High-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method and system for expanding the excitation efficiency loop

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for collecting high-density three-dimensional seismic data by expanding and stimulating an "efficiency loop", which is characterized by the following steps: constructing an original efficiency loop according to the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the time interval and distance when the refracted wave of the subsequent shot catches up with the surface wave of the previous shot; selecting the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency loop to obtain an optimized sub-efficiency loop, so that a gunner can horizontally stimulate all the shotpoints within adjacent lines within a specified time interval; arranging multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops, recalculating the time interval between the previous and subsequent shots according to the number of levels, and arranging multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective lines according to the corresponding time intervals; collecting seismic data through a high-density observation system. Further, the efficiency loop can be optimized by reducing the charge amount and the layout length, improving the method for collecting high-density three-dimensional seismic data, thereby improving the daily stimulation production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to petroleum geophysical exploration, and in particular to a high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method and system for expanding the excitation "efficiency ring". Background Art

[0002] Current Situation: The daily efficiency of seismic data acquisition in areas such as deserts, gobi, saline-alkali lands, and farmlands in Xinjiang has been restricted by the fixed excitation time interval between the previous shot and the subsequent shot and cannot be improved. To solve this problem, the applicant's prior application "Excitation Method for High-Efficiency Seismic Data Acquisition Based on Time and Distance Intervals" (Application No.: 2022108469746) breaks through the limitation of the inherent excitation time interval and can significantly improve the daily efficiency of seismic data acquisition. This technology is affected by two factors:

[0003] 1. Receiver array length: A reasonable array length can ensure that the position of the subsequent shot excitation point and the range of array reception information are both within the "0" aftershock area of the previous shot, ensuring that the quality of the seismic data excited by the subsequent shot is not contaminated by the aftershocks of the previous shot;

[0004] 2. Excitation time interval: The shorter the time for the aftershocks of the near-shotpoint seismic waves to decay to "0", the higher the daily efficiency of seismic data acquisition can be improved.

[0005] Figure 1 It shows that D - A - B - C - D is the distribution boundary of the subsequent shot position within the "0" aftershock area of the previous shot. Among them, the left D - A and the right B - C boundaries show linear triangular characteristics similar to the boundary form of the surface wave distribution area; the top boundary A - B is the minimum excitation time interval line, and the bottom boundary D - C is the excitation time interval red line determined during previous seismic data acquisition. The area enclosed by the four boundaries presents the shape of a spatial frustum. Along the longitudinal direction at different time points of this space, that is, at different excitation time intervals, horizontal "time - distance" horizontal rings can be cut out. The diameter of this ring is called the excitation distance interval corresponding to this excitation time interval, that is, the straight-line distance between the previous shot and the subsequent shot. This distance is only related to the straight-line distance between the shot points and has nothing to do with the distribution azimuth between the shot points. These rings are called the "efficiency rings" of seismic data acquisition excitation where the excitation distance interval changes with the excitation time interval. Figure 2The central position of the middle ring is determined by the excitation position of the front gun's firing point. For example, when the gun at position C is excited, it immediately becomes the front gun position and the center point of the new "efficiency ring". It forms a new "efficiency ring" with the position D of the rear gun that is about to be excited. The straight-line distance between the front and rear guns at the intersection of the three-dimensional horizontal plane and the time axis is the excitation time interval. Different distances correspond to different time intervals. In the figure, the maximum straight-line distance between point C and point D at 32s is 4142m. The distance between the front and rear excitation points cannot be greater than the distance of C-D. If it is greater than the distance of C-D, the phenomenon of super ring occurs, that is, the excitation time interval is greater than the previously specified excitation time interval of 32s. It is necessary to use 33s or 34s for excitation. In this way, it cannot guarantee to complete the minimum daily efficiency required by the on-site construction regulations, but instead reduces the daily efficiency. This is an unacceptable excitation distance interval. Figure 2 It is also shown that through the analysis of the aftershock energy attenuation of the near shot points in the work area, the minimum excitation time interval in the work area is obtained as 21s. It can be known from the regulations of previous seismic data acquisition projects that the red line of the fixed time interval is 32s, that is, the maximum excitation time interval. Thus, the minimum "efficiency ring" is the "efficiency ring" formed by the position A of the front gun and the position B of the rear gun, with a diameter of 962m and a time of 21s. Then the "efficiency ring" of A-B is 0-962m, 21-32s. During actual blasting production, the excitation time interval can be flexibly selected from 21s to 32s for blasting production according to the change of the distance between the front and rear shot points in the immediate "efficiency ring" from 0m to 962m.

[0006] Currently, restricted by the red line of the excitation "time interval", the daily blasting workload cannot be increased, and the advantages of advanced acquisition equipment cannot be brought into play, resulting in the poor utilization of the geophysical method of high-density three-dimensional for improving the quality of seismic acquisition data. No one has studied how to optimize the above two technical influencing factors and then apply them to the specific construction process to further improve the blasting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to further improve the acquisition method of high-density three-dimensional seismic data on the basis of the excitation method for efficient seismic data acquisition based on time and distance intervals, so as to improve the daily excitation production efficiency.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] Provide a high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding the excitation "efficiency ring", including the following steps:

[0010] Construct an original efficiency loop based on the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and minimum distance at which the refracted wave of the rear shot catches up with the surface wave of the front shot. This original efficiency loop is a graph showing the relationship between the minimum distance between the front and rear shot excitations and the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front-shot point.

[0011] Select the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency loop to obtain an optimized sub-efficiency loop, enabling a gunner to horizontally excite all the shot points within adjacent lines within a specified time interval.

[0012] Lay out multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops, recalculate the time interval between the front and rear shots according to the number of levels, and arrange multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective lines at the corresponding time intervals.

