A lead hole edge seal assembly, engine test structure, and test method

Abstract

The application discloses a lead hole edge sealing assembly, an engine test structure and a test method. The lead hole edge sealing assembly comprises a shell, a driver, and a sealing ring. The material of the driver comprises a pre-compressed shape memory alloy material. The shell, the driver, and the sealing ring are sequentially nested from the outside to the inside in the radial direction. One side of the driver is connected to the shell, and the other side of the driver is connected to the sealing ring. The sealing assembly realizes the sealing of the lead hole edge, eliminates the high-temperature glue sealing, and reduces the risk of introducing excess materials into the engine. The sealing assembly has a simple structure, does not greatly change the existing engine structure, is easy to install, is independent of the skill level of process operators, and has good sealing effect consistency and repeatability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aero-engine test sealing, in particular to a lead hole edge sealing assembly, an engine test structure and a test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] An aero gas turbine engine is a highly complex and precise turbomachinery, and is known as one of the "industrial crowns of the pearl" due to its extremely high technical content and extremely great manufacturing difficulty. The engine needs to measure a large number of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in the early development stage and the later flying stage, for supporting engine performance evaluation and design improvement work. Taking a certain type of high-bypass-ratio turbofan engine under research in China as an example, it needs to measure thousands of engine operating parameters during the test on the test bench. Such a large and complex test process inevitably needs to make large-scale modifications to the existing engine hardware structure. The currently commonly used test modification methods include casing opening, wiring in the hole (mostly single-hole single-wire), spot welding of a pressure plate outside the casing, and the form of multiple test leads bundled through the same lead seat of the engine casing, among which the form of the lead seat is more common.

[0003] Due to the extreme thermodynamic state of high temperature and high pressure in the engine, how to ensure that the test lead seat does not leak (including oil leakage, gas leakage, etc.) is a difficult problem that has long plagued design and research personnel. The commonly used sealing method at home and abroad is to coat high-temperature glue inside and outside the lead seat, but since this sealing method is highly dependent on the skills of the process operator, the sealing effect is difficult to guarantee, and the consistency and repeatability of the sealing effect after sealing operation by different process personnel and different times are poor; the sealing glue needs to be disassembled and coated every time the engine is tested on the test bench, which has a large safety hazard of the sealing glue falling into the engine as a redundant material; and the operation process wastes a lot of manual time, greatly increasing the economic cost of the engine research and development process. If a test lead sealing structure that is simple to assemble / disassemble, reusable, and takes into account the assembly and sealing performance can be designed, it will greatly improve the engine research and development efficiency and save a lot of time and economic costs. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a lead hole edge sealing assembly.

[0005] Another purpose of the present application is to provide an engine test structure.

