Mine stratum water hazard detection and monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for detecting and monitoring water hazard in mine strata. The method comprises: acquiring an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is configured to receive an electromagnetic field signal emitted by an electromagnetic transmitting source, wherein the electromagnetic transmitting source is located on a pre-set transmitting working surface; performing inversion processing on the acquired electromagnetic field signal based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, wherein the stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface; and determining the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected. The water hazard detection and monitoring method provided by the present invention can detect deeper strata in mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safe coal mining, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata. Background Art

[0002] Coal is a major energy source, accounting for over 75% of my country's primary energy consumption. Mine flooding, along with gas and coal dust, is one of the major safety hazards in mine construction and production. Due to the complex hydrogeological conditions in my country's coal mines, mine flooding has long posed a significant threat to production safety.

[0003] When detecting and evaluating the distribution of water hazards in the strata corresponding to mine tunnels, DC resistivity is currently mainly used to semi-quantitatively describe and analyze the spatial distribution of lithology and physical properties of the strata, and to describe and predict the fluid distribution in the inter-well reservoir based on the local statistical relationship between conductivity or resistivity physical parameters.

[0004] However, DC resistivity requires a good grounding environment and has a relatively small detection depth. In actual coal mine working faces, good grounding or coupling is often difficult to achieve, resulting in poor test accuracy. Therefore, a method for detecting and monitoring water damage at a greater depth is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata, so as to solve the problem of the current small detection depth.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting and monitoring water hazards in a mine stratum, comprising:

[0007] Acquiring an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is used to receive the electromagnetic field signal emitted by the electromagnetic emission source, wherein the electromagnetic emission source is located on the pre-set emission working surface;

[0008] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, where the stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface;

[0009] Based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected is determined.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected, including:

[0011] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the inversion target function of the electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity of the formation to be detected is constructed;

[0012] The resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected is determined based on the forward simulation data of the acquired electromagnetic field signal, the initial value of the resistivity of the formation to be detected, and the resistivity inversion target function.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the resistivity inversion objective function is:

[0014] Φ(ρ)=|W d (uu cal )| 2 +λ|Dρ| 2 ;

[0015] Where ρ is the resistivity parameter, u is the acquired electromagnetic field signal, W d N d ×N d The number of weighted diagonal matrix, D is N ρ ×N ρ The smoothness matrix, u cal is the forward simulation data, and λ is the regularization parameter.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the regularization parameter λ is gradually reduced according to the number of iterations using a cooling strategy.

[0017] In one possible implementation, determining the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected includes:

[0018] Based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by the pre-built simulated equivalent medium model, a resistivity error function of the formation to be detected is constructed;

[0019] Based on the pore volume model of the mine formation and the correlation between the matrix and connected fractures of the mine formation, the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation is constructed;

[0020] The Taylor series expansion of the transformation relationship between resistivity and water saturation is carried out and multiple iterations are performed until the resistivity error function is minimized to obtain the water saturation of the formation to be detected.

[0021] Based on the water saturation of the formation to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected is determined.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the transmitting working face and the receiving working face are both located in at least one tunnel drilled from an underground formation, and the tunnel is connected to the ground. The transmitting working face and / or the receiving working face are the roof, floor, tunneling head, or side wall of the mine.

[0023] The stratum to be detected is the stratum above the mine roof, below the floor, in front of the tunneling head or in front of the side wall corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic receiver is an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils, the electromagnetic transmitting source is an electromagnetic field transmitting coil with a spatially variable angle, and the linear offset distance between the electromagnetic receiver and the electromagnetic transmitting source is at least 5 meters.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for detecting and monitoring water hazards in a mine stratum, comprising:

[0026] an acquisition module, configured to acquire an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is configured to receive an electromagnetic field signal emitted by an electromagnetic emission source, wherein the electromagnetic emission source is located on the pre-set emission working surface;

[0027] A signal processing module is used to perform inversion processing on the acquired electromagnetic field signal based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, wherein the stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface;

