A comprehensive analysis and judgment method and system for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration. The method includes: identifying the topology of a low-voltage substation area at the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and preliminarily determining a power outage event in the low-voltage substation area according to the low-voltage substation area topology relationship, power loss and switch signals; according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side collects power outage events and sends signals to the cloud side; the cloud side determines a whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combines the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent by the edge side to conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults. The present invention can not only solve the problem of low efficiency caused by all analysis and judgment logics being processed at the master station, but also solve the problem of incomplete information caused by all on-site processing, and can achieve rapid location and processing of low-voltage faults in the power industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of distribution network fault analysis, and relates to a method and system for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration. Background Technique

[0002] In the prior art, for the low-voltage side of the distribution network below 0.4 kV, especially at the meter level, the number of devices is huge and faults occur frequently. Currently, there is a lack of effective device monitoring means, and the degree of support for fault discovery and handling is not high. Moreover, it is necessary to wait until the user calls to report a repair before starting to handle it, resulting in low efficiency and low user satisfaction. In addition, since the fault handling personnel cannot accurately locate the fault point in advance and the troubleshooting time is long, it also brings trouble to the rapid restoration of power supply.

[0003] For the low-voltage side of the distribution network, most areas are in a black-box management state, unable to perform monitoring and automatic analysis and judgment. Currently, only a few areas have carried out preliminary automatic analysis and judgment of faults, and all of them perform comprehensive monitoring and management through all devices in the pilot area on the master station side. Such processing efficiency is not high, and with the increase in the number of devices, signals may be lost. Even if the master station resources are expanded, its real-time performance cannot be effectively guaranteed.

[0004] Based on the cloud-edge collaborative technology for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network, a multi-dimensional data system that combines edge computing and cloud computing collaboration, and the collaboration of edge computing analysis and judgment results with cloud computing to collect multi-source information, can achieve accurate and efficient comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults, improve the power supply reliability of the low-voltage power grid and user satisfaction, and support the digital transformation of the distribution network. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Identify the topology structure of the low-voltage substation area on the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and determine the power outage event of the low-voltage substation area according to the low-voltage substation area topology relationship, power loss and switch signals;

[0009] Step 2: According to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side collects power outage events and sends signals to the cloud side;

[0010] Step 3: The cloud side determines the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combines the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent by the edge side to conduct a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault.

[0011] The present invention further includes the following preferred solutions:

[0012] Preferably, step 1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1.1: Identify the low-voltage substation topology by sending / receiving two-way signals with attached device identification information up and down the power line.

[0014] Step 1.2: Based on the low-voltage substation topology, obtain the relationship between the distribution transformer and users in the low-voltage substation, the topological relationship between switches and meters, and monitor the power loss and switch signals in the low-voltage substation.

[0015] Step 1.3: Based on the topological relationship and signals in step 1.2, determine the power outage event in the low-voltage substation based on the reverse calculation fault logic.

[0016] Preferably, in step 1.1, power frequency topology identification modules are installed upstream and downstream of the power line. The upstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the downstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the downstream signal; the downstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the upstream signal.

[0017] The downstream power frequency topology identification module superimposes a current pulse signal on the line current, and the identification information of the attached device forms a transmitted signal. The transmitted signal is transmitted through the power line to the upstream power frequency topology identification module, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives the signal and parses out the device identification in the transmitted signal.

[0018] Based on the device identification, obtain the topology of the low-voltage substation including five-level devices: distribution transformer - outgoing line switch - branch box switch - meter box - meter.

[0019] Preferably, the pulse current signal has the following modulation characteristics:

[0020] The energy of the useful signal is concentrated in the frequency range of 200 Hz to 600 Hz;

[0021] Modulate at the load current corresponding to within 30° before and after the voltage zero crossing;

[0022] Represented by a controllable current pulse signal sequence.

[0023] Preferably, in step 1.1, the on-site devices on the edge side can also obtain the low-voltage substation topology by the cloud side sending the topology description files of all devices to the edge side.

[0024] Preferably, in step 1.2, based on the user locations and feeder hierarchical relationships in the low-voltage substation area topology, obtain the relationships between users and transformers, switches and electricity meters, branch boxes and electricity meters, outgoing line switches and electricity meters, and distribution transformers and electricity meters;

[0025] Monitor the distribution transformer power loss signal, outgoing line switch position change signal, branch box switch position change signal, branch box switch tripping signal, and electricity meter power loss signal.

