A method for friction stir welding of flanges in single-panel configuration

Abstract

This invention provides a method for friction stir welding of flanges in a single-panel configuration, comprising the following steps: drilling positioning holes in the panel; installing the panel onto a welding fixture; milling the holes; cleaning aluminum shavings; installing the flange fixing mandrel; performing two tack welds on the weld before formal welding; after welding, disassembling the flange cap and clamping mechanism, hoisting the panel and flange assembly off the frame, and performing weld cleaning and non-destructive testing. The beneficial effects of this invention are: it achieves a technological leap from fusion welding to friction stir welding of flanges on panel panels, significantly improving product welding quality and weld reliability, and reducing product welding deformation. This has significant practical implications and substantial economic value for the engineering application of aerospace products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of launch vehicle equipment, and in particular relates to a method for friction stir welding of flanges in the case of a single wall panel. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, flanges for the fuel tanks of my country's 5m diameter launch vehicles are distributed not only on the bottom of the tank but also on the tank sections. The existing process flow is as follows: blanking of the tank section wall panels – friction stir welding of the longitudinal seams of the tank section – non-destructive testing of the longitudinal seams of the tank section – removal of excess material at the top and bottom of the tank section – marking the position of the upper flange on the tank section – opening the upper flange on the tank section – fusion welding assembly of the tank section flanges – X-ray inspection and delivery. The welding of the tank section flanges adopts the TIG fusion welding process, and the welding method is single-sided two-layer welding, namely helium arc tack welding + helium arc root pass welding + argon arc cap pass welding. During the welding process, there is no weld spatter backing plate for support on the back of the weld. Before welding, the oxide film on the front, back, and end faces of the weld to be welded is scraped off. No filler wire is used for tack welding and root pass welding, while filler wire is used for cap pass welding. After welding, the weld spatter on the back of the weld is manually milled.

[0003] The shortcomings of existing technologies: In the manufacturing of storage tanks, the weld seam is the weakest link in the entire tank structure. The TIG welding process inevitably introduces certain welding defects (such as porosity, slag inclusions, and microcracks) and residual welding stress. Simultaneously, the microstructure inside the weld seam undergoes significant changes, such as coarse grains, precipitation of strengthening phases, and a wide softening zone. Compared to the base material, the mechanical properties of the weld seam are significantly reduced. Its main deficiencies include the following two aspects:

[0004] (1) TIG welds contain numerous defects, such as porosity, slag inclusions, and microcracks, which may be within or exceed the standard. These defects may become crack sources during subsequent hydraulic testing or long-term storage, thus threatening product quality. For defects exceeding the standard, fusion welding is required to repair them. Under the action of repeated heat input, the mechanical properties of the weld are easily deteriorated, and local stress concentration is aggravated, which has an adverse effect on product quality.

[0005] (2) The TIG welding process has a large heat input. Under the action of welding heat cycle, the product has a large welding deformation. In particular, after multiple welding repairs, the product’s dimensional accuracy is greatly reduced, which leads to problems such as large misalignment and large gap in the subsequent circumferential seam assembly process, affecting the welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a flange friction stir welding method in the case of a single wall panel, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] A method for friction stir welding of a flange in the case of a single wall panel includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Mark the position of the opening in the wall panel, determine the center of the opening, and drill a positioning hole at the center.

[0010] S2. Install the locating pin with opening on the bed base of the welding fixture, and lower the welding pad of the bed base by 20mm to leave space for milling tool clearance. Hoist the wall panel onto the bed base and fit the locating hole on the wall panel into the locating pin. Hoist the clamping mechanism and clamp the wall panel.

[0011] S3. Install the milling cutter, set the milling program to break and open the hole, leave about 1-2mm of fine milling allowance, and after breaking and opening the hole, perform fine milling of the flange hole of the wall plate according to the flange ring joint fit requirements.

[0012] S4. After the hole is drilled, clean up the aluminum shavings, raise the welding pad to fit against the wall panel product, remove the hole positioning pin and install the flange fixing mandrel.

[0013] S5. Assemble the flange on the bed base and install the flange cap. For flange circumferential seams with a welding zone thickness greater than 10mm, perform two tack welds before formal welding.

