Compact layout structure of linear motion axis and double swing head structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a compact layout structure for a linear motion axis and a double swing head structure, including a W-axis box body, a main shaft box body, an electric main shaft, a linear drive assembly, a linear guide rail and a slider; the linear drive assembly and the W-axis box body are linearly arranged in the W-axis box body, and the electric main shaft is coaxially installed in the main shaft box body; the length direction of the linear guide rail is the same as the movement direction of the main shaft box body, a plurality of linear guide rails are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall circumference side of the main shaft box body, the slider is arranged on the inner wall of the W-axis box body, and the slider is correspondingly arranged with the linear guide rail and is in sliding fit. Through the linear drive assembly and the main shaft box body linearly arranged in the W-axis box body, the feeding motion of the electric main shaft is realized, with large rigidity, compact layout and small occupied space. Through the overall symmetrical design, the overall structure has good interchangeability, uniform stress, and compact structure. High assembly efficiency, low requirement for part maintenance. Small volume, small deformation, large rigidity, high reliability and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and specifically, to a compact layout structure of a linear motion axis and a double swivel head structure. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process of a machine tool, due to the many requirements for precision machining of the machining object, high requirements are put forward for the equipment. The double swivel head five-axis machining machine tool can be used to machine many key parts with complex and special profiles, and has become a key basic equipment for the rapid research and development of the equipment manufacturing industry and advanced national defense weapon equipment products. The linear motion axis system is integrated on the double swivel head.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent application with the publication number CN214685458U discloses a drilling machine with an automatically driven spindle feed, including a machine frame. A spindle box is arranged on the upper part of the machine frame. A spindle is rotatably connected to the spindle box. A driving mechanism for driving the spindle to rotate is further arranged on the spindle box. The driving mechanism includes a first driving motor, a reducer and a first gear. The first driving motor is connected to the first gear through the reducer in a transmission manner. The first gear is sleeved on the spindle. A spline is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral surface of the first gear. A spline groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spindle. The first gear is key-connected to the spindle through the spline. A feeding mechanism for driving the spindle to feed is further arranged on the spindle box. The feeding mechanism includes a second driving motor and a transmission component. The second driving motor is connected to the spindle through the transmission component in a transmission manner.

[0004] In the prior art, the overall structure of the linear motion axis has low integration, poor symmetry, and an incompact structure, resulting in poor reliability and low lifespan of the linear motion axis, and there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact layout structure of a linear motion axis and a double swivel head structure.

[0006] According to a compact layout structure of a linear motion axis provided by the present invention, it includes a W-axis box body, a spindle box body, an electric spindle, a linear driving component, a linear guide rail and a slider; the linear driving component and the W-axis box body are linearly arranged in the W-axis box body. The linear driving component drives the spindle box body to reciprocate along the axis of the spindle box body. The electric spindle is coaxially installed in the spindle box body; the length direction of the linear guide rail is the same as the moving direction of the spindle box body. A plurality of linear guide rails are equidistantly arranged on the outer circumferential side of the outer wall of the spindle box body. The slider is arranged on the inner wall of the W-axis box body, and the slider is correspondingly arranged and slidably matched with the linear guide rail, or, a plurality of linear guide rails are equidistantly arranged on the inner circumferential side of the inner wall of the W-axis box body. The slider is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle box body, and the slider is correspondingly arranged and slidably matched with the linear guide rail.

[0007] Preferably, each of the linear guide rails corresponds to a plurality of sliders, and the plurality of sliders are arranged at equal intervals along the moving direction of the main shaft housing.

[0008] Preferably, the main shaft housing is coaxially arranged in the W-axis housing, the structure of the main shaft housing is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry, and the structure of the motorized spindle is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry.

[0009] Preferably, the structure of the linear drive assembly is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the main shaft housing as the axis of symmetry, and the acting point of the force between the linear drive assembly and the main shaft housing is located at the central axis of the main shaft housing.

[0010] Preferably, a pressing block is further arranged on the outer side wall of the main shaft housing, and the pressing block limits the linear guide rail.

[0011] Preferably, a guide rail lock is further included. A transfer plate is connected between the guide rail lock and the W-axis housing. The guide rail lock acts on the linear guide rail, and the guide rail lock is signal-connected to a normally closed solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, a collision prevention block is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft housing, and a hard limit is arranged on the W-axis housing. The collision prevention block and the hard limit cooperate to limit the movement range of the main shaft housing.