[0026] Preferably, in step 1.3, if the distribution transformer power loss signal is monitored, it is determined that the distribution transformer has a power outage;

[0027] If the outgoing line switch position change signal is monitored, it is determined that there is a power outage in the low-voltage outgoing line;

[0028] If the branch switch tripping signal is monitored, it is determined that there is a power outage in the low-voltage branch;

[0029] After the electricity meter power loss signal is monitored, combined with the topological relationship, determine whether there is a power outage for a single low-voltage household or multiple low-voltage households;

[0030] When the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, reuse the reverse calculation fault logic to determine the power outage event in the low-voltage substation area.

[0031] Preferably, when the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, and the reverse calculation fault logic is reused to determine the power outage event in the low-voltage substation area, it specifically includes:

[0032] In the low-voltage substation area, signals are sent upward level by level along the topology in the order of electricity meter - meter box - branch box switch - outgoing line switch - distribution transformer, and finally reach the cloud side;

[0033] When the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or cannot be sent upward, based on the power loss signal sent by the electricity meters downstream of the distribution transformer, reverse calculate the distribution transformer power outage event;

[0034] When the switch signal is lost or the monitoring and acquisition conditions are not available, based on the power loss signal sent by the electricity meters downstream of the switch, reverse calculate the switch power outage event;

[0035] The distribution transformer power outage event refers to a single distribution transformer power outage, and the switch power outage event includes the low-voltage outgoing line power outage event and the low-voltage branch power outage event.

[0036] Preferably, in step 2, according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side aggregates the power outage events. When the distribution transformer power outage event and the electricity meter power outage event are determined to occur simultaneously, send the distribution transformer power outage event to the cloud side; when the switch power outage event and the electricity meter power outage event are determined to occur simultaneously, send the switch power outage event to the cloud side.

[0037] Preferably, in step 3, the cloud side determines the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals and judgment logic of distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combines the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent by the edge side to conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults, specifically including:

[0038] 1) Whole-line fault power outage: Determine the whole-line fault power outage based on the in-station signals and judgment logic of distribution automation, and record the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically;

[0039] 2) Branch line fault: On the branch line with complete automation coverage, directly determine the branch line fault based on the fault judgment information of the distribution automation master station; if the automation coverage of the branch line switch is incomplete, use the reverse calculation strategy to determine the branch line fault with the help of the distribution transformer power loss signal sent by the edge side;

[0040] 3) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage fault: According to the medium-voltage fault signal uploaded by the distribution transformer, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the power outage information of the distribution transformer in the theoretically power-loss distribution transformer list, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage fault;

[0041] 4) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage operation plan: According to the power outage plan of the power grid system, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the planned power outage information of the distribution transformer in the theoretically power-loss distribution transformer list, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage operation plan;

[0042] 5) Single distribution transformer power outage: Based on the distribution transformer power loss signal forwarded by the user acquisition device and the distribution transformer power loss signal sent by the edge side, if it is analyzed that the upstream of the distribution transformer is energized, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage.

[0043] A comprehensive analysis and judgment system for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration includes a low-voltage substation power outage event determination module, a signal transmission module, and a fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module;

[0044] The low-voltage substation power outage event determination module is used to identify the topology structure of the low-voltage substation on the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and determine the low-voltage substation power outage event according to the topology relationship of the low-voltage substation, power loss, and switch signals;

[0045] The signal transmission module is used to collect power outage events on the edge side according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration and send signals to the cloud side;

[0046] The fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module is used for the cloud side to determine the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of distribution automation, record the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combine the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent by the edge side to conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults.

[0047] A terminal includes a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0048] The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method.