[0014] S6. After welding is completed, disassemble the flange cap and clamping mechanism, hoist the wall panel and flange assembly off the frame, and perform weld cleaning and non-destructive testing.

[0015] Furthermore, the two positioning welds in step S5 include a first positioning weld and a second positioning weld. The first positioning weld uses a small shoulder stirring head with a needle length of 1.5 to 2.5 mm to initially fix the wall panel assembly state. The second positioning weld uses a positioning stirring head with a needle length of 6 to 8 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S5, the formal welding uses a retractable stirring head with a needle length 0.3 to 0.5 mm shorter than the actual thickness of the welding area, and the retraction distance of the stirring needle of the retractable stirring head is 250 to 500 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the welding fixture includes a bed base, a clamping mechanism, and two support brackets. The bed base is provided with a clamping mechanism at the top, and the clamping mechanism between the bed bases is used to place the wall panel to be welded. Each side of the bed base is provided with a support bracket, and the two support brackets are used to support the suspended end of the wall panel.

[0018] Furthermore, the bed base includes a welding pad, a bed body, an electric pad lifting assembly, and a manual pad lifting assembly. The upper surface of the bed body has two welding stations, and each welding station has a welding pad inside. The bottom of the welding pad is provided with an electric pad lifting assembly and a manual pad lifting assembly, both of which are used to drive the welding pad to lift.

[0019] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism includes a pressing body and several auxiliary pressing components. Several auxiliary pressing components are evenly distributed on both sides of the top of the pressing station. Two pressing stations are opened in the middle of the top of the pressing body. The pressing stations correspond one-to-one with the welding stations. The bottom of the pressing body has an arc-shaped structure. The pressing body and auxiliary pressing components are used to press the wall panel.

[0020] Furthermore, the support bracket includes a support frame, a support body, a support handrail, and several casters. A caster is installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the support frame. A support handrail is provided on one side of the top of the support frame, and a support body is rotatably provided on the other side of the top of the support frame.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotation angle range of the support body and the support frame is ±30°.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the flange friction stir welding method in the state of a single wall panel described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The flange stir friction welding method in the state of a single wall panel described in this invention realizes the technological leap from fusion welding to stir friction welding of flanges on the wall panel, which greatly improves the welding quality and weld reliability of the product and reduces the welding deformation of the product. It has important practical significance and huge economic value for the engineering application of aerospace products.

[0024] (2) The flange friction stir welding method in the state of a single wall panel described in this invention has a welding fixture with dual-station welding function, the welding pad can be automatically raised and lowered, and has the integrated functions of opening, assembly and welding, which is economical and practical. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the orientation of the flange welding position in the wall panel state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the bed base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the bed base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-station bed base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric pad lifting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a left-side view of the clamping mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flange clamping cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary clamping component described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the support bracket described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of locating pins for hole positioning as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the wall panel milling and hole opening according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the precision milling of the flange hole in the wall panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of tire contact with the pad as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting flange fixing mandrel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting flange and flange cap as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the flange circumferential friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the disassembly of the flange cap after welding, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 19This is a schematic diagram of the wall panel and flange assembly being removed from the shelf according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Wall panel; 2. Welding fixture; 21. Bed base; 211. Welding pad; 212. Bed body; 213. Electric pad lifting assembly; 214. Manual pad lifting assembly; 215. Welding station; 22. Clamping mechanism; 221. Clamping body; 222. Clamping station; 223. Auxiliary clamping parts; 23. Support bracket; 231. Support frame; 232. Support body; 233. Support handrail; 234. Casters; 3. Flange fixing spindle. Detailed Implementation

[0047] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 19 As shown, a method for friction stir welding of a flange in a single-panel configuration includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Mark the opening position of the wall panel 1, determine the center of the opening, and drill a positioning hole at the center.

[0053] S2. Install the opening positioning pin on the bed base 21 of the welding fixture 2, and lower the welding pad 211 of the bed base 21 by 20mm to leave space for milling tool clearance. Hoist the wall plate 1 onto the bed base 21 and fit the positioning hole on the wall plate 1 into the positioning pin. Hoist the clamping mechanism 22 and clamp the wall plate 1.