[0028] The water hazard distribution determination module is used to determine the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the signal processing module is used to construct an inversion target universal function of the electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity of the formation to be detected based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method;

[0030] The resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected is determined based on the forward simulation data of the acquired electromagnetic field signal, the initial value of the resistivity of the formation to be detected, and the resistivity inversion target function.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the resistivity inversion objective function is:

[0032] Φ(ρ)=|W d (uu cal )| 2 +λ|Dρ| 2 ;

[0033] Where ρ is the resistivity parameter, u is the acquired electromagnetic field signal, Wd N d ×N d The number of weighted diagonal matrix, D is N ρ ×N ρ The smoothness matrix, u cal is the forward simulation data, and λ is the regularization parameter.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the regularization parameter λ is gradually reduced according to the number of iterations using a cooling strategy.

[0035] In one possible implementation, a water hazard distribution determination module is configured to construct a resistivity error function of the stratum to be detected based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by a pre-built simulated equivalent medium model;

[0036] Based on the pore volume model of the mine formation and the correlation between the matrix and connected fractures of the mine formation, the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation is constructed;

[0037] The Taylor series expansion of the transformation relationship between resistivity and water saturation is carried out and multiple iterations are performed until the resistivity error function is minimized to obtain the water saturation of the formation to be detected.

[0038] Based on the water saturation of the formation to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected is determined.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the transmitting working face and the receiving working face are both located in at least one tunnel drilled from an underground formation, and the tunnel is connected to the ground. The transmitting working face and the receiving working face are the roof and floor of the mine, the tunneling head, or the side wall.

[0040] The stratum to be detected is the stratum above the mine roof, below the floor, in front of the tunneling head or in front of the side wall corresponding to the transmitting working face and / or the receiving working face.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic receiver is an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils, the electromagnetic transmitting source is an electromagnetic field transmitting coil with a spatially variable angle, and the linear offset distance between the electromagnetic receiver and the electromagnetic transmitting source is at least 5 meters.

[0042] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect are implemented.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata. First, an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver is acquired. Then, based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected. Finally, based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected is determined. An electromagnetic transmitting source disposed on a pre-set transmitting working surface transmits an electromagnetic field signal to the stratum. An electromagnetic receiver disposed on a pre-set receiving working surface receives the electromagnetic field signal from the stratum. The acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected. Finally, based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected is determined. This method can detect the water hazard distribution of deeper mine strata and accurately obtain the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the implementation of the method for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-angle electromagnetic field transmitting coil or magnetic dipole provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils or magnetic dipole receivers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a water hazard detection and monitoring device for a mine stratum provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In the following description, specific details such as particular system structures and techniques are provided for purposes of illustration, not limitation, to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Mine transient electromagnetic measurement is an electromagnetic geophysical detection method. This method uses a working face in at least one underground tunnel as an excitation working face to excite an electromagnetic field, and uses the same or different working face as a receiving working face to detect the induced electromagnetic field from the corresponding stratum, thereby realizing the evaluation and prediction of the resistivity distribution of the stratum corresponding to the excitation working face or the receiving working face, and determining the distribution area and distribution status of water hazards in the stratum.

[0054] Currently, DC resistivity surveying is primarily used, but it requires a good grounding environment. In actual coal mine tunnels, it is often difficult to achieve good grounding or coupling in the roof, floor, side walls, or working faces of the tunneling head, making it difficult to provide adequate power to the target strata. Furthermore, due to the limited space in the tunnels, the distance between the power supply electrode and the receiving electrode is small, and the detection depth is limited. This makes it difficult to detect distant strata corresponding to different working faces. When the target strata are relatively fragmented, it is particularly difficult to obtain a potential response reflecting the resistivity of the stratum.

[0055] Transient electromagnetic detection is also currently used, but its wide dynamic range requires high-performance, complex electronic equipment for detection and monitoring, placing high demands on the development of detector materials and processing techniques. Transient electromagnetic detection data processing volume is nearly 50-100 times that of frequency-domain electromagnetic and apparent resistivity data, and both instrumentation and data processing algorithms have been undergoing slow development.

