Simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS

Abstract

This invention relates to a simulation and testing system based on RTDS for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection, belonging to the field of relay protection testing technology. The invention addresses the problem that existing electronic instrument transformer simulations cannot verify the correctness of the simulation model, thus hindering the testing of its impact on relay protection devices. It includes three current / voltage test signals: one directly output as a reference signal, one signal passing through the electronic instrument transformer model, and one signal passing through the electronic instrument transformer prototype. The latter two signals are analyzed using a network message analyzer to correct the electronic instrument transformer model, ensuring that the model and prototype have the same transmission characteristics. The first two signals are then fed into the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, used to analyze the impact of the electronic instrument transformer model on the relay protection device. This invention is used for testing the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers based on RTDS on relay protection, belonging to the field of relay protection testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Instrument transformers are indispensable measuring devices in power systems, achieving electrical isolation between primary and secondary systems. They transform high currents or high voltages on the high-voltage side into low currents or low voltages on the low-voltage side, providing the necessary current and voltage information for power system relay protection, energy metering, and measurement control. For a long time, high-quality instrument transformers have been a focus of attention and research in the global power engineering and scientific communities. With the construction of a unified, robust, and intelligent power grid characterized by informatization, digitalization, automation, and interactivity, and the development of new power systems, the voltage and current signals of future power grids will exhibit broadband characteristics. Traditional instrument transformers, due to their inherent sensing mechanisms, are difficult to adapt to the needs of modern power grid construction. Electronic instrument transformers, with their advantages of good insulation performance, wide measurement bandwidth, and large dynamic range, have become an ideal replacement for traditional instrument transformers.

[0003] Digital simulation testing based on RTDS has gradually become the mainstream method for relay protection testing in smart substations due to its relative flexibility in modeling. A digital simulation system is built on a simulation software platform to perform dynamic real-time simulation of the power system. The current / voltage signals required for relay protection device testing are output via a communication card, converted from analog to digital and then amplified before being sent to the relay protection device under test for real-time testing. The RTDS RSCAD software package provides numerous power system component models. Users can easily create power system simulation models for testing based on these components. Simultaneously, by compiling the model using RSCAD, uploading the compiled program, and controlling the simulation's operation and shutdown, simulation result analysis can be completed quickly. As an indispensable connection device between the primary and secondary electrical circuits in a power system, the accuracy of the transformer models in RTDS in reflecting the steady-state and transient characteristics of transformers in the actual system has a significant impact on protection device testing. Currently, the RTDS component library only includes three conventional transformer models: electromagnetic voltage transformers, capacitive voltage transformers, and current transformers. It lacks electronic transformer models, which cannot meet the needs of digital substation protection device testing.

[0004] Currently, research on the transmission characteristics of electronic instrument transformers mainly focuses on modeling and simulation analysis. However, the accuracy of these modeling and simulation analyses for electronic instrument transformers lacks effective verification methods. This is primarily because the greatest advantage of electronic instrument transformers lies in their transient measurement performance, and there are currently no good methods for transient testing of electronic instrument transformers. On the one hand, there is a lack of current / voltage test signals that can reflect the power grid under different operating conditions; on the other hand, there is also a lack of electronic instrument transformer prototypes with small current / voltage input signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing electronic instrument transformers cannot verify the correctness of the simulation model after modeling and simulation, and thus cannot test their impact on relay protection devices, this invention provides a simulation test system based on RTDS for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection.

[0006] The present invention provides a simulation test system for the impact of an electronic instrument transformer based on RTDS on relay protection, comprising an RTDS device, a power amplifier, a data acquisition unit, an electronic instrument transformer prototype, a data merging unit, a network message analyzer, and a relay protection device.

[0007] The RTDS device includes an RSCAD simulation model, an RTDS real-time simulator, a GTAO card, and a GTDI card;

[0008] The RSCAD simulation model includes a primary system model, a control model, and an electronic instrument transformer model built based on an electronic instrument transformer prototype.

