Automatic installation and dismounting device for lower slewing bearing and standard section of tower crane

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic installation and disassembly devices between lower slewing support and standard section of tower crane, and the automatic installation and disassembly device is fixedly installed with one fixed support in the four corners of lower slewing support;Synchronous belt module is arranged along the vertical direction, and the bottom end is fixedly installed in fixed support;Synchronous belt module is provided with upper stopper and lower stopper;A pair of electric wrenches are fixedly installed on lifting platform by wrench fixing device;Along the vertical direction, electric wrench and self-locking bolt are one-to-one corresponding;Self-locking bolt is used to connect lower slewing support and standard section;Nut tightening device of electric wrench is connected with telescopic sleeve;Telescopic sleeve can be elastically telescoped along the vertical direction, for disassembling corresponding self-locking bolt position.The above-mentioned automatic installation and disassembly device reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves installation efficiency, avoids falling risk and other problems in the construction process of workers, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation, high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tower crane technology, and more specifically to an automated installation and dismantling device for the lower slewing support and standard section of a tower crane. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the connection between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section during the lifting and adding of sections in bolt-hole type standard section tower cranes presents the following problems: During the tower crane installation process, each time a standard section is lifted, manual connection and disassembly of the bolts and nuts between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section is required. Workers need to repeatedly use long-handled torque wrenches, and the working space for these wrenches is limited, making the entire process labor-intensive and difficult. Furthermore, during the manual installation and disassembly of nuts, the operating position and standing space of the installers are quite confined, involving both working at height and near edges, making them highly susceptible to falls and injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an automated installation and dismantling device for the lower slewing support and standard section of a tower crane, which aims to reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve installation efficiency, and avoid the risk of workers falling during construction. It also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, and high reliability.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following specific technical solution:

[0005] An automated installation and dismantling device for the lower slewing support and standard section of a tower crane is disclosed. The automated installation and dismantling device includes a fixed support, a synchronous belt module, a lifting platform, an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, an electric wrench, a wrench fixing device, a telescopic sleeve, and a self-locking bolt.

[0006] Each of the four corners of the lower slewing support is fixedly installed with a fixed support;

[0007] The synchronous belt module is arranged vertically and its bottom end is fixedly installed on the fixed support, which is used to drive the lifting platform to move up and down; the synchronous belt module is provided with an upper limit switch for limiting the top position of the lifting platform and a lower limit switch for limiting the bottom position of the lifting platform.

[0008] A pair of electric wrenches are fixedly installed on the lifting platform by the wrench fixing device; along the vertical direction, the electric wrenches correspond one-to-one with the self-locking bolts;

[0009] The self-locking bolt is used to connect the lower slewing support and the standard section;

[0010] The nut tightening device of the electric wrench is connected to the telescopic sleeve;

[0011] The telescopic sleeve can elastically extend and retract in the vertical direction, and is used to assemble and disassemble the self-locking bolts at the corresponding positions.

[0012] Furthermore, the self-locking bolt includes a slotted smooth head screw, a nut, a screw fixing sleeve, a slider, a ring spring, a positioning pin, a toggle plate, and an upper end cap;

[0013] The slotted die screw and the telescopic sleeve are movably connected through the actuating plate; the top of the slotted die screw is provided with a square boss, the actuating plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the square boss, and the upper end cover is fixedly installed on the square boss by screws, the upper end cover is used to press the actuating plate tightly against the slotted die screw.

[0014] The actuating plate is provided with actuating teeth that protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the slotted sprue screw;

[0015] The bottom end of the slotted sprue screw is chamfered and the outer circumferential surface is provided with multiple grooves;

[0016] The screw fixing sleeve is provided with a central hole that is inserted and mated with the slotted smooth head screw, a concave platform hole that corresponds one-to-one with the groove, and an annular groove provided along the circumference.

[0017] The recessed holes are all located within the annular groove, and a slider is inserted into each of the recessed holes;

[0018] The inner end of the slider is rounded on one side along the circumference, which allows the slider to slide out of the groove when the slotted screw rotates toward the rounded side.