[0049] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. Compared with the prior art:

[0051] With cloud-edge collaboration as the core, the computing power on the edge side is utilized to share the computing pressure. After forming a preliminary judgment conclusion on the edge side, a comprehensive analysis and judgment in combination with the medium-voltage signal is carried out on the cloud side. The fault information of the distribution network detected by the on-site terminal can be uploaded to the distribution automation master station in real time. The distribution automation master station quickly collects the real-time operation information of the distribution network collected in the area, and the master station judges whether it is a whole-line fault power-on according to the real-time topological structure of the distribution network and the relevant distribution network fault status reference information, and locates the fault according to a certain algorithm. The edge side will identify the low-voltage substation topological structure, and according to the low-voltage substation topological relationship, medium-low voltage power loss and switch signals, use the reverse calculation fault logic, that is, according to the power-off signal of the downstream equipment, to reverse the tripping of the upstream related switches to determine the low-voltage substation power-off event; then according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side conducts the collection of power-off events and signal uploading; finally, the cloud side determines the whole-line fault according to the in-station signals of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, and combines the actual situation of the edge-side terminal installation and the actual power-off distribution transformer signals to conduct a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault, and further judge the power-off events misreported, missed, and reported late on the edge side.

[0052] The whole process involves multiple interactions and collaborations between the cloud and the edge, creating a new method for analyzing and judging low-voltage faults that makes full use of cloud-edge resources. It can not only solve the low-efficiency problem caused by the processing of all analysis and judgment logics in the master station, but also solve the problem of incomplete information caused by all in-situ processing, and can achieve fast location and processing of low-voltage faults in the low-voltage power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a cloud-edge collaborative network structure diagram of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a method flow chart of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a process diagram of the edge-side topology recognition of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a reverse calculation fault flow chart of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 It is a cloud-side comprehensive research and judgment information flow diagram of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0058] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] The present invention provides a comprehensive analysis and judgment method and system for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration. In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the overall device architecture of cloud-edge collaboration is as Figure 1 shown. Among them, in the low-voltage part, it includes edge devices represented by intelligent distribution transformer terminals, which generally process data perception, edge computing, and result publishing of distribution transformers and downstream low-voltage supporting equipment; in the medium-voltage part, it collects equipment data such as 10kV busbars, substation outgoing circuit breakers, distribution network feeders, distribution network switches, and distribution network transformers; on the cloud side, it receives the edge computing results and medium-voltage equipment signal data for comprehensive judgment.

[0060] The above-mentioned low-voltage supporting equipment includes low-voltage outgoing switches, low-voltage branch boxes, meter boxes, low-voltage users, etc.

[0061] The above-mentioned edge devices have the ability to install APP applications, including APPs such as AC acquisition, topology recognition, and fault location. Relying on their own APPs, the edge devices have the ability to collect, calculate, and publish data.

[0062] As Figure 2 shown, a comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration of the present invention includes the following steps 1-3:

[0063] Step 1: Identify the topology structure of the low-voltage area on the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and determine the power outage event of the low-voltage area according to the low-voltage area topology relationship, power loss, and switch signals;

[0064] Further preferably, the edge side adopts a fault judgment strategy with complete signals:

[0065] When signals such as the power loss signal of the distribution transformer, the opening and closing signals of the low-voltage switch, and the power loss signal of the electric meter are completely covered on the edge side, the fault judgment strategy with complete signals is used for fault judgment.

[0066] When the present invention is specifically implemented, fault judgment is realized based on the APP on the edge side:

[0067] Edge computing is realized by installing an APP on the edge side. Based on the local computing and processing advantages of the intelligent fusion terminal of the area, the power outage states of the fusion terminal, switch, and electric meter are comprehensively analyzed to realize the reporting of equipment power outage event information. According to the reported information, the cloud side can realize accurate fault analysis and active alarm, change passive emergency repair to active service, and improve the fault emergency repair efficiency and high-quality service level.

[0068] Specifically, step 1 includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1.1, Topology identification: Identify the low-voltage substation area topology by sending / receiving two-way signals with attached device identification information upstream and downstream of the power line:

[0070] The basis for fault location on the edge side is the low-voltage substation area topology. Currently, the edge side relies on power frequency communication technology to achieve dynamic identification of low-voltage topology, uses the distortion of the power grid power frequency waveform to carry information for communication, and proposes the basic theory and research methods of two-way power frequency communication. This technology has reliability, uniqueness, and easy implementation.

[0071] The power grid power frequency communication technology supports two-way signal transmission, namely the upstream signal and the downstream signal.

