Wind-solar-storage-tunnel ventilation system

Abstract

The application provides a wind and light storage tunnel ventilation system, which directly drives axial flow fans in a tunnel by using natural wind energy and light storage energy. The wind and light storage tunnel ventilation system comprises a vertical axis wind turbine, a photovoltaic driving module, a fixing module, an axial flow fan and a wind and photovoltaic switching module. The wind and photovoltaic switching module comprises a torque transmission mechanism and a slip ring. When the wind is strong, the axial flow fan and the vertical axis wind turbine can be connected through the torque transmission mechanism, so that the wind turbine directly drives the axial flow fan coaxially. When the working speed of the wind turbine is too low, the vertical axis wind turbine disconnects the driving of the axial flow fan through the wind and photovoltaic switching module, and at this time, the storage system supplies power to the direct current motor, and the direct current motor directly drives the axial flow fan to work. The natural energy is fully utilized, the continuity of ventilation in the tunnel is ensured, and the direct conversion of energy is realized by the direct driving of wind energy and light storage energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel ventilation design, and in particular to a system that utilizes natural wind energy and solar energy to directly drive a ventilation fan. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a vast mountainous and hilly region, and tunnels passing through mountains connect to a comprehensive network of highways and railways, facilitating people's lives. However, tunnels traversing towering mountains often face harsh natural conditions, including dampness and frequent rain. Therefore, ensuring ventilation within the tunnels is crucial for road safety. However, establishing power grids in mountainous areas is difficult and costly. To address the limitations of existing technologies that use electricity to drive ventilation fans, this invention provides a method that can not only directly drive ventilation fans using natural wind but also, when wind speeds are weak, directly drive them using solar energy storage. This achieves full utilization of natural energy, ensuring continuous ventilation within the tunnel; the direct driving of wind and solar energy storage also enables direct energy conversion, avoiding energy conversion losses, primarily affecting the efficiency of the gearbox, the electrical conversion, the inverter, and the motor. Components such as the gearbox, generator, and inverter increase system investment costs and affect the overall system reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system that incorporates a mechanical wind-to-photovoltaic switching module into the wind-driven system. When there is no wind or the wind speed is low, the system disengages from wind-driven operation and switches to photovoltaic drive. This avoids the need for electronic monitoring equipment and improves the reliability of the tunnel ventilation system.

[0004] A wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system includes a vertical axis wind turbine, a photovoltaic drive module, a fixed module, an axial flow fan, and a wind and photovoltaic switching module.

[0005] The photovoltaic drive module includes an energy storage system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a controller, and a DC motor.

[0006] The fixing module includes a bracket and rolling bearings. The vertical axis wind turbine is fixed by rolling bearings mounted on the bracket, which is fixed to the mountainside.

[0007] The wind power and photovoltaic switching module includes a torque transmission mechanism and a slip ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the torque transmission mechanism includes a compression spring, a transmission pin, an electrode rod, an inner turntable, and an outer turntable. An axial fan is connected to the outer turntable, and a vertical axis fan is connected to the inner turntable. One end of the compression spring is fixed to the center of the inner turntable, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transmission pin; one end of the electrode rod is fixedly connected to the transmission pin, and the electrode rod is located at the central axis of the compression spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical axis wind turbine is connected to drive the axial flow fan via a torque transmission mechanism in the wind power and photovoltaic switching module. A ventilation duct is constructed above the tunnel, and the axial flow fan is installed on the ventilation duct. When the vertical axis wind turbine reaches its operating speed, the compression spring moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, which in turn drives the transmission pin to move outward, connecting the inner and outer turntables through the transmission pin, thus driving the axial flow fan to work. This allows the vertical axis wind turbine to directly drive the axial flow fan.

[0010] Furthermore, when the vertical axis wind turbine directly drives the axial flow fan, the slip ring is in an open circuit and not connected to the electrode rod. The controller determines that the slip ring is in an open circuit state, so that the photovoltaic power generation system does not work or is in the state of powering the energy storage system.

[0011] The use of a vertical-axis wind turbine to directly coaxially drive an axial fan, rather than generating electricity from the vertical-axis wind turbine and then driving the axial fan motor, aims to avoid energy conversion losses, primarily affecting gearbox efficiency, electrical conversion efficiency, inverter efficiency, and motor efficiency. Components such as the gearbox, generator, and inverter also increase system investment costs and impact overall system reliability.

