Integrated power distribution system and battery pack

Abstract

The present application provides an integrated power distribution system and a battery pack, which relate to the field of battery technology. The integrated power distribution system includes a housing and a power distribution unit, a thermal event collection device, and a fire extinguishing device arranged in the housing. The integrated power distribution system can realize the collection of thermal events through the vents on the housing, and can controllably cut off the high-voltage circuit through the power distribution unit and perform fire extinguishing operations through the fire extinguishing device when an abnormality occurs in the battery pack. The integrated power distribution system integrates the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device, and the fire extinguishing device in a housing, with a high degree of integration and small space occupation. The battery pack includes a box, a battery module, a battery management system, and the above-mentioned integrated power distribution system. The battery management system can control the fire extinguishing device and the power distribution unit to take corresponding measures based on the information fed back by the thermal event collection device to avoid the spread of thermal runaway of the battery pack and ensure the safety of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an integrated power distribution system and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, lithium-powered battery packs are basically equipped with a high-voltage distribution unit to control the on-off of the high-voltage circuit. At the same time, most battery packs do not have active fire extinguishing devices to suppress the occurrence and spread of thermal runaway events. Even if some batteries have an independent fire extinguishing system, its integration is low and it occupies a large space. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention includes providing an integrated power distribution system and a battery pack, which can realize an active fire extinguishing function, have a high degree of integration, and occupy a small space.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated power distribution system, which is applied to a battery pack. The integrated power distribution system includes:

[0006] A housing, wherein a vent is provided on the housing;

[0007] A power distribution unit disposed in the housing, used to connect or disconnect the high-voltage circuit of the battery pack;

[0008] A thermal event collection device disposed in the housing, for collecting thermal events of the battery pack;

[0009] The fire extinguishing device arranged in the outer shell is used to extinguish the fire of the battery pack.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the thermal event acquisition device includes one or more of a particle concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the fire extinguishing device includes a fire extinguishing agent releasing assembly, and the fire extinguishing agent releasing assembly is used to store and release the fire extinguishing agent.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the outer shell includes a support base and a cover body, the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are all arranged on the support base, the cover body is arranged on the support base, the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are located in the cover body, and the vent is arranged on the cover body.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the cover body includes a top plate opposite to the support seat, and a side plate connecting the top plate and the support seat, and a plurality of vents are provided on the top plate and the side plate.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0015] A box body forming a receiving cavity;

[0016] A battery module, the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the box body;

[0017] Battery management system; and

[0018] The integrated power distribution system of any of the aforementioned embodiments is connected to the accommodating cavity through the vent on the shell, and the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are all electrically connected to the battery management system.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the box body includes side walls that enclose a accommodating cavity and an outer compartment arranged outside the side walls, and an opening connecting the accommodating cavity and the outer compartment is provided on the side walls of the box body, and the battery management system and the integrated power distribution system are arranged in the outer compartment.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, an exhaust channel is provided inside the box body, an air inlet connected to the exhaust channel is opened on the inside of the box body, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells have pressure relief holes, the pressure relief holes are opposite to the air inlet, so that substances sprayed from the battery cells through the pressure relief holes can enter the exhaust channel; the exhaust channel is connected to the outer compartment through the exhaust port.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the box body further includes a bottom wall, which together with the side walls form a receiving cavity of the box body, the battery module is placed on the bottom wall, and the air inlet is arranged on the bottom wall.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the exhaust passage is arranged inside the bottom wall and the side wall, and the exhaust port is located at the inner edge of the opening.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The integrated power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing and a power distribution unit, a thermal event collection device, and a fire extinguishing device arranged in the housing. The integrated power distribution system can collect thermal events through the vents on the housing, and can controllably cut off the high-voltage circuit through the power distribution unit and perform fire extinguishing operations through the fire extinguishing device when an abnormality occurs in the battery pack. The integrated power distribution system integrates the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device, and the fire extinguishing device in a housing, with a high degree of integration and small space occupation.