[0009] The raw current / voltage test signal output from the primary system model is divided into a first signal and a second signal for transmission:

[0010] The transmission path of the first signal is as follows: after being transformed by the electronic transformer model, it is output, then output by the RTDS real-time simulator and GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output by the GTAO card is then transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the power amplifier and data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and relay protection device.

[0011] The transmission path of the second signal is as follows: it is output from the RTDS real-time emulator and the GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output from the GTAO card is then amplified by a power amplifier and divided into two separate signals. The two-way signal is used as a reference signal.

[0012] The transmission path of the second-line signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and the relay protection device.

[0013] The transmission path of the two-way signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding after being transformed by the electronic current transformer prototype, and then simultaneously sent to the network message analyzer and the relay protection device.

[0014] The network packet analyzer analyzes the first and second signals and corrects the electronic instrument transformer model based on the analysis results, so that the electronic instrument transformer model has the same transmission characteristics as the electronic instrument transformer prototype.

[0015] The action signal of the relay protection device is fed back to the control model via the GTDI card and RTDS real-time simulator, and then transmitted to the primary system model;

[0016] The reference signal and the first signal are sent to the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the impact of the electronic transformer model on the relay protection device.

[0017] According to the present invention, a simulation test system based on RTDS for the influence of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection is used to input a reference signal and two signals into the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the influence of the electronic instrument transformer prototype on the relay protection device.

[0018] According to the present invention, the simulation test system for the influence of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS compares the influence of electronic instrument transformer prototypes on relay protection devices and the influence of electronic instrument transformer models on relay protection devices, and further analyzes the matching degree of transmission characteristics between electronic instrument transformer models and electronic instrument transformer prototypes.

[0019] According to the simulation test system of the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS of the present invention, the original current / voltage test signal output by the primary system model is the current / voltage test signal under different operating conditions in the simulated power system scenario.

[0020] The simulation test system based on RTDS for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection according to the present invention uses the action signal fed back by the relay protection device for closed-loop testing of the simulation test system to assess the impact of subsequent disturbances in the primary system model on the relay protection device after a fault occurs.

[0021] According to the simulation test system of the impact of electronic current transformers on relay protection based on RTDS of the present invention, the data acquisition unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the input analog voltage signal and performs frame encoding according to the communication protocol of FT3 message format and sends it to the data merging unit.

[0022] According to the simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS of the present invention, the data merging unit performs frame encoding on the input data in accordance with the message data format of IEC 61850-9-2LE, and then sends it to the network message analyzer and the relay protection device.

[0023] According to the present invention, the simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS uses a network message analyzer to analyze the reference signal and two-way signals to obtain the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype.

[0024] According to the simulation test system for the impact of electronic current transformers on relay protection based on RTDS of the present invention, the prototype of the electronic current transformer is an electronic current transformer with a rated current of 1A / 5A and a small current signal input, and the sensing coil adopts a single multi-turn winding method; the prototype of the electronic current transformer includes a Rogowski coil electronic current transformer, an all-fiber current transformer, and a magneto-optical glass optical current transformer.

[0025] According to the present invention, the simulation test system for the impact of electronic current transformers on relay protection based on RTDS is provided. The prototype of the electronic current transformer is an electronic voltage transformer with a rated voltage of 100V and a small voltage signal input, including a resistive voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, a capacitive voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, and an optical voltage transformer.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the RTDS simulation platform to build a primary system simulation model of an electronic instrument transformer prototype with small current / voltage input signals. This model generates current / voltage test signals under different operating conditions to verify the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype and the correctness of the established electronic instrument transformer model. Based on verifying the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype, it also verifies the correctness of the electronic instrument transformer model built based on the prototype. Furthermore, by using the electronic instrument transformer as a current / voltage transmission link to conduct closed-loop testing on the impact of the electronic instrument transformer on relay protection, it is possible to analyze the impact of the electronic instrument transformer on the overall operating performance of smart substations, providing technical support for the selection of electronic instrument transformers for smart substations. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation test system for the impact of the electronic instrument transformer on relay protection as described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a physical diagram of the simulation test system for the impact of the electronic instrument transformer on relay protection described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] Specific Implementation Method 1: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS.