[0012] Furthermore, the photovoltaic drive module drives the axial fan. At this time, the vertical axis wind turbine is disconnected from the torque transmission mechanism in the wind and photovoltaic switching module, thus disconnecting the drive of the axial fan. Even further, when the wind turbine's operating speed is too low, the inner and outer turntables of the torque transmission mechanism disengage, preventing the axial fan from causing the vertical axis wind turbine to reverse. At this point, under the centripetal force of the compression spring, the electrode rod moves towards the center of the inner turntable and connects with the slip ring, sending a signal to the controller through the slip ring. The controller, by determining that the slip ring is in an open-circuit state, controls the energy storage system to supply power to the DC motor, thereby driving the axial fan and enabling the photovoltaic energy storage system to directly drive the axial fan for ventilation within the tunnel.

[0013] This invention solves the following technical problems: 1. When there is no wind or the wind is weak, a photovoltaic power generation system drives a DC motor, which in turn drives an axial fan. At this time, the vertical axis wind turbine disconnects from the axial fan, achieving both photovoltaic energy storage to drive the axial fan and avoiding the blower losses that occur when the vertical axis wind turbine operates in reverse. The system uses a DC motor, avoiding the energy loss and overall system reliability issues associated with inverters in ordinary photovoltaic systems. 2. When the vertical axis wind turbine reaches its operating speed, natural wind can be used to directly drive the ventilation fan. This achieves full utilization of natural energy, ensuring continuous ventilation within the tunnel; the direct drive of wind and photovoltaic energy storage also enables direct energy conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 Installation diagram of a wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system

[0015] Figure 2 For the connection and installation of axial flow fans and vertical axis wind turbines

[0016] Figure 3 Wind power to solar power switching module Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention provides a technical implementation scheme for a wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system, which utilizes natural wind energy and solar energy storage to directly drive axial flow fans for ventilation and air exchange within the tunnel. The wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system includes a vertical axis wind turbine 4, a photovoltaic drive module 1, a fixed module 2, an axial flow fan 5, and a wind power and photovoltaic switching module 6.

[0018] The photovoltaic drive module 1 includes an energy storage system 101, a photovoltaic power generation system 102, a controller 103, and a DC motor 104.

[0019] The fixing module 2 includes a bracket 201 and a rolling bearing 202.

[0020] The vertical axis wind turbine 4 is fixed by a rolling bearing 202 mounted on a bracket 201, which is fixed to the mountainside.

[0021] The wind power and photovoltaic switching module 6 includes a torque transmission mechanism 7 and a slip ring 3.

[0022] The torque transmission mechanism 8 includes a compression spring 701, a transmission pin 702, an electrode rod 703, an inner turntable 704, and an outer turntable 705. An axial fan 5 is connected to the outer turntable 705, and a vertical axis fan 4 is connected to the inner turntable 704. One end of the compression spring 701 is fixed to the center of the inner turntable 704, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transmission pin 702; one end of the electrode rod 703 is fixedly connected to the transmission pin 702, and the electrode rod 703 is located at the central axis of the compression spring 701.

[0023] The axial fan 5 and the vertical axis fan 4 are connected through a torque transmission mechanism 7.

[0024] The vertical axis wind turbine 4 is connected to the axial flow fan 5 via the torque transmission mechanism 7 in the wind and photovoltaic switching module 6. A ventilation duct is constructed above the tunnel, and the axial flow fan 5 is installed on the duct. When the vertical axis wind turbine 4 reaches its operating speed, the compression spring 701 moves outward under centrifugal force, which in turn drives the transmission pin 702 outward. This connects the inner turntable 704 and the outer turntable 705 via the transmission pin 702, driving the axial flow fan 5 to operate, thus enabling the vertical axis wind turbine 4 to directly drive the axial flow fan 5. At this time, the slip ring 3 is in an open circuit and not connected to the electrode rod 703. The controller 103, by determining that the slip ring 3 is in an open circuit state, controls the photovoltaic power generation system 102 to either not operate or to operate the energy storage system 101.

