A Crested Ibis Ecological Habitat System

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological habitat system for crested ibis, comprising an ecological pond, a rice field, a nesting forest area and a wandering area; the rice field and the nesting forest area are arranged around the ecological pond, and the wandering area is filled in the gap between the rice field, the nesting forest area and the ecological pond; the ecological pond is connected to an external river water source to maintain water supply; the rice field is arranged in a terraced form with multiple levels of high ground, and water is supplied by the ecological pond. After the water in the rice field is discharged, it flows into the wandering area. The wandering area is shrub land on one side close to the rice field or the ecological pond, and is arbor forest on the other side close to the nesting forest area. The invention is an ecological habitat system for crested ibis, an ecological pond is planned in the wetland, and terraces, wandering areas and nesting forest areas are arranged with the ecological pond as the center to meet the foraging and normal activities of the crested ibis during the wandering period, the nesting period and the breeding period. The terraces, the wandering area and the ecological pond are used to carry out ecological breeding, so as to realize the diversified foraging of the crested ibis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crested ibis protection, in particular to a crested ibis ecological habitat system. Background Art

[0002] The natural habitats of wetlands are mostly fish ponds with dense vegetation and steep ridges. There is a lack of gentle shallows suitable for wading birds and other water birds to inhabit. Therefore, how to construct a crested ibis ecological zone in wetlands according to local conditions is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crested ibis ecological habitat system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a crested ibis ecological habitat system, comprising an ecological pond, a rice field, a nesting forest area and a wandering area;

[0005] The rice fields and nesting forest areas are surrounded by the ecological pond, and the land is filled in the gaps between the rice fields, nesting forest areas and ecological ponds;

[0006] Ecological pond, connected to external river water source to maintain water supply;

[0007] The rice fields are arranged in the form of terraces with multiple levels of elevations, and are supplied with water by ecological ponds. The water from the rice fields is discharged and flows into the wandering land. The side of the wandering land close to the rice fields or ecological ponds is shrub land, and the side close to the nesting forest area is a tree forest.

[0008] Preferably, a horizontal subsurface flow wetland is set in the ecological pond, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is separated from the main body of the reservoir by a water body, and algae are planted in the horizontal subsurface flow wetland.

[0009] Preferably, the ecological pond is provided with a green belt, a hardened road, a gabion slope protection zone and an algae isolation zone from the outside to the inside. The algae isolation zone is separated from the pond body by a water body, and an ecological floating island is provided on the water surface of the pond.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is composed of a rammed soil layer, and upwards, there are a clay protective layer, a cement cushion layer, a HDPE film and a geotextile protective layer, a sand cushion layer and a gravel cushion layer.

[0011] Preferably, the multiple terraces in the rice field are divided by ridges; the ridges are provided with switchable V-shaped water outlets;

[0012] The ecological pond and the rice field are connected by an inlet channel. The water from the inlet channel enters the distribution channel by overflow. The water from the distribution channel is transported to the rice field through a V-shaped outlet. The rice field and the wandering land are connected by a collection channel. The collection channel outputs water through a V-shaped outlet. The collection channel and the distribution channel are connected by another waterway.

[0013] Preferably, the soil composition of the rice field is the surface soil of the original beach and 10% of the volume of river pond soil, the bottom layer is gravel, and under the gravel is a composite geomembrane for anti-seepage.

[0014] Preferably, the highest level of rice fields are used for rice-fish co-culture, the second level of rice fields are used for rice-loach co-culture, the third level of rice fields are used for co-culture of various gramineous plants, and the fourth level of rice fields are used for natural growth of local plants;

[0015] In autumn and winter, the first and second level rice fields are irrigated and water is stored, the second and third level rice fields are plowed, and the fourth level rice fields are manually cut of low shrubs or herbaceous plants and piled on the spot.

[0016] Preferably, the shrub forests in the wandering area include Vitex negundo and Acer truncatum; the tree forests include Platycladus orientalis and Broussonetia papyrifera;

[0017] Pine trees are planted in the nesting forest area.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes setting up artificial bird nests installed in nesting forest areas and wandering areas;

[0019] The artificial bird nest is a nest-shaped structure formed by a plurality of fin frames arranged at intervals. A bending part is arranged at the end of the fin frame. The bending part is made of a water-absorbing resin material, and the outer side area of ​​the bending part is larger than the inner side area.