[0025] The battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a box, a battery module, a battery management system and the above-mentioned integrated power distribution system. The vent of the shell of the integrated power distribution system is connected to the accommodating cavity of the box. Therefore, when the battery module in the box has thermal runaway, it will be collected by the thermal event collection device in the shell. The battery management system can control the fire extinguishing device and the power distribution unit to take corresponding measures based on the information fed back by the thermal event collection device to prevent the thermal runaway of the battery pack from spreading and ensure the safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack in an embodiment of the present application in which the outer compartment is omitted;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a box in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack in an embodiment of the present application in which one side wall is omitted;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery cell in an embodiment of the present application at a first viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a battery cell in an embodiment of the present application at a second viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated power distribution system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 This is an internal schematic diagram of an integrated power distribution system in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a control block diagram of an integrated power distribution system and a battery management system in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of a thermal event management method in one embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Icons: 010-battery pack; 100-box; 110-bottom wall; 111-air inlet; 112-exhaust channel; 120-side wall; 121-opening; 122-exhaust port; 130-external compartment; 200-battery cell; 210-shell; 220-pole; 230-pressure relief hole; 231-pressure relief part; 300-integrated power distribution system; 310-shell; 311-support seat; 312-cover; 3121-top plate; 3122-side plate; 313-vent; 320-distribution unit; 330-fire extinguishing device; 340-thermal event collection device; 400-battery management system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0044] In the related prior art, when the battery cells in the battery pack experience thermal runaway, high-temperature materials may be ejected and there is a possibility of fire. Thermal runaway is usually detected by a detection device. When thermal runaway occurs, the power distribution unit usually cuts off the high-voltage circuit of the battery pack to ensure the safety of the battery pack. In some other prior art, a fire extinguishing device may be set up separately. When thermal runaway occurs, the fire extinguishing device is controlled to perform a fire extinguishing operation to block the spread of combustion and thermal runaway. However, the fire extinguishing device is usually set up separately, and the detection device, fire extinguishing device, and power distribution unit are relatively scattered and poorly integrated, which will cause the overall volume of the battery pack to be too large and not compact enough.

[0045] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide an integrated power distribution system and a battery pack with a high degree of integration to improve the problem of large battery pack volume in related technologies.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack 010 in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack 010 in an embodiment of the present application in which the outer compartment 130 is omitted. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack 010 provided in this embodiment includes a box body 100 forming a receiving cavity, a battery module, a battery management system 400 and an integrated power distribution system 300. The battery module is arranged in the receiving cavity of the box body 100, and the integrated power distribution system 300 is electrically connected to the battery management system 400. The integrated power distribution system 300 is used to collect information in the battery pack 010 and send the collected information to the battery management system 400; the integrated power distribution system 300 can also take corresponding measures on the battery pack 010 when receiving relevant instructions sent by the battery management system 400. In this embodiment, the battery management system 400 is mounted above the integrated power distribution system 300.

[0047] In this embodiment, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 200. The battery cells 200 are square battery cells 200 and are arranged in a rectangular array. The accommodating cavity of the box body 100 is a rectangular parallelepiped to fit the battery module. It should be understood that in other optional embodiments, the battery cell 200 may also be a cylindrical battery cell, such as a 18650 model battery cell.

[0048] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a box 100 in an embodiment of the present application. Figures 1 to 3In this embodiment, the box body 100 includes a bottom wall 110, a side wall 120 and an outer compartment 130. The side wall 120 is arranged along the edge of the bottom wall 110. The bottom wall 110 and the side wall 120 together enclose a receiving cavity of the box body 100, and the bottom wall 110 is used to support the battery module. An opening 121 connecting the receiving cavity and the outer compartment 130 is arranged on the side wall 120 of the box body 100. In other words, the inner cavity of the outer compartment 130 and the receiving cavity of the box body 100 are connected through the opening 121. The battery management system 400 and the integrated power distribution system 300 are arranged in the outer compartment 130. In other optional embodiments, the box body 100 may also include a top cover, which is arranged above all the battery cells 200.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack 010 in an embodiment of the present application in which one side wall 120 is omitted. Figure 4 As shown, optionally, an exhaust channel 112 is provided inside the box body 100, and an air inlet 111 connected to the exhaust channel 112 is provided on the inner side of the box body 100. In the present embodiment, the exhaust channel 112 is buried inside the box body 100, specifically buried inside the bottom wall 110 and the side wall 120. When the battery cell 200 of the battery module undergoes thermal runaway and ejects high-temperature substances, the air inlet 111 of the exhaust channel 112 can receive the ejected substances from the battery cell 200, and then the ejected substances are collected in the exhaust channel 112 to avoid diffusion and affecting other battery cells 200. In the present embodiment, the air inlet 111 of the exhaust channel 112 is provided on the bottom wall 110, and is arranged in the same manner as the battery cell 200, so that the battery cell 200 corresponds to the air inlet 111 one by one. In this embodiment, the bottom wall 110 includes two plates spaced apart from each other, a portion of the exhaust passage 112 is formed between the two plates, and the upper plate is provided with an air inlet 111 and is used to support the battery cell.