[0033] This includes an RTDS (Real Time Digital Simulator) device, a power amplifier, a data acquisition unit, an electronic instrument transformer prototype, a data merging unit, a network message analyzer, and a relay protection device.

[0034] The RTDS device includes an RSCAD (Real-time Simulator Computer Aided Design) simulation model, an RTDS real-time simulator, a GTAO (Gigabit Transceiver Analog Output) card, and a GTDI (Gigabit Transceiver Digital Input) card;

[0035] The RSCAD simulation model includes a primary system model, a control model, and an electronic instrument transformer model built based on an electronic instrument transformer prototype; the electronic instrument transformer model is used to simulate the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype.

[0036] The raw current / voltage test signal output from the primary system model is divided into a first signal and a second signal for transmission:

[0037] The transmission path of the first signal is as follows: after being transformed by the electronic transformer model, it is output, then output by the RTDS real-time simulator and GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output by the GTAO card is then transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the power amplifier and data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and relay protection device.

[0038] The transmission path of the second signal is as follows: it is output from the RTDS real-time emulator and the GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output from the GTAO card is then amplified by a power amplifier and divided into two separate signals. The two-way signal is used as a reference signal.

[0039] The transmission path of the second-line signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and the relay protection device.

[0040] The transmission path of the two-way signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding after being transformed by the electronic current transformer prototype, and then simultaneously sent to the network message analyzer and the relay protection device.

[0041] The network packet analyzer analyzes the first and second signals to test the correctness and usability of the electronic instrument transformer model. Based on the analysis results, the electronic instrument transformer model is corrected so that the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer model are the same as those of the prototype electronic instrument transformer.

[0042] The action signal of the relay protection device is fed back to the control model via the GTDI card and RTDS real-time simulator, and then transmitted to the primary system model;

[0043] The reference signal and the first signal are sent to the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the impact of the electronic transformer model on the relay protection device.

[0044] In this embodiment, RTDS stands for Real-time Digital Simulator. The raw current / voltage test signals output by the primary system model are current / voltage signals that do not consider the transmission error of the current transformer.

[0045] This implementation includes three current / voltage test signals: one is sent directly as a reference signal, one is a signal passing through an electronic instrument transformer model, and one is a signal passing through an electronic instrument transformer prototype. By using the electronic instrument transformer model and prototype as transmission links for current / voltage signals in the closed-loop test of relay protection, the impact of electronic instrument transformers on the overall operational performance of smart substations can be analyzed, providing technical support for the selection of electronic instrument transformers for smart substations.

[0046] Furthermore, the reference signal and the two-way signal are sent to the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the impact of the electronic instrument transformer prototype on the relay protection device.

[0047] Furthermore, by comparing the impact of the electronic instrument transformer prototype on the relay protection device and the impact of the electronic instrument transformer model on the relay protection device, the matching degree of the transmission characteristics between the electronic instrument transformer model and the electronic instrument transformer prototype is further analyzed.

[0048] The original current / voltage test signals output by the primary system model are current / voltage test signals under different operating conditions in a simulated power system scenario.

[0049] The control model receives the action signals fed back by the relay protection device and is used for closed-loop testing of the simulation test system. It can be used to assess the impact of subsequent disturbances in the primary system model on the relay protection device after a fault occurs.

[0050] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the input analog voltage signal and frames and encodes it according to the FT3 message format communication protocol before sending it to the data merging unit.

[0051] Furthermore, the data merging unit frames and encodes the input data according to the message data format of IEC 61850-9-2LE before sending it to the network message analyzer and relay protection device.

[0052] Furthermore, for the current / voltage signals generated by the primary system model under different operating conditions, the network message analyzer analyzes the reference signal and the two-way signal to obtain the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype.