[0020] Preferably, a protective frame is provided at the bottom of the socket-shaped structure, the protective frame is provided along the lower edge of the socket-shaped structure, and forms a disc-shaped structure with a radius larger than the socket-shaped structure under the socket-shaped structure;

[0021] The disc-shaped structure includes turning frames arranged at intervals in an annular manner, and a flexible disc surface is connected between adjacent turning frames;

[0022] The flip frame is connected to a driving structure, which includes a cam and a column. The cam is driven and connected to a shift fork. One end of the shift fork is hinged with a sliding sleeve, which is slidably connected to the column. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a support rod in the circumferential direction. The end of the support rod is connected to a connecting rod. The flip frame has a first hinged end and a second hinged end. The first hinged end is hinged to the connecting rod, and the second hinged end is hinged to the column. The cam drives the shift fork to slide up and down, thereby driving the sliding sleeve to slide up and down, and driving the connecting rod to drive the flip frame to flip around the second hinged end.

[0023] The top of the column is used to place the bottom of the artificial bird's nest, the fin frame is slidably connected to the bottom of the nest in groups, the second connecting end is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod, the end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod, and the end of the second connecting rod is connected to the fin frame;

[0024] When the turning frame turns upward, the fin frame is lifted upward by pushing the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod;

[0025] When a young bird falls from an artificial bird nest, it will first fall on the disc-shaped structure. At this time, the turning frame is driven to turn over and the wing frame is lifted up, thereby sending the young bird back to the artificial bird nest.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The invention provides an ecological habitat system for crested ibis. An ecological pond is planned in the wetland. With the ecological pond as the center, terraces, wandering areas and nesting forest areas are arranged to meet the foraging and normal activities of the crested ibis during wandering, nesting and breeding periods.

[0028] Ecological breeding is carried out by utilizing terraced fields, wandering areas and ecological ponds to achieve diversified foraging for the red-crowned crane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terraced field of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological pond of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ecological pond of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an artificial bird's nest of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of the overturning frame of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage structure between the fin frame and the turnover frame of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the fin skeleton structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological habitat system for crested ibis, including an ecological pond 5, a rice field 2, a nesting forest area 3 and a wandering area 4;

[0040] The rice fields and nesting forest areas are surrounded by the ecological pond, and the land is filled in the gaps between the rice fields, nesting forest areas and ecological ponds;

[0041] The ecological pond is connected to an external river water source to maintain water supply. A horizontal subsurface flow wetland is set up in the ecological pond. The horizontal subsurface flow wetland is separated from the main body of the reservoir by a water body, and algae are planted in the horizontal subsurface flow wetland.

[0042] From the outside to the inside of the ecological pond, there are green belts 525, boxwood is planted in the green belts 525, hardened roads 524, gabion slope protection 523 and algae isolation belts 522. The algae isolation belts 522 and the pond body 521 are separated by water. Ecological floating islands are set on the water surface of the pond, and cannas 527 are planted at the corners of the pond body. The bottom of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is composed of a rammed soil layer 511, and upwards, there are clay protective layers 512, cement cushion layers 513, HDPE membranes and geotextile protective layers 515, sand cushion layers and gravel cushion layers 514.

[0043] The horizontal subsurface wetland is set up in the ecological pond. On the one hand, it is used to plant plants such as reeds, cattails, and cannas to breed food for the crested ibis; it is also used to control the water quality of the pond body, using microorganisms to carry out nitrification-denitrification on the wetland to reduce odor and the breeding of mosquitoes and flies, and prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases. Secondly, the setting of the bottom filler of the subsurface wetland and the planting of foxtail algae on the surface can have a heat preservation effect, ensuring a certain amount of plankton even in autumn and winter to provide food for the crested ibis. This is crucial for the ecological pond transformed by artificial drainage.

[0044] The rice fields are arranged in a multi-level terraced form, with water supplied by ecological ponds. The multi-level terraces in the rice fields are divided by ridges, and the ridges are equipped with switchable V-shaped water outlets.