[0054] S3. Install the milling cutter, set the milling program to break and open the hole, leave about 1-2mm of fine milling allowance, and after breaking and opening the hole, perform fine milling of the flange hole of the wall plate according to the flange ring joint fit requirements.

[0055] S4. After the hole is opened, clean up the aluminum shavings, raise the welding pad 211 to fit against the wall panel 1, remove the hole positioning pin and install the flange fixing mandrel 3.

[0056] S5. Assemble the flange on the bed base 21 and install the flange cap. For flange circumferential seams with a welding zone thickness greater than 10mm, perform two tack welds before formal welding.

[0057] S6. After welding is completed, disassemble the flange cap and clamping mechanism 22, and lift the wall panel 1 and flange assembly off the frame for weld cleaning and non-destructive testing.

[0058] This invention represents a technological leap from fusion welding to friction stir welding for flanges on wall panels, significantly improving product welding quality and weld reliability, and reducing product welding deformation. It has important practical significance and enormous economic value for the engineering application of aerospace products.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding fixture 2 includes a bed base 21, a clamping mechanism 22, and two support brackets 23. The clamping mechanism 22 is located on the top of the bed base 21, and the clamping mechanism 22 between the bed bases 21 is used to place the part of the wall panel 1 to be welded. A support bracket 23 is provided on each side of the bed base 21, and the two support brackets 23 are used to support the suspended end of the wall panel 1. This welding fixture 2 has a dual-station welding function, the welding pad 211 can be automatically raised and lowered, and it integrates drilling, assembly, and welding functions, making it economical and practical.

[0060] Friction stir welding (FSW) is an advanced solid-state joining technology that has attracted widespread attention in the aerospace manufacturing field. This technology uses the frictional heat of the stirring head as the heat input, and the welding temperature is below the material's melting point, resulting in low heat input and no loss of alloying elements. It offers advantages such as high weld quality, fewer defects, and minimal welding deformation. Currently, FSW technology has been successfully applied in the welding of longitudinal seams in the shell sections of 2.25m, 3.35m, and 5m diameter launch vehicle propellant tanks, including the bottom of 2.25m, 3.35m, and 5m tanks and the 3.35m tank body. However, its research and application in the welding of the flange circumferential seams in the 5m diameter propellant tank section remains unexplored.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] The concept of this invention is as follows:

[0063] In the case of a single wall panel, friction stir welding technology is used to weld the flange circumferential seam. The process flow is as follows: outbound inspection of the cylindrical wall panel - marking the flange opening position on the wall panel - flange opening on the wall panel - assembly and welding of the flange circumferential seam of the wall panel - non-destructive testing of the wall panel flange assembly and removal of longitudinal edge allowance - friction stir welding of the longitudinal seam of the cylindrical section - non-destructive testing of the longitudinal seam of the cylindrical section - removal of allowance at the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical section - final inspection and delivery.

[0064] Considering the assembly scale and the feasibility of assembly and welding operations, the assembly and welding are carried out with the inner arc surface of the wall panel facing upwards, and the stirring head is used for welding on the inner arc surface side of the wall panel.

[0065] The fixture scheme for flange friction stir welding in single-panel configuration is as follows:

[0066] To improve the adaptability of the tooling, a modular design is adopted, comprising three parts: a bed base 21, a clamping mechanism 22, and a support bracket 23. The welding mechanism employs a five-axis friction stir welding system. The bed base 21 and the clamping mechanism 22 can meet the flange circumferential welding requirements for a 3.2m long wall panel. During assembly, the support bracket 23 supports the suspended end of the wall panel 1 to prevent it from sinking or bending under gravity, ensuring the stability of the assembled wall panel 1.

[0067] The bed base 21 includes a welding pad 211, a bed body 212, an electric pad lifting assembly 213, and a manual pad lifting assembly 214. The bed base 21 can meet the friction stir welding of the flange circumferential seam of the wall panel with an axial length of 3250mm. In order to accommodate the welding of flanges at different positions on the wall panel 1, the bed base 21 is provided with two welding stations, which are 1.9m apart. The welding pad 211 in both stations can be raised and lowered, with a lifting range of -20mm to 5mm. After the welding pad 211 is lowered, the flange position of the wall panel can be milled and opened. After the opening is completed, the welding pad 211 is raised for welding assembly.