[0013] Collect seismic data through a high-density observation system.

[0014] Continuing with the above technical solution, the method further includes the steps of:

[0015] Through the experiment of reducing the excitation charge amount, recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub-efficiency loop and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub-efficiency loop.

[0016] Continuing with the above technical solution, the method further includes the steps of:

[0017] Reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three-dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shot point to the geophone point, and correspondingly increase the number of lines and the number of levels of the sub-efficiency loop.

[0018] Continuing with the above technical solution, lay out n levels of sub-efficiency loops, where n≥4.

[0019] Continuing with the above technical solution, lay out multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops according to the specific construction volume. After a group of multiple-level sub-efficiency loops finish firing, move the entire setup to the next group of lines.

[0020] Continuing with the above technical solution, when conducting the experiment of reducing the excitation charge amount, adopt the method of small charge amount and deep well excitation to reduce the energy of the interference waves generated due to the damage of the surface structure, thereby broadening the frequency band and reducing the actual excitation time interval.

[0021] Continuing with the above technical solution, while reducing the arrangement length, reduce the geophone points on the arrangement length and add them to the newly added lines in the width direction, thereby increasing the azimuth angle of the three-dimensional observation system.

[0022] The present invention also provides a high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition system for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop", comprising:

[0023] The original efficiency loop construction module is used to construct an original efficiency loop according to the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and the minimum distance at which the back-shot refracted wave catches up with the front-shot surface wave. The original efficiency loop is a relationship diagram showing the variation of the minimum distance between the front and back shots with the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front-shot point.

[0024] The efficiency loop optimization module is used to select the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system arrangement as the diameter of the original efficiency loop, obtaining an optimized sub-efficiency loop, so that a gunner can laterally excite all the shotpoints within adjacent arrangement lines within a specified time interval.

[0025] The efficiency loop layout module is used to layout multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops, recalculate the time interval between the front and back shots according to the number of levels, and arrange multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective arrangement lines according to the corresponding time intervals.

[0026] The high-density observation system is used to collect seismic data.

[0027] Continuing with the above technical solution, the efficiency loop optimization module is further used to recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero through experiments with reducing the excitation charge amount, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub-efficiency loop and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub-efficiency loop.

[0028] Continuing with the above technical solution, the efficiency loop optimization module is further used to reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three-dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shotpoint to the geophone, correspondingly increasing the number of arrangement lines and the number of levels of the sub-efficiency loop.

[0029] The present invention also provides a computer storage medium, characterized in that it can be executed by a processor and stores a computer program therein. The computer program executes the high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop" described in claim 1.

[0030] The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are as follows: Based on the excitation technology in the "0" aftershock area, by constructing an efficiency loop, a gunner can laterally excite all the shotpoints within adjacent arrangement lines within a specified time interval. Then, by laying out multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops, multiple gunners can be arranged to fire simultaneously within their respective arrangement lines according to the corresponding time intervals, thereby saving the firing time and increasing the daily average number of shots fired.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention also expands three methods for stimulating the "efficiency loop" of the original observation system, namely: the method of reducing the stimulating charge amount, the method of reducing the spread length, and the method of jointly using both. It further improves the original high-efficiency acquisition method and broadens a new idea for designing the azimuth angle of the acquisition observation system for high-density seismic data. Based on the improvement of the production efficiency by 20-40% in the aftershock area of "0" in the previous invention, the production efficiency can be further increased by about 10 percentage points, thereby further deepening the saving of production time and funds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the isochronous distance between the front and rear shot points without interference;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the "efficiency loop" with different excitation time intervals and excitation distance intervals;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the 4-level "efficiency loop" jointly used by 4 gunmen;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the 6-level "efficiency loop" using the 1 / 2 "sub-efficiency loop" for shooting;

[0037] Figure 5 It is an observation system template for three different shooting and spread moving modes, where (a) is the 1-to-1 "sub-efficiency loop", (b) is the 2-to-2 "sub-efficiency loop", and (c) is the 3-to-3 "sub-efficiency loop";

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the shooting sequence and direction among 4 gunmen based on the 4-level "efficiency loop";

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of three zones generated by the explosion;

[0040] Figure 8 It is the relationship between the amplitude A and the explosive charge Q;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a comparison record of the fixed gain for different explosive charge excitations;

[0042] Figure 10 It is a quantitative analysis of the amplitude energy attenuation of a single trace in the near shot point spread;

[0043] Figure 11 It is a comparison schematic diagram of the minimum excitation time interval determined by large and small explosive charges;

[0044] Figure 12Schematic diagram of the original excitation "efficiency loop";

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the current excitation "efficiency loop";

[0046] Figure 14 Comparison diagram of "efficiency loops" with different permutation lengths for the excitation time intervals of 26s and 23s;

[0047] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the enhanced "efficiency loop" by optimizing the dosage and permutation length;

[0048] Figure 16 Schematic diagram for the selection of "efficiency loop" where the actual minimum excitation time interval is less than the theoretical excitation time interval;

[0049] Figure 17 Schematic diagram for the selection of "efficiency loop" where the actual minimum excitation time interval is greater than the theoretical excitation time interval;

[0050] Figure 18 Schematic diagram for the selection of "efficiency loop" where the actual minimum excitation time interval is greater than the optimal time interval;

[0051] Figure 19 Schematic diagram for the selection of "efficiency loop" where the original minimum excitation time interval is greater than the optimal time interval;

[0052] Figure 20 Schematic diagram for the selection of "efficiency loop" where the actual minimum excitation time interval is greater than the optimal time interval;

[0053] Figure 21 Schematic diagram for reducing the permutation length to widen the optimal excitation distance interval;