[0056] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for detecting and monitoring water hazard in a mine stratum.

[0057] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of the implementation of the mine stratum water hazard detection and monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and is described in detail as follows:

[0058] Step S110: Acquire the electromagnetic field signal detected by the electromagnetic receiver.

[0059] For the stratum to be surveyed, the transmitting and receiving working faces must first be determined. Then, at least one tunnel must be drilled from the underground stratum to the surface. Within the drilled tunnel, the transmitting and receiving working faces can be determined. The transmitting working face can be located at the mine roof, floor, tunneling head, or sidewalls, while the receiving working face can also be located at the mine roof, floor, tunneling head, or sidewalls, depending on the survey requirements.

[0060] An electromagnetic transmitter is installed on the transmitting working surface, emitting electromagnetic fields at various angles relative to the transmitting working surface, thereby transmitting electromagnetic field signals to the stratum ahead of the working surface. An electromagnetic receiver is installed on the receiving working surface, offset from the electromagnetic transmitter by at least 5 meters. The electromagnetic receiver can detect the electromagnetic field signals from the stratum.

[0061] Specifically, the electromagnetic receiver can be an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils or magnetic dipole receivers, and the electromagnetic transmitting source can be a spatially variable angle electromagnetic field transmitting coil or magnetic dipole transmitting source. The electromagnetic transmitting source is placed on the transmitting working surface of the underground stratum tunnel and connected to the electromagnetic signal generator to transmit the electromagnetic field signal generated by the electromagnetic signal generator to the stratum. The electromagnetic receiver is placed on the receiving working surface of the underground stratum tunnel to detect the electromagnetic field signal from the stratum. In addition, to enhance the signal strength, the electromagnetic receiver is also connected to an electromagnetic signal amplifier to amplify the electromagnetic field signal detected by the electromagnetic receiver. The spatially variable angle electromagnetic transmitting source can be a magnetic source or coil excited by alternating current. When the electromagnetic transmitting source is a magnetic source or coil, the alternating current frequency of the excitation source is between tens of Hz and several MHz.

[0062] like Figure 2 The variable-angle electromagnetic field transmitting coil or magnetic dipole shown is used as an electromagnetic energy excitation device in mine transient electromagnetic measurements. The coil or magnetic dipole is placed in a mine tunnel and can be in close proximity to the face, sidewall, roof, or floor. It comprises a variable-angle transmitting coil 21, two bearings 22 that support the transmitting coil for vertical or horizontal rotation, a coaxial cable 23 that supplies electromagnetic signals to the transmitting coil, and a coil support 24 that supports one or more transmitting coils at different heights. The electromagnetic field excited by the transmitting coil diffuses and propagates deep into the tunnel and surrounding rock formations. The amount of energy transmitted into the rock formation and the distance it travels are related to the coupling between the transmitting source and the rock formation.

[0063] like Figure 3The array of electromagnetic field receiving coils or magnetic dipole receivers shown is used as an electromagnetic energy excitation device in mine transient electromagnetic measurements. The coils or magnetic dipoles are placed in a mine tunnel and can be in close proximity to the working face, sidewalls, or roof and floor, or at a certain distance from these working surfaces. They include an array receiver coil 31, two bearings 32 that support the receiver coils for vertical or horizontal rotation, a coaxial cable 33 that communicates from the receiver coils to a memory device or data receiver, and a coil support 34 that supports one or more receiving coils at different heights. The receiver receives induced electromagnetic signals from the tunnel and surrounding rock formations. The signal strength is related to the transmitting source, the electrical parameters of the rock formation, and the coupling between the rock formations.

[0064] Furthermore, to prevent working face collapse, wire mesh or iron pipes can be pre-installed on the working face of the tunnel, fixed to the floor, and rails or mining machinery can be fixed to the tunnel floor. Specifically, the rails and mesh can be made of conductive or non-conductive materials that are sensitive to electromagnetic excitation sources, allowing the receiving working face detector to receive the induced electromagnetic field (also known as the secondary electromagnetic field) generated by the interaction of this well-conductive material and the reservoir.