[0072] Install power frequency topology identification modules at the upstream and downstream of the power line. The upstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the downstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the downstream signal; the downstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the upstream signal;

[0073] The principle of modulating the upstream signal of power frequency communication is to modulate in the interval near the zero crossing point, use the 50Hz power frequency waveform itself as the medium for signal transmission, and the upstream signal uses the slight distortion of the current waveform to carry information. The frequency of the upstream signal is from 180Hz to 500Hz. Through research, it is proved that the interference and harmonics generated during the modulation of the power frequency communication technology signal are within the specified requirements and have little impact on the power grid.

[0074] This invention is implemented using the upstream signal method. The downstream power frequency topology identification module generates a current pulse signal on the line current, and the identification information of the attached device forms a transmission signal. The transmission signal is transmitted through the power line to the upstream power frequency topology identification module, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives the signal and analyzes the device identification in the transmission signal.

[0075] The downstream power frequency topology identification module uses the slight distortion signal (current pulse signal) generated in the low-voltage power supply network current waveform to carry information. Specifically: Superimpose the current pulse signal at the corresponding moment near the zero crossing point of the fundamental wave of the user load side voltage (within the range of 30° before and after), which is equivalent to injecting a pulsed current source into the low-voltage power supply network.

[0076] The typical modulation characteristics of the pulsed current signal include:

[0077] Concentrated frequency range: The energy of the useful signal is concentrated in the frequency range of 200Hz to 600Hz;

[0078] Fixed modulation position: Modulate at the load current corresponding to 30° before and after the voltage zero crossing point;

[0079] Regularity: It is represented by a controllable current pulse signal sequence. The probability of other electrical loads generating such regular current pulses is very small.

[0080] Based on the above technology, the edge side can obtain the topological structure of the low-voltage area, which includes five levels of equipment: distribution transformer, outgoing line switch, branch box switch, meter box, and electric meter, based on the equipment identification. The area intelligent fusion terminal is installed in the distribution transformer box, and the branch fusion switch is installed in the branch box. The meter box is equipped with a meter box fusion switch, which can send pulse current to the branch fusion switch and confirm the physical link to the branch fusion switch. The topology identification process on the edge side is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0081] Step 1.2, based on the low-voltage area topology structure, obtain the relationship between the low-voltage area distribution transformer and the user, the topological relationship between the switch and the meter, and monitor the power failure and switch signal of the low-voltage area;

[0082] Based on the user location and feeder hierarchy in the low-voltage area topology, the relationship between the user and the transformer, the relationship between the switch and the meter, the relationship between the branch box and the meter, the relationship between the outgoing switch and the meter, and the relationship between the distribution transformer and the meter are obtained;

[0083] Monitor the power failure signal of distribution transformer, the position change signal of outgoing line switch, the position change signal of branch box switch, the opening signal of branch box switch, and the power failure signal of electric meter;

[0084] Step 1.3: According to the topological relationship and signal of step 1.2, the low voltage substation power outage event is determined based on the reverse fault logic.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, the signal is generally processed in the order of distribution transformer-switch-user, that is, distribution transformer signal> switch signal> meter signal to determine the power outage event in the low-voltage area. Specifically:

[0086] If the outgoing line switch position change signal is detected, it is determined that the low-voltage outgoing line is out of power;

[0087] If the branch switch opening signal is detected, it is determined that the low-voltage branch is out of power;

[0088] After the power failure signal of the electric meter is detected, the low-voltage single-household power outage or low-voltage multi-household power outage is determined based on the topological relationship;

[0089] When the distribution transformer power failure signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, the reverse fault calculation logic is reused to determine the power failure event in the low-voltage substation area.

[0090] At the same time, in order to eliminate the problem of loss of distribution transformer signal or switch signal, when the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, the reverse fault calculation logic is reused to determine the power outage event in the low-voltage substation.

[0091] The reverse fault calculation logic is implemented based on the signal sending strategy, and the signal sending strategy is:

[0092] The data is sent up step by step along the topology in the order of meter-meter box-branch box switch-outlet switch-distribution transformer, and finally reaches the cloud side.