[0019] The outer end face of the slider is provided with an arc groove;

[0020] The annular spring is sleeved within the arc-shaped groove and the annular groove;

[0021] The nut is threadedly connected to the slotted smooth head screw;

[0022] The locating pins distributed circumferentially are fixedly installed on the top surface of the screw fixing sleeve;

[0023] When the bottom end of the slotted die screw is inserted into the center hole of the screw fixing sleeve, the inner end of the slider is embedded in the groove under the elastic force of the ring spring, thus locking the slotted die screw in the screw fixing sleeve.

[0024] Furthermore, the telescopic sleeve includes an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, a torque sensor, and an elastic buffer with displacement monitoring;

[0025] The upper sleeve is fixedly connected to the nut tightening device;

[0026] The upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are connected by a spline and are slidably connected in the vertical direction;

[0027] The elastic buffer is installed between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve;

[0028] The lower sleeve is equipped with a torque sensor for detecting tightening torque;

[0029] The elastic buffer is used to detect the amount of compression between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve;

[0030] The lower sleeve is provided with a guide surface for guiding the nut into the central hole, a polygonal hole that matches the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the nut, and a paving groove that is spaced circumferentially and corresponds to the paving teeth.

[0031] The top of the self-locking bolt is positioned between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve by the actuating tooth;

[0032] When the self-locking bolt is disassembled, the actuating tooth engages in the actuating groove, and the upper sleeve is driven in the opposite direction by the electric wrench to make the slider slide out of the groove of the slotted smooth head screw, thereby unlocking the slider from the slotted smooth head screw.

[0033] Furthermore, the telescopic sleeve also includes a positioning pin and a safety pin;

[0034] The outer circumferential surface of the upper sleeve is provided with a pair of guide grooves evenly distributed along the circumferential direction;

[0035] The lower sleeve is provided with threaded holes that correspond one-to-one with the guide grooves;

[0036] The positioning pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole and extends into the guide groove to realize the sliding connection between the lower sleeve and the upper sleeve;

[0037] The top of the upper sleeve is fitted with the nut tightening device through a square hole and is provided with a radially extending through hole. The safety pin is inserted into the through hole to prevent the upper sleeve from disengaging from the nut tightening device.

[0038] Furthermore, both the lower slewing support and the standard section are fixedly installed with bolt sleeves that correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction, and the bolt sleeves are used to pass through the slotted smooth head screw.

[0039] The bottom end face of the bolt sleeve of the standard section is provided with positioning holes that correspond one-to-one with the positioning pins.

[0040] Beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The automated installation and dismantling device of the present invention includes a fixed support, a synchronous belt module, a lifting platform, an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, an electric wrench, a wrench fixing device, a telescopic sleeve, and self-locking bolts. An automated installation and dismantling device is installed at each of the four corners of the lower slewing support. The automated installation and dismantling device is fixedly installed on the lower slewing support via the fixed support. The synchronous belt module installed on the fixed support drives the lifting platform to move up and down, thereby driving the electric wrench and telescopic sleeve to move vertically to accommodate bolts of different heights. The telescopic sleeve can elastically extend and retract vertically. The electric wrench and telescopic sleeve can be used to install and remove the self-locking bolts at corresponding positions. Therefore, the above-mentioned automated installation and dismantling device can automatically install and remove the self-locking bolts used to connect the lower slewing support and the standard section without manual operation, reducing the labor intensity of workers, improving installation efficiency, avoiding the risk of falls during construction, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, and high reliability.

[0042] 2. The self-locking bolt of the automated installation and removal device of the present invention includes a slotted smooth head screw, a nut, a screw fixing sleeve, a slider, a ring spring, a positioning pin, a toggle plate, and an upper end cover; the slotted smooth head screw and the telescopic sleeve are movably connected through the toggle plate, so that the slotted smooth head screw is always connected to the telescopic sleeve; the screw fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the standard section, and the slotted smooth head screw and the screw fixing sleeve can be connected and unlocked through the insertion and engagement of the slider and the groove, which simplifies the installation and removal of the self-locking bolt, thereby realizing the possibility of automatic installation and removal and improving the efficiency of installation and removal.