[0065] By changing the placement position of the electromagnetic receiver, the electromagnetic receiver can detect the horizontal component and the vertical component of the electromagnetic field signal. For example, the electromagnetic receiver can detect the horizontal component and the vertical component of the magnetic field signal.

[0066] The formations corresponding to the transmitting and receiving working faces contain high-resistance and / or low-resistance anomalies with resistivity different from that of the surrounding rock, which are easily detected by electromagnetic methods. This creates a non-uniform resistivity distribution pattern in the formation. When the electromagnetic field emitted by the electromagnetic transmitting source acts on the formation, the high-resistance or low-resistance anomalies in the formation generate an abnormal induced electromagnetic field.

[0067] Step S120: Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted to obtain the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected.

[0068] The stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face. Specifically, the stratum to be detected is the stratum above the mine roof, below the floor, in front of the tunneling head, or in front of the side wall corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face.

[0069] Since there are abnormal bodies that are easy to be detected by electromagnetics in the formations corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face, a variable-angle electromagnetic transmitting source is placed on the transmitting working face to generate an induced electromagnetic field in the formations corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face. Then, an electromagnetic receiver is placed on the receiving working face to receive the induced electromagnetic field from the reservoir and the well-conducting medium of the tunnel. Based on the induced electromagnetic field signal detected by the receiving working face, the electromagnetic field response inversion imaging method is used to obtain the conductivity distribution within the range of 20m to 250m in front of the formations corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face. Then, according to the relationship between conductivity and fluid saturation, the conductivity of the inverted imaged formation is mapped into the water hazard distribution within the range of 20m to 250m in front of the formations corresponding to the working face and the receiving working face.

[0070] Inversion imaging of collected electromagnetic field signals can be achieved by fitting the measured electromagnetic field signals with the electric field values ​​calculated from a simulated equivalent medium model. This process is typically performed using inversion imaging. Here, a simulated equivalent medium model corresponding to the background and working surface is assumed. The model parameters are then adjusted using appropriate mathematical algorithms until the measured field values ​​and the simulated data are within a certain allowable error range.

[0071] In some embodiments, based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, a target universal function for inversion of the electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity of the formation to be detected is constructed.

[0072] Specifically, the resistivity parameters of the formation to be detected are inverted from the received electromagnetic field signal data, and Gauss-Newton regularized inversion is used to achieve this. The transient electromagnetic response is related to the model resistivity parameters. Suppose the acquired transient electromagnetic field signal data is The resistivity parameter is ρ, The Gauss-Newton iteration method is used to invert the model resistance parameter ρ.

[0073] First, the resistivity inversion objective function is:

[0074] Φ(ρ)=|W d (uu cal )| 2 +λ|Dρ| 2 ;

[0075] W d N d ×N d The weighted diagonal matrix is ​​usually composed of the inverse of the data amplitude or the inverse of the data standard deviation or the unit matrix. ρ ×N ρ The smoothness matrix of u is expressed as a first-order difference operator or a second-order difference operator. calis the forward simulation data, and λ is the regularization parameter.

[0076] Smoothness constraints are the most commonly used regularization constraints, which can significantly improve the ill-posedness of inversion. During the inversion process, the model smoothness matrix is ​​predefined. For example, for the three-dimensional resistivity distribution, D can be used as the difference operator for the three-dimensional Poisson equation. The regularization parameter λ should be selected with caution. If λ is too large, the inversion model will be highly constrained, affecting the fit of the observed data. However, if λ is too small, the constraint capacity of the inversion model will be significantly reduced. As a result, although the inverted data error is small, the model parameters have no practical physical meaning. The selection of the regularization parameter λ also needs to be continuously adjusted based on the feedback from the actual inversion process. A cooling strategy can be used to iteratively change it, setting the initial λ to 1 and reducing it by 0.001 with each iteration.

