A virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency support transient energy optimization

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of frequency support transient energy optimization virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method and system, comprising: the large grid in parallel with virtual synchronous machine is equivalent to a synchronous machine, and the prime mover model thereof and its primary and secondary frequency modulation capability are considered;When the load disturbance changes, the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine is analyzed, the output power of virtual synchronous machine is divided into different regions, and the transient energy in different regions is analyzed;Combined with the transient energy analysis of different regions of virtual synchronous machine, the key parameters of virtual synchronous machine are adaptively adjusted according to the change of the product sign of grid frequency deviation and frequency change rate, to realize the adaptive control strategy of virtual synchronous machine.The application is oriented to optimize the energy storage capacity of virtual synchronous machine and reduce the cost of energy storage device.Compared with the traditional virtual synchronous machine control, not only the same grid frequency support is realized, but also the cost of energy storage device is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grid-connected inverter control technology, and in particular to a virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization. Background Technology

[0002] To transform the traditional power system dominated by fossil fuels into a new power system based on renewable energy, and to build a new power system adapted to the widespread integration of a high proportion of renewable energy, a "clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient" energy system is needed. Renewable energy sources are typically connected to the grid via grid-connected inverters. However, traditional grid-connected inverters cannot provide the voltage support, inertia support, and primary frequency regulation capabilities of the grid like traditional synchronous machines, posing a serious challenge to the stable operation of the power system. Therefore, as more and more renewable energy sources are connected to the grid, traditional synchronous machines are insufficient to maintain the stable operation of the power system, limiting the proportion of renewable energy grid-connected inverters in the grid.

[0003] Figure 1 The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control shown is an effective solution to the above problems. By simulating the oscillation and electromagnetic equations of a synchronous machine, the inverter possesses external characteristics similar to a synchronous machine, thus actively supporting the frequency and voltage of the power grid. It is considered a key technology for maintaining the stable operation of a "dual-carbon" power grid (high proportion of renewable energy and high proportion of power electronic equipment) under the "dual-carbon" target. With the deepening research on virtual synchronous machine control, researchers have further proposed adaptive virtual synchronous machine control in recent years. By flexibly changing parameters such as moment of inertia and damping coefficient during the control process, it achieves better transient response compared to traditional virtual synchronous machine control.

[0004] Currently, research on adaptive control of virtual synchronous machines can be mainly divided into two categories: suppressing frequency / power oscillations and improving grid frequency support. In the study of suppressing frequency / power oscillations, Reference 1 proposes an improved moment of inertia adaptive control, suggesting that when the virtual synchronous machine is connected to the grid, a smaller moment of inertia is provided to avoid power oscillations, and the moment of inertia is dynamically adjusted when the frequency deviation exceeds the dead zone. Reference 2 proposes using fuzzy control, adding a correction control variable to the output side of the virtual synchronous machine's speed governor to adjust the moment of inertia parameter online during transient processes, thereby improving the dynamic response of the system frequency. However, by rationally designing the damping element of the virtual synchronous machine, the frequency and power oscillation problems of the virtual synchronous machine can be effectively solved, making the use of adaptive parameters less necessary. In the study of improving grid frequency support, Reference 3 proposes linear quadratic optimal control, optimally designing the moment of inertia and damping coefficient, reducing the maximum grid frequency deviation when multiple inverters and synchronous machines are connected in parallel. Reference 4 proposes a method based on Fuzzy-MPC-VSG joint control. This method uses fuzzy control to adjust the moment of inertia and damping coefficient online, and employs model predictive control algorithms to adjust the output power of the virtual synchronous machine. Ultimately, compared to Fuzzy-VSG control or MPC-VSG control, it further reduces the maximum grid frequency deviation. However, while the aforementioned adaptive control aimed at improving grid frequency support reduces the maximum grid frequency deviation, it often comes at the cost of consuming more transient energy from the virtual synchronous machine, increasing the energy storage cost of the VSG.