[0045] The ecological pond and the rice field are connected via an inlet channel 22, and a fixed slope protection 21 is set on the outside of the inlet channel 22; the water from the inlet channel 22 enters the distribution channel 23 by overflow, and the water from the distribution channel 23 is transported to the rice field through a V-shaped outlet. The rice field and the wandering land are connected via a water collection channel, and the water collection channel is output through a V-shaped outlet. The water collection channel and the distribution channel are connected by a waterway. The soil of the rice field is the surface soil of the original beach and 10% of the river pond soil by volume. The bottom layer is gravel, and under the gravel is a composite geomembrane for anti-seepage. The highest level of rice fields is used for rice-fish co-culture, and the second level of rice fields is used for rice-loach co-culture. The third level of rice fields is used for the co-culture of various grasses, and the fourth level of rice fields is used for the natural growth of local plants;

[0046] In autumn and winter, the first and second level rice fields are irrigated and water is stored, the second and third level rice fields are plowed, and the fourth level rice fields are manually cut of low shrubs or herbaceous plants and piled on the spot.

[0047] The height difference of the terrace can be maintained at about 1 meter (500cm-800cm is optimal), and the specific transformation depends on the actual terrain, and the horizontal terrace is the best (the overall slope is about 15°). According to the needs of the ecosystem, the terrace has the advantages of water storage and soil conservation, which can ensure the operational stability of the entire ecosystem. In addition, the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the terrace are good, which is conducive to the accumulation of nutrients and convenient for the planning of the irrigation and drainage system. Specifically in this embodiment, it is only necessary to uniformly divert water from the ecological pond to achieve irrigation. Secondly, the centralized distribution of the terraces is conducive to the planning of roads. In actual application, a road can be set up around the steps of the terraces. The impact of production activities on the crested ibis can be greatly reduced.

[0048] Terraces can also retain topsoil as much as possible and accelerate soil maturation, which can improve the effect in the early stages of ecosystem construction and ensure rice field yields and the establishment of a complete rice field ecosystem.

[0049] In autumn and winter, the first and second level rice fields are irrigated and stored with water (without plowing) to reduce the hardness of the soil and attract the growth of benthic organisms, such as loaches, fish and snails; these organisms move back and forth between the water layer and the mud layer, forming a stable paddy field environment, which can provide sufficient winter food for the crested ibis. The second and third level rice fields are plowed to reduce the hardness of the soil and facilitate winter fertilization of the land. At this time, there are some insect larvae such as Lepidoptera and Odonata in the mud. The fourth level rice fields are piled with low shrubs or herbaceous plants to prevent the crested ibis from directly contacting the hard ground and to ensure that insects have a space for activities in winter. Because the crested ibis is a wading bird that forages by touch, it has higher requirements for the winter land environment. The transitional form of winter treatment of rice fields at different levels can ensure the biodiversity of the rice fields, and also avoid the problem of crested ibis foraging gap caused by the disappearance of a certain species due to population problems in that year.

[0050] The water from the rice fields flows into the wandering land. The side of the wandering land near the rice fields or ecological ponds is shrub land, and the side near the nesting forest area is arbor forest. The shrub forest in the wandering land includes Vitex negundo and Acer truncatum; the arbor forest includes Platycladus orientalis and Broussonetia papyrifera.

[0051] The wandering area is to provide a place for the crested ibis to stay and forage during the wandering period; the environment is mainly shrubs, and transitions to the nesting forest through the arbor forest. At the same time, the wandering area is guaranteed to be concealed to a certain extent, which is suitable for the activities of the population.

[0052] Pine trees are planted in the nesting forest area.

[0053] In the nesting forest area, what needs to be solved are the invasion of snakes on the nests of Crested Ibis and the problem of Crested Ibis chicks falling out of the nests.

[0054] This embodiment adopts the form of an artificial bird's nest: Figure 6-Figure 9 The artificial bird nest is a nest-like structure formed by a plurality of wing frames arranged at intervals 7;

[0055] A protective frame is provided at the bottom of the nest-shaped structure 7, and the protective frame is provided along the lower edge of the nest-shaped structure, and forms a disc-shaped structure with a radius larger than the nest-shaped structure 7 under the nest-shaped structure 7;

[0056] The disc-shaped structure includes a turnover frame 67 arranged at an annular interval, and a flexible disc surface 671 is connected between adjacent turnover frames 67, and the flexible disc surface 671 is adapted to the turnover frame 67 to be turned over and contracted;

[0057] The flip frame 67 is connected to a driving structure, which includes a cam 61 and a column 68. The cam 61 is driven and connected to a shift fork 63. Figure 7 As shown, one end of the fork 63 is rotatably connected to the support frame 62, and the support frame 62 is fixed on the support platform 69. The support platform 69 can be fixed on a tree when installed. A convex column 621 is provided in the middle of the fork 63, and the cam 61 is a disc cam, and a cam groove is provided on the end surface. The convex column 621 is embedded and slidably connected in the cam groove.