[0077] If the initial value of the resistivity parameter Obtain a set of forward simulation data u of transient electromagnetic field signals cal , directly change u cal (ρ) Perform Taylor expansion at the initial value ρ0, ignore the higher-order derivative terms, and only keep the first-order derivative terms:

[0078]

[0079] After the expansion, u cal Substituting (ρ) into the target functional, we can obtain:

[0080]

[0081] We will uu cal (ρ) is represented by y, and That is the sensitivity matrix, we use F ρ It means that, after sorting, we can get:

[0082] Φ(Δρ)=(W d (yF ρ Δρ)) T (W d (yF ρ Δρ))+λ(Dρ0+DΔρ) T (Dρ0+DΔρ);

[0083] Minimize the objective functional, that is, find the model ρ so that the derivative of the objective functional is 0, and we can get:

[0084]

[0085] In order to obtain a more accurate solution and avoid the undesirable situation of singular values ​​in the coefficient matrix during the solution process, we do not solve the Gauss-Newton equation directly, but solve the least squares matrix system:

[0086]

[0087] After obtaining the least squares matrix system, for the linear system:

[0088] AΔρ=b;

[0089] We use the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization method to decompose the coefficient matrix A into an orthogonal matrix Q and an upper triangular matrix R:

[0090] A=QR;

[0091] Then the equation becomes:

[0092] QRΔρ=b;

[0093] Because Q -1 =Q T , then becomes:

[0094] RΔρ=Q T b;

[0095] This upper triangular matrix equation can be solved directly, so we can directly solve for the resistivity iteration step size.

[0096] Step S130: Determine the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected.

[0097] Firstly, based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by the pre-built simulated equivalent medium model, a resistivity error function of the formation to be detected is constructed.

[0098] The water-rich condition in the coal seam is calculated by inverting the resistivity of the formation to be detected using transient electromagnetic field signals. The resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected is inverted using transient electromagnetic field data, and then the relationship between the pore or fracture equivalent medium theory and the conductivity parameters is used to reconstruct the transient electromagnetic response with the help of the conductivity parameters of the simulated equivalent medium model, so that it can achieve a reasonable fit with the conductivity of the transient electromagnetic inversion.

[0099] Specifically, the resistivity error functional is:

[0100]

[0101] Where: Q is the sum of squares of the errors between the inverted conductivity in the inversion interval and the conductivity calculated by the simulated equivalent medium model, Invert resistivity data for electromagnetic field signals and Resistivity response calculated for the equivalent medium model simulation.

[0102] Then, based on the pore volume model of the mine formation and the correlation between the matrix and connected fractures of the mine formation, the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation was constructed.

[0103] Specifically, resistivity and water saturation (S w ) is:

[0104]

[0105] Then, the transformation relationship between resistivity and water saturation is expanded using Taylor series and iterated multiple times until the resistivity error function is minimized, and the water saturation of the formation to be detected is obtained.

[0106] Assume that the initial water saturation is S w0 ,right Perform Taylor series expansion and ignore terms above the second order:

[0107]

[0108] Substitute the inverted resistivity in the above formula In particular, for each inverted resistivity value, the iterative relationship for saturation inversion can be obtained from the above formula:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Update S in iterative calculation w =ΔS+S w0 ,until Once the required accuracy is met, the iteration can be stopped.

[0112] Finally, the water saturation of the formation to be detected is used to determine the distribution of water hazards in the formation to be detected.

[0113] The higher the water saturation of the formation to be detected, the lower the resistivity.

[0114] The water hazard detection and monitoring method provided by the present invention first obtains the electromagnetic field signal detected by the electromagnetic receiver, then, based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, inverts the obtained electromagnetic field signal to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected. Finally, based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected is determined. An electromagnetic transmitting source set on a pre-set transmitting working surface transmits an electromagnetic field signal to the stratum, and an electromagnetic receiver set on a pre-set receiving working surface receives the electromagnetic field signal from the stratum, and inverts the obtained electromagnetic field signal to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected. Finally, based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected is determined. Thus, the water hazard distribution of deeper mine strata can be detected, and the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected can be accurately obtained. This method effectively solves the problems of detection depth and accuracy of direct current detection and existing transient electromagnetic detection methods.