[0054] Figure 22 Schematic diagram for comparing the observation systems before and after the optimization of the "efficiency loop";

[0055] Figure 23 Observation system and azimuth distribution diagram actually adopted in the project;

[0056] Figure 24 Observation system and azimuth distribution diagram for the optimized design of the "efficiency loop";

[0057] Figure 25 Flowchart of the method for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop" of the high-density three-dimensional observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 26 Flowchart of the method for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop" of the high-density three-dimensional observation system in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] The present invention is mainly used to expand and stimulate the "efficiency loop" space, improve the daily stimulation production efficiency, and further improve the azimuth angle of the high-density three-dimensional observation system. The present invention mainly needs to achieve the following five points:

[0061] (1) Design method of the "efficiency loop";

[0062] (2) Stimulation test method for reducing the minimum stimulation time interval;

[0063] (3) Array length design method for increasing the stimulation distance interval;

[0064] (4) Tuning and matching method of the "efficiency loop" with variable stimulation time interval and variable array length;

[0065] (5) Design method of high-density observation system for improving speed and efficiency.

[0066] Specifically as follows:

[0067] 1 Design method of the "efficiency loop"

[0068] The surface seismic geological conditions of a work area determine the theoretical minimum stimulation time interval, which is related to the first arrival refraction wave velocity, surface wave velocity, and the receiving array length used in seismic data acquisition. See the time position corresponding to point O' in Figure 1 , and this time can be calculated by the wave field pursuit formula of the front and rear shots.

[0069] Generally, the time point when the aftershock attenuation of the near array is 0 will be greater than the time point corresponding to point O'. The time corresponding to A-B in Figure 1 is called the actual minimum stimulation time interval, and this time is obtained from actual data.

[0070] 1.1 Determination of the "sub-efficiency loop"

[0071] According to statistics, when collecting seismic data under the surface conditions in areas such as deserts, saline-alkali lands, gobi, and farmlands in Xinjiang, one gunner can continuously walk and fire shots. Within 90 seconds, before the firing of the previous shot is completed, the gunner can walk approximately 30m to reach the position of the next shot and complete all the preparatory work for firing the next shot. As shown in Table 1, within 90 seconds, other gunners can fire 3 shots using the actual minimum firing time interval of 30 seconds. In this way, a total of 4 shots can be fired. It can be seen that arranging 4 gunners to fire shots alternately not only has high efficiency but also is economical and does not cause waste. If 5 gunners are arranged within 90 seconds, there will be time waste and personnel waste, that is, arranging more gunners within the same time period can only fire the same number of shots.

[0072] The process of 4 gunners taking turns and firing 4 shots at intervals is called one firing round. After such a round, each of the 4 gunners will walk 30m. In total, the 4 gunners will walk 120m. Calculated for one gunner, it is like one gunner walking 120m within 90 seconds and continuously firing 4 shots, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0073] In this way, 120m can be defined as the diameter of one "sub-effectiveness loop", that is, the minimum "effectiveness loop" diameter or the diameter of the first-level "effectiveness loop". If the situation is greater than or less than the diameter of the "sub-effectiveness loop", it is collectively referred to as one "super-sub-effectiveness loop".

[0074] Table 1 Time table for 4 gunners to fire shots alternately in one round on the same gun line

[0075]

[0076] As shown in Table 2 below, arranging 4 gunners in a row, each responsible for firing 4 consecutive distributed shots. Then, within 480 seconds, 16 shot points can be fired and connected in a line. In this way, the 30-second firing time interval "effectiveness loop" corresponding to the 120m distance that each gunner walks can be defined as the minimum "effectiveness loop" time, also called the "sub-effectiveness loop" time or the first-level "effectiveness loop" time. If each shot point adopts one "sub-effectiveness loop", that is, 120m and 30-second firing, the daily production efficiency will be very high. In the actual firing process, the distance between the 4 gunners will not necessarily be fixed at 120m but will fluctuate between 30m, 60m, 90m,..., 450m, 480m, and the corresponding firing interval time will also change:

[0077] (1) Select the firing time interval corresponding to one "sub-effectiveness loop" for the distance of 30 - 120m for firing;

[0078] (2) Select the firing time interval corresponding to two "sub-effectiveness loops" for the distance of 150 - 240m for firing;

[0079] (3) At a distance of 270 - 360 m, select three excitation time intervals corresponding to the three "sub - efficiency rings" for excitation;

[0080] (4) At a distance of 390 - 480 m, select four excitation time intervals corresponding to the four "sub - efficiency rings" for excitation.

[0081] Table 2 shows the blasting method where the four most economical and efficient gunmen use four "sub - efficiency rings" to conduct four rounds of blasting

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Figure 3 As shown in the figure, four gunmen and four first - level "efficiency rings" are combined to form a fourth - level "efficiency ring". Given that the line - spacing of the high - density three - dimensional observation system is usually very small, currently it has basically been reduced to about 120 m. Therefore, the distance of 120 m between two survey lines is defined as the distance of the first - level "efficiency ring", that is, one survey line corresponds to one first - level "efficiency ring". When blasting, arrange one gunman to independently complete the blasting points within one line - spacing. For example, the corresponding 6 blasts in the figure.

[0085] This blasting method with one gunman corresponding to one survey distance is the method with the highest daily blasting efficiency. This method not only facilitates the division of the working positions and scopes of each gunman, but also facilitates the cooperative construction operations among the field gunmen.

[0086] Obtain the diameter determination criterion of the "sub - efficiency ring":

[0087] The diameter of one "sub - efficiency ring" is equal to one survey line distance.