[0050] Optionally, the exhaust channel 112 has an exhaust port 122, and the exhaust port 122 is connected to the inner cavity of the outer chamber 130. In this embodiment, the exhaust port 122 is located at the inner edge of the opening 121, so as to be connected to the outer chamber 130 through the opening 121. In other optional embodiments, the end of the bottom wall 110 can also form an edge of the opening 121, and the exhaust port 122 is set at the end of the bottom wall 110. In this embodiment, the gas of the battery cell 200 can be transported from the exhaust channel 112 in the bottom wall 110 to the side wall 120, and then sent out from the exhaust port 122 at the edge of the opening 121 of the side wall 120, and then enter the outer chamber 130.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery cell 200 in an embodiment of the present application at a first viewing angle; Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell 200 in a second viewing angle in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the battery cell 200 of this embodiment includes a shell 210, a winding core and an electrolyte arranged in the shell 210, and a pole 220 and a pressure relief hole 230 are arranged on the surface of the shell 210. In this embodiment, the pole 220 and the pressure relief hole 230 are located on opposite sides of the shell 210. A pressure relief member 231 is arranged at the pressure relief hole 230, and when the battery cell 200 is in a normal state, the pressure relief member 231 blocks the pressure relief hole 230. When the battery cell 200 has a thermal runaway and the internal pressure rises sharply to reach the threshold value, the pressure relief member 231 will rupture and open the pressure relief hole 230. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas and part of the electrolyte in the battery cell 200 will be released from the pressure relief hole 230, so the pressure relief hole 230 plays a role in directional pressure relief and prevents the battery cell 200 from exploding.

[0052] In this embodiment, since the bottom wall 110 of the box body 100 is provided with an air inlet 111 corresponding to the pressure relief hole 230 one by one, the exhaust ejected from the battery cell 200 can be directly received by the exhaust channel 112 and will not dissipate and cause thermal runaway to spread.

[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an integrated power distribution system 300 in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is an internal schematic diagram of an integrated power distribution system 300 in one embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of an integrated power distribution system 300 and a battery management system 400 in one embodiment of the present application. Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the integrated power distribution system 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 310, a power distribution unit 320, a thermal event collection device 340 and a fire extinguishing device 330. The power distribution unit 320, the thermal event collection device 340 and the fire extinguishing device 330 are all arranged in the housing 310. Among them, the power distribution unit 320 is used to connect or disconnect the high-voltage circuit of the battery pack 010; the thermal event collection device 340 is used to collect thermal events of the battery pack 010; and the fire extinguishing device 330 is used to perform fire extinguishing operations on the battery pack 010. The power distribution unit 320, the thermal event collection device 340 and the fire extinguishing device 330 can be fixed in the housing 310 by bolts or buckles.

[0054] Specifically, the fire extinguishing device 330 of this embodiment includes a fire extinguishing agent release component, which is used to store and release the fire extinguishing agent. For example, the fire extinguishing agent release component may include a tank for storing the fire extinguishing agent and a solenoid valve disposed at the opening of the tank, and the solenoid valve may controllably open the opening of the tank to release the fire extinguishing agent with a certain pressure inside.

[0055] In this embodiment, the housing 310 is provided with a vent 313, and the interior of the housing 310 can exchange substances with the outside through the vent 313. Since the outer chamber 130 is connected to the accommodating cavity of the box body 100 through the opening 121, the gas in the accommodating cavity of the box body 100 can enter the outer chamber 130 through the opening 121, and enter the housing 310 through the vent 313. The fire extinguishing agent released by the fire extinguishing device 330 can also enter the accommodating cavity of the box body 100 through the vent 313 and the opening 121.

[0056] In this embodiment, the housing 310 includes a support base 311 and a cover body 312, the power distribution unit 320, the thermal event collection device 340 and the fire extinguishing device 330 are all arranged on the support base 311, the cover body 312 is covered on the support base 311, the power distribution unit 320, the thermal event collection device 340 and the fire extinguishing device 330 are located in the cover body 312, and the vent 313 is arranged on the cover body 312. The housing 310 of this embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, the support base 311 is a rectangular plate, and the cover body 312 is a rectangular cover body 312.