[0115] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0116] Based on the mine formation water hazard detection and monitoring method provided in the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a specific implementation of a mine formation water hazard detection and monitoring device applicable to the mine formation water hazard detection and monitoring method. Please refer to the following embodiment.

[0117] like Figure 4 As shown, a mine stratum water hazard detection and monitoring device 400 is provided, which includes:

[0118] an acquisition module 410 for acquiring an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is configured to receive an electromagnetic field signal emitted by an electromagnetic emission source, wherein the electromagnetic emission source is located on the pre-set emission working surface;

[0119] The signal processing module 420 is configured to perform inversion processing on the acquired electromagnetic field signal based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, wherein the stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface;

[0120] The water hazard distribution determination module 430 is configured to determine the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected based on the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation and the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected.

[0121] In a possible implementation, the signal processing module 420 is configured to construct an inversion target function of the electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity of the formation to be detected based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method;

[0122] The resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected is determined based on the forward simulation data of the acquired electromagnetic field signal, the initial value of the resistivity of the formation to be detected, and the resistivity inversion target function.

[0123] In one possible implementation, the resistivity inversion objective function is:

[0124] Φ(ρ)=|W d (uu cal )| 2 +λ|Dρ| 2 ;

[0125] Where ρ is the resistivity parameter, u is the acquired electromagnetic field signal, W d N d ×N d The number of weighted diagonal matrix, D is N ρ ×N ρ The smoothness matrix, u cal is the forward simulation data, and λ is the regularization parameter.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the regularization parameter λ is gradually reduced according to the number of iterations using a cooling strategy.

[0127] In one possible implementation, the water hazard distribution determination module 430 is configured to construct a resistivity error function of the formation to be detected based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by a pre-built simulated equivalent medium model;

[0128] Based on the pore volume model of the mine formation and the correlation between the matrix and connected fractures of the mine formation, the conversion relationship between resistivity and water saturation is constructed;

[0129] The Taylor series expansion of the transformation relationship between resistivity and water saturation is carried out and multiple iterations are performed until the resistivity error function is minimized to obtain the water saturation of the formation to be detected.

[0130] Based on the water saturation of the formation to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected is determined.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the transmitting working face and the receiving working face are both located in at least one tunnel drilled from an underground formation, and the tunnel is connected to the ground. The transmitting working face and the receiving working face are the roof and floor of the mine, the tunneling head, or the side wall.

[0132] The stratum to be detected is the stratum above the mine roof, below the floor, in front of the tunneling head or in front of the side wall corresponding to the transmitting working face and / or the receiving working face.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic receiver is an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils, the electromagnetic transmitting source is an electromagnetic field transmitting coil with a spatially variable angle, and the linear offset distance between the electromagnetic receiver and the electromagnetic transmitting source is at least 5 meters.

[0134] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 5 of this embodiment includes: a processor 50, a memory 51, and a computer program 52 stored in the memory 51 and executable on the processor 50. When the processor 50 executes the computer program 52, the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the method for detecting and monitoring water hazards in each mine formation are implemented, for example Figure 1 Alternatively, when the processor 30 executes the computer program 32, the functions of the modules in the above-mentioned device embodiments are realized, for example, Figure 4 Functions of modules 410 to 430 are shown.

[0135] Exemplarily, the computer program 52 may be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory 51 and executed by the processor 50 to implement the present invention. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of implementing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 52 in the electronic device 5. For example, the computer program 52 may be divided into Figure 4 Modules 410 to 430 are shown.

[0136] The electronic device 5 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 50 and a memory 51. Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 It is only an example of the electronic device 5 and does not constitute a limitation of the electronic device 5. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the electronic device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0137] The processor 50 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0138] The memory 51 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 5, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 5. The memory 51 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 5, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the electronic device 5. Furthermore, the memory 51 can also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 5 and an external storage device. The memory 51 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the electronic device. The memory 51 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output.