[0088] 1.2 Corresponding relationship between the number of moving survey lines and the level of "efficiency ring" used

[0089] Based on the high - efficiency blasting method where the diameter of one "sub - efficiency ring" is equal to one survey line distance, Figure 3 After blasting the blasting points in the longitudinal and transverse areas where the four "sub - efficiency rings" are located as shown, four survey lines can be moved. If it is planned to move three survey lines on the same day, the best "efficiency ring" for the day's construction can be determined as the third - level, then the excitation time interval will be 26 s as shown in Figure 4 ; when the distance between two gunmen is within the first - level "efficiency ring", 25 s can be used; if it is planned to move six lines on the same day, the "efficiency ring" can be determined as the sixth - level, then the corresponding best excitation time interval can be 27 s, and during the specific blasting, different time intervals such as 27 s, 26 s, 25 s, etc. can be used according to the change of the distance between gunmen. Figure 4In actual operation, the situation of "sub-effectiveness loop" of 1 / 2" can also occur, that is, the gunner can be encrypted, so as to achieve more gunfire points fired at time intervals of 25s and 26s, reduce the number of gunfire points fired at 27s, and achieve the purpose of overall reducing the average blasting time interval. However, if arranged in this way, there will be too many gunners, resulting in increased costs and too long waiting time for each gunner, such as exceeding 90s, reducing the construction efficiency of a single gunner. This needs to be specifically weighed in the project before use.

[0090] 1.3 Selection and Usage Methods of Firing "Effectiveness Loop"

[0091] In the case where the line spacing of the array in the high-density observation system is very small:

[0092] 1) Moving method of the array

[0093] One moving array line: The width of one array line spacing is equal to the firing gunpoint width of one gunner, one "sub-effectiveness loop" or one-level "effectiveness loop", abbreviated as the 1-to-1 method: that is, the gunpoints between one array correspond to moving one survey line;

[0094] Two moving array lines: The width of two array line spacings is equal to the firing gunpoint widths of two gunners, two "sub-effectiveness loops" or two-level "effectiveness loops", abbreviated as the 2-to-2 method: that is, the gunpoints between two arrays correspond to moving two survey lines;

[0095] Three moving array lines: The width of three array line spacings is equal to the firing gunpoint widths of three gunners, three "sub-effectiveness loops" or two-level "effectiveness loops", abbreviated as the 3-to-3 method, that is, the gunpoints between three arrays correspond to moving three survey lines: ...

[0097] 2) Usage method of "effectiveness loop"

[0098] (1) One "sub-effectiveness loop" corresponds to one array line spacing, one one-level "effectiveness loop", one gunner, and one moving array line;

[0099] (2) When the distance between two gunners is at the one-level "effectiveness loop", the firing time interval of the one-level "effectiveness loop" is adopted for firing;

[0100] (3) When the distance between two gunners is at the two-level, three-level, four-level, and five-level "effectiveness loops", the firing time intervals of the two-level, three-level, four-level, and five-level "effectiveness loops" are respectively adopted for firing.

[0101] Figure 5 The blasting templates of three different observation systems are shown. The left figure shows that after blasting one array line width, one line can be moved; the middle figure shows that after blasting the gunfire of two array line widths, two array lines can be moved at one time; the right figure shows that after blasting the gunfire of three array line widths, three array lines can be moved at one time.

[0102] 1.4 Corresponding Relationship between the Number of Moving Arrangements and the Number of Gunners Deployed

[0103] Figure 6 Shown is the 4th-level "efficiency loop" of 16 shot points horizontally, with 4 gunners (groups) set up. Among them, the 4 shot points between ④ and ⑤ are related to the reception of arrangement ① - ⑧; the 4 shot points between ⑤ and ⑥ are related to the reception of arrangement ② - ⑨; and so on, … The blasting method shown by the arrows in the figure is the most reasonable because the 4 gunners (groups) do not affect each other and work within their respective arrangement line identification areas, with clear shot point positions and directions. As shown in the figure, the gunners do not directly carry out vertical blasting mainly because the distance between the shot point lines is usually large, about 240m. For vertical gunners, there would be 16 gunners (groups). Although all are excited in the 1st-level "efficiency loop" with the shortest time and the highest efficiency, it is not practical. Moreover, the sudden increase of gunners from the optimal 4 to 8 or 16 will not only cause a substantial increase in blasting costs but also, as mentioned before: "Having too many gunners is meaningless." There are 4 ways to deploy gunners for the observation system in the figure: 1 gunner between shot points ④ and ⑤ on the leftmost line during the move; 2 gunners between shot points ④ and ⑥ on the leftmost 2 lines during the move; 3 gunners between shot points ④ and ⑦ on the leftmost 3 lines during the move; and successively 4 gunners at shot points ④ - ⑧; even for moving 4 lines, 5 lines, 6 lines, …, which depends on the construction capacity on that day. A new blasting and moving plan can be set for each day's construction. Of course, the more lines that can be moved on the same day, the higher the overall construction efficiency. To achieve more moving arrangement lines in this way, more blasting is required, so the total blasting time per day will be correspondingly extended, from the previous habitual about 14 hours per day to 16 hours or even longer per day, which is a test for the overall quality of the construction team. On the contrary, if the number of gunners is insufficient, 2 or 3 gunners can be arranged to evenly divide the shot points between ④ and ⑧. However, too many horizontal blasts per gunner will reduce the arrangement moving efficiency and increase the construction intensity of a single gunner.

[0104] 2 Excitation Test Technology for Reducing the Minimum Excitation Time Interval

[0105] To improve the blasting efficiency, it is necessary to find ways to reduce Figure 1 the original actual excitation time interval corresponding to A - B. The "efficiency loop" corresponding to the original A - B may be the 5th-level, 6th-level, 7th-level, 8th-level, …, etc. "efficiency loops" at the beginning. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the loop to the 4th-level "efficiency loop" to achieve the best time savings for blasting.