[0043] 3. The telescopic sleeve of the automated installation and removal device of the present invention includes an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, a torque sensor, and an elastic buffer with displacement monitoring. The elastic buffer is used to detect the compression between the upper and lower sleeves, and can also solve the problem of asynchronous strokes when a pair of nuts are installed simultaneously. The lower sleeve is provided with a guide surface for guiding the nut into the central hole, a polygonal hole that matches the shape of the nut's outer circumference, and actuating grooves that are spaced circumferentially and correspond to the actuating teeth. The guide surface facilitates the nut's entry into the lower sleeve, and the polygonal hole matches the shape of the nut to achieve the tightening or loosening of the nut. The top of the self-locking bolt is limited by the actuating teeth between the upper and lower sleeves. To prevent the slotted bolt from falling off, when the self-locking bolt is disassembled, the actuating teeth engage in the actuating groove. An electric wrench drives the upper sleeve in the opposite direction, causing the slider to slide out of the groove on the slotted bolt, thus unlocking the slider from the bolt. Through the cooperation of the actuating teeth and the actuating groove, during the tightening of the nut, the actuating teeth are positioned above the actuating groove, disengaging from it. When the nut needs to be disassembled, the actuating teeth engage in the actuating groove, connecting the telescopic sleeve, the nut, and the slotted bolt together, allowing them to rotate in opposite directions simultaneously. This unlocks the slotted bolt from the bolt fixing sleeve, enabling the slotted bolt to be pulled out of the bolt fixing sleeve, thus achieving automatic disassembly between the lower slewing support and the standard section.

[0044] 4. The telescopic sleeve of the automated installation and dismantling device of the present invention also includes a safety pin. The top of the upper sleeve is provided with a radially extending through hole. The safety pin is inserted into the through hole. The safety pin can prevent the upper sleeve from disengaging from the nut tightening device, reduce safety hazards, and improve the safety of the automated installation and dismantling device. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the automated installation and dismantling device of the present invention between the lower slewing support and the standard section of the tower crane;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automated installation and removal device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-locking bolt;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the slotted smooth-head screw and screw fixing sleeve in a self-locking bolt;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the telescopic sleeve;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the telescopic sleeve;

[0051] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the self-locking bolt and the lower sleeve.

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the screw fixing sleeve and the bolt sleeve of the standard section;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the automated installation and removal device;

[0054] Among them, 1-lower slewing support, 2-automatic installation and dismantling device, 3-standard section, 4-fixed support, 5-synchronous belt module, 6-lifting platform, 7-upper limit switch, 8-lower limit switch, 9-electric wrench, 10-wrench fixing device, 11-telescopic sleeve, 12-self-locking bolt, 13-slotted smooth head screw, 14-nut, 15-screw fixing sleeve, 16-slider, 17-ring spring, 18-positioning pin, 19-upper end cover 20-Actuating plate, 21-Screw, 22-Groove, 23-Concave hole, 24-Annular groove, 25-Arc groove, 26-Chamfer, 27-Rounding, 28-Upper sleeve, 29-Lower sleeve, 30-Elastic buffer, 31-Positioning pin, 32-Through hole, 33-Spline, 34-Guide groove, 35-Threaded hole, 36-Square hole, 37-Actuating tooth, 38-Stop, 39-Actuating groove, 40-Bolt sleeve, 41-Positioning hole Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] The tower crane includes a lower slewing support 1 and a standard section 3. During the self-lifting process of the tower crane, the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 need to be disassembled and assembled each time a standard section 3 is lifted. In the prior art, two bolt sleeves 40 are respectively set at the four corners of the lower slewing support 1 and the four corners of the standard section 3. The bolt sleeves 40 of the lower slewing support 1 are located at the upper part, and the bolt sleeves 40 of the standard section 3 are located at the lower part. After the bolt passes through the corresponding upper and lower bolt sleeves 40, it is threadedly connected to the nut 14 to realize the connection and fixation of the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3. The lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 can be disassembled and connected manually.