[0006] Another purpose of the present application is to provide an engine test method.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, a lead hole edge sealing assembly comprises: a housing; a driver, the material of the driver comprising a pre-compressed shape memory alloy material; a sealing ring; wherein the housing, the driver and the sealing ring are nested in a radial direction from outside to inside, one side of the driver is connected to the housing, and the other side of the driver is connected to the sealing ring.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the lead hole edge sealing assembly, the sealing assembly has a first state and a second state: in the first state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is a first size; in the second state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is a second size, which is smaller than the first size.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the lead hole edge sealing assembly, the housing has a mounting groove, the sealing ring seals the opening of the mounting groove, the driver is in a strip shape, one side of the driver is connected to the groove bottom of the mounting groove, and the other side of the driver is connected to the sealing ring, and an elastic sealing member is further arranged in the mounting groove, located on the groove wall of the mounting groove, connected to the sealing ring on one side in the radial direction, and connected to the groove bottom on the other side; wherein in the first state, the sealing ring is located inside the mounting groove, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is limited by the opening size of the housing; in the second state, the sealing ring protrudes from the opening of the mounting groove, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is limited by the opening size of the sealing ring.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the lead hole edge sealing assembly, the sealing ring comprises segmented ring bodies, and each segmented ring body has stepped cutouts at both ends in the circumferential direction, and stepped gaps are formed between adjacent ring bodies.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the lead hole edge sealing assembly, the driver comprises a spiral wire made of a shape memory alloy with a double-path memory effect, one end of the spiral wire is connected to the housing, and the other end of the spiral wire is connected to the ring body, and at least one spiral wire is connected to each ring body.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, an engine test structure comprises a test lead and a lead hole edge sealing assembly as described above, the sealing assembly is arranged in a test hole of an engine casing, the housing of the sealing assembly is fixedly connected to the engine casing, and the test lead passes through the sealing assembly and is located inside the engine.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the engine test structure, the housing and the engine casing are fixedly connected through a welding structure, a bolt connection or a threaded connection, so that the sealing assembly is arranged in the test hole of the engine casing.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the engine test structure, the engine test structure has a first temperature, a second temperature, the driver of the seal assembly has a phase transition temperature, the first temperature is less than the phase transition temperature, and the second temperature is greater than the phase transition temperature; the engine test structure has a first state, a second state: (1) in the first state, the engine test structure is at the first temperature, and the seal assembly has a clearance fit with the test lead; (2) in the second state, the engine test structure is at the second temperature, and the seal assembly has an interference fit with the test lead.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the engine test structure, the first state comprises an engine off state, and the second state comprises an engine on state.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, an engine testing method is provided, in which the lead hole seal assembly as described above is installed in a test hole of a casing of an engine, and a test lead is extended into the interior of the engine from the lead hole seal assembly.

[0017] The present application has the following advantages:

[0018] The seal assembly seals the lead hole, eliminates high-temperature glue sealing, and reduces the risk of introducing excess material into the interior of the engine. The seal assembly has a simple structure, does not significantly change the overall structure of the existing engine, is easy to install, is not related to the skill level of the process operator, and has good consistency and repeatability of the sealing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and other features, aspects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of the application taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate the same features throughout the several views, and wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of an engine test structure in a first state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an engine test structure in a second state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an engine test structure according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 FIG. 4 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the engine test structure in the first state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a housing and engine case bolted connection structure according to an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 5 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a housing and engine case threaded connection structure according to an embodiment.

[0025] Reference Signs:

[0026] 100 - sealing assembly

[0027] 1 - seal ring, 11 - ring body, 101 - stepped notch, 111, 112 - stepped cut

[0028] 2 - housing, 201 - mounting groove, 2011 - opening, 2012 - groove bottom, 2013 - groove wall, 202 - external thread

[0029] 3 - driver, 301 - helical wire

[0030] 4 - elastic seal

[0031] 5 - test lead

[0032] 6 - engine case, 601 - test hole, 602 - internal thread

[0033] 7 - bolt DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the application will be described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that the application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the application is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and other embodiments, which can be included within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.

[0035] In the following description, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "inner", "outer" or other orientation terms refers to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. At the same time, specific terms are used in the present application to describe the embodiments of the present application. As "one embodiment", "an embodiment" means a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" mentioned in different places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be properly combined.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, in one embodiment, an example of the specific structure of the lead hole edge sealing assembly 100 can be that it includes a shell 2, a driver 3, and a seal ring 1, and the material of the driver 3 includes a pre-compressed shape memory alloy material. Among them, the shell 2, the driver 3 and the seal ring 1 are nested from the outside to the inside in the radial direction, one side of the driver 3 is connected to the shell 2, and the other side is connected to the seal ring 1. The sealing assembly 100 realizes the sealing of the lead hole edge, abolishes the high-temperature glue sealing, and reduces the risk of introducing excess material into the engine interior. The structure of the sealing assembly 100 is simple, will not change the existing engine structure greatly, and is easy to install, regardless of the skill level of the process operator, and has good consistency and repeatability of sealing effect.