[0106] The process of forming seismic waves in seismic exploration is as Figure 7As shown in the figure: If the excitation method is explosive excitation, then near the explosive package, the powerful pressure generated by the explosion far exceeds the ultimate strength of the rock, and the rock is damaged to form a damaged zone; as the distance from the seismic source increases, the pressure decreases, but still exceeds the elastic limit of the rock. The rock in this range does not break, but will undergo plastic deformation, forming some radial or circular cracks; outside the plastic zone, as the distance from the seismic source further increases, the pressure drops below the elastic limit, and coupled with the fact that the explosive explosion generates a force with a very short duration, the rock in this area undergoes elastic deformation. Therefore, seismic waves are actually a kind of elastic wave propagating in rock strata.

[0107] The relationship between the amplitude A of seismic waves and the explosive quantity Q follows the following law:

[0108] A∝CQ m (1)

[0109] In equation (1), C is the proportionality coefficient. When the explosive quantity is small, the coefficient m in the equation takes values from 1 to 1.5; when the explosive quantity is large, m takes values from 0.2 to 0.5.

[0110] Figure 8 As shown in the figure: The larger the explosive quantity, the greater part of the energy of the explosive quantity is consumed in the broken zone of the rock. Therefore, controlling the explosive quantity can correspondingly control the energy of the induced aftershock interference.

[0111] Usually, when collecting seismic data, it is necessary to select representative surface lithology for the test of the explosive quantity. The explosive quantity is gradually increased from a small amount to a large amount, and the explosive quantity with a high signal-to-noise ratio and wide frequency band in the seismic record is selected as the explosive quantity for formal production. At this time, the "0" aftershock time of the near spread of the shot point is the ideal minimum excitation time interval.

[0112] Generally, when the explosive quantity is small, the excited frequency band is wide and the signal-to-noise ratio will be slightly lower. Given that the high coverage times or ultra-large shot gather density of high-density 3D can make up for the deficiency of the single-shot signal-to-noise ratio, therefore, currently using an appropriately small explosive quantity for excitation has become the trend of the change and development of seismic data acquisition technology.

[0113] Figure 9 It shows that in a certain work area in Xinjiang, 10 kg of excitation was used in the previous high-precision 3D. If it is changed to high-density 3D, 4 kg of excitation can be considered. The visual "0" aftershock of 4 kg of explosive quantity is at 4.2 s, the visual "0" aftershock of 6 kg of explosive quantity is at 4.8 s, and the visual "0" aftershock of 10 kg of explosive quantity is at 6 s. The time difference of the visual "0" aftershocks between the three explosive quantities can reach 1.8 s. The above is the visual "0" aftershock time with fixed gain. The specific minimum time interval can be obtained by amplitude quantitative analysis, such as Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the "0" aftershock of about 10 kg of excitation is about 21 - 22 s.

[0114] On the basis of ensuring the signal-to-noise ratio in seismic data acquisition, a method of using small charges and deep well excitation can be considered to reduce the energy of interference waves generated by surface structure damage. This can not only broaden the frequency band but also achieve the effect of reducing the actual minimum excitation time interval as shown in Figure 11 , so that the minimum excitation time interval is reduced from A - B to E - F, thereby increasing the number of shots per day.

[0115] 3 Design technology for increasing the array length of the excitation distance interval

[0116] Figure 12 It shows that by reducing the excitation charge, the minimum excitation time interval is reduced from 26 s to 23 s, and the corresponding excitation distance interval is reduced from 600 m to 240 m. If 4 array lines are to be moved on the design day, then the construction efficiency of using 23 s and 2 - level "efficiency loop" is not enough. To move 4 lines, it is necessary to passively upgrade to 4 - level "efficiency loop" 25 s construction, and thus the shot interval must be increased. Although the efficiency is improved compared with 26 s construction, 1 s of precious time is wasted. Therefore, under the condition of obtaining the latest minimum excitation time interval from the charge reduction test, ways should be found to expand the excitation distance interval corresponding to the minimum time interval obtained from the test, that is, to expand the "efficiency loop" to 4 - level.

[0117] Figure 13 It shows that with the 23 s time determined, after expanding the "efficiency loop", the original 2 - level "efficiency loop" now corresponds to the 4 - level "efficiency loop", achieving the purpose of reducing the overall excitation time interval from 26 s to 23 s.

[0118] For example, the relationship between the array length and the diameter of the "efficiency loop":

[0119] According to the theoretical formula for the rear - shot refracted wave to catch up with the front - shot surface wave:

[0120]

[0121] In the formula:

[0122] d: Array length;

[0123] Δt: Time interval;

[0124] v s : Surface wave velocity (318 m / s);

[0125] v r : Refracted wave velocity (3200 m / s);

[0126] l sr : Distance between the front and rear shots.

[0127] Table 3 Array length change corresponding to the excitation "efficiency loop" diameter lsr Change Table

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Note: Negative values in the table indicate that the shot point position of the rear gun is at the smaller number position of the front gun, that is, on the left side.

[0132] As can be seen from Table 3 above, under the condition of a shot point spacing of 30m:

[0133] (1) The theoretical minimum shot point distance interval corresponding to the theoretical minimum time interval of 22s for a spread length of 7000m is 256.25m;

[0134] (2) The theoretical minimum shot point distance interval corresponding to the theoretical minimum time interval of 20s for a spread length of 6500m is 106.375m;

[0135] (3) The theoretical minimum shot point distance interval corresponding to the theoretical minimum time interval of 19s for a spread length of 6000m is 262.5m;

[0136] (4) The theoretical minimum shot point distance interval corresponding to the theoretical minimum time interval of 17s for a spread length of 5500m is 115.625m.