[0093] In the low-voltage area, the power supply of the distribution transformer intelligent terminal comes from the distribution transformer. When the distribution transformer is powered off, the distribution transformer intelligent terminal theoretically does not have the ability to calculate and send signals. However, it is equipped with a super capacitor as a backup power supply, so that the distribution transformer intelligent terminal can be powered for about 5 minutes after the distribution transformer is powered off, and thus has the ability to send its own power failure signal;

[0094] The switch communicates with the distribution transformer fusion terminal, and sends the telesignal and telemetry data to the cloud through the distribution transformer fusion terminal. When the distribution transformer loses power, all downstream switches have lost power and are unable to send trip and position change signals. That is, only when the distribution transformer is energized can the downstream switches send trip and position change signals.

[0095] The electric meter communicates with the distribution transformer fusion terminal through the concentrator, and the telesignaling data is sent to the cloud through the distribution transformer fusion terminal. When the electric meter loses power, the capacitor integrated inside the electric meter is used as a backup power supply to send the meter power failure signal to the distribution transformer fusion terminal, and then to the cloud by the fusion terminal.

[0096] The reverse fault calculation logic: When the power loss signal of the distribution transformer, the opening and closing signal of the low-voltage switch, the power loss signal of the meter and other signals are not fully covered on the edge side, for example, the power loss signal of the distribution transformer is lost, or the low-voltage matching is incomplete, resulting in the switch being unable to collect telesignaling and telemetry, at this time, it is necessary to use the reverse fault calculation logic to locate the fault. This logic depends on the low-voltage topological relationship. First, it is necessary to obtain the distribution transformer-meter relationship and the switch-meter relationship according to the topological structure, specifically:

[0097] Based on the relationship between distribution transformers and electric meters obtained according to the topological structure of the low-voltage area, when the power failure signal of the distribution transformer is lost or cannot be sent up, the power failure signal sent by the electric meters downstream of the distribution transformer is reversely calculated, for example, when more than 80% of the electric meters send power failure signals. In order to distinguish it from the traditional judgment method of inferring the power failure of the lower layer or the current level equipment from the power failure signal of the upper layer equipment, it is called reverse fault calculation logic;

[0098] Reverse calculation Figure 4 As shown, if more than 80% of the electricity meters downstream of the distribution transformer send power failure signals, it is determined that the distribution transformer is out of power.

[0099] Based on the relationship between switches and meters obtained according to the low-voltage substation topology, when the switch signal is lost or the monitoring and collection conditions are not met, the switch power outage event is reversely inferred based on the power loss signal sent by the meter downstream of the switch and the data provided by the lower-level equipment.

[0100] Step 2: According to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side collects power outage events and sends signals to the cloud side;

[0101] According to step 1, low-voltage distribution transformer outage, switch outage, meter outage and other events can be determined, and the events need to be sent to the cloud. Since the meter has the characteristics of backup power supply, the meter outage event and the distribution transformer outage event may be determined at the same time, and the meter outage event and the low-voltage switch outage event may also be determined at the same time.

[0102] In step 2, according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side collects power outage events: when the distribution transformer power outage event and the meter power outage event are simultaneously determined to occur, the distribution transformer power outage event is sent; when the switch power outage event and the meter power outage event are simultaneously determined to occur, the low-voltage switch power outage event is sent.

[0103] Event aggregation at the edge reduces the number of events sent to the main station and reduces the computing pressure of the cloud.

[0104] Step 3: The cloud side determines the fault of the entire line based on the station signal of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, and combines the medium-voltage signal and the signal sent from the edge side, including the distribution transformer status and fault or power loss signal, to conduct a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault, and further judge the power outage events that are falsely reported, missed, or late reported on the edge side.

[0105] The cloud-side collaboration of the present invention is a fast and reliable fault handling strategy for the distribution network based on the coordinated cooperation of centralized intelligence and distributed intelligence on the cloud side. It aggregates edge-side fault analysis and isolation information, comprehensively analyzes the medium-voltage signals of the main network and distribution network, and optimizes the operation mode with the help of the computing power of the edge side to obtain the optimal power supply restoration strategy.

[0106] Generally, in cloud-edge collaboration, each edge node transmits the processed relevant data and calculation results to the cloud master. The cloud master uses big data and other related technologies to analyze and process the data sent by each edge device. At the same time, the cloud master delegates the analyzed calculation results and scheduling arrangements to each edge node, and the edge node adjusts its own scheduling plan accordingly.