[0013] Preferably, a movable sealing assembly is arranged at one end of the W-axis housing extending out of the main shaft housing.

[0014] Preferably, the movable sealing assembly includes a sealing gasket, a waterproof plate and a Tecan ring. The sealing gasket is arranged between the waterproof plate and the W-axis housing. The Tecan ring is embedded on the waterproof plate, and the Tecan ring is in line contact with the main shaft housing.

[0015] According to a double swing head structure provided by the present invention, an A-axis component and a B-axis component are further included. The A-axis component is connected to the B-axis component and drives it to rotate. The B-axis component is connected to the W-axis housing and drives it to swing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the linear drive assembly, the motorized spindle and the main shaft housing arranged linearly in the W-axis housing are used to realize the feeding movement of the motorized spindle, which has large rigidity, compact layout and small occupied space. Through the overall symmetrical design, the overall structure has good interchangeability, uniform stress and compact structure. High assembly efficiency, low part maintenance requirements. Small volume, small deformation, large rigidity, high reliability and long service life.

[0018] 2. The present invention adopts a driving method directly driven by a torque motor, where the load is directly connected to the motor rotor. Compared with the traditional servo motor combined with a speed reducer transmission mechanism, it reduces mechanical transmission and mechanical friction, and has the advantages of high precision and high dynamic performance.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, the motor connecting shaft is supported by a crossed roller collar and a collar seat, reducing the overturning moment caused by radial load, that is, reducing the deformation of the structure, obtaining a stable rotational motion, and improving the rigidity and rotational accuracy of the structure.

[0020] 4. The present invention performs real-time position feedback and error compensation through a linear grating, which compensates for the motion error of the tool and ensures the feed accuracy of the motorized spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view mainly showing the overall structure of the linear motion axis system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic external structure view of the W-axis box body of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic view mainly showing the overall structure of the motor base of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic installation structure view of the pressing block outside the spindle box body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic external structure view of the spindle box body of the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the figure:

[0028] W-axis box body 1 Linear guide rail 13

[0029] Box body cover 2 Lead screw connection seat 14

[0030] Box body rear cover 3 Motorized spindle 15

[0031] Lead screw nut 4 Spindle box body 16

[0032] Ball screw 5 Slide block 17

[0033] Motor base 6 Sealing gasket 18

[0034] Torque motor 7 Waterproof plate 19

[0035] Motor connecting shaft 8 Tecan ring 20

[0036] Locking nut 9 Adapter plate 21

[0037] Cross roller collar 10 Hard limit 22

[0038] Collar seat 11 Anti-collision block 23

[0039] Guide rail lock 12 Linear grating 24

[0040] Press block 25 Specific implementation manner

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, a linear motion axis compact layout structure provided according to the present invention includes a W-axis box body 1, a motion axis assembly, a linear drive assembly, a linear guide rail 13, and a slider 17.

[0043] The motion axis assembly includes a main shaft box body 16 and an electric main shaft 15. The electric main shaft 15 is coaxially installed in the main shaft box body 16. The motion axis assembly and the linear drive assembly are linearly arranged in the W-axis box body 1. In particular, the main shaft box body 16 and the linear drive assembly are linearly arranged, the structure of the linear drive assembly is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the main shaft box body 16 as the axis of symmetry, and the acting point of the force of the linear drive assembly on the main shaft box body 16 is located at the central axis of the main shaft box body 16. The linear drive assembly drives the main shaft box body 16 to reciprocate along the axis of the main shaft box body 16, so as to ensure that the force applied by the linear drive assembly to the main shaft box body 16 is stable and reliable.

[0044] The linear drive assembly includes a torque motor 7, a lead screw nut 4, a ball screw 5, and a motor connecting shaft 8.

[0045] Specifically: The ball screw 5, the torque motor 7, the electric main shaft 15, and the main shaft box body 16 are all installed in the W-axis box body 1. The torque motor 7, the ball screw 5, and the main shaft box body 16 are linearly arranged in the W-axis box body 1, and the central axes of the torque motor 7, the ball screw 5, the electric main shaft 15, and the main shaft box body 16 are collinear. The main shaft box body 16 is coaxially arranged in the W-axis box body 1. The structure of the main shaft box body 16 is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry, and the structure of the electric main shaft 15 is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry. Through the symmetrically arranged main shaft box body 16 and electric main shaft 15, the compactness of the installation in the W-axis box body 1 during movement can be further improved.