[0137] From Figure 14 It is the graphical display of Table 3. Assuming that the original minimum excitation time interval of the near shot point is 26s and the actual minimum excitation time interval obtained by reducing the spread length is 23s, the "efficiency rings" are reduced to 556.25m, 1009.375m, 1462.5m, and 1915.625m respectively. It can be seen that all 4 "efficiency rings" exceed the optimal minimum "efficiency ring" of 480m and all have good shot firing efficiency. Among them, the "efficiency ring" of 556.25m is the closest to the ideal "efficiency ring". If the project has the ability to achieve a moving capacity of more than 5 lines, the observation system with a relatively large reduction in spread length can be selected.

[0138] 4 Tuning Matching Technology of "Efficiency Ring" for Variable Excitation Time Interval and Variable Spread Length

[0139] 4.1 Tuning Formula of "Efficiency Ring"

[0140] Figure 15 Among them, D′-E′-F′-C′-D′ is the "efficiency ring" body in the D-A-B-C-D three-dimensional space, which is an enhanced "efficiency ring" body for optimizing the charge amount and spread length.

[0141] Based on the theoretical formula (2) for the rear gun refracted wave to catch up with the front gun surface wave, we get:

[0142]

[0143] l sr = n×Δd

[0144] Where: Δt: time interval; v s : surface wave velocity; v r : refracted wave velocity; l sr : distance between the front and rear guns; Δd: array line spacing; n: number of "sub-effectiveness rings", 1, 2, 3,...

[0145] Based on the theoretical formula that the refracted wave of the rear gun catches up with the surface wave of the front gun, the tuning formula for n "sub-effectiveness rings" is obtained:

[0146]

[0147] Thus, d n -d1: the difference between the array lengths corresponding to n "sub-effectiveness rings" and the array length corresponding to the 1st "sub-effectiveness ring", thus obtaining the tuning recurrence formula for the n incremental amounts of the array length in the work area and the distance for increasing the excitation of n "sub-effectiveness rings":

[0148]

[0149]

[0150]

[0151] Assume that it is known: n = 1, Δd is equal to 120 m, which is equal to the diameter of 1 "sub-effectiveness ring"; the array length is equal to 7000 m, the surface wave velocity is 318 m / s, and the refracted wave velocity is 3200 m / s. Obtain:

[0152] d n -d1 = 133.24n - 133.24 (6)

[0153] Where: d n -d1 represents the incremental amount of the array length corresponding to the nth "sub-effectiveness ring" and the array length corresponding to the 1st "sub-effectiveness ring".

[0154] From formula (5), it can be obtained that under the known work area parameter conditions, for every 133.24 m increase in the work area array length, 1 "sub-effectiveness ring" of 120 m is increased. That is, to expand 2 "sub-effectiveness rings", the array length needs to be reduced by 266.48 m. From formulas (4) and (5), it can be seen that the incremental amount of the array length is related to the surface wave velocity, refracted wave velocity, diameter of the "sub-effectiveness ring", and number of "sub-effectiveness rings".

[0155] 4.2 Selection Technology for Exciting "Effectiveness Rings"

[0156] The excitation time intervals are divided into the following five cases:

[0157] 1. Theoretical minimum excitation time interval: a first-level excitation "efficiency loop" composed of 1 "sub-efficiency loop";

[0158] 2. Optimal minimum excitation time interval: a fourth-level excitation "efficiency loop" composed of 4 "sub-efficiency loops";

[0159] 3. Production minimum excitation time interval: a multi-level "excitation efficiency loop" adopted in production;

[0160] 4. Actual minimum excitation time interval: a multi-level excitation "excitation efficiency loop" determined by closely arranged aftershocks;

[0161] 5. Tuned minimum excitation time interval: the production minimum excitation time interval after tuning the "efficiency loop".

[0162] In the actual production process, according to the magnitudes of the five minimum excitation time intervals, there are four cases to select the excitation "efficiency loop".

[0163] 4.2.1 The actual minimum excitation time interval is less than the theoretical excitation time interval

[0164] Figure 16 The situation shown rarely occurs. During construction production, only the small time at the "0" time of the actual closely arranged aftershocks can be discarded, and the fourth-level "efficiency loop" with 4 "sub-efficiency loops" is selected and enlarged, that is, the optimal "efficiency loop".

[0165] 4.2.2 The actual minimum excitation time interval is greater than the theoretical excitation time interval

[0166] Figure 17 It shows that when the actual minimum "efficiency loop" is less than the optimal minimum time "efficiency loop", the production minimum time interval where the fourth-level "efficiency loop" is located is directly adopted, which is also the optimal minimum time interval for blasting production.

[0167] 4.2.3 The actual minimum excitation time interval is greater than the optimal minimum time interval

[0168] Figure 18 It shows that the time where the sixth-level efficiency loop in the figure is located is adopted as the production minimum time interval for blasting production.

[0169] 4.2.4 The actual minimum time interval is too large

[0170] Figure 19 It shows that by reducing the excitation charge amount, the actual minimum time interval is reduced to the optimal minimum time interval for construction production.

[0171] 4.2.5 The original theory has an overly large minimum time interval

[0172] Figure 20 As shown, by adopting the method of reducing the minimum excitation time interval and expanding the excitation distance interval, the "efficiency loop" is expanded from level 3 to level 4.

[0173] 5 High-density observation system for speed increase and efficiency improvement

[0174] 5.1 Observation system broadening technology based on constant shot-receiver density

[0175] Figure 21 It shows that the original 26s excitation time interval is already the optimal production excitation time interval. If you want to improve the layout moving efficiency and shot-firing efficiency on the same day, you can expand the original level 4 "efficiency loop" of 26s into the current level 6 efficiency loop of 26s. This effect can be obtained by reducing the layout length.