[0107] When implementing it, Figure 5 As shown, in step 3, the cloud side determines the whole line fault based on the station signal of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should be de-energized in theory, and conducts a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault based on the medium-voltage signal and the actual installation situation of the edge-side terminal and the actual de-energized distribution transformer signal, including:

[0108] 1) Power outage of the entire line: Based on the in-station signals and judgment logic of the distribution automation, the power outage of the entire line is determined, and the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically is recorded.

[0109] The on-site terminal uploads the detected distribution network fault information to the distribution automation master station in real time. The distribution automation master station quickly collects the real-time operation information of the distribution network collected in the area. The master station determines whether it is a power-on of the entire line fault according to the real-time topology structure of the distribution network and the relevant reference information of the distribution network fault status. According to the topological relationship in the distribution automation system and the status and fault signals uploaded by the switches, the distribution transformers that should lose power and be affected upstream and downstream theoretically can be deduced, and the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically is recorded, which contains fault equipment and time information.

[0110] 2) Branch line fault: On the branch line with complete automation coverage, the branch line fault can be directly determined based on the fault judgment information of the distribution automation master station; however, the automation coverage of many branch line switches is not complete, and the distribution automation system cannot determine the branch fault based on the existing signals. It is necessary to rely on the distribution transformer power loss signal sent by the distribution transformer and use the reverse calculation strategy to determine the branch line fault, that is, if the automation coverage of the branch line switch is not complete, rely on the distribution transformer power loss signal and use the reverse calculation strategy to determine the branch line fault.

[0111] 3) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage fault: According to the medium-voltage fault signal uploaded by the distribution transformer, the fault equipment and time are judged. If it matches the power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage fault.

[0112] 4) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage operation plan: According to the power outage plan of the power grid system, the fault equipment and time are judged. If it matches the planned power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage operation plan; through 3) and 4), the power outage of the entire line fault can be further classified.

[0113] 5) Single distribution transformer power outage: Based on the distribution transformer power loss signal forwarded by the user acquisition device and the distribution transformer power loss signal sent by the edge side, if it is analyzed that the upstream of the distribution transformer is energized, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage.

[0114] The cloud-edge collaboration of the present invention further includes: Topology distribution:

[0115] Some devices do not support the topology automatic recognition function. At this time, in order to realize the edge-side fault determination, it is necessary to distribute the topology description file from the cloud side to the edge side.

[0116] A low-voltage fault comprehensive analysis and judgment system for a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration, including a low-voltage substation power outage event determination module, a signal upload module, and a fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module;

[0117] A low-voltage substation power outage event determination module, which is used to identify the topology of the low-voltage substation on the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and determine the low-voltage substation power outage event according to the low-voltage substation topology relationship, power loss and switch signals;

[0118] A signal uploading module, which is used to collect power outage events on the edge side according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration and upload signals to the cloud side;

[0119] A fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module, which is used for the cloud side to determine the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of the distribution automation, record the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combine the medium-voltage signals and the signals uploaded from the edge side to conduct a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault.

[0120] A terminal, including a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0121] The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method.

[0122] A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method are implemented.

[0123] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art:

[0124] With cloud-edge collaboration as the core, the computing power on the edge side is utilized to share the computing pressure. After forming a preliminary determination conclusion on the edge side, a comprehensive analysis and judgment combining medium-voltage signals is carried out on the cloud side. The on-site terminal uploads the detected distribution network fault information to the distribution automation master station in real time. The distribution automation master station quickly collects the real-time operation information of the distribution network collected in the area, and the master station judges whether it is a whole-line fault and energized according to the real-time topology of the distribution network and the relevant reference information on the distribution network fault status, and locates the fault according to a certain algorithm. The edge side will identify the topology of the low-voltage substation, and according to the low-voltage substation topology relationship, medium-low voltage power loss and switch signals, use the reverse calculation fault logic, that is, according to the power outage signals of downstream devices, to reverse the tripping of upstream related switches to determine the low-voltage substation power outage event; then according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side conducts the collection and signal uploading of power outage events; finally, the cloud side determines the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should lose power theoretically, and combines the actual installation situation of the edge-side terminal and the actual power outage signals of the distribution transformers to conduct a comprehensive analysis and judgment of the low-voltage fault, and further judge the power outage events misreported, missed reported and reported late on the edge side.