[0057] This embodiment provides an automated installation and removal device 2 between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 of a tower crane, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown in the structure, the automated installation and removal device 2 can simultaneously tighten and loosen two bolts. The automated installation and removal device 2 is installed on the lower slewing support 1. Each of the four corners of the lower slewing support 1 is equipped with an automated tightening device, which can simultaneously tighten and loosen the eight self-locking bolts 12 at the four corners of the lower slewing support 1.

[0058] like Figure 2As shown in the structure, the automated installation and dismantling device 2 includes a fixed support 4, a synchronous belt module 5, a lifting platform 6, an upper limit switch 7, a lower limit switch 8, an electric wrench 9, a wrench fixing device 10, a telescopic sleeve 11, and a self-locking bolt 12.

[0059] A fixed support 4 is fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the lower slewing support 1;

[0060] The synchronous belt module 5 is arranged vertically and its bottom end is fixedly installed on the fixed support 4. It is used to drive the lifting platform 6 to move up and down. The synchronous belt module 5 is provided with an upper limit switch 7 for limiting the top position of the lifting platform 6 and a lower limit switch 8 for limiting the bottom position of the lifting platform 6. There can be one synchronous belt module 5 or two synchronous belt modules 5. In this embodiment, two parallel synchronous belt modules 5 are used as an example for explanation. The synchronous belt module 5 may include a motor, a reducer and a transmission mechanism, which converts the rotational motion of the motor into reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, thereby driving the lifting platform 6 to move in the vertical direction.

[0061] A pair of electric wrenches 9 are fixedly installed on the lifting platform 6 by a wrench fixing device 10; along the vertical direction, the electric wrenches 9 correspond one-to-one with the self-locking bolts 12; each electric wrench 9 corresponds to one self-locking bolt 12; the two electric wrenches 9 can simultaneously remove two self-locking bolts 12 at one corner of the lower slewing support 1; the four automatic installation and removal devices 2 set at the four corners can simultaneously remove eight self-locking bolts 12 connecting the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3.

[0062] Self-locking bolt 12 is used to connect the lower slewing bearing 1 and the standard section 3;

[0063] The electric wrench 9 has a nut 14 tightening device connected to a telescopic sleeve 11;

[0064] The telescopic sleeve 11 can elastically extend and retract in the vertical direction, and is used to install and remove the self-locking bolt 12 corresponding to the position.

[0065] The aforementioned automated installation and dismantling device 2 includes a fixed support 4, a synchronous belt module 5, a lifting platform 6, an upper limit switch 7, a lower limit switch 8, an electric wrench 9, a wrench fixing device 10, a telescopic sleeve 11, and self-locking bolts 12. An automated installation and dismantling device 2 is installed at each of the four corners of the lower slewing support 1. The automated installation and dismantling device 2 is fixedly installed on the lower slewing support 1 via the fixed support 4. The synchronous belt module 5 installed on the fixed support 4 drives the lifting platform 6 to move up and down, thereby driving the electric wrench 9 and the telescopic sleeve 11 to move vertically to accommodate bolts of different heights. The telescopic sleeve 11 can elastically extend and retract vertically. The electric wrench 9 and the telescopic sleeve 11 can be used to install and remove the self-locking bolts 12 at corresponding positions. Therefore, the aforementioned automated installation and dismantling device 2 can automatically install and remove the self-locking bolts 12 used to connect the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 without manual operation, reducing the labor intensity of workers, improving installation efficiency, avoiding the risk of falls during construction, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, and high reliability.

[0066] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the self-locking bolt 12 includes a slotted smooth head screw 13, a nut 14, a screw fixing sleeve 15, a slider 16, a ring spring 17, a positioning pin 18, a toggle plate 20, and an upper end cover 19.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, the slotted die screw 13 and the telescopic sleeve 11 are movably connected by the actuating plate 20; the top of the slotted die screw 13 is provided with a square boss (not shown in the figure), the actuating plate 20 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the square boss, and the upper end cover 19 is fixedly installed on the square boss by screws 21. The upper end cover 19 is used to press the actuating plate 20 against the slotted die screw 13.

[0068] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the actuating plate 20 is provided with actuating teeth 37 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the slotted polished head screw 13; multiple actuating teeth 37 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the slotted polished head screw 13.