[0057] Further, the cover body 312 includes a top plate 3121 opposite to the support seat 311, and a side plate 3122 connecting the top plate 3121 and the support seat 311, and a plurality of vents 313 are provided on the top plate 3121 and the side plate 3122. Specifically, the vents 313 are strip-shaped through holes, and the vents 313 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0058] The thermal event collection device 340 includes a particle concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. The particle concentration sensor is used to detect the particle concentration in the air; the temperature sensor is used to detect the gas temperature; and the pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure. When the battery cell 200 in the accommodating cavity of the box 100 has thermal runaway, there may be a fire phenomenon, and after the fire, the particle concentration in the air in the accommodating cavity of the box 100 will increase. Air containing high concentrations of particulate matter will enter the outer compartment 130 through the opening 121, and then enter the outer shell 310 through the vent 313, so that it will be detected by the particle concentration sensor; and the temperature of this part of the gas is often high, and its temperature will be detected by the temperature sensor. When the battery cell 200 in the accommodating cavity of the box 100 has thermal runaway, as the battery cell 200 is depressurized, the air pressure in the exhaust channel 112 will also increase, and the high-pressure gas will enter the outer compartment 130 along the exhaust channel 112 and the exhaust port 122, thereby affecting the air pressure in the outer compartment 130; and the increase in the air pressure in the outer compartment 130 can be detected by the pressure sensor. In addition, as the battery cell 200 experiences thermal runaway, the air pressure in the accommodating chamber of the box body 100 may also rise, which will affect the air pressure in the outer compartment 130 .

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the thermal event collection device 340 may also include one or two of a particle concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0060] The battery pack 010 provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement a thermal event management method. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor of the thermal event collection device 340 can collect the temperature information T of the battery cell 200 after thermal runaway; the particle concentration sensor can collect the gas information Q (particle concentration) after the battery cell 200 erupts molten material; the pressure sensor can detect the pressure information P. The thermal event collection device 340 can transmit this information to the battery management system 400. The battery management system 400 comprehensively determines whether a thermal runaway event occurs and whether to perform a fire extinguishing operation based on the voltage and other information collected by the thermal event collection device 340 and itself. Fig.10 This is a flow chart of a thermal event management method in one embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the thermal event management method is as follows:

[0061] (1) The battery management system 400 continuously obtains temperature T, air pressure P, and particle concentration Q through the thermal event acquisition device 340.

[0062] (2) According to the formula K = αf(T) + βf(P) + γf(Q), the comprehensive risk coefficient K is calculated to determine whether the comprehensive risk coefficient K is greater than the threshold value A. Among them, α, β, and γ are weight coefficients and are dynamic values; when soc ≥ 90%, α = 0.5, β = 0.3, γ = 0.2; when 50% < soc < 90%, α = 0.6, β = 0.3, γ = 0.1; when soc < 50%, α = 0.7, β = 0.2, γ = 0.1; among them, SOC is the state of charge of the battery cell 200, that is, the remaining power. The process of thermal runaway of the battery cell 200 is first reflected in the pressure and temperature. Before the pressure of the battery cell 200 is released, the temperature in the battery pack 010 will rise sharply; after the pressure is released, the pressure in the battery pack 010 will increase rapidly, and the particle concentration needs a certain time to diffuse to the particle concentration sensor position to be collected, so α> β> γ. Under normal circumstances, it is only necessary to monitor and judge the K value, which can save calculation steps and acquisition speed. If K is not greater than A, continue to obtain temperature T, air pressure P, and particle concentration Q. When K>A, the system further determines whether thermal runaway occurs based on T, P, and Q.

[0063] (3) When the comprehensive risk factor K>A, determine whether the following three indicators are met:

[0064] The temperature T is greater than the first preset value a1 and the change rate k1=△T / t is greater than the second preset value a2;

[0065] The pressure P is greater than the third preset value a3 and the change rate k2=ΔP / t is greater than the fourth preset value a4;

[0066] The particle concentration Q is greater than the fifth preset value a5 and the change rate k3 = ΔQ / t is greater than the sixth preset value a6.

[0067] If at least two of the above three indicators are met, it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred in the battery cell 200, the battery management system 400 issues an alarm to alert the user, and sends a signal to the integrated power distribution system 300, the distribution unit 320 of the integrated power distribution system 300 disconnects the high-voltage circuit, and the fire extinguishing device 330 performs a fire extinguishing operation.

