Cable Insulation Pyrolysis Product Sampling Device and Sampling Method

Abstract

Cable insulation layer pyrolysis product sampling device and sampling method, which relate to the research on cable fires and are used to collect different pyrolysis products at different stages of cable combustion. It includes a mounting plate, a gas collection component and a solid collection component. The gas collection components are multiple and arranged along the arc direction of the mounting plate. The gas collection component includes a collection tube, a piston and an electric telescopic rod. The collection tube and the electric telescopic rod are both fixed on the mounting plate. The piston is fixed at the end of the electric telescopic rod and is located inside the collection tube. The end of the collection tube has a collection part. The solid collection component includes a slider, a swing rod, a swing unit and a clamping unit. The slider is slidably connected to the mounting plate. The swing unit is located on the mounting plate to drive the slider to move. There are two swing rods. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the slider. The clamping unit is located on the slider to drive the two swing rods to approach or separate. The other end of the swing rod has cutting teeth. The present invention can collect gas pyrolysis products and solid pyrolysis products during cable combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable fire research, and specifically to a sampling device and sampling method for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layers. Background Art

[0002] Among the types of electrical fires, wires and cables rank first in the number of fire origins. In the issue of preventing electrical fires, it is of great significance to achieve early warning before the cables in the duct catch fire. At present, there has been a lack of effective means for early warning of cable fires. Traditional electrical fire monitoring methods generally rely on smoke detection and cannot issue early warning signals before a fire occurs. Research has found that the pyrolysis characteristics of cable insulation materials have a direct impact on cable fires. Therefore, studying the pyrolysis characteristics of cable insulation materials is of great significance for early warning of cable fires. The pyrolysis products during cable combustion include solid products and gas products. Collecting the pyrolysis products of cable combustion is conducive to studying the pyrolysis characteristics of cables. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sampling device and sampling method for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layers, which are used to collect different pyrolysis products at different stages of cable combustion.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A sampling device for pyrolysis products of a cable insulation layer includes a mounting plate, a gas collection component, and a solid collection component. The mounting plate is of a C-shaped structure. The gas collection components are multiple and arranged along the arc direction of the mounting plate. Each gas collection component includes a collection tube, a piston, an electric telescopic rod, and a locking unit. One end of the collection tube is fixed on the inner side wall of the mounting plate, the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the outer side wall of the mounting plate, the piston is fixed at the end of the electric telescopic rod and is located inside the collection tube. The other end of the collection tube has a collection part, and the side wall of the collection tube has a locking unit that seals the collection part. The side wall of the other end of the collection tube has a discharge tube. The solid collection component includes a slider, a swing rod, a swing unit, and a clamping unit. The slider is slidably mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting plate along the arc direction, and the swing unit is located on the mounting plate to drive the movement of the slider. There are two swing rods. One end of each swing rod is hinged to the slider. The clamping unit is located on the slider to drive the two swing rods to approach or separate. The other end of the swing rod has an arc-shaped clamping groove, the inner wall of the clamping groove has cutting teeth, and the inner side of the other end of the swing rod has a conveying channel. One end of the conveying channel communicates with the clamping groove through a blanking hole. When the other ends of the two swing rods contact, the two clamping grooves enclose a complete circle for clamping the cable. The other end of the conveying channel penetrates the side wall of the swing rod, and the side wall of the swing rod has a collection box communicating with the conveying channel.

[0005] Further, the outer diameter of the collection part is smaller than the outer diameter of the collection tube, and the end of the piston has an inner plug. When the piston contacts the end of the other end of the collection tube, the inner plug extends into the collection part to block the collection part.