[0068] The pad lifting mechanism of the bed base 21 adopts both electric and manual drive methods. The electric pad lifting assembly 213 is a linear actuator. In the electric drive mode, the motor of the linear actuator drives the lifting shaft of the linear actuator to push the welding pad 211 up or down. When the welding pad 211 moves to the working position, the position of the welding pad 211 is locked by mechanical locking to prevent displacement of the welding pad 211 during the welding process. In the manual drive mode, the manual pad lifting assembly 214 includes a handwheel, a push rod, and a wedge-shaped adjusting block. The operator turns the handwheel, which is connected to a push rod. The push rod pushes the wedge-shaped adjusting block, converting the horizontal movement of the push rod into the lifting movement of the welding pad 211. When the welding pad 211 moves to the working position, the position of the welding pad 211 is locked by mechanical locking.

[0069] The clamping mechanism 22 includes a clamping body 221 and several auxiliary clamping components 223. The clamping mechanism 22 adopts an arc-shaped structure with the same curvature as the product, which can clamp and fix wall panels and flanges with a welding area thickness of 5-22mm. To adapt to the dual-station structure of the bed base 21, the clamping mechanism 22 is also set to dual-station, which can meet the assembly clamping requirements of flanges in different positions. The welding area of ​​the wall panel flange hole is clamped with a pressure ring, manually operated, which facilitates targeted adjustment and clamping of local positions where the assembly state does not meet welding requirements. The flange is clamped with a pressure cap, manually operated. After the product is clamped, the distance between the welding edge and the pressure ring and pressure cap is 25-35mm. To ensure that no welding deformation occurs in other positions of the wall panel 1 after welding and to control the product's shape and dimensions, several auxiliary clamping components 223 are set on the clamping mechanism 22. By tightening the screws and pressure blocks, the wall panel 1 is fixed to the bed base 21.

[0070] The support bracket 23 includes a support frame 231, a support body 232, a support handle 233, and several casters 234. A caster 234 is installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the support frame 231. A support handle 233 is provided on one side of the top of the support frame 231, and the support body 232 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the top of the support frame 231. The rotation angle range between the support body 232 and the support frame 231 is ±30°. The support bracket 23 is portable, with casters and support legs at the bottom for easy movement by operators to the work position. During product assembly, the support legs provide support to ensure the bracket's stability. The upper end of the support bracket 23 is the support body 232, which can swing freely within ±30° to facilitate contact with the product surface during support. The area of ​​the support bracket 23 that contacts the product is covered with felt to prevent scratching the wall panel 1.

[0071] The flange opening, assembly, and welding methods in the case of a single wall panel are as follows:

[0072] 1. Mark the position of the opening on the wall panel 1 under the frame, determine the center of the opening, and drill a positioning hole on the center.

[0073] 2. Install the pre-drilled locating pins on the bed base 21, and lower the welding pad 211 by 20mm to allow space for milling tool clearance. Hoist the wall panel 1 onto the bed base 21, and fit the locating hole on the wall panel 1 into the locating pin. Hoist the clamping mechanism 22 and clamp the pressure plate. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 .

[0074] 3. Install the milling cutter, set the milling program to perform milling and hole opening, leaving approximately 1-2mm of finish milling allowance. After milling and opening the hole, perform finish milling of the flange hole in the wall panel according to the flange circumferential joint fit requirements. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 12-13 .

[0075] 4. After drilling, clean up aluminum shavings and raise the welding pad 211 to fit snugly against the wall panel. Use a feeler gauge to measure the fit around the entire flange hole. Remove the drilling locating pin and install the flange fixing mandrel 3. (See...) Figures 14-15 .

[0076] 5. Assemble the flange on the bed base 21 and install the flange cap. Check the assembly clearance and misalignment. For flange circumferential welds with a weld zone thickness of 10mm or more, to prevent bulging of the weld under the strong upsetting force and forward resistance of the stirring head during the formal welding process, perform two tack welds before formal welding. The first tack weld uses a small shoulder stirring head with a needle length of 1.5-2.5mm to initially fix the assembly state. The second tack weld uses a tack stirring head with a needle length of 6-8mm to deeply locate the weld, enhance the strength of the weld joint, and improve the weld's resistance to strong upsetting force and forward resistance. For formal welding, a retractable stirring head with a needle length 0.3-0.5mm shorter than the actual thickness of the weld zone is used. Before the welding is completed, the stirring needle retracts to eliminate the welding keyhole and form a complete circumferential weld. The retraction distance of the stirring needle is 250-500mm. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 16-17 .