[0069] like Figure 4As shown, the bottom end of the slotted screw head 13 is provided with a chamfer 26 and multiple grooves 22 are provided on its outer circumference. The chamfer 26 facilitates the insertion of the slotted screw head 13 into the screw fixing sleeve 15. The multiple grooves 22 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the slotted screw head 13, and the grooves 22 can be rectangular grooves 22. The screw fixing sleeve 15 is provided with a central hole that fits into the slotted screw head 13, a recessed hole 23 that corresponds one-to-one with the grooves 22, and an annular groove 24 arranged along the circumference. The top of the screw fixing sleeve 15 is provided with a central hole, which can be a blind hole with an open top, and is clearance-fitted with the slotted screw head 13. The interior of the recessed hole 23 is connected to the central hole, so that the slider 16 inserted into the recessed hole 23 can be inserted into the groove 22. The recessed holes 23 are all located within the annular groove 24. A slider 16 is inserted into each recessed hole 23; the inner end of the slider 16 is rounded 27 on one side along the circumference, which allows the slider 16 to slide out of the groove 22 when the slotted screw 13 rotates toward the rounded side 27; the outer end face of the slider 16 is provided with an arc groove 25; the annular spring 17 is sleeved in the arc groove 25 and the annular groove 24; the arc groove 25 and the annular groove 24 can accommodate the annular spring 17, thereby limiting the axial position of the annular spring 17 and preventing the annular spring 17 from falling off and causing safety hazards. At the same time, the annular spring 17 can restrain the slider 16 when it slides out of the groove 22, preventing the slider 16 from falling out of the recessed hole 23; the nut 14 is threadedly connected to the slotted screw 13.

[0070] Positioning pins 18 distributed circumferentially are fixedly installed on the top surface of the screw fixing sleeve 15; such as Figure 4 As shown, four locating pins 18 are evenly distributed on the top surface of the screw fixing sleeve 15;

[0071] When the bottom end of the slotted screw 13 is inserted into the center hole of the screw fixing sleeve 15, the inner end of the slider 16 is embedded in the groove 22 under the elastic force of the ring spring 17, thus locking the slotted screw 13 in the screw fixing sleeve 15.

[0072] The self-locking bolt 12 includes a slotted smooth head screw 13, a nut 14, a screw fixing sleeve 15, a slider 16, a ring spring 17, a positioning pin 18, a toggle plate 20, and an upper end cover 19. The slotted smooth head screw 13 and the telescopic sleeve 11 are movably connected through the toggle plate 20, so that the slotted smooth head screw 13 is always connected to the telescopic sleeve 11. The screw fixing sleeve 15 is fixedly installed on the standard section 3. The slotted smooth head screw 13 and the screw fixing sleeve 15 can be connected and unlocked through the insertion and engagement of the slider 16 and the groove 22, which simplifies the disassembly and assembly of the self-locking bolt 12, thereby realizing the possibility of automatic disassembly and assembly and improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0073] like Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic sleeve 11 includes an upper sleeve 28, a lower sleeve 29, a torque sensor, and an elastic buffer 30 with displacement monitoring. The upper sleeve 28 is fixedly connected to the tightening device of the nut 14. The upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29 are connected by a spline 33 and are slidably connected in the vertical direction. An elastic buffer 30 is installed between the upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29. The lower sleeve 29 is equipped with a torque sensor for detecting the tightening torque. The torque sensor can monitor the tightening torque value in real time, which facilitates stopping the tightening action of the electric wrench 9 after tightening. The elastic buffer 30 is used to detect the compression between the upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29. The lower sleeve 29 is provided with a guide for the nut 14 to enter the middle. The guide surface of the core hole, the polygonal hole that matches the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the nut 14, and the actuating grooves 39 that are spaced apart circumferentially and correspond to the actuating teeth 37; the polygonal hole can be a regular dodecagonal hole; the actuating grooves 39 are evenly distributed circumferentially and spaced apart circumferentially, and a baffle 38 is provided between adjacent actuating grooves 39 for separation; the top of the self-locking bolt 12 is limited between the upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29 by the actuating teeth 37; when the self-locking bolt 12 is disassembled, the actuating teeth 37 are engaged in the actuating grooves 39, and the upper sleeve 28 is driven in the opposite direction by the electric wrench 9 to make the slider 16 slide out of the groove 22 of the slotted smooth head screw 13, thereby unlocking the slider 16 from the slotted smooth head screw 13.