[0125] The whole process involves multiple interactions and collaborations between the cloud and the edge, creating a new method for low-voltage fault analysis and judgment that makes full use of cloud-edge resources. This method can not only solve the low-efficiency problem caused by processing all analysis and judgment logics at the master station but also solve the problem of incomplete information brought about by all in-situ processing, enabling rapid location and handling of low-voltage faults in the low-voltage power grid.

[0126] The present disclosure can be a system, a method, and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having thereon computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0127] A computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as a punched card or raised structures in grooves having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage medium as used herein is not construed as an instantaneous signal itself, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagated through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., an optical pulse through an optical fiber cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0128] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from the computer-readable storage medium to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device through a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network may include a copper transmission cable, an optical fiber transmission, a wireless transmission, a router, a firewall, a switch, a gateway computer, and / or an edge server. A network adapter or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0129] Computer program instructions for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine - related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state - setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object - oriented programming languages such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer - readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as a stand - alone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, by using the state information of the computer - readable program instructions to customize an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field - programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), the electronic circuit can execute the computer - readable program instructions to implement various aspects of the present disclosure. The applicant of the present invention has made a detailed description and illustration of the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the above - mentioned embodiments are only the preferred implementation schemes of the present invention, and the detailed description is only to help the reader better understand the spirit of the present invention, rather than a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. On the contrary, any improvement or modification made based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Identify the topology structure of the low-voltage area at the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network. Determine the power outage event of the low-voltage area according to the topological relationship of the low-voltage area, power loss and switch signals. Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1.1: Identify the topology structure of the low-voltage area by sending / receiving two-way signals with device identification information attached up and down the power line; Step 1.2: Based on the topology structure of the low-voltage area, obtain the relationship between the distribution transformer and users in the low-voltage area, and the topological relationship between switches and meters. Monitor the power loss and switch signals of the low-voltage area; Step 1.3: According to the topological relationship and signals in Step 1.2, determine the power outage event of the low-voltage area based on the reverse calculation fault logic; Step 2: According to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side aggregates the power outage events and sends signals to the cloud side; Step 3: The cloud side determines the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of the distribution automation, records the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, and combines the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent by the edge side for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults. Specifically, it includes: 1) Whole-line fault power outage: Determine the whole-line fault power outage according to the in-station signals of the distribution automation and the judgment logic, and record the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power; 2) Branch line fault: In the branch line with complete automation coverage, directly determine the branch line fault according to the fault judgment information of the distribution automation master station; if the automation coverage of the branch line switch is incomplete, use the power loss signal of the distribution transformer sent by the edge side and use the reverse calculation strategy to determine the branch line fault; 3) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage fault: According to the medium-voltage fault signal uploaded by the distribution transformer, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage fault; 4) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage operation plan: According to the power outage plan of the power grid system, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the planned power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage operation plan; 5) Single distribution transformer power outage: Based on the power loss signal of the distribution transformer forwarded by the user acquisition device and the power loss signal of the distribution transformer sent by the edge side, if it is analyzed that the upstream of the distribution transformer is energized, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage.

2. The method for comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 1.1, power frequency topology identification modules are installed upstream and downstream of the power line. The upstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the downstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the downstream signal; the downstream power frequency topology identification module sends signals, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives signals, which is the upstream signal; The downstream power frequency topology identification module superimposes a current pulse signal on the line current, and forms a sending signal with the identification information of the attached device. The sending signal is transmitted through the power line to the upstream power frequency topology identification module, and the upstream power frequency topology identification module receives the signal and analyzes the device identification in the sending signal; Based on the device identification, obtain the topology structure of the low-voltage area including five-level devices of distribution transformer-outlet switch-branch box switch-meter box-meter.

3. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following modulation characteristics of the current pulse signal: The energy of the useful signal is concentrated in the frequency range of 200 Hz to 600 Hz; It is modulated at the load current corresponding to within 30° before and after the voltage zero crossing; It is represented by a controllable current pulse signal sequence.

4. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.1, the on-site equipment on the edge side can also obtain the low-voltage substation area topology structure by the cloud side sending the topology description files of all equipment to the edge side.

5. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.2, based on the user locations and feeder hierarchical relationships in the low-voltage substation area topology structure, obtain the relationships between users and transformers, switches and electricity meters, branch boxes and electricity meters, outgoing line switches and electricity meters, and distribution transformers and electricity meters; Monitor the distribution transformer power loss signal, outgoing line switch position change signal, branch box switch position change signal, branch box switch tripping signal, and electricity meter power loss signal.

6. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.3, if the distribution transformer power loss signal is monitored, it is determined that the distribution transformer is out of power; If the outgoing line switch position change signal is monitored, it is determined that the low-voltage outgoing line is out of power; If the branch switch tripping signal is monitored, it is determined that the low-voltage branch is out of power; After the electricity meter power loss signal is monitored, combined with the topological relationship, determine low-voltage single-household power outage or low-voltage multi-household power outage; When the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, reuse the reverse calculation fault logic to determine the low-voltage substation area power outage event.

7. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or the switch signal is lost, and the reverse calculation fault logic is reused to determine the low-voltage substation area power outage event, specifically including: In the low-voltage substation area, the signals are sent upward level by level along the topology in the order of electricity meter - meter box - branch box switch - outgoing line switch - distribution transformer, and finally reach the cloud side; When the distribution transformer power loss signal is lost or cannot be sent upward, based on the power loss signal sent by the electricity meter downstream of the distribution transformer, reverse calculate the distribution transformer power outage event; When the switch signal is lost or the monitoring and acquisition conditions are not available, based on the power loss signal sent by the electricity meter downstream of the switch, reverse calculate the switch power outage event; The distribution transformer power outage event refers to a single distribution transformer power outage, and the switch power outage event includes low-voltage outgoing line power outage events and low-voltage branch power outage events.

8. The comprehensive analysis and judgment method for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, the edge side aggregates power outage events. When a distribution transformer power outage event and a meter power outage event are both determined to occur, the distribution transformer power outage event is sent to the cloud side; when a switch power outage event and a meter power outage event are both determined to occur, the switch power outage event is sent to the cloud side.

9. A comprehensive analysis and judgment system for low-voltage faults in a distribution network based on cloud-edge collaboration, comprising a low-voltage substation power outage event determination module, a signal sending module, and a fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module, characterized in that: The low-voltage substation power outage event determination module is used to identify the topology structure of the low-voltage substation on the edge side of the low-voltage part of the distribution network, and determine the low-voltage substation power outage event according to the topology relationship of the low-voltage substation, power loss and switch signals. Specifically, it includes: identifying the topology structure of the low-voltage substation by sending / receiving two-way signals with attached device identification information upstream and downstream of the power line; obtaining the relationship between the distribution transformer and users in the low-voltage substation, and the topology relationship between switches and meters based on the topology structure of the low-voltage substation, and monitoring the power loss and switch signals of the low-voltage substation; determining the low-voltage substation power outage event based on the topology relationship and signals, and based on the reverse calculation fault logic. The signal sending module is used to aggregate power outage events on the edge side according to the rules of cloud-edge collaboration, and send signals to the cloud side. The fault comprehensive analysis and judgment module is used for the cloud side to determine the whole-line fault based on the in-station signals of distribution automation, record the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, and combine the medium-voltage signals and the signals sent from the edge side to conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment of low-voltage faults. Specifically, it includes: 1) Whole-line fault power outage: Determine the whole-line fault power outage based on the in-station signals of distribution automation and the judgment logic, and record the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power. 2) Branch line fault: In a branch line with complete automation coverage, directly determine the branch line fault based on the fault judgment information of the distribution automation master station; if the automation coverage of the branch line switch is incomplete, use the power loss signal of the distribution transformer sent from the edge side and use the reverse calculation strategy to determine the branch line fault. 3) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage fault: According to the medium-voltage fault signal uploaded by the distribution transformer, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage fault. 4) Single distribution transformer power outage caused by medium-voltage operation plan: According to the power outage plan of the power grid system, judge the faulty equipment and time. If it matches the planned power outage information of the distribution transformer in the list of distribution transformers that should theoretically lose power, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage caused by a medium-voltage operation plan. 5) Single distribution transformer power outage: Based on the power loss signal of the distribution transformer forwarded by the user acquisition device and the power loss signal of the distribution transformer sent from the edge side, if it is analyzed that the upstream of the distribution transformer is energized, it is determined as a single distribution transformer power outage.

10. A terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions. The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8 are implemented.

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