[0037] Shape memory alloy is a kind of alloy material that can "remember" its initial shape. Because it has both sensor and drive functions, it is an intelligent material. Shape memory alloy has two special macroscopic mechanical properties: shape memory effect and superelasticity. Among them, the shape memory effect refers to that when the shape memory alloy is loaded and unloaded at an environmental temperature below its phase transition temperature, there is a residual strain after unloading. At this time, heating above the phase transition temperature can make the residual strain disappear and restore to the state before loading. Shape memory effect can be divided into single-pass shape memory effect, double-pass shape memory effect and full-pass shape memory effect.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 In combination Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the sealing assembly 100 can also be that the sealing assembly 100 has a first state and a second state: in the first state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly 100 is a first size R; in the second state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly 100 is a second size r, which is smaller than the first size R. The sealing assembly 100 is annular in structure, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly 100 specifically refers to the radial inner diameter of the sealing assembly 100. The radial inner diameter of the sealing assembly 100 in the first state is larger than that in the second state, which facilitates disassembly and assembly.

[0039] With reference to the foregoing Figure 1 In combination Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment, the specific structure of the sealing assembly 100 can be that the housing 2 has a mounting groove 201, and the seal ring 1 seals the opening 2011 of the mounting groove 201. The driver 3 is in the form of a strip, which is a broad strip and includes strips with small widths, such as rods, tubes, plates, and even wires. One side of the driver 3 is connected to the groove bottom 2012 of the mounting groove 201, and the other side is connected to the seal ring 1, which can be a welded structure. The mounting groove 201 further has an elastic sealing member 4, which is located on the groove wall 2013 of the mounting groove 201, connected to the seal ring 1 on one side and connected to the groove bottom 2012 on the other side. In the first state, the seal ring 1 is located inside the mounting groove 201, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly 100 is limited by the opening size of the housing, i.e., the minimum radial inner diameter D of the housing is the radial inner diameter of the sealing assembly 100. In the second state, the seal ring 1 protrudes from the opening 2011 of the mounting groove, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly 100 is limited by the opening size of the seal ring, i.e., the radial inner diameter d of the seal ring 1 is the radial inner diameter of the sealing assembly 100. Such a structure avoids or reduces leakage between the seal ring 1 and the housing 2, and improves the sealing performance of the sealing assembly 100. When the lead hole edge is sealed, the structure of the sealing assembly 100 does not cause additional leakage, and the sealing effect on the lead hole edge is improved.

[0040] With reference to the foregoing Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the specific structure of the seal ring 1 can be that the seal ring 1 includes segmented ring bodies 11, each ring body 11 has stepped cuts 111 and 112 at the two ends in the circumferential direction, and the stepped cuts 101 are formed between adjacent ring bodies 11. The stepped cuts 101 of the seal ring 1 are open in the first state and closed in the second state, which facilitates assembly and disassembly.

