Single-sided formwork support structure for retaining wall of ultra-high and steep slope and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single-sided formwork support structure for a retaining wall on an extremely high and steep slope and a construction method thereof, comprising: a formwork arranged corresponding to the formwork support position of the retaining wall; several rows of anchor cables arranged at intervals along the height direction of the formwork, each row of the anchor cables being distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork, one end of the anchor cable being anchored in the slope rock, and the other end extending out of the formwork and being fixed on the formwork, and the formwork being fixed by prestressing and tensioning the anchor cable. This application does not require support by inclined strut steel pipes that are longitudinally continuous along the height of the formwork, reducing the construction cost and making the construction more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction technology, and particularly to a single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of slope retaining walls, it is necessary to use the method of single-sided formwork support to reinforce the formwork, and then pour concrete to form the retaining wall. In the prior art, support steel pipes are usually obliquely arranged outside the formwork, and the support steel pipes are propped between the formwork and the ground, so as to play a role in supporting and fixing the formwork. However, for the construction of retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes, due to the high construction height of the retaining wall, if ultra-long support steel pipes are used for construction, not only the manufacturing cost, transportation and construction cost are relatively high, but also the construction operation is relatively difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the formwork support method using ultra-long support steel pipes for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes in the prior art will result in relatively high manufacturing cost, transportation and construction cost, and relatively difficult construction operation.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes, including:

[0005] A formwork arranged corresponding to the formwork support position of the retaining wall;

[0006] A plurality of rows of anchor cables arranged at intervals along the height direction of the formwork, each row of the anchor cables being distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork, one end of the anchor cable being anchored in the slope rock, and the other end extending out of the formwork and being fixed on the formwork, and the formwork is fixed by prestressing the anchor cable.

[0007] The present invention arranges a plurality of rows of anchor cables at intervals along the height direction of the formwork, one end of the anchor cable is anchored in the slope rock, the other end extends out of the formwork and is fixed on the formwork, and the formwork is tension-fixed by prestressing the anchor cable. The application does not require a long diagonal support steel pipe along the height of the formwork for support, reduces the construction cost, and is more convenient for construction.

[0008] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes of the present invention is that it further includes at least a pair of reinforcing rods with one end installed and fixed on the anchor cable and a sleeve sleeved on the anchor cable;

[0009] One end of the sleeve abuts and is fixed on the slope surface and the other end is penetrated and fixed on the formwork;

[0010] The other end of the reinforcing rod extends out of the sleeve and is fixedly arranged on the formwork after passing through it. Each pair of the reinforcing rods are respectively located above and below the corresponding cable anchor.

[0011] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the super-high and steep slope of the present invention lies in that the reinforcing rods on each row of the cable anchors are distributed in two rows, and the positions of the reinforcing rods on each row are spaced along the length direction of the formwork on the formwork;

[0012] The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a retaining rod fixedly connected to each row of the reinforcing rods and abutted against the outer side of the formwork. The arrangement direction of the retaining rod is consistent with the length direction of the formwork.

[0013] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the super-high and steep slope of the present invention lies in that a through groove penetrating the sleeve is provided on the sleeve from the end of the sleeve close to the slope to the installation position of the reinforcing rod on the sleeve. The arrangement direction of the through groove is consistent with the arrangement direction of the corresponding reinforcing rod, and the reinforcing rod is arranged in the through groove;

[0014] The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a sealing member fixedly arranged on the sleeve and hermetically covering the through groove.

[0015] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the super-high and steep slope of the present invention lies in that it further includes a socket member sleeved and fixedly arranged on the cable anchor;

[0016] One end of the reinforcing rod is fixedly arranged on the socket member.

[0017] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the super-high and steep slope of the present invention lies in that it further includes at least one row of screw rods fixedly arranged on the formwork and located between adjacent two rows of the cable anchors, steel pipes arranged on the upper side and the lower side of each row of the screw rods and located outside the formwork, and buckle members sleeved and arranged on the screw rods and located on the side of the steel pipes far away from the formwork;

[0018] The buckle members are clamped on the steel pipes on the upper side and the lower side of the screw rods, so that the steel pipes are abutted against the formwork, and the screw rods are clamped and fixed between a corresponding pair of the steel pipes;

[0019] By dividing the concrete pouring areas of adjacent two rows of the cable anchors into three pouring layers including a cable anchor layer at the lower row, a screw rod layer between the two rows of the cable anchors, and a cable anchor layer at the upper row, and partially embedding the screw rods in the solidified concrete, the formwork is clamped between the solidified concrete and the steel pipes.

[0020] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes in the present invention lies in that it further includes several rows of diagonal braces obliquely and supportingly connected between the outer side of the formwork and the ground and located at the bottom of the formwork, and each row of the diagonal braces is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork.

[0021] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes in the present invention lies in that it further includes a first mounting seat fixedly installed on the outer side of the formwork corresponding to the installation position of the diagonal braces and a second mounting seat fixedly installed above the ground corresponding to the installation position of the diagonal braces;

[0022] The top end of the diagonal brace is hingedly connected to the first mounting seat through a first hinge shaft and the bottom end is hingedly connected to the second hinge seat through a second hinge shaft.

[0023] A further improvement of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes in the present invention lies in that it further includes a steel mesh fixedly hung on the slope surface and a fine aggregate concrete layer sprayed on the slope surface and embedding the steel mesh.