[0005] Based on the above analysis of the adaptive control of the virtual synchronous machine, there is currently no optimal design method that simultaneously considers the frequency support effect and the reduction of energy storage capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an adaptive control method and system for a virtual synchronous machine that optimizes frequency support transient energy. This invention takes the provision of frequency support for the power grid by a virtual synchronous machine as a premise and aims to reduce energy storage capacity, proposing a control strategy that adaptively adjusts key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the following specific procedures will be followed: A virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method, comprising: The large power grid connected in parallel with virtual synchronous machines is equivalent to a single synchronous machine; The transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine under load disturbance changes is analyzed. The output power of the virtual synchronous machine is divided into regions, and the transient energy in different regions is analyzed. Based on the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine, and according to the change in the sign of the product of grid frequency deviation and frequency change rate, the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine are adaptively adjusted to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the large power grid in which the virtual synchronous machines are connected in parallel is equivalent to a single synchronous machine, and its prime mover model and its primary and secondary frequency regulation capabilities are taken into account.

[0009] As a further improvement to this invention, the large power grid connected in parallel with the virtual synchronous machine is equivalent to a single synchronous machine, and the active power-frequency control of the virtual synchronous machine is also designed, specifically: Based on the active power-frequency control relationship of the virtual synchronous machine, a state feedback control equation is proposed for control.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the state feedback control equation is as follows:

[0011] in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the drooping dead zone of the virtual synchronizer. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. J sf For nominal moment of inertia, T fsf The time constant of the first-order filter. k xω ，k xp ，k xi For state feedback coefficients, P 0 represents the active power reference value. P in For input shaft power, P d For damping power, P out This refers to the output power.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the analysis of the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine during load disturbance changes involves dividing the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into regions and analyzing the transient energy in different regions, including: This paper analyzes the transient process of a virtual synchronous machine with droop dead zone supporting the grid frequency and proposes to divide the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into four regions: When the load suddenly increases and the grid frequency drops, the moment of inertia immediately responds to the load change, causing the virtual synchronous machine to increase its output energy, which is region I; After the grid frequency deviation exceeds the droop dead zone, the droop element begins to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the grid, enabling the virtual synchronous machine to output sufficiently large transient power to actively support the grid frequency, which is for Region II; Regions III and IV represent the energy absorbed by the drooping link during the slow recovery of the power grid frequency under the action of secondary frequency regulation.

[0013] As a further improvement to the present invention, the analysis of transient energy in different regions further includes: Transient energy is further divided into energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value and energy released after the grid frequency drops to its lowest value. The energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value actively supports the grid frequency during the transient process, reducing the maximum deviation of the grid frequency and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid. A portion of the energy released after the grid frequency drops to its lowest value is borne by the primary and secondary frequency regulation of the thermal power units in the grid.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the formulation of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control strategy specifically includes: Based on the change in the sign of the product of the power grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change, the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine are adaptively adjusted to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control strategy for frequency-supported transient energy optimization includes: The relationship between the grid frequency deviation and the absolute value of the droop dead zone is determined. When the grid frequency is less than the absolute value of the droop dead zone, the droop coefficient remains constant at 0. When the grid frequency exceeds the droop dead zone range, the virtual synchronizer parameters, including but not limited to the droop coefficient, are adaptively adjusted based on the change in the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change. The specific expression is as follows:

[0016] in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the sagging dead zone. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. k p_adapt This is the adaptive droop coefficient for the virtual synchronizer.

[0017] A virtual synchronous machine adaptive control system, comprising: The equivalent module converts a large power grid with virtual synchronous machines connected in parallel into a single synchronous machine; The transient analysis module is used to analyze the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine when the load disturbance changes. It divides the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into regions and analyzes the transient energy in different regions. The strategy formulation module is used to combine the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine and adaptively adjust the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine based on the change of the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change, so as to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0018] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method.

[0019] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method of this invention overcomes the frequency / power oscillation problem during the transient process of the virtual synchronous machine by rationally designing the damping element of the active power-frequency control section. Furthermore, it proposes a virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method using frequency-supported transient energy optimization, which can reduce energy storage capacity and system cost while ensuring sufficient frequency support for the grid. Guided by optimizing the energy storage capacity of the virtual synchronous machine and reducing the cost of energy storage devices, this invention's proposed virtual synchronous machine adaptive control scheme, compared to traditional virtual synchronous machine control, not only achieves the same grid frequency support but also significantly reduces the cost of energy storage devices.