[0025] The photovoltaic drive module 1 drives the axial fan 5. At this time, the vertical axis wind turbine 4 is disconnected from the torque transmission mechanism 7 in the wind and photovoltaic switching module 6, thus disconnecting the drive of the axial fan 5. When the wind turbine's operating speed is too low, the inner turntable 704 and the outer turntable 705 disengage. At this time, under the centripetal force of the compression spring 701, the electrode rod 703 moves towards the center of the inner turntable 704 and connects with the slip ring 3, sending a signal to the controller 103 through the slip ring 3. The controller 103 determines that the slip ring 3 is in an open circuit state and controls the energy storage system 101 to supply power to the DC motor 104, thereby driving the axial fan 5 to work, realizing that the photovoltaic energy storage system directly drives the axial fan for ventilation in the tunnel.

[0026] This invention not only fully utilizes natural energy and ensures continuous ventilation within the tunnel, but also enables direct energy conversion through the direct drive of wind and solar energy storage.

Claims

1. A wind-solar-storage-tunnel-ventilation system characterized in that: The vertical axis wind turbine (4), the photovoltaic driving module (1), the fixed module (2), the axial flow fan (5), the wind power and photovoltaic switching module (6), the wind power and photovoltaic switching module (6) includes the torque transmission mechanism (7) and the slip ring (3), the axial flow fan (5) is connected with the vertical axis wind turbine (4) through the torque transmission mechanism (7) in the photovoltaic switching module (6) and is disconnected;The torque transmission mechanism (7) includes the compression spring (701), the transmission pin (702), the electrode rod (703), the inner rotating disc (704), the outer rotating disc (705);The axial flow fan (5) is connected with the outer rotating disc (705), the vertical axis wind turbine (4) is connected with the inner rotating disc (704), one end of the compression spring (701) is fixed to the center of the inner rotating disc (704), the other end is fixedly connected with the transmission pin (702);One end of the electrode rod (703) is fixedly connected with the transmission pin (702), and the electrode rod (703) is located at the intermediate axis of the compression spring (701);The vertical axis wind turbine (4) is connected with the driving shaft flow fan (5) through the torque transmission mechanism (7) in the wind power and photovoltaic switching module (6), and the axial flow fan (5) is arranged on the ventilation passage above the tunnel;When the rotating speed of the vertical axis wind turbine (4) reaches the working rotating speed, the compression spring (701) moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the transmission pin (702) is driven to move outward, so that the inner rotating disc (704) and the outer rotating disc (705) are connected through the transmission pin (702), and the axial flow fan (5) is driven to work, and the vertical axis wind turbine (4) directly drives the axial flow fan (5) to work;When the vertical axis wind turbine (4) directly drives the axial flow fan (5) to work, the slip ring (3) is in open circuit and is not communicated with the electrode rod (703), and the controller (103) judges that the slip ring (3) is in open circuit, and the photovoltaic power generation system (102) does not work or is in the working state of giving the power storage system (101).

2. The wind-solar-storage-tunnel-ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: The photovoltaic driving module (1) includes a power storage system (101), a photovoltaic power generation system (102), a controller (103) and a DC motor (104);The fixed module (2) includes a support (201) and a rolling bearing (202);The vertical axis wind turbine (4) is fixed through the rolling bearing (202) installed on the support (201), and the support (201) is fixed on the mountain.

3. The wind-solar-storage tunnel ventilation system according to claim 1, when the working speed of the wind turbine is too low, the vertical axis wind turbine (4) is disconnected with the torque transmission mechanism (7) in the wind power and photovoltaic switching module (6), the driving axial flow fan (5) is disconnected, characterized in that: The inner rotating disc (704) and the outer rotating disc (705) in the torque transmission mechanism (7) are disconnected.

4. The wind-solar-storage-tunnel-ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: Under the action of the centripetal force of the compression spring (701), the electrode rod (703) is driven to move to the center of the inner rotating disc (704) and is communicated with the slip ring (3), and sends a signal to the controller (103) through the slip ring (3);The controller (103) judges that the slip ring (3) is in open circuit, controls the power storage system (101) to supply power to the DC motor (104), and the DC motor (104) drives the axial flow fan (5) to work.

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