[0074] Since the telescopic sleeve 11 includes an upper sleeve 28, a lower sleeve 29, a torque sensor, and an elastic buffer 30 with displacement monitoring, the elastic buffer 30 is used to detect the compression between the upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29. The elastic buffer 30 also solves the problem of asynchronous strokes when a pair of nuts 14 are installed simultaneously. The lower sleeve 29 is provided with a guide surface for guiding the nut 14 into the central hole, a polygonal hole that matches the shape of the outer circumference of the nut 14, and circumferentially spaced actuating grooves 39 that correspond to and cooperate with the actuating teeth 37. The guide surface facilitates the entry of the nut 14 into the lower sleeve 29, and the polygonal hole, in cooperation with the shape of the nut 14, allows for the tightening or loosening of the nut 14. The top of the self-locking bolt 12 is limited between the upper sleeve 28 and the lower sleeve 29 by the actuating teeth 37, preventing the slotted bolt 13 from falling off. When the self-locking bolt 12 is disassembled, the actuating tooth 37 engages in the actuating groove 39. The electric wrench 9 drives the upper sleeve 28 in the opposite direction, causing the slider 16 to slide out of the groove 22 of the slotted smooth head screw 13, thus unlocking the slider 16 from the slotted smooth head screw 13. Through the cooperation of the actuating tooth 37 and the actuating groove 39, during the tightening of the nut 14, the actuating tooth 37 is located above the actuating groove 39, causing the actuating tooth 37 to disengage from the actuating groove 39. When it is necessary to disassemble the nut 14, the actuating tooth 37 engages in the actuating groove 39, so that the telescopic sleeve 11, the nut 14 and the slotted smooth head screw 13 are connected as one and can rotate in the opposite direction at the same time, thus unlocking the slotted smooth head screw 13 from the screw fixing sleeve 15. This allows the slotted smooth head screw 13 to be pulled out from the screw fixing sleeve 15, realizing the automatic disassembly between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3.

[0075] Furthermore, the telescopic sleeve 11 may also include a positioning pin 31 and a safety pin; the outer circumferential surface of the upper sleeve 28 is provided with a pair of guide grooves 34 evenly distributed circumferentially, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the two guide grooves 34 are 180° apart circumferentially; the lower sleeve 29 is provided with threaded holes 35 corresponding to the guide grooves 34; the positioning pin 31 is threadedly connected to the threaded holes 35 and extends into the guide grooves 34 to realize the sliding connection between the lower sleeve 29 and the upper sleeve 28; the top of the upper sleeve 28 is fitted with the tightening device of the nut 14 through a square hole 36 and is provided with a radially extending through hole 32, in which a safety pin is inserted to prevent the upper sleeve 28 from disengaging from the tightening device of the nut 14.

[0076] Since the telescopic sleeve 11 also includes a positioning pin 31 and a safety pin; the positioning pin 31 is installed by threaded connection between the positioning pin 31 and the lower sleeve 29. The inner end of the positioning pin 31 extends into the guide groove 34, allowing the lower sleeve 29 to slide up and down along the upper sleeve 28 to achieve a sliding connection. The sliding of the lower sleeve 29 relative to the upper sleeve 28 allows a pair of nuts 14 to be installed and removed synchronously. The top of the upper sleeve 28 is provided with a radially extending through hole 32. A safety pin is inserted into the through hole 32. The safety pin can prevent the upper sleeve 28 from detaching from the nut 14 tightening device, reducing safety hazards and improving the safety of the automated installation and removal device 2.