[0006] Further, the locking unit includes a fixed tube, a locking valve and a locking rod. The fixed tube is arranged radially along the collection part and fixedly connected to the collection part. A sliding rod is slidably installed in the fixed tube. One end of the sliding rod has a spherical locking valve. There is a closing spring between one end of the sliding rod and the upper side wall of the fixed tube. The other end of the sliding rod has a positioning hole. The locking valve blocks the inner cavity of the collection part under the action of the closing spring; the locking rod is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the collection tube and the sliding direction is parallel to the axial direction of the collection tube. When one end of the locking rod extends into the positioning hole, the locking valve opens the collection part; the other end of the locking rod is a driving part, and the driving part extends into the inner side of the collection tube after passing through the through hole on the side wall of the collection tube; when the piston moves towards one end of the collection tube, it pushes the driving part to move so that one end of the locking rod moves out of the positioning hole.

[0007] Further, the outer wall of the collection tube has a guide block. A part of the locking rod is located in the guide block, and there is a locking spring between the inner wall of the guide block and a part of the locking rod. Under the action of the locking spring, one end of the locking rod extends into the positioning hole to keep relatively fixed with the sliding rod.

[0008] Further, the slider is of an arc-shaped structure, and the inner side wall of the slider has a mounting groove, and one end of the swing rod extends into the mounting groove.

[0009] Further, the swinging unit includes a collection gear. The collection gear is rotatably installed on the mounting plate. The outer wall of the slider has external teeth, and the collection gear meshes with the external teeth.

[0010] Further, the clamping unit includes clamping gears. The clamping gears are located at one end of the swing rods, and the clamping gears on the two swing rods are meshed.

[0011] The present invention also provides a sampling method for a sampling device of pyrolysis products of a cable insulating layer, including the following steps:

[0012] (1) Move the cable into the inner side of the mounting plate so that the cable is at the axis position of the mounting plate, and ignite the cable;

[0013] (2) At different stages of the cable combustion, move the mounting plate to the ignition point, and drive the collection tube to inhale the gas pyrolysis products generated by the cable combustion through the electric telescopic rod;

[0014] (3) Drive the other end of the swing rod to clamp the cable at the ignition point through the clamping unit, and then drive the swing rod to move along the mounting plate through the swinging unit, and cut off the solid pyrolysis products on the outer skin of the cable at the ignition point through the cutting teeth.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) Through the present invention, the gas pyrolysis products and solid pyrolysis products at the same stage during the combustion of the cable can be collected.

[0017] (2) When collecting the gas pyrolysis products, there are no impurity gases in the collection tube, and the gas pyrolysis products are inhaled by the movement of the piston; when collecting the solid pyrolysis products, the solid pyrolysis products are rubbed off by the movement of the swing rod, without affecting the continuous combustion of the cable.

[0018] (3) Through the setting of multiple gas collection components, gas sampling can be carried out at different positions around the cable at the same stage to ensure the accuracy of sampling; different gas collection components can also be used to sample at different stages of cable combustion. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the front view of the gas collection component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view of

[0022] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional view of the collection tube;

[0023] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of the collection tube;

[0024] Figure 6 is the assembly drawing of the collection tube and the locking rod;

[0025] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional view of the mounting plate;

[0026] Figure 8 is the front view of the solid collection component;

[0027] Figure 9 is the assembly schematic diagram of the two swing rods;

[0028] Figure 10 is the schematic diagram when the two swing rods are separated;

[0029] Figure 11 is the assembly drawing of the slider and the collection gear;

[0030] Figure 12 is the perspective view of the swing rod;

[0031] Figure 13 is the side view of the swing rod;

[0032] Figure 14Schematic diagram for sampling gas pyrolysis products;

[0033] In the figure: 1 mounting plate, 11 pipe mounting holes, 12 telescopic rod mounting holes, 2 collection pipe, 21 external thread, 22 through hole, 23 collection part, 24 fixed pipe, 25 slide bar, 251 positioning hole, 252 spring plate, 26 guide block, 261 side hole, 262 spring cavity, 27 closing spring, 27′ locking spring, 28 locking valve, 29 pipe joint, 3 locking rod, 31 driving part, 4 electric telescopic rod, 41 piston, 42 inner plug, 5 discharge pipe, 6 swing rod, 61 clamping groove, 62 cutting teeth, 63 clamping gear, 64 collection box, 65 blanking hole, 66 conveying channel, 7 slider, 71 mounting groove, 72 external teeth, 8 collection gear, 9 cable, 91 flame. Detailed implementation mode