[0139] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0141] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0142] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / electronic device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0143] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0144] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0145] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned mine stratum water hazard detection and monitoring method embodiments. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0146] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata, characterized in that: include: Acquiring an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is used to receive the electromagnetic field signal emitted by the electromagnetic emission source, wherein the electromagnetic emission source is located on the pre-set emission working surface; Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the acquired electromagnetic field signal is inverted to obtain the resistivity distribution of the stratum to be detected, wherein the stratum to be detected is the stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface; Constructing a resistivity error function of the formation to be detected based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by a pre-constructed simulated equivalent medium model; Constructing a conversion relationship between the resistivity and water saturation based on a pore volume model of a mine formation and a correlation between a matrix and connected fractures of the mine formation; Performing Taylor series expansion on the conversion relationship between the resistivity and the water saturation and performing multiple iterations until the resistivity error function is minimized, thereby obtaining the water saturation of the formation to be detected; Based on the water saturation of the formation to be detected, the water hazard distribution of the formation to be detected is determined.

2. The water hazard detection and monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein: The inversion processing of the acquired electromagnetic field signal based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain the resistivity distribution of the formation to be detected includes: Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, constructing an inversion target universal function of the electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity of the formation to be detected; The resistivity distribution of the to-be-detected formation is determined based on the forward simulation data of the acquired electromagnetic field signal, the initial value of the resistivity of the to-be-detected formation, and the resistivity inversion target function.

3. The water hazard detection and monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein: The resistivity inversion objective function is: ； in, ρ is the resistivity parameter, , u is the acquired electromagnetic field signal, , W d N d ×N d The number of weighted diagonal matrix, D is The smoothness matrix of is the forward simulation data, and λ is the regularization parameter.

4. The water hazard detection and monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: The regularization parameter λ is gradually reduced according to the number of iterations using a cooling strategy.

5. The water hazard detection and monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein: The transmitting working face and the receiving working face are both located in at least one tunnel drilled from an underground stratum, and the tunnel is connected to the ground, and the transmitting working face and / or the receiving working face are the roof and floor of a mine, a tunneling head or a side wall; The stratum to be detected is the stratum above the mine roof, below the floor, in front of the tunneling head or in front of the side wall corresponding to the transmitting working face and the receiving working face.

6. The water hazard detection and monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein: The electromagnetic receiver is an array of electromagnetic field receiving coils, the electromagnetic emission source is an electromagnetic field transmitting coil with a spatially variable angle, and the linear offset distance between the electromagnetic receiver and the electromagnetic emission source is at least 5 meters.

7. A device for detecting and monitoring water hazards in mine strata, characterized in that: include: an acquisition module, configured to acquire an electromagnetic field signal detected by an electromagnetic receiver, wherein the electromagnetic receiver is located on a pre-set receiving working surface and is configured to receive an electromagnetic field signal emitted by an electromagnetic emission source, wherein the electromagnetic emission source is located on the pre-set emission working surface; a signal processing module, configured to perform inversion processing on the acquired electromagnetic field signal based on a Gauss-Newton iteration method to obtain a resistivity distribution of a stratum to be detected, wherein the stratum to be detected is a stratum corresponding to the transmitting working surface and the receiving working surface; A water hazard distribution determination module is configured to construct a resistivity error functional of the stratum to be detected based on the resistivity obtained by inverting the acquired electromagnetic field signal and the resistivity calculated by a pre-constructed simulated equivalent medium model; construct a conversion relationship between the resistivity and water saturation based on a pore volume model of the mine stratum and the correlation between the matrix and connected fractures of the mine stratum; perform a Taylor series expansion on the conversion relationship between the resistivity and water saturation and perform multiple iterations until the resistivity error functional is minimized, thereby obtaining the water saturation of the stratum to be detected; and determine the water hazard distribution of the stratum to be detected based on the water saturation of the stratum to be detected.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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