[0041] With reference to the foregoing Figure 3In one embodiment, the specific structure of the driver 3 can be that the driver 3 includes a shape memory alloy with a double-path memory effect, and the shape memory alloy is made into a spiral wire 301, one end of the spiral wire 301 is connected to the shell 2, and the other end is connected to the ring body 11. Each ring body 11 is connected with at least one spiral wire 301. It should be understood that the shape of the spiral wire 301 can be referred to as a "spiral", but it does not mean that it must be spiral-shaped, and it can also be other similar shapes. In other optional embodiments, the number of spiral wires 301 is preferably 1-3, which can save costs while improving system reliability. The shape memory effect of the shape memory alloy can be divided into single-path shape memory effect, double-path shape memory effect, and full-path shape memory effect. The double-path memory effect refers to that certain shape memory alloys can restore the shape of the high-temperature phase when heated, and can restore the shape of the low-temperature phase when cooled. The use of shape memory alloys with double-path memory effect can be used repeatedly with the engine working cycle, which is economical. The temperature change range is different for different engine positions. The specific selection of shape memory alloy materials is based on the test lead hole position, the existing experience parameter range, and the sealing function is realized.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, a specific example of the engine test structure can be that the engine test structure includes a test lead 5 and a lead hole edge sealing assembly 100 as described above. The sealing assembly 100 is arranged in the test hole 601 of the engine case 6. The shell 2 of the sealing assembly 100 is fixedly connected to the engine case 6. The test lead 5 passes through the sealing assembly 100 and is located inside the engine. The use of the lead hole edge sealing assembly 100 in the engine test structure greatly reduces the economic cost of the engine development process, improves the engine development efficiency, and saves a large amount of time cost.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 Figure 5 In another embodiment, a specific example of the engine test structure can also be that the shell 2 and the engine case 6 are fixedly connected through a welding structure, a bolt connection, or a threaded connection, so that the sealing assembly 100 seals the test hole 601 of the engine case. It is simple to assemble, easy to operate, and saves labor time and cost. Figure 4 The specific example of the connection structure of the shell 2 and the engine case 6 is that the sealing assembly 100 is located on the radial outside of the engine case 6, and the shell 2 is fixedly connected to the engine case 6 through the bolt 7. Figure 5 ​The shown example of the housing 2 and the engine case 6 connection structure, the sealing assembly 100 is placed in the engine case test hole 601, the housing 2 is provided with external threads 202 on the radial outside, the test hole 601 is provided with internal threads 602, and the housing 2 is fixedly connected with the engine case 6 through the cooperation of the external threads 202 and the internal threads 602. The radial direction of the engine case 6 and the radial direction of the sealing assembly 100 refer to different directions, as shown in Figure 4 The radial direction shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 The radial direction shown in

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 In combination with Figure 2 In one embodiment, the engine test structure has a first temperature and a second temperature, and the driver 3 of the sealing assembly 100 has a phase transition temperature, the first temperature is less than the phase transition temperature, and the second temperature is greater than the phase transition temperature. The engine test structure has a first state and a second state: (1) in the first state, the engine test structure is at the first temperature, as shown in Figure 1 The sealing assembly 100 and the test lead 5 are in a small gap fit; (2) in the second state, the engine test structure is at the second temperature, as shown in Figure 2 The sealing assembly 100 and the test lead 5 are in an interference fit. The first state includes an engine stop state, and the second state includes an engine running state. The engine test structure installed with the sealing assembly 100 can realize automatic sealing of the sealing assembly 100 in the engine running state, with good sealing performance; and automatic unsealing in the engine stop state, with good assembly performance. Moreover, it can be repeatedly used with the engine working cycle, with good economic performance.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1 In another embodiment, a test method of an engine is provided, in which the lead hole edge sealing assembly 100 described above is installed in the test hole 601 of the engine case, and the test lead 5 is extended into the engine interior from the lead hole edge sealing assembly 100. The use of this test method can greatly improve the engine development efficiency and save a large amount of labor cost.

[0046] Figure 1 In combination with Figure 2The working principle of the example of the lead hole edge sealing assembly 100 shown is that the helical wire 301 is deformed under room temperature, compression deformation occurs and residual deformation is generated, at this time the helical wire 301 is fixed between the shell 2 and the sealing ring 1. In the engine running state, as the engine temperature rises, after the temperature of the sealing structure 100 is higher than the phase transition temperature of the helical wire 301, the helical wire 301 will restore to the original shape due to the shape memory effect, extruding the sealing ring 1 to the radial inner side to reduce the inner diameter d, forming an interference fit with the test lead 5, reducing the risk of leakage; after the engine stops and the temperature returns to low, due to the double-way memory effect, the helical wire 301 can again automatically undergo compression deformation, stretching the sealing ring 1 to the radial outer side to increase the inner diameter d, the sealing assembly 100 and the test lead 5 form a clearance fit, facilitating maintenance personnel to disassemble, replace and check the test lead.

[0047] In summary, the beneficial effects of the lead hole edge sealing assembly, the engine test structure and the engine test method introduced in the above embodiments include one or a combination of the following:

[0048] 1. The sealing assembly realizes sealing of the lead hole edge, abolishes high-temperature glue sealing, and reduces the risk of introducing excess material into the engine interior. The sealing assembly has a simple structure, does not significantly change the existing engine overall structure, and is easy to install, regardless of the skill level of process operators, and has good consistency and repeatability of sealing effect.