[0021] Furthermore, when the grid frequency exceeds the droop dead zone, the droop coefficient is dynamically adjusted: when the product of the grid frequency and the rate of frequency change is less than zero, the virtual synchronous machine provides active support for the grid frequency; when the product of the grid frequency and the rate of frequency change is greater than zero, the droop coefficient is adaptively switched to 0, causing the virtual synchronous machine to stop participating in primary frequency regulation and reducing the output power during the frequency recovery process. The control strategy proposed in this invention achieves the effect of reducing energy storage capacity while maintaining the virtual synchronous machine's active support capability for the grid frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A conceptual diagram of a new energy virtual synchronizer system; Figure 2 An equivalent model for a virtual synchronous machine grid-connected system; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the active-frequency control of a virtual synchronous machine. Figure 4 This refers to the transient process by which the virtual synchronous machine supports the grid frequency. Figure 5 The proposed virtual synchronous machine adaptive control block diagram is shown below. Figure 6 To verify the frequency support effect of the proposed virtual synchronous machine adaptive control scheme; Figure 7 A comparison of transient energy between the proposed virtual synchronous machine adaptive control and the traditional virtual synchronous machine control is presented. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings. These descriptions are intended to explain the invention and not to limit it.

[0025] This invention provides a virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method, comprising: The large power grid connected in parallel with virtual synchronous machines is equivalent to a single synchronous machine; The transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine under load disturbance changes is analyzed. The output power of the virtual synchronous machine is divided into regions, and the transient energy in different regions is analyzed. Based on the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine, and according to the change in the sign of the product of grid frequency deviation and frequency change rate, the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine are adaptively adjusted to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0026] Specifically, this invention adaptively adjusts key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine based on the change in the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change, thereby realizing an adaptive control strategy for the virtual synchronous machine. Guided by optimizing the energy storage capacity of the virtual synchronous machine and reducing the cost of energy storage devices, the proposed adaptive control scheme for the virtual synchronous machine, compared to traditional virtual synchronous machine control, not only achieves the same grid frequency support but also significantly reduces the cost of energy storage devices.

[0027] This invention proposes a control strategy that adaptively adjusts the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine, based on the premise that the virtual synchronous machine provides frequency support for the power grid and with the aim of reducing energy storage capacity.

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: (1) State feedback control is used to design an active-frequency damping element to eliminate oscillations. Considering the increasing proportion of virtual synchronous machines in the total installed capacity of the power grid in the future, the power grid cannot be regarded as an ideal voltage source providing constant voltage and frequency. In order to accurately reflect the dynamic characteristics of the power grid, the power grid is equivalent to a synchronous generator. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 And consider its equivalent prime mover model and primary and secondary frequency modulation characteristics. Figure 3 The block diagram for the active-frequency control of a virtual synchronous machine is shown below, and its basic equations are as follows:

[0029] in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the drooping dead zone of the virtual synchronizer. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. J sf For nominal moment of inertia, T fsf The time constant of the first-order filter. k xω ，k xp ，k xi For state feedback coefficients, P 0 represents the active power reference value. P in For input shaft power, P d For damping power, P out This refers to the output power.

[0030] By introducing three state feedback coefficients, the degrees of freedom in pole configuration are increased, allowing the dominant active-frequency control pole of the virtual synchronous machine to be configured to the damping ratio. ζ The high damping position of 0.9 solves the frequency / power oscillation problem mentioned in the background technology, so there is little need to adopt virtual synchronous machine adaptive control.