[0058] One end of the shift fork 63 is hinged with a sliding sleeve 64, which is slidably connected to the column 68. The sliding sleeve 64 is fixedly connected to a support rod 65 in the circumferential direction, and the end of the support rod 65 is connected with a connecting rod 66. The flip frame 67 has a first hinged end and a second hinged end. The first hinged end is hinged to the connecting rod 66, and the second hinged end is hinged to the column 68. The cam 61 drives the shift fork 63 to slide up and down, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 64 to slide up and down, driving the connecting rod 65 to drive the flip frame 67 to flip around the second hinged end.

[0059] The top of the column 68 is used to place the bottom of the artificial bird's nest. The fin frames 71 are slidably connected to the bottom of the nest in groups. The fin frames 71 are fixedly connected as a whole. At least one fin frame 71 is slidably connected to the bottom of the nest and can also be slidably connected to the column 68. The depth of the sliding connection can be relatively set deeper to play a guiding role. The fin frame 71 slidably connected to the bottom of the nest / column 68 is connected to the flip frame 67 to achieve coordinated driving.

[0060] The second connecting end is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod 712, an end of the first connecting rod 712 is hinged to a second connecting rod 711, and an end of the second connecting rod 711 is connected to the fin frame 71;

[0061] When the flip frame 67 flips upward, the fin frame 71 is lifted upward by pushing the first connecting rod 712 and the second connecting rod 711; Figure 8For example, the flip frame 67 flips upward, and the first connecting rod flips upward clockwise, pushing the second connecting rod 711 and the fin hanger 71 at the end of the second connecting rod 711 to slide upward, thereby opening a passage to enter the artificial bird's nest.

[0062] When a young bird falls from the artificial bird's nest, it will first fall on the disc-shaped structure. At this time, the turning frame is driven to turn over, and the wing frame 71 is lifted up, so that the young bird is sent back to the artificial bird's nest.

[0063] In actual applications, the cam is driven by a motor, and the motor can be powered by a solar panel. In addition, the cam is driven and the crank slider design is stable and has a long service life. In addition, in the application, it should be avoided that the crested ibis fills the artificial bird's nest with too many branches and debris. Therefore, when it is put into use, the bird's nest can be cleaned manually after the young birds hatch, and the branches and debris can be removed; during debugging, after the crested ibis nesting period, it can be debugged repeatedly, and the wing frame 71 can slide up and down many times to press the debris on the bottom of the nest.

[0064] Continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, the protective frame is located at the lower edge of the opening of the nest-like structure. In addition to being used to catch young birds that fall out of the nest, it also forms a barrier to prevent snakes from crawling into the bird's nest.

[0065] In addition, the fin frame 71 is a sheet-like structure, which is arranged in an interval ring, and can also prevent snakes from entering. The interval structure on the outer side reduces the friction when the snake crawls around, thereby increasing the difficulty of crawling; the inner side of the fin frame 71 can be connected as a whole;