[0077] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, both the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 are fixedly installed with bolt sleeves 40 that correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction. The bolt sleeves 40 are used to pass through the slotted smooth head screw 13, and the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 are fixedly connected by nuts 14 that are threaded to the slotted smooth head screw 13. Positioning holes 41 corresponding one-to-one with positioning pins 18 are provided on the bottom end face of the bolt sleeves 40 of the standard section 3. During use, the positioning pins 18 are first aligned with the positioning holes 41 of the bolt sleeves 40 on the standard section 3, and... After inserting the screw into place, weld the screw fixing sleeve 15 to the bottom end face of the bolt sleeve 40. When connecting the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3, the slotted smooth head screw 13 passes through the bolt sleeve 40 of the lower slewing support 1 and the bolt sleeve 40 of the standard section 3 in sequence, and finally inserts into the center hole of the screw fixing sleeve 15. The slotted smooth head screw 13 is locked in the screw fixing sleeve 15 by multiple sliders 16. Then tighten the nut 14 on the slotted smooth head screw 13 to complete the fixed connection between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3.

[0078] When the electric wrench 9 is turned clockwise to tighten the nut 14, the slotted smooth head screw 13 is locked by the slider 16 embedded in the groove 22. When the electric wrench 9 is turned counterclockwise to remove the nut 14, the slotted smooth head screw 13 is released from the slider 16. Then the slotted smooth head screw 13 is raised so that its bottom end is pulled out from the bolt sleeve 40 of the standard section 3, thereby realizing the disassembly of the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3.

[0079] The tightening process using the aforementioned automated installation and removal device 2 is as follows:

[0080] First step, such as Figure 8 As shown, the bolt fixing sleeve is positioned by inserting it into the bolt sleeve 40 of the standard section 3 through the positioning pin 18 and the positioning hole 41, and then the bolt fixing sleeve is welded onto the bolt sleeve 40.

[0081] The second step, as Figure 9As shown, the nut 14 is pre-installed on the thread of the slotted smooth head screw 13, and the upper end of the slotted smooth head screw 13 with the nut 14 pre-installed is assembled with the lower sleeve 29; the lower end of the slotted smooth head screw 13 is inserted into the bolt sleeve 40 of the lower slewing support 1; the height of the lifting platform 6 is adjusted by the synchronous belt module 5, so that the end of the slotted smooth head screw 13 is flush with the lower end of the bolt sleeve 40 of the lower slewing support 1.

[0082] Third step, after the standard section 3 is introduced and positioned, the synchronous belt module 5 drives the lifting platform 6 to move downward. The end of the slotted smooth head screw 13 reaches the bottom of the screw fixing sleeve 15. At this time, the lifting platform 6 stops descending, the electric wrench 9 rotates clockwise, and the stop 38 of the lower sleeve 29 drives the actuating plate 20 to rotate the slotted smooth head screw 13 clockwise. When the torque sensor in the telescopic sleeve 11 detects that the torque is greater than a certain value, it indicates that the slider 16 in the screw fixing sleeve 15 has entered the groove 22 of the slotted smooth head screw 13.

[0083] In the fourth step, the lifting platform 6 descends, compressing the telescopic sleeve 11 to its limit position. At this time, the nut 14 may not have entered the telescopic sleeve 11. The electric wrench 9 rotates 30° clockwise. During the rotation of the electric wrench 9, the compression of the telescopic sleeve 11 changes abruptly, that is, the nut 14 enters the telescopic sleeve 11. At this time, the electric wrench 9 rotates clockwise to tighten the nut 14 to the specified torque. Then the electric wrench 9 stops moving, and the connection between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3 is completed.

[0084] The disassembly process using the aforementioned automated installation and disassembly device 2 is as follows:

[0085] The electric wrench 9 is rotated 720° counterclockwise to loosen the nut 14. The lifting platform 6 rises until the actuating groove 39 of the lower sleeve 29 engages with the actuating tooth 37. The electric wrench 9 is rotated counterclockwise, and the slider 16 inside the screw fixing sleeve 15 is pushed out. The slider 16 disengages from the groove 22 of the slotted head screw 13. The lifting platform 6 rises to the upper limit switch 7, reaching the initial position of the device, completing the disassembly process between the lower slewing support 1 and the standard section 3.