[0046] More specifically: The torque motor 7 is firmly installed in the middle of one end inside the W-axis box body 1. The lead screw nut 4 is installed at the output port of the torque motor 7. The torque motor 7 drives the lead screw nut 4 to rotate. One end of the ball screw 5 is coaxially threaded through the lead screw nut 4, and one end of the ball screw 5 coaxially passes through the output port of the torque motor 7. The other end of the ball screw 5 is firmly connected to the main shaft box body 16. One end of the main shaft box body 16 away from the ball screw 5 extends out of the W-axis box body 1, and the electric spindle 15 is coaxially installed inside the main shaft box body 16.

[0047] The torque motor 7 drives the lead screw nut 4 to rotate, thereby driving the ball screw 5 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the electric spindle 15, pushing the main shaft box body 16 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the electric spindle 15, and further driving the electric spindle 15 to reciprocate along its axial direction. Through the direct drive method of the torque motor 7, the load is directly connected to the motor rotor. Compared with the traditional servo motor with a reduction gear transmission mechanism, it reduces mechanical transmission and mechanical friction, and has the advantages of high precision and high dynamic performance. By using the torque motor 7 and the ball screw 5, large torque is converted into large thrust, which can meet the requirement of reciprocating linear feed motion under large thrust.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a motor base 6. The motor base 6 is arranged inside the W-axis box body 1 and is firmly connected to the inner wall of the W-axis box body 1. The torque motor 7 is coaxially and firmly installed on the motor base 6. The motor base 6 includes a cylindrical motor installation part and a connecting bracket. The central axis of the motor installation part is collinear with the central axis of the electric spindle 15. A set of connecting brackets are respectively and firmly connected to the two opposite sides of the motor installation part. During installation, both connecting brackets are respectively connected to the W-axis box body 1 through bolts, and the stator of the torque motor 7 is firmly installed inside the motor installation part through bolts. The structure of the motor base 6 is symmetrically distributed with respect to the central axis of the torque motor 7, and a liquid cooling cavity is arranged inside the motor base 6, and the liquid cooling cavity is communicated with an external pipeline.

[0049] By integrating the liquid cooling cavity into the motor base 6, no additional water cooling structure needs to be added, reducing the installation space and cost. It should be noted that enough space for the reciprocating movement of the ball screw 5 is formed between the motor base 6 and the end of the W-axis box body 1.

[0050] The rotor of the torque motor 7 is firmly connected to a motor connecting shaft 8. The central axis of the motor connecting shaft 8 is collinear with the central axis of the torque motor 7. The lead screw nut 4 is firmly connected to the end of the motor connecting shaft 8 away from the main shaft box body 16. The ball screw 5 coaxially passes through the motor connecting shaft 8 and is movably matched with it. The ball screw 5 can move along the axial direction of the motor connecting shaft 8. One end of the lead screw nut 4 passing through the motor connecting shaft 8 is in threaded cooperation with the ball screw 5 to rotate, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw nut 4 into the linear motion of the ball screw 5.

[0051] A cross roller collar 10 and a collar seat 11 are provided on one side of the motor connecting shaft 8 close to the spindle housing 16. The central axis of the collar seat 11 is colinear with the central axis of the motor connecting shaft 8, the collar seat 11 is tightly connected to the W-axis housing 1, the outer ring of the cross roller collar 10 is tightly connected to the collar seat 11, and the inner ring of the cross roller collar 10 is connected to the motor connecting shaft 8.

[0052] The end of the ball screw 5 away from the screw nut 4 is fastened with a screw connection seat 14 through a locking nut 9. The screw connection seat 14 is located on the side of the collar seat 11 away from the torque motor 7, and the screw connection seat 14 is coaxially fastened with the spindle housing 16. The screw connection seat 14 gradually extends and expands from the connection point with the ball screw 5 in the direction away from the ball screw 5. Therefore, the force of the screw connection seat 14 on the spindle housing 16 is more uniform.