[0034] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, the collection device of the present invention includes a mounting plate 1, a gas collection component and a solid collection component. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the sampling device for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layer includes a mounting plate 1, a gas collection component and a solid collection component. As Figure 7 shown, the mounting plate 1 is a C-shaped structure, and multiple gas collection components are arranged along the arc direction of the mounting plate 1. The gas collection component includes a collection pipe 2, a piston 41, an electric telescopic rod 4 and a locking unit. One end of the collection pipe 2 is fixed on the inner side wall of the mounting plate 1, the electric telescopic rod 4 is fixed on the outer side wall of the mounting plate 1, the piston 41 is fixed at the end of the electric telescopic rod 4 and is located inside the collection pipe 2. The other end of the collection pipe 2 has a collection part 23, and the side wall of the collection pipe 2 has a locking unit that blocks the collection part 23. The side wall of the other end of the collection pipe 2 has a discharge pipe 5; As Figures 8 to 13 shown, the solid collection component includes a slider 7, a swing rod 6, a swinging unit and a clamping unit. As Figure 1 shown, the slider 7 is slidably mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting plate 1 along the arc direction, and the swinging unit is located on the mounting plate 1 to drive the movement of the slider 7; There are two swing rods 6, one end of the swing rod 6 is hinged to the slider 7, and the clamping unit is located on the slider 7 to drive the two swing rods 6 to approach or separate. The other end of the swing rod 6 has an arc-shaped clamping groove 61, the inner wall of the clamping groove 61 has cutting teeth 62, and the inner side of the other end of the swing rod 6 has a conveying channel 66. One end of the conveying channel 66 is communicated with the clamping groove 61 through a blanking hole 65. When the other ends of the two swing rods 6 contact, the two clamping grooves 61 enclose a complete circle for clamping the cable; The other end of the conveying channel 66 penetrates the side wall of the swing rod 6. As Figure 13 shown, and the side wall of the swing rod 6 has a collection box 64 communicated with the conveying channel 66.

[0036] The usage method of the present invention is described as follows:

[0037] When it is necessary to collect the pyrolysis products of the cable, pass the cable through the notch of the mounting plate 1 so that the cable moves into the inner side of the mounting plate 1, as Figure 14 shown, and keep the cable as much as possible at the axis position of the mounting plate 1. Move the mounting plate 1 to the ignition point of the cable. At this time, the flame 91 of the burning cable 9 is close to the collection part 23. Actuate the electric telescopic rod 4 to drive the piston 41 to move in the collection tube 2, and then suck the gas near the ignition point of the cable into the collection tube 2. When it is necessary to collect the solid pyrolysis products, drive the open swing rod 6 to close through the clamping unit, and then clamp the cable 9 through the two clamping grooves 61. When the swing unit drives the slider 7 to move, the cutting teeth 62 at the other end of the swing rod 6 rub the outer wall of the cable 9, and then rub off the solid pyrolysis products. The rubbed-off solid pyrolysis products enter the conveying channel 66 through the material dropping hole 65, and then roll along the conveying channel 66 into the collection box 64. Through the above method, the collection and collection of gas pyrolysis products and solid pyrolysis products are realized. After collecting the gas pyrolysis products and solid pyrolysis products, draw out the gas pyrolysis products through the discharge pipe 5 to obtain the gas pyrolysis products, and remove the collection box 64 to obtain the solid pyrolysis products.

[0038] As Figure 4 shown, for the convenience of sealing the collection part 23, the outer diameter of the collection part 23 is smaller than the outer diameter of the collection tube 2, as Figure 3 shown. The end of the piston 41 has an inner plug 42. When the piston 4 contacts the other end of the collection tube 2, the inner plug 42 extends into the collection part 23 to block the collection part 23. At this time, there is no impurity air in the collection tube 2 and the collection part 23. When driving the piston 41 to move in the collection tube 2, the air sucked into the collection tube 2 is pure gas pyrolysis products.