[0086] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated installation and dismantling device for the lower slewing support and standard section of a tower crane, characterized in that, Includes fixed supports, synchronous belt modules, lifting platforms, upper limit switches, lower limit switches, electric wrenches, wrench fixing devices, telescopic sleeves, and self-locking bolts; Each of the four corners of the lower slewing support is fixedly installed with a fixed support; The synchronous belt module is arranged vertically and its bottom end is fixedly installed on the fixed support, which is used to drive the lifting platform to move up and down; the synchronous belt module is provided with an upper limit switch for limiting the top position of the lifting platform and a lower limit switch for limiting the bottom position of the lifting platform. A pair of electric wrenches are fixedly installed on the lifting platform by the wrench fixing device; along the vertical direction, the electric wrenches correspond one-to-one with the self-locking bolts; The self-locking bolt is used to connect the lower slewing support and the standard section; The nut tightening device of the electric wrench is connected to the telescopic sleeve; The telescopic sleeve can elastically extend and retract in the vertical direction, and is used to assemble and disassemble the self-locking bolts at the corresponding positions; The self-locking bolt includes a slotted smooth head screw, a nut, a screw fixing sleeve, a slider, a ring spring, a positioning pin, a toggle plate, and an upper end cap; The slotted die screw and the telescopic sleeve are movably connected through the actuating plate; the top of the slotted die screw is provided with a square boss, the actuating plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the square boss, and the upper end cover is fixedly installed on the square boss by screws, the upper end cover is used to press the actuating plate tightly against the slotted die screw. The actuating plate is provided with actuating teeth that protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the slotted sprue screw; The bottom end of the slotted sprue screw is chamfered and the outer circumferential surface is provided with multiple grooves; The screw fixing sleeve is provided with a central hole that is inserted and mated with the slotted smooth head screw, a concave platform hole that corresponds one-to-one with the groove, and an annular groove provided along the circumference. The recessed holes are all located within the annular groove, and a slider is inserted into each of the recessed holes; The inner end of the slider is rounded on one side along the circumference, which allows the slider to slide out of the groove when the slotted screw rotates toward the rounded side. The outer end face of the slider is provided with an arc groove; The annular spring is sleeved within the arc-shaped groove and the annular groove; The nut is threadedly connected to the slotted smooth head screw; The locating pins distributed circumferentially are fixedly installed on the top surface of the screw fixing sleeve; When the bottom end of the slotted die screw is inserted into the center hole of the screw fixing sleeve, the inner end of the slider is embedded in the groove under the elastic force of the ring spring, thus locking the slotted die screw in the screw fixing sleeve.

2. The automated installation and removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic sleeve includes an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, a torque sensor, and an elastic buffer with displacement monitoring. The upper sleeve is fixedly connected to the nut tightening device; The upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are connected by a spline and are slidably connected in the vertical direction; The elastic buffer is installed between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; The lower sleeve is equipped with a torque sensor for detecting tightening torque; The elastic buffer is used to detect the amount of compression between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; The lower sleeve is provided with a guide surface for guiding the nut into the central hole, a polygonal hole that matches the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the nut, and a paving groove that is spaced circumferentially and corresponds to the paving teeth. The top of the self-locking bolt is positioned between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve by the actuating tooth; When the self-locking bolt is disassembled, the actuating tooth engages in the actuating groove, and the upper sleeve is driven in the opposite direction by the electric wrench to make the slider slide out of the groove of the slotted smooth head screw, thereby unlocking the slider from the slotted smooth head screw.

3. The automated installation and removal device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic sleeve also includes a positioning pin and a safety pin; The outer circumferential surface of the upper sleeve is provided with a pair of guide grooves evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; The lower sleeve is provided with threaded holes that correspond one-to-one with the guide grooves; The positioning pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole and extends into the guide groove to realize the sliding connection between the lower sleeve and the upper sleeve; The top of the upper sleeve is fitted with the nut tightening device through a square hole and is provided with a radially extending through hole. The safety pin is inserted into the through hole to prevent the upper sleeve from disengaging from the nut tightening device.

4. The automated installation and removal device as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Both the lower slewing support and the standard section are fixedly installed with bolt sleeves that correspond one-to-one in the vertical direction. The bolt sleeves are used to pass through the slotted smooth head screw. The bottom end face of the bolt sleeve of the standard section is provided with positioning holes that correspond one-to-one with the positioning pins.

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