[0053] The motor connecting shaft 8 and the lead screw nut 4 are rotated with the torque motor 7, and the rotation of the lead screw nut 4 is converted into the linear motion of the ball screw 5. The ball screw 5 pushes the spindle housing 16 through the lead screw connecting seat 14 to reciprocate along the axis of the electric spindle 15. The motor connecting shaft 8 is supported by the cross roller collar 10 and the collar seat 11, which reduces the overturning moment caused by the radial load, that is, reduces the deformation of the structure, obtains a stable rotational motion, and improves the rigidity and rotational accuracy of the structure.

[0054] Furthermore, the flange on the electric spindle 15 and the end surface of the spindle housing 16 are connected by screws.

[0055] A feasible implementation of the present application is that a linear guide 13 is provided on the outer wall of the spindle housing 16, and the length direction of the linear guide 13 is in the same direction as the movement direction of the spindle housing 16. A slider 17 is provided on the inner wall of the W-axis housing 1, and the slider 17 corresponds to the linear guide 13 and slides with it. Thereby improving the stability of the reciprocating motion of the spindle housing 16. Four groups of linear guides 13 are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of the outer wall of the spindle housing 16. The overall structural layout is symmetrical, the force is uniform, the rigidity is large, and the deformation is small. Any linear guide 13 corresponds to a plurality of sliders 17, and the plurality of sliders 17 are arranged at equal intervals along the movement direction of the spindle housing 16.

[0056] Another feasible implementation is that the linear guide 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the W-axis housing 1, and the slider 17 is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle housing 16. Other arrangements are the same as the above implementation, and only the positions of the linear guide 13 and the slider 17 are swapped, which still falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0057] On the outer side wall of the main shaft housing 16, there is also a pressing block 25 which limits the linear guide 13. The pressing block 25 presses against the linear guide 13 and the backing surface of the linear guide 13 to prevent the W-axis from being vibrated and impacted, causing the linear guide 13 to deviate from its original position and affecting the accuracy.

[0058] On the outer wall of the main shaft housing 16, there is an anti-collision block 23. At both ends of the W-axis housing 1, there are hard limiters 22 respectively. The anti-collision block 23 moves along with the main shaft housing 16. The anti-collision block 23 and the hard limiters 22 cooperate to limit the movement range of the main shaft housing 16. The above mechanical limiting structure plays a protective role.

[0059] It also includes a guide rail lock 12. There is an adapter plate 21 connected between the guide rail lock 12 and the W-axis housing 1. The guide rail lock 12 acts on the guide rail and is signal-connected to a normally closed solenoid valve. The normally closed solenoid valve can quickly respond to start the guide rail lock 12 when powered off, realizing the instant braking function.

[0060] At one end where the W-axis housing 1 extends out of the main shaft housing 16, there is a movable seal assembly. Among them, the movable seal assembly includes a sealing gasket 18, a waterproof plate 19 and a Tecalemit ring 20. The sealing gasket 18 is arranged between the waterproof plate 19 and the W-axis housing 1. The Tecalemit ring 20 is embedded in the waterproof plate 19, and the Tecalemit ring 20 is in line contact with the main shaft housing 16. The waterproof plate 19 forms the first protection during the working process, blocking a large amount of cutting fluid and cutting debris. The Tecalemit ring 20 forms the second protection, blocking a small amount of cutting fluid and cutting debris. And while achieving the movable seal, the Tecalemit ring 20 also reduces the friction with the moving components.

[0061] In the middle of the axial direction of the linear guide 13, there is a linear grating 24 which is fixedly installed on the main shaft housing 16 to perform real-time position feedback and error compensation. Due to the modification of the electrical debugging parameters and the increase of mechanical errors, there is a large difference between the position of the linear axis of the motorized spindle 15 and the position required by the numerical control system command. The linear grating 24 detects whether the actual displacement of the linear axis of the motorized spindle 15 conforms to the command issued by the numerical control system, observes and tracks the feed error; if the linear axis of the motorized spindle 15 does not reach the accurate position due to mechanical reasons or the like, the linear grating 24, as a position detection element, will send a command to the numerical control system to enable the linear axis of the motorized spindle 15 to reach a relatively accurate position until the resolution of the linear grating 24 cannot distinguish it, playing a role in compensating the tool movement error and ensuring the feed accuracy of the motorized spindle 15.