[0068] If only one of the above three indicators is met, the battery management system 400 outputs an alarm message to prompt the user, and then determines whether thermal runaway has occurred through manual troubleshooting. If it is manually determined that thermal runaway has occurred, the battery management system 400 sends a signal to the integrated power distribution system 300, the power distribution unit 320 of the integrated power distribution system 300 disconnects the high-voltage circuit, and the fire extinguishing device 330 performs a fire extinguishing operation. If it is manually determined that thermal runaway has not occurred, the alarm is eliminated and the temperature T, air pressure P, and particle concentration Q continue to be collected.

[0069] When the fire extinguishing device 330 performs the fire extinguishing operation, the fire extinguishing agent can smoothly flow into the accommodating cavity of the box body 100 and the exhaust channel 112, preventing the thermal runaway battery cell 200 from continuing the violent chemical reaction, isolating the air at the reaction position and absorbing a large amount of heat, thereby achieving the effects of flame retardancy, cooling, and preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0070] In summary, the integrated power distribution system 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 310 and a power distribution unit 320, a thermal event collection device 340, and a fire extinguishing device 330 disposed in the housing 310. The integrated power distribution system 300 can realize the collection of thermal events through the vent 313 on the housing 310, and can controllably cut off the high-voltage circuit through the power distribution unit 320 and perform fire extinguishing operations through the fire extinguishing device 330 when an abnormality occurs in the battery pack 010. The integrated power distribution system 300 integrates the power distribution unit 320, the thermal event collection device 340, and the fire extinguishing device 330 in a housing 310, with a high degree of integration and small space occupation.

[0071] The battery pack 010 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a box 100, a battery module, a battery management system 400 and the above-mentioned integrated power distribution system 300. The vent 313 of the housing 310 of the integrated power distribution system 300 is connected to the accommodating cavity of the box 100. Therefore, when the battery module in the box 100 has thermal runaway, it will be collected by the thermal event collection device 340 in the housing 310. The battery management system 400 can control the fire extinguishing device 330 and the power distribution unit 320 to take corresponding measures according to the information fed back by the thermal event collection device 340 to prevent the thermal runaway of the battery pack 010 from spreading and ensure the safety of the battery pack 010.

[0072] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A box body forming a receiving cavity, and a battery module, wherein the battery module is arranged in the receiving cavity of the box body; Battery management system; And an integrated power distribution system, characterized in that the integrated power distribution system comprises: a shell, which is provided with a vent; a power distribution unit arranged in the shell, used to connect or disconnect the high-voltage circuit of the battery pack; a thermal event collection device arranged in the shell, used to collect thermal events of the battery pack; a fire extinguishing device arranged in the shell, used to perform fire extinguishing operations on the battery pack; the integrated power distribution system is connected with the accommodating cavity through the vent on the shell, and the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are all electrically connected to the battery management system; the box body comprises side walls surrounding the accommodating cavity and an outer bin arranged outside the side walls, the side walls of the box body are provided with an opening connecting the accommodating cavity and the outer bin, and the battery management system and the integrated power distribution system are arranged in the outer bin; an exhaust channel is provided inside the box body, and an air inlet connected to the exhaust channel is opened on the inner side of the box body.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal event acquisition device includes one or more of a particle concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing device comprises a fire extinguishing agent releasing assembly, and the fire extinguishing agent releasing assembly is used for storing and releasing the fire extinguishing agent.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell includes a support base and a cover body, the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are all arranged on the support base, the cover body is covered on the support base, the power distribution unit, the thermal event collection device and the fire extinguishing device are located in the cover body, and the vent is arranged in the cover body.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cover body includes a top plate opposite to the support seat, and a side plate connecting the top plate and the support seat, and a plurality of vents are provided on the top plate and the side plates.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust channel is provided inside the box, an air inlet connected to the exhaust channel is provided inside the box, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells have pressure relief holes, and the pressure relief holes are opposite to the air inlet, so that substances ejected from the battery cells through the pressure relief holes can enter the exhaust channel; The exhaust passage is communicated with the outer chamber through an exhaust port.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The box body further includes a bottom wall, which together with the side walls encloses a receiving cavity of the box body, the battery module is placed on the bottom wall, and the air inlet is arranged on the bottom wall.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust passage is arranged inside the bottom wall and the side wall, and the exhaust port is located at the inner edge of the opening.

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