[0031] (2) Analyze the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine when the load disturbance changes. To optimize the energy storage capacity of the virtual synchronous machine, this invention first analyzes the transient process of the virtual synchronous machine with droop dead zone supporting the grid frequency, and proposes that the output power of the virtual synchronous machine can be divided into four regions, such as... Figure 4As shown in the diagram, when the load suddenly increases and the grid frequency drops, the rotational inertia immediately responds to the load change, causing the virtual synchronous machine to output more energy (see Region I). After the grid frequency deviation exceeds the droop dead zone, the droop component begins to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the grid, enabling the virtual synchronous machine to output sufficiently large transient power to actively support the grid frequency (see Region II). Regions III and IV represent the energy absorbed by the virtual synchronous machine from the droop component during the slow recovery of the grid frequency under the influence of secondary frequency regulation. Comparing the transient energy of the virtual synchronous machine in the four regions during grid frequency support, it can be found that the transient energy released by droop is dominant in Region II. Therefore, optimizing the droop coefficient becomes the key to reducing energy storage.

[0032] Secondly, this invention further points out that this portion of energy can be subdivided into energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value and energy released after it drops to its lowest value. The energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value actively supports the grid frequency during the transient process, reducing the maximum deviation of the grid frequency and enabling the grid to operate safely and stably. However, a large portion of the energy released after the frequency drops to its lowest value does not contribute to reducing the maximum deviation of the transient frequency. This portion of energy can be handled by the primary and secondary frequency regulation of the thermal power units in the grid, especially by the secondary frequency regulation of the thermal power units; the virtual synchronous machine does not need to perform this function.

[0033] (3) Adaptive adjustment of droop coefficient Figure 5 The adaptive control block diagram of the virtual synchronous machine is shown below. Logical judgment instructions are added to its speed governor section. Based on the relationship between the grid frequency deviation and the absolute value of the droop dead zone, when the grid frequency is less than the absolute value of the droop dead zone, the droop coefficient remains constant at 0. When the grid frequency exceeds the droop dead zone, the droop coefficient is dynamically adjusted: when the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change is less than 0, the droop coefficient remains unchanged, and the virtual synchronous machine provides inertia and frequency support to the grid, suppressing the maximum grid frequency deviation; when the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change is greater than 0, the droop coefficient is adaptively switched to 0, causing the virtual synchronous machine to stop participating in primary frequency regulation and reducing the transient energy provided by the virtual synchronous machine's energy storage. The specific expression is as follows:

[0034] in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the sagging dead zone. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. k p_adapt This is the adaptive droop coefficient for the virtual synchronizer.

[0035] Figure 6 This paper presents a simulation comparison between the proposed virtual synchronous machine adaptive control for optimized frequency-supported transient energy and traditional virtual synchronous machine control. Figure 6 By integrating the positive interval of the virtual synchronizer's output power trajectory, the transient energy of the virtual synchronizer corresponding to the two control schemes can be obtained, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 The results show that the proposed control strategy can suppress the maximum frequency deviation of the power grid to the same level as the traditional virtual synchronous machine control scheme, but the transient energy required by the virtual synchronous machine is significantly reduced.

[0036] In summary, to address the shortcomings of current virtual synchronous machine droop control, this invention first points out that by rationally designing the damping element of the active power-frequency control section, the frequency / power oscillation problem during the transient process of the virtual synchronous machine can be overcome. Then, it proposes an adaptive control method for the virtual synchronous machine that uses frequency-supported transient energy optimization, which can reduce energy storage capacity and lower the system cost of the virtual synchronous machine while ensuring sufficient frequency support for the grid.

[0037] The present invention also provides a frequency-supported transient energy optimization virtual synchronous machine adaptive control system, comprising: The equivalent module converts a large power grid with virtual synchronous machines connected in parallel into a single synchronous machine; The transient analysis module is used to analyze the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine when the load disturbance changes. It divides the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into regions and analyzes the transient energy in different regions. The strategy formulation module is used to combine the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine and adaptively adjust the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine based on the change of the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change, so as to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

[0038] This invention relates to the field of power generation in power systems, and more particularly to the design of a virtual synchronous machine control strategy for reducing the energy storage capacity of distributed renewable energy systems.