[0062] On the W-axis housing 1, there are also a housing cover plate 2 and a housing rear cover 3 installed. On the one hand, it can provide convenience for installation and maintenance. On the other hand, it can play a protective role to prevent dust, iron filings, etc. from entering the W-axis housing 1.

[0063] It should be noted that through the overall symmetric design of this application, the overall structure has good interchangeability, uniform stress, and compact structure. It has high assembly efficiency, low requirements for part maintenance, small volume, small deformation, large rigidity, high reliability, and long service life, and can be applied to working conditions with large loads.

[0064] According to a double swing head structure provided by the present invention, adopting the above-mentioned compact layout structure of the linear motion axis, it further includes an A-axis component and a B-axis component. The A-axis component is connected to the B-axis component and drives it to rotate, and the B-axis component is connected to the W-axis box body 1 and drives it to swing.

[0065] Those skilled in the art know that in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc., to achieve the same functions. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can also be regarded as either software modules for implementing the method or structures within the hardware component.

[0066] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0067] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A compact layout structure for a linear motion axis, characterized in that, It includes a W-axis box body (1), a main shaft box body (16), an electric main shaft (15), a linear drive assembly, a linear guide rail (13), and a slider (17); The linear drive assembly and the main shaft box body (16) are linearly arranged in the W-axis box body (1). The linear drive assembly drives the main shaft box body (16) to reciprocate along the axis of the main shaft box body (16). The electric main shaft (15) is coaxially installed in the main shaft box body (16); The length direction of the linear guide rail (13) is the same as the movement direction of the main shaft box body (16). A plurality of linear guide rails (13) are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall circumference of the main shaft box body (16). The slider (17) is arranged on the inner wall of the W-axis box body (1), and the slider (17) is correspondingly arranged and slidably engaged with the linear guide rail (13). Or, a plurality of linear guide rails (13) are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall circumference of the W-axis box body (1). The slider (17) is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft box body (16), and the slider (17) is correspondingly arranged and slidably engaged with the linear guide rail (13); The main shaft box body (16) is coaxially arranged in the W-axis box body (1). The structure of the main shaft box body (16) is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry. The structure of the electric main shaft (15) is symmetrically arranged with its central axis as the axis of symmetry; The structure of the linear drive assembly is symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the main shaft box body (16) as the axis of symmetry, and the acting point of the force between the linear drive assembly and the main shaft box body (16) is located at the central axis of the main shaft box body (16); The linear drive assembly includes a motor connecting shaft (8). A crossed roller collar (10) and a collar seat (11) are arranged on one side of the motor connecting shaft (8) close to the main shaft box body (16). The central axis of the collar seat (11) is collinear with the central axis of the motor connecting shaft (8). The collar seat (11) is fixedly connected to the W-axis box body (1). The outer ring of the crossed roller collar (10) is fixedly connected to the collar seat (11), and the inner ring of the crossed roller collar (10) is connected to the motor connecting shaft (8).

2. The compact layout structure for a linear motion axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the linear guide rails (13) corresponds to a plurality of sliders (17), and the plurality of sliders (17) are equidistantly arranged along the movement direction of the main shaft box body (16).

3. The compact layout structure for a linear motion axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressing block (25) is further arranged on the outer side wall of the main shaft box body (16), and the pressing block (25) limits the linear guide rail (13).

4. The compact layout structure for a linear motion axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a guide rail lock (12). A transfer plate (21) is connected between the guide rail lock (12) and the W-axis box body (1). The guide rail lock (12) acts on the linear guide rail (13), and the guide rail lock (12) is signal-connected to a normally closed solenoid valve.

5. The compact layout structure for a linear motion axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anti-collision block (23) is arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft box body (16), and a hard limit (22) is arranged on the W-axis box body (1). The anti-collision block (23) and the hard limit (22) cooperate to limit the movement range of the main shaft box body (16).

6. The compact layout structure for a linear motion axis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An end of the W-axis box body (1) extending out of the main shaft box body (16) is provided with a movable sealing assembly.

7. A double swivel head structure, characterized in that, Adopting the compact layout structure of the linear motion axis according to any one of claims 1-6, it further includes an A-axis component and a B-axis component. The A-axis component is connected to the B-axis component and drives it to rotate, and the B-axis component is connected to the W-axis box body (1) and drives it to swing.

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