[0077] 6. After welding is completed, disassemble the flange cap and clamping mechanism 22, hoist the wall panel 1 and flange assembly off the frame, and perform weld cleaning and non-destructive testing. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 18-19 .

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for friction stir welding of a flange in the case of a single wall panel, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Mark the position of the opening on the wall panel (1) to determine the center of the opening and drill a positioning hole on the center. S2. Install the opening positioning pin on the bed base (21) of the welding fixture (2), lower the welding pad (211) of the bed base (21) by 20mm to leave space for milling tool clearance, hoist the wall plate (1) onto the bed base (21), and fit the positioning hole on the wall plate (1) into the positioning pin. Hoist the clamping mechanism (22) and clamp the wall plate (1). S3. Install the milling cutter, set the milling program to break and open the hole, leave a 1-2mm fine milling allowance, and after breaking and opening the hole, perform fine milling of the flange hole of the wall panel (1) according to the flange ring joint fit requirements. S4. After the hole is opened, clean up the aluminum shavings, raise the welding pad (211) to fit with the wall panel (1) product, remove the hole positioning pin and install the flange fixing mandrel (3). S5. Assemble the flange on the bed base (21) and install the flange cap. For the flange circumferential weld with a welding area thickness greater than 10mm, perform two tack welds on the weld before formal welding. S6. After welding is completed, disassemble the flange cap and clamping mechanism (22), and lift the wall panel (1) and flange assembly off the frame for weld cleaning and non-destructive testing. The welding fixture (2) includes a bed base (21), a clamping mechanism (22) and two support brackets (23). The bed base (21) is provided with a clamping mechanism (22) at the top. The area between the bed base (21) and the clamping mechanism (22) is used to place the wall panel (1) to be welded. Each side of the bed base (21) is provided with a support bracket (23). The two support brackets (23) are used to support the suspended end of the wall panel (1).

2. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in a single-panel configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two positioning welds in step S5 include a first positioning weld and a second positioning weld. The first positioning weld uses a small shoulder stirring head with a needle length of 1.5 to 2.5 mm to initially fix the assembly state of the wall panel (1). The second positioning weld uses a positioning stirring head with a needle length of 6 to 8 mm.

3. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in the state of a single wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the formal welding uses a retractable stirring head with a needle length 0.3-0.5 mm shorter than the actual thickness of the welding area. The retractable stirring head has a retraction distance of 250-500 mm.

4. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in the state of a single wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed base (21) includes a welding pad (211), a bed body (212), an electric pad lifting assembly (213), and a manual pad lifting assembly (214). The upper surface of the bed body (212) has two welding stations (215). Each welding station (215) has a welding pad (211) inside. The bottom of the welding pad (211) is provided with an electric pad lifting assembly (213) and a manual pad lifting assembly (214). Both the electric pad lifting assembly (213) and the manual pad lifting assembly (214) are used to drive the welding pad (211) to rise and fall.

5. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in a single-panel configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the two welding stations (215) is 1.9m.

6. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in a single-panel configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (22) includes a clamping body (221) and several auxiliary clamping components (223). The clamping body (221) has two clamping stations (222) in the middle of its top. Several auxiliary clamping components (223) are evenly distributed on both sides of the top of the clamping station (222). The clamping station (222) corresponds one-to-one with the welding station (215). The bottom of the clamping body (221) is an arc-shaped structure. The clamping body (221) and the auxiliary clamping components (223) are both used to clamp the wall panel (1).

7. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in the state of a single wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support bracket (23) includes a support frame (231), a support body (232), a support handrail (233), and several casters (234). A caster (234) is installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the support frame (231). A support handrail (233) is provided on one side of the top of the support frame (231), and a support body (232) is rotatably provided on the other side of the top of the support frame (231).

8. The method for friction stir welding of a flange in a single-panel configuration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation angle range of the support (232) and the support frame (231) is ±30°.

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