[0039] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown, the locking unit includes a fixed tube 24, a locking valve 28 and a locking rod 3. The fixed tube 24 is arranged radially along the collection part 23 and is fixedly connected to the collection part 23. A sliding rod 25 is slidably installed in the fixed tube 24. One end of the sliding rod 25 has a spherical locking valve 28. There is a closing spring 27 between one end of the sliding rod 25 and the upper side wall of the fixed tube 24. The other end of the sliding rod 25 has a positioning hole 251. Under the action of the closing spring 27, the locking valve 28 blocks the inner cavity of the collection part 23. The locking rod 3 is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the collection tube 2 and the sliding direction is parallel to the axial direction of the collection tube 2. When one end of the locking rod 3 extends into the positioning hole 251, the compression amount of the closing spring 27 is the largest. At this time, the locking valve 28 enters the fixed tube 24 to open the collection part 23. The other end of the locking rod 3 is a driving part 31, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the driving part 31 is vertically arranged with the locking rod 3. The driving part 31 passes through the through hole 22 on the side wall of the collection tube 2 and extends into the inner side of the collection tube 2. When the piston 41 moves towards one end of the collection tube 2, it pushes the driving part 31 to move, causing one end of the locking rod 3 to move out of the positioning hole 251. At this time, under the action of the closing spring 27, the locking valve 28 is pushed into the collection part 23 to block the collection part 23. For the convenience of installation, a spring plate 252 is fixed on the outer wall of one end of the sliding rod 25. One end of the closing spring 27 is fixedly connected with the spring plate 252, and the other end of the closing spring 27 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixed tube 24, and the closing spring 27 is located outside the sliding rod 25. Under the action of the closing spring 27, the locking valve 28 blocks the collection part 23. At this time, the positioning hole 251 is located in the fixed tube 24, and a part of the sliding rod 25 extends out of the fixed tube 24, which is convenient for manually pulling the locking valve 28 at one end of the sliding rod 25 back into the fixed tube 24 and pulling the positioning hole 251 out of the fixed tube 24. For the convenience of the sliding installation of the locking rod 3, the outer wall of the collection tube 2 has a guide block 26. A part of the locking rod 3 is located in the guide block 26, and there is a locking spring 27' between the inner wall of the guide block 26 and a part of the locking rod 3. Under the action of the locking spring 27', one end of the locking rod 3 extends into the positioning hole 251 to keep relatively fixed with the sliding rod 25. As Figure 5 shown, the side wall of the guide block 26 has a side hole 261 with the same shape as the locking rod 3. The inner wall of the side hole 261 contacts the outer wall of the locking rod 3. The inner side of the guide block 26 is a spring cavity 262 for installing the locking spring 27'. Pull out a section of the sliding rod 25 from the fixed tube 24 so that the positioning hole 251 is exposed from the fixed tube 24. Insert one end of the locking rod 3 into the positioning hole 251. Under the action of the locking spring 27', one end of the locking rod 3 remains relatively fixed with the positioning hole 251. At this time, the locking valve 28 remains relatively fixed in the fixed tube 24, and further the collection part 23 is in an open state. The piston 41 pushes the driving part 31 to move, causing one end of the locking rod 3 to extend into the positioning hole 251. At this time, under the action of the closing spring 27, the locking valve 28 blocks the collection part 23, thereby avoiding the leakage of the gas pyrolysis products collected in the collection tube 2.