[0176] Figure 22 It is a comparison schematic diagram of the observation system before and after the "efficiency loop" optimization. The figure shows that one more layout line is added in the east-west direction of the layout sheet of the observation system, and the layout length in the north-south direction is slightly shortened. Without increasing the geophone points as much as possible, the number of geophone points reduced on the layout is used to add 1 layout on each of the left and right sides as mentioned above. This conforms to the design concept of a wide-azimuth observation system where the layout sheet of the high-density observation system needs to be as wide as possible, as long as the reduction in layout length does not affect the requirements of velocity analysis.

[0177] Table 4 Adjustment table of high-precision observation factors for optimizing "efficiency"

[0178] Content Observation factors actually adopted in the project Observation factors for optimizing the "efficiency loop" Observation system 28 lines, 8 shots, 408 channels; (11424 channels) 30 lines, 8 shots, 384 channels (11520 channels, an increase of 96 channels) Shot-receiver offset 6105m 5745 m (a decrease of 360 m) Line interval 240m 240m Trace interval 30m 30m Shot-line distance 360m 360m Shot-point distance 30m 30m Coverage times 238 times 16 * 15 = 240 times (an increase of 2 times) Bin size 15 m × 15 m 15 m × 15 m Shot-trace density <![CDATA[105,777 per km 2 > <![CDATA[106,666 per km 2 (889 more)]]>

[0179] Using formula (4), take: the first arrival refraction wave velocity is 3200 m / s, the surface wave velocity is 318 m / s, and the shot point distance is 30 m. Through the change parameters of the layout length in Table 4 above, Δl can be obtained sr = 326.25 m, that is, the "efficiency loop" has increased the workload of 10 - 11 shots and 1 - 2 gunner groups horizontally, that is, the "efficiency loop" has increased by 1 - 2 levels. For the comparison of the corresponding changes in the observation system and azimuth angle, see Figure 23 and Figure 24 , the azimuth angle of the observation system of the new "efficiency loop" is wider and more reasonable, and the coverage times and shot channel density remain basically unchanged.

[0180] The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop" in the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 25 shown, includes the following steps:

[0181] S1. Construct an original efficiency loop based on the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and minimum distance at which the refracted wave of the rear shot catches up with the surface wave of the front shot. This original efficiency loop is a relationship diagram showing the variation of the minimum distance between the front and rear shot excitations with the variation of the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front-shot shotpoint.

[0182] S2. Select the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency loop to obtain an optimized sub-efficiency loop, so that a gunner can horizontally excite all the shotpoints within adjacent lines within a specified time interval.

[0183] S3. Arrange multiple levels of sub-efficiency loops, recalculate the time interval between the front and rear shots according to the number of levels, and arrange multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective lines according to the corresponding time intervals.

[0184] In order to further improve the daily shot efficiency, the present invention can also reduce the excitation charge for experiments, recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub-efficiency loop and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub-efficiency loop.

[0185] Or reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three-dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shotpoint to the geophone point, and correspondingly increase the number of arrangement lines and the number of levels of the sub-efficiency loop.

[0186] For the specific implementation method, reference can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments, or other embodiments can be adopted as long as the purpose can be achieved.

[0187] As Figure 26 shown, a high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding the excitation "efficiency loop" according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

[0188] S101. Construct an original "efficiency loop": Specifically, calculate by using the old data to investigate the velocities of the first-arrival refracted wave and the surface wave.

[0189] S102. Modify the original "efficiency loop": Fine-tune the velocity of the interfering wave so that the diameter of the first-level "efficiency loop" is equal to the distance between the arrangement lines. Reason: The distance between the high-density arrangement lines is small enough that one gunner can horizontally excite and finish all the shotpoints between them within 2 minutes, realizing a cycle between lines.

[0190] S103. Determine the excitation time interval and excitation distance interval corresponding to the originally set excitation charge;

[0191] S104. Test of reducing the excitation charge amount for reducing the excitation time interval: The purpose is to reduce the excitation time interval corresponding to the original excitation charge amount, determine the minimum excitation time interval to ensure the completion of geological tasks, and increase the number of shots per day; the charge amount is determined by the "0" aftershock energy of the near array; as the excitation time interval decreases, the distance interval of the "efficiency loop" also decreases.

[0192] S105. Design the reduced length of the array: It can expand the distance interval of the "efficiency loop", that is, increase the number of 1-level "efficiency loops", thereby increasing the number of lateral distributions of gunmen or the single active shot range, increasing the ability to move the array, and achieving the goal of further increasing the number of shots per day. With the increase of gunmen, it can also reduce the labor intensity of a single gunman.

[0193] S106. Determine whether the distance interval of the minimum time interval ≥ the distance interval of the 4-level "efficiency loop". If not, execute step S107; if so, execute step S111.

[0194] S107. Select to slightly increase the excitation charge amount to adjust the minimum time interval, taking into account the improvement of data signal-to-noise ratio.

[0195] S108. Adjust the distance interval corresponding to the increased minimum time interval = the distance interval of the 4-level "efficiency loop" to achieve the best gunman distribution, the best shooting efficiency, and the best labor intensity of gunmen.

[0196] S109. On the basis of appropriately reducing the array length, while keeping the coverage times and shot density basically unchanged, appropriately increase the number of receiving array lines of the original observation system to improve the lateral control shooting level of the "efficiency loop".

[0197] S110. Broaden the azimuth angle on the basis of the original high-density observation system (OLD) with wide azimuth angle to obtain a new high-density 3D observation system (NEW).