[0039] This invention provides a virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization. It analyzes the transient process of virtual synchronous machine parameters affecting the grid's supported frequency and then adopts a virtual synchronous machine adaptive control strategy. This control strategy helps reduce the cost of energy storage devices in new energy systems, thereby bringing economic benefits to grid operation.

[0040] The present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method.

[0041] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0043] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0044] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0045] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization, characterized in that, include: The large power grid connected in parallel with the virtual synchronous machine is equivalent to a single synchronous machine, and its prime mover model and its primary and secondary frequency regulation capabilities are considered. The transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine under load disturbance changes is analyzed. The output power of the virtual synchronous machine is divided into regions, and the transient energy in different regions is analyzed. Based on the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine, and according to the change in the sign of the product of grid frequency deviation and frequency change rate, the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine are adaptively adjusted to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine. The transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine under load disturbance changes is analyzed. The output power of the virtual synchronous machine is divided into regions, and the transient energy in different regions is analyzed, including: This paper analyzes the transient process of a virtual synchronous machine with droop dead zone supporting the grid frequency and proposes to divide the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into four regions: When the load suddenly increases and the grid frequency drops, the moment of inertia immediately responds to the load change, causing the virtual synchronous machine to increase its output energy, which is region I; After the grid frequency deviation exceeds the droop dead zone, the droop element begins to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the grid, enabling the virtual synchronous machine to output sufficiently large transient power to actively support the grid frequency, which is for Region II; Regions III and IV represent the process where, under the influence of secondary frequency regulation of the power grid, the power grid frequency begins to slowly recover, and the rotational inertia of the virtual synchronous machine absorbs the energy provided by the drooping link. The method of adaptively adjusting key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine based on the change in the sign of the product of the power grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change includes: The relationship between the grid frequency and the absolute value of the droop dead zone is determined. When the grid frequency is less than the absolute value of the droop dead zone, the droop coefficient remains constant at 0. When the grid frequency exceeds the droop dead zone range, the virtual synchronizer parameters, including the droop coefficient, are adaptively adjusted based on the change in the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change. The specific expression is as follows: in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the sagging dead zone. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. k p_adapt The adaptive droop coefficient for the virtual synchronizer; This represents the rate of change of the power grid frequency.

2. The virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large power grid connected in parallel with virtual synchronous machines is equivalent to a single synchronous machine. The active power-frequency control of the virtual synchronous machine is also designed, specifically: Based on the active power-frequency control relationship of the virtual synchronous machine, a state feedback control equation is proposed for control.

3. The virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The state feedback control equation is: in, ω m For the power grid frequency, ω db This is the drooping dead zone of the virtual synchronizer. ω 0 represents the rated power grid frequency. k p This represents the droop factor of the virtual synchronizer. J sf For nominal moment of inertia, T fsf The time constant of the first-order filter. k xω ，k xp ，k xi For state feedback coefficients, P 0 represents the active power reference value. P in For input shaft power, P d For damping power, P out This refers to the output power.

4. The virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method for frequency-supported transient energy optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of transient energy in different regions also includes: Transient energy is further divided into energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value and energy released after the grid frequency drops to its lowest value. The energy released before the grid frequency drops to its lowest value actively supports the grid frequency during the transient process, reducing the maximum deviation of the grid frequency and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid. A portion of the energy released after the grid frequency drops to its lowest value is borne by the primary and secondary frequency regulation of the thermal power units in the grid.

5. A frequency-supported transient energy optimization virtual synchronous machine adaptive control system, based on the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The equivalent module converts a large power grid with virtual synchronous machines connected in parallel into a single synchronous machine; The transient analysis module is used to analyze the transient energy process of the virtual synchronous machine when the load disturbance changes. It divides the output power of the virtual synchronous machine into regions and analyzes the transient energy in different regions. The strategy formulation module is used to combine the analysis of transient energy in different regions of the virtual synchronous machine and adaptively adjust the key parameters of the virtual synchronous machine based on the change of the sign of the product of the grid frequency deviation and the rate of frequency change, so as to realize the adaptive control strategy of the virtual synchronous machine.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method according to any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the virtual synchronous machine adaptive control method according to any one of claims 1-4.

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