[0040] As Figure 7 shown, the slider 7 has an arc-shaped structure. The inner side wall of the slider 7 has an installation groove 71. One end of the swing rod 6 extends into the installation groove 71 and is hinged with the slider 7. As Figure 11 shown, the swing unit includes a collection gear 8. The collection gear 8 is rotatably installed on the mounting plate 1. The outer wall of the slider 7 has a groove, and the inner wall of the groove has external teeth 72. The collection gear 8 meshes with the external teeth 72. When the collection gear 8 rotates, it drives the slider 7 to move along the inner wall of the mounting plate 1, that is, to swing around the center of the slider 7. As Figure 12As shown in the figure, the clamping unit includes a clamping gear 63, which is located at one end of the swing rod 6, and the clamping gears 63 on the two swing rods 6 are meshed. One of the clamping gears 63 is the driving wheel. When this clamping gear 63 rotates, the other clamping gear 63 rotates in the opposite direction, and thus the swinging directions of the two swing rods 6 are always opposite. When the two swing rods 6 swing, they move away from or close to each other. As Figure 10 shown in the figure, when the two swing rods 6 move away from each other, the swing rods 6 are in an open state. When collecting the solid pyrolysis products, the swing rods 6 should be opened first. When it is necessary to collect the solid pyrolysis products, such as Figure 9 shown in the figure, close the swing rods 6. At this time, the cable 9 extends between the two clamping grooves 61, and the cutting teeth 62 on the inner wall of the clamping groove 61 contact the outer skin of the cable 9.

[0041] For the convenience of installation, as Figure 3 shown in the figure, the side wall of the collection tube 2 has a pipe joint 29, and the pipe joint 29 is communicated with the inner cavity of the collection tube 2. The pipe joint 29 is threadedly connected to the discharge pipe 5, and thus the assembly between the collection tube 2 and the discharge pipe 5 is realized. A pressure valve and a check valve are arranged in the discharge pipe 5. When the collection tube 2 sucks air, the external air cannot enter the collection tube 2 through the discharge pipe 5, and the gaseous pyrolysis products in the collection tube 2 cannot be discharged through the discharge pipe 5 either. Or a pipe cap is installed at the end of the discharge pipe 5 to seal the discharge pipe 5. As Figure 4 shown in the figure, one end of the collection tube 2 has an external thread 21, as Figure 7 shown in the figure, the collection tube 2 is connected to the pipe installation hole 11 on the inner wall of the installation plate 1 through the external thread 21. An expansion rod installation hole 12 is provided on the outer wall of the installation plate 1, and one end of the electric expansion rod 4 is fixed in the expansion rod installation hole 12.

[0042] The present invention also provides a sampling method for the pyrolysis products of the cable insulation layer, including the following steps:

[0043] (1) Move the cable into the inner side of the installation plate so that the cable is located on the axis of the installation plate, and ignite the cable;

[0044] (2) At different stages of the cable combustion, move the installation plate to the ignition point, and drive the collection tube to suck air through the electric expansion rod to suck the gaseous pyrolysis products generated by the cable combustion;

[0045] (3) Drive the other end of the swing rod to clamp the cable at the ignition point through the clamping unit, and then drive the swing rod to move along the installation plate through the swinging unit, and cut off the solid pyrolysis products on the outer skin of the cable at the ignition point through the cutting teeth.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: With the present invention, it is possible to collect gas pyrolysis products and solid pyrolysis products at the same stage during the combustion of the cable. When collecting gas pyrolysis products, there are no impurity gases in the collection tube, and the gas pyrolysis products are sucked in by the movement of the piston. When collecting solid pyrolysis products, the solid pyrolysis products are rubbed off by the movement of the swing rod without affecting the continuous combustion of the cable. Through the setting of multiple gas collection components, gas sampling can be carried out at different positions around the cable at the same stage to ensure the accuracy of sampling. It is also possible to use different gas collection components to carry out sampling at different stages of cable combustion.