[0198] S111. Each gunman occupies 1 1-level "efficiency loop" on the shot point line;

[0199] S112. According to the grading table of the "efficiency loop", with the 4-level "efficiency loop" as the basic efficiency loop, implement random alternating upgrade or downgrade excitation between gunmen according to the distance distribution between gunmen. The specific excitation time intervals are as follows:

[0200] 01-level efficiency loop: 22s time interval (minimum time interval);

[0201] 02-level efficiency loop: 23s time interval (acceleration time interval);

[0202] 03-level efficiency loop: 24s time interval (acceleration time interval);

[0203] Level 04 efficiency loop: 25 s time interval (optimal time interval);

[0204] Level 05 efficiency loop: 26 s time interval (efficiency improvement time interval);

[0205] Level 06 efficiency loop: 27 s time interval (efficiency improvement time interval);

[0206] Level 07 efficiency loop: 28 s time interval (efficiency improvement time interval);

[0207] …

[0208] Level 13 efficiency loop: 34 s time interval (fixed time interval).

[0209] To implement the above method embodiments, the present invention further provides a high - density three - dimensional seismic data acquisition system for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop", including:

[0210] An original efficiency loop construction module, configured to construct an original efficiency loop according to the time when the aftershock of the near - shot - point seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and minimum distance at which the refracted wave of the rear shot catches up with the surface wave of the front shot. The original efficiency loop is a relationship diagram in which the minimum distance between the front and rear shot excitations changes with the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front - shot shot point;

[0211] An efficiency loop optimization module, configured to select the line spacing of the three - dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency loop to obtain an optimized sub - efficiency loop, so that a gunner can horizontally excite all the shot points within adjacent arrangement lines within a specified time interval;

[0212] An efficiency loop layout module, configured to layout multiple - level sub - efficiency loops, recalculate the time interval between the front and rear shots according to the level number, and arrange multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective arrangement lines according to the corresponding time intervals;

[0213] A high - density observation system, configured to collect seismic data.

[0214] Furthermore, the efficiency loop optimization module is further configured to, through the experiment of reducing the excitation charge amount, recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near - shot - point seismic wave decays to zero, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub - efficiency loop and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub - efficiency loop; or is further configured to reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three - dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shot point to the geophone, correspondingly increasing the number of arrangement lines and increasing the level number of the sub - efficiency loop.

[0215] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a server, an App application store, etc., on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, corresponding functions are implemented. The computer in this embodiment, when executed by the processor, implements the method embodiment of the high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop".

[0216] It should be understood that for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or changes can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop", characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Construct an original efficiency ring according to the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and the minimum distance at which the refracted wave of the rear shot catches up with the surface wave of the front shot. This original efficiency ring is a relationship diagram showing the variation of the minimum excitation distance between the front and rear shots with the variation of the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front-shotpoint; Select the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency ring to obtain an optimized sub-efficiency ring, so that a gunner can horizontally excite all the shotpoints within adjacent lines within a specified time interval; Layout multiple levels of sub-efficiency rings, recalculate the time interval between the front and rear shots according to the number of levels, and arrange multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective lines at the corresponding time intervals; Collect seismic data through a high-density observation system.

2. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 1, wherein This method further includes the steps of: Through the experiment of reducing the excitation charge, recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub-efficiency ring and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub-efficiency ring.

3. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, This method further includes the steps of: Reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three-dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shotpoint to the geophone point, and correspondingly increase the number of lines and the number of levels of the sub-efficiency ring.

4. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 1, characterized in that, Layout n levels of sub-efficiency rings, where n≥4.

5. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 1, wherein Layout multiple levels of sub-efficiency rings according to the specific construction volume. After a group of multiple-level sub-efficiency rings finish firing, move the whole setup to the next group of lines.

6. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 1, wherein When conducting the experiment of reducing the excitation charge, adopt the method of small charge and deep-well excitation to reduce the energy of the interference wave generated due to the damage of the surface structure, thereby broadening the frequency band and reducing the actual excitation time interval.

7. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 3, wherein, While reducing the arrangement length, reduce the geophone points on the arrangement length and add them to the newly added lines in the width direction, thereby increasing the azimuth angle of the three-dimensional observation system.

8. A high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition system for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop", characterized in that, It includes: An original efficiency ring construction module for constructing an original efficiency ring according to the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, as well as the minimum time interval and the minimum distance at which the refracted wave of the rear shot catches up with the surface wave of the front shot. This original efficiency ring is a relationship diagram showing the variation of the minimum excitation distance between the front and rear shots with the variation of the minimum excitation time interval, and its central position is determined by the excitation position of the front-shotpoint; An efficiency ring optimization module for selecting the line spacing of the three-dimensional observation system as the diameter of the original efficiency ring to obtain an optimized sub-efficiency ring, so that a gunner can horizontally excite all the shotpoints within adjacent lines within a specified time interval; An efficiency ring layout module for laying out multiple levels of sub-efficiency rings, recalculating the time interval between the front and rear shots according to the number of levels, and arranging multiple gunners to fire simultaneously within their respective lines at the corresponding time intervals; A high-density observation system for collecting seismic data.

9. The high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition system for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" according to claim 8, wherein, The efficiency ring optimization module is also used to, through the experiment of reducing the excitation charge, recalculate the time when the aftershock of the near-shotpoint seismic wave decays to zero, and accordingly reduce the excitation time interval of the sub-efficiency ring and the corresponding excitation distance interval to further optimize the sub-efficiency ring; or is also used to reduce the theoretical minimum excitation time interval of the original three-dimensional observation system by reducing the arrangement length from the shotpoint to the geophone point, and correspondingly increase the number of lines and the number of levels of the sub-efficiency ring.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, It can be executed by a processor and stores a computer program that executes the high-density three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for expanding and stimulating the "efficiency loop" described in claim 1.

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