[0049] 2. The elastic sealing member is arranged to avoid or reduce leakage between the sealing ring and the shell, so that the sealing assembly itself has better sealing performance, and when sealing the lead hole edge, additional leakage is not caused due to poor sealing of the structure of the sealing assembly itself, thereby enhancing the sealing effect of the lead hole edge.

[0050] 3. The segmented ring body of the sealing ring realizes small-range diameter change of the sealing ring and is easy to assemble.

[0051] 4. Multiple helical wires are arranged, which saves cost while improving system reliability.

[0052] 5. The shape memory alloy with double-way memory effect is selected, which can be repeatedly used multiple times with the engine working cycle, and has good economy.

[0053] 6. The engine test structure using the lead hole edge sealing assembly can realize automatic sealing of the sealing assembly in the engine running state, has good sealing performance; and in the engine stop state, the sealing is automatically released, and the assembly performance is good. Moreover, the engine test structure can be repeatedly used multiple times with the engine working cycle, and has good economy. The engine development process cost is greatly reduced, the engine development efficiency is improved, and a large amount of time cost is saved.

[0054] 7. The method of testing using the above engine test structure can greatly improve the engine development efficiency and save a lot of labor costs.

[0055] Although the present application is disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, all fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A lead hole edge sealing assembly, characterized in that, include: The outer casing has mounting grooves; The actuator is strip-shaped, and the material of the actuator includes a pre-compressed shape memory alloy material; Sealing ring; The outer shell, the driver, and the sealing ring are nested radially from the outside to the inside; the sealing ring seals the opening of the mounting groove; one side of the driver is connected to the bottom of the mounting groove of the outer shell, and the other side is connected to the sealing ring; an elastic sealing element is also provided in the mounting groove, located on the groove wall of the mounting groove, connected to the sealing ring on one radial side, and connected to the bottom of the groove on the other side; The sealing assembly has a first state and a second state: In the first state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is a first size, the sealing ring is located inside the mounting groove, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is limited by the opening size of the housing; In the second state, the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is a second size, the sealing ring protrudes from the opening of the mounting groove, and the radial opening size of the sealing assembly is limited by the opening size of the sealing ring; The second dimension is smaller than the first dimension.

2. The lead hole edge sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing ring includes segmented rings, each segment having stepped cuts at both ends of its circumference, and stepped gaps forming between adjacent rings.

3. The lead hole edge sealing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The actuator includes a spiral wire made of shape memory alloy with a two-way memory effect. One end of the spiral wire is connected to the outer shell, and the other end is connected to the ring body. Each ring body segment is connected to at least one spiral wire.

4. An engine test structure, characterized in that, The device includes a test lead and a lead hole edge sealing assembly as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sealing assembly is disposed in the test hole of the engine casing, the housing of the sealing assembly is fixedly connected to the engine casing, and the test lead passes through the sealing assembly and is located inside the engine.

5. The engine test structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer casing and the engine housing are fixedly connected by welding, bolting, or threading, so that the sealing assembly is located in the test hole of the engine housing.

6. The engine test structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The engine test structure has a first temperature and a second temperature, and the actuator of the sealing assembly has a phase transition temperature. The first temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature, and the second temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature. The engine test structure has a first state and a second state. (1) In the first state, the engine test structure is at the first temperature, and the sealing component and the test lead are fitted with a small gap; (2) In the second state, the engine test structure is at the second temperature, and the sealing component and the test lead are interference fit.

7. The engine test structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first state includes the engine being stopped, and the second state includes the engine being running.

8. An engine testing method, characterized in that, Install the lead hole edge sealing assembly as described in any one of claims 1-3 in the engine casing test hole, and extend the test lead from the lead hole edge sealing assembly into the engine interior.

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