[0053] As an example, the electronic current transformer prototype is an electronic current transformer with a rated current of 1A / 5A and a small current signal input. The sensing coil adopts a multi-turn winding method to improve the equivalent primary input current of the electronic current transformer and thus improve the measurement accuracy of the electronic current transformer. The electronic current transformer prototype includes a Rogowski coil electronic current transformer, an all-fiber optic current transformer, and a magneto-optical glass optical current transformer.

[0054] As an example, the electronic voltage transformer prototype is an electronic voltage transformer with a rated voltage of 100V and a small voltage signal input, including a resistive voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, a capacitive voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, and an optical voltage transformer.

[0055] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS, characterized in that, It includes RTDS devices, power amplifiers, data acquisition units, electronic instrument transformer prototypes, data merging units, network message analyzers, and relay protection devices; The RTDS device includes an RSCAD simulation model, an RTDS real-time simulator, a GTAO card, and a GTDI card; The RSCAD simulation model includes a primary system model, a control model, and an electronic instrument transformer model built based on an electronic instrument transformer prototype. The raw current / voltage test signal output from the primary system model is divided into a first signal and a second signal for transmission: The transmission path of the first signal is as follows: after being transformed by the electronic transformer model, it is output, then output by the RTDS real-time simulator and GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output by the GTAO card is then transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the power amplifier and data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and relay protection device. The transmission path of the second signal is as follows: it is output from the RTDS real-time emulator and the GTAO card. The analog voltage signal output from the GTAO card is then amplified by a power amplifier and divided into two separate signals. The two-way signal is used as a reference signal. The transmission path of the second-line signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding via the data acquisition unit, and then simultaneously sent to the network packet analyzer and the relay protection device. The transmission path of the two-way signal is as follows: the signal amplified by the power amplifier is transmitted to the data merging unit for framing and encoding after being transformed by the electronic current transformer prototype, and then simultaneously sent to the network message analyzer and the relay protection device. The network packet analyzer analyzes the first and second signals and corrects the electronic instrument transformer model based on the analysis results, so that the electronic instrument transformer model has the same transmission characteristics as the electronic instrument transformer prototype. The action signal of the relay protection device is fed back to the control model via the GTDI card and RTDS real-time simulator, and then transmitted to the primary system model; The reference signal and the first signal are sent to the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the impact of the electronic transformer model on the relay protection device.

2. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reference signal and the two-way signal are sent to the relay protection device to obtain two sets of protection characteristic parameters, which are used to analyze the impact of the electronic instrument transformer prototype on the relay protection device.

3. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 2, characterized in that, By comparing the impact of the electronic instrument transformer prototype on the relay protection device and the impact of the electronic instrument transformer model on the relay protection device, the matching degree of the transmission characteristics between the electronic instrument transformer model and the electronic instrument transformer prototype is further analyzed.

4. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The original current / voltage test signals output by the primary system model are current / voltage test signals under different operating conditions in a simulated power system scenario.

5. The simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The action signal fed back by the relay protection device is used for closed-loop testing of the simulation test system to assess the impact of subsequent disturbances in the primary system model on the relay protection device after a fault occurs.

6. The simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The data acquisition unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the input analog voltage signal and frames and encodes it according to the FT3 message format communication protocol before sending it to the data merging unit.

7. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The data merging unit frames and encodes the input data according to the message data format of IEC 61850-9-2LE, and then sends it to the network message analyzer and relay protection device.

8. The simulation test system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS according to claim 7, characterized in that, The network message analyzer analyzes the reference signal and the two-way signal to obtain the transmission characteristics of the electronic instrument transformer prototype.

9. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic current transformer prototype is an electronic current transformer with a rated current of 1A / 5A and a small current signal input. The sensing coil adopts a single-turn multi-turn winding method. The electronic current transformer prototype includes Rogowski coil electronic current transformer, all-fiber current transformer and magneto-optical glass optical current transformer.

10. The simulation and testing system for the impact of electronic instrument transformers on relay protection based on RTDS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prototype electronic voltage transformer is an electronic voltage transformer with a rated voltage of 100V and a small voltage signal input, including a resistance voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, a capacitance voltage divider type electronic voltage transformer, and an optical voltage transformer.

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