[0024] The present invention also provides a construction method for the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes as described above, including the following steps:

[0025] Construct the retaining wall section by section from bottom to top. Construct at least two rows of the anchor cables in the first construction section, anchor one end of the anchor cables in the first construction section into the slope rock, tie the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall in the first construction section, set up the formwork of the first construction section, pass the other end of the anchor cables in the first construction section through the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall in the first construction section and extend it outside the formwork and fix it on the formwork of the first construction section, so that each row of the anchor cables is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork, and fix the formwork of the first construction section by prestressingly tensioning the anchor cables, and pour the concrete of the retaining wall in the first construction section;

[0026] Construct the anchor cables, the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall, the formwork and the concrete of the retaining wall in the next construction section, and repeat this step until the construction of the entire retaining wall is completed. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a state diagram of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes in the present invention during the construction of the first construction section.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a state diagram of the single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-steep slopes in the present invention during the construction of the anchor cables in the row above.

[0029] Symbolic description: fine aggregate concrete layer 10, formwork 20, anchor cable 30, socket 31, casing 40, reinforcement rod 50, retaining rod 60, screw rod 70, buckle 71, steel pipe 80, diagonal brace 90. Specific implementation mode

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes and its construction method. On the one hand, the anchor cable 30 is used to support and fix the anchor plate, and on the other hand, the concrete is poured layer by layer. After the pre-buried screw rod 70 is firmly embedded in the concrete, the steel pipe 80 and the buckle 71 are installed on the screw rod 70 to further reinforce the formwork 20. When pouring the concrete above, the stress performance of the formwork 20 can be effectively enhanced, and the formwork 20 reinforcement pressure in the ultra-high crushed stone layer area can be relieved.

[0032] The single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls on ultra-high and steep slopes and its construction method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in this embodiment, a single-sided formwork support structure for a retaining wall on an ultra-high and steep slope includes: a formwork 20 provided corresponding to the formwork position of the retaining wall; a plurality of rows of anchor cables 30 arranged at intervals along the height direction of the formwork 20, and each row of the anchor cables 30 is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork 20. One end of the anchor cable 30 is anchored in the slope rock, and the other end extends outside the formwork 20 and is fixed on the formwork 20. By prestressing the anchor cable 30, the fixation of the formwork 20 is realized.

[0034] In this embodiment, the single-sided formwork support structure of the retaining wall uses one end of the anchor cable 30 to be anchored in the slope rock and the other end to support and suspend the formwork 20, and the anchor cable 30 is prestressed to enhance the stress performance of the anchor cable 30. The construction method of the anchor cable 30 reduces the construction cost and is more convenient for construction.

[0035] See Figure 1 and Figure 2, in a specific embodiment, the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes at least a pair of reinforcing rods 50 with one end fixedly installed on the cable anchor 30 and a sleeve 40 sleeved on the cable anchor 30; one end of the sleeve 40 abuts and is fixed on the slope surface and the other end passes through and is fixed on the formwork 20; the other end of the reinforcing rod 50 extends out of the sleeve 40 and passes through and is fixed on the formwork 20, and each pair of the reinforcing rods 50 are respectively located above and below the corresponding cable anchor 30.

[0036] One end of the reinforcing rod 50 is fixed on the cable anchor 30 and the other end is fixed on the formwork 20, and thus the formwork 20 is further supported and reinforced by the reinforcing member.

[0037] By providing the sleeve 40 to wrap the cable anchor 30, it is avoided that when pouring concrete, the cable anchor 30 is completely buried in the concrete, affecting the mechanical properties of the cable anchor 30.

[0038] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , further, the reinforcing rods 50 on each row of the cable anchors 30 are distributed in two rows and the positions of each row of the reinforcing rods 50 on the formwork 20 are spaced along the length direction of the formwork 20; the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a retaining rod 60 fixedly connected to each row of the reinforcing rods 50 and abutting against the outside of the formwork 20, and the setting direction of the retaining rod 60 is the same as the length direction of the formwork 20.

[0039] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , furthermore, the sleeve 40 is provided with a through groove penetrating the sleeve 40 from the end of the sleeve 40 close to the slope to the installation position of the reinforcing rod 50 on the sleeve 40, and the setting direction of the through groove is the same as the setting direction of the corresponding reinforcing rod 50, and the reinforcing rod 50 is inserted into the through groove; the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a sealing member fixed on the sleeve 40 and hermetically covering the through groove.

[0040] Since the reinforcing rod 50 needs to be installed on the cable anchor 30 first, by opening a through groove on the sleeve 40, when the sleeve 40 is sleeved on the cable anchor 30, the reinforcing rod 50 can be smoothly inserted into the corresponding through groove, thus facilitating the installation of the sleeve 40. After the sleeve 40 is installed, the through groove is sealed by the sealing member to prevent concrete from seeping into the sleeve 40 and affecting the cable anchor 30.

[0041] Preferably, the sealing member is a sealing tape, and the through groove is hermetically covered by winding the sealing tape around the sleeve 40.

[0042] See Figure 1 and Figure 2, in a specific embodiment, it further includes a socket member 31 sleeved and fixed on the cable anchor 30; one end of the reinforcing rod 50 is installed and fixed on the socket member 31.

[0043] Further, the socket member 31 is a U