Claims

1. Sampling device for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layer, characterized in that, It includes a mounting plate, a gas collection component and a solid collection component. The mounting plate is of a C-shaped structure. A plurality of gas collection components are arranged along the arc direction of the mounting plate. The gas collection component includes a collection pipe, a piston, an electric telescopic rod and a locking unit. One end of the collection pipe is fixed on the inner side wall of the mounting plate, the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the outer side wall of the mounting plate, the piston is fixed at the end of the electric telescopic rod and is located inside the collection pipe. The other end of the collection pipe has a collection part, and the side wall of the collection pipe has a locking unit which blocks the collection part. The side wall of the other end of the collection pipe has a discharge pipe. The solid collection component includes a slider, a swing rod, a swing unit and a clamping unit. The slider is slidably mounted on the inner side wall of the mounting plate along the arc direction, and the swing unit is located on the mounting plate to drive the movement of the slider. There are two swing rods. One end of each swing rod is hinged to the slider. The clamping unit is located on the slider to drive the two swing rods to approach or separate. The other end of the swing rod has an arc-shaped clamping groove, and the inner wall of the clamping groove has cutting teeth. The inner side of the other end of the swing rod has a conveying channel. One end of the conveying channel is communicated with the clamping groove through a blanking hole. When the other ends of the two swing rods contact, the two clamping grooves enclose a complete circle for clamping the cable. The other end of the conveying channel penetrates the side wall of the swing rod, and the side wall of the swing rod has a collection box communicated with the conveying channel.

2. The sampling device for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layer according to claim 1, wherein The outer diameter of the collection part is smaller than that of the collection pipe. The end of the piston has an inner plug. When the piston end contacts the other end of the collection pipe, the inner plug extends into the collection part to block the collection part.

3. The sampling device for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layer according to claim 1, wherein The locking unit includes a fixed pipe, a locking valve and a locking rod. The fixed pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the collection part and is fixedly connected with the collection part. A sliding rod is slidably mounted in the fixed pipe. One end of the sliding rod has a spherical locking valve. There is a closing spring between one end of the sliding rod and the upper side wall of the fixed pipe. The other end of the sliding rod has a positioning hole. Under the action of the closing spring, the locking valve blocks the inner cavity of the collection part. The locking rod is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the collection pipe and the sliding direction is parallel to the axial direction of the collection pipe. When one end of the locking rod extends into the positioning hole, the locking valve opens the collection part. The other end of the locking rod is a driving part, and the driving part extends into the inner side of the collection pipe after passing through the through hole on the side wall of the collection pipe. When the piston moves towards one end of the collection pipe, it pushes the driving part to move so that one end of the locking rod moves out of the positioning hole.

4. The cable insulation layer pyrolysis product sampling device according to claim 3, wherein, The outer wall of the collection pipe has a guiding block. A part of the locking rod is located in the guiding block, and there is a locking spring between the inner wall of the guiding block and a part of the locking rod. Under the action of the locking spring, one end of the locking rod extends into the positioning hole to keep relatively fixed with the sliding rod.

5. The sampling device for pyrolysis products of the cable insulating layer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slider is of a circular arc structure, and the inner side wall of the slider has a mounting groove. One end of the swing rod extends into the mounting groove.

6. The sampling device for pyrolysis products of cable insulation layer according to claim 1, wherein, The swing unit includes a collection gear. The collection gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate. The outer wall of the slider has external teeth, and the collection gear meshes with the external teeth.

7. The cable insulation layer pyrolysis product sampling device according to claim 6, wherein The clamping unit includes a clamping gear. The clamping gear is located at one end of the swing rod, and the clamping gears on the two swing rods are meshed.

8. The sampling method of the sampling device for the pyrolysis products of the cable insulation layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Move the cable inside the mounting plate so that the cable is in the axial position of the mounting plate, and ignite the cable; (2) At different stages of the cable combustion, move the mounting plate to the ignition point, and drive the sampling tube to inhale the pyrolysis products of the gas generated by the cable combustion through the electric telescopic rod; (3) Drive the other end of the swing rod to clamp the cable at the ignition point through the clamping unit, and then drive the swing rod to move along the mounting plate through the swing unit, and cut off the solid pyrolysis products of the outer skin of the cable at the ignition point through the cutting teeth.

Images