[0066] It is worth mentioning that a curved portion is provided at the end of the fin frame 71, the curved portion is made of a water-absorbing resin material, and the area of ​​the outer side surface 700 of the curved portion is larger than the area of ​​the inner side surface 701. When in use, since the egg-laying period of the crested ibis is in spring, the weather is relatively dry. Fig. 9 As shown, the fin skeleton 71 absorbs less water, and the whole is in a stretched state, which can keep the ventilation in the nest and provide a better incubation environment for the crested ibis. When the young bird hatches, it is already between spring and summer, and the air is relatively humid at this time. The curved portion absorbs more water. Since the area of ​​the outer side is larger than the inner side (the density of the water-absorbing resin on the outer side can also be set to be larger than the inner side), the expansion coefficient of the outer side is greater than that of the inner side. At this time, the curved portion will bend from the outside to the inside, and the whole bird's nest will be in a folded state, which prevents the young bird from falling and has the effect of heat preservation. The function of this curved portion is similar to the principle of pine cone absorbing water and folding.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crested ibis ecological habitat system, comprising an ecological pond, a rice field, a nesting forest area and a wandering area; The rice fields and nesting forest areas are surrounded by the ecological pond, and the land is filled in the gaps between the rice fields, nesting forest areas and ecological ponds; Ecological pond, connected to external river water source to maintain water supply; The rice fields are arranged in a multi-level terraced form, and water is supplied by the ecological pond. The water from the rice fields flows into the wandering land after being drained. The side of the wandering land close to the rice fields or the ecological pond is shrub land, and the side close to the nesting forest area is arbor forest. It also includes the installation of artificial bird nests in nesting forest areas and wandering areas; The artificial bird nest is a nest-shaped structure formed by a plurality of fin frames arranged at intervals, and a bending part is arranged at the end of the fin frame, and the bending part is made of a water-absorbing resin material, and the outer side area of ​​the bending part is larger than the inner side area; A protective frame is arranged at the bottom of the nest-shaped structure, and the protective frame is arranged along the lower edge of the opening of the nest-shaped structure, and forms a disc-shaped structure with a radius larger than the nest-shaped structure under the nest-shaped structure; The disc-shaped structure includes turning frames arranged at intervals in an annular manner, and a flexible disc surface is connected between adjacent turning frames; The flip frame is connected to a driving structure, which includes a cam and a column. The cam is driven and connected to a shift fork. One end of the shift fork is hinged with a sliding sleeve, which is slidably connected to the column. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a support rod in the circumferential direction. The end of the support rod is connected to a connecting rod. The flip frame has a first hinged end and a second hinged end. The first hinged end is hinged to the connecting rod, and the second hinged end is hinged to the column. The cam drives the shift fork to slide up and down, thereby driving the sliding sleeve to slide up and down, and driving the connecting rod to drive the flip frame to flip around the second hinged end. The top of the column is used to place the bottom of the artificial bird's nest, the fin frame is slidably connected to the bottom of the nest in groups, the second connecting end is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod, the end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod, and the end of the second connecting rod is connected to the fin frame; When the turning frame turns upward, the fin frame is lifted upward by pushing the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; When a young bird falls from an artificial bird nest, it will first fall on the disc-shaped structure. At this time, the turning frame is driven to turn over and the wing frame is lifted up, thereby sending the young bird back to the artificial bird nest.

2. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 1, Features: A horizontal subsurface flow wetland is set up in the ecological pond. The horizontal subsurface flow wetland is separated from the main body of the reservoir by a water body, and algae are planted in the horizontal subsurface flow wetland.

3. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 2, Features: From the outside to the inside, the ecological pond is equipped with green belts, hardened roads, gabion slope protection and algae isolation belts. The algae isolation belt is separated from the pond body by a water body, and an ecological floating island is set on the water surface of the pond.

4. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 2, Features: The bottom of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland is composed of a rammed soil layer, followed by a clay protective layer, a cement cushion layer, a HDPE membrane and a geotextile protective layer, a sand cushion layer and a gravel cushion layer.

5. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 1, Features: The multiple terraces in the rice fields are divided by ridges, and the ridges are equipped with V-shaped water outlets that can be switched on and off. The ecological pond and the rice field are connected by an inlet channel. The water from the inlet channel enters the distribution channel by overflow. The water from the distribution channel is transported to the rice field through a V-shaped outlet. The rice field and the wandering land are connected by a collection channel. The collection channel outputs water through a V-shaped outlet. The collection channel and the distribution channel are connected by another waterway.

6. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 5, Features: The soil mixture of the rice fields is the surface soil of the original beach and 10% of the volume of river pond soil. The bottom layer is gravel, and under the gravel is a composite geomembrane for anti-seepage.

7. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 6, Features: The highest level of paddy fields is used for rice-fish co-culture, the second level paddy fields are used for rice-loach co-culture, the third level paddy fields are used for co-culture of various grasses, and the fourth level paddy fields are used for the natural growth of local plants; In autumn and winter, the first and second level rice fields are irrigated and water is stored, the second and third level rice fields are plowed, and the fourth level rice fields are manually cut of low shrubs or herbaceous plants and piled on the spot.

8. The crested ibis ecological habitat system according to claim 1, Features: The shrub forests in the wandering area include Vitex chinensis and Acer truncatum; the tree forests include Platycladus orientalis and Broussonetia sylvestris. Pine trees are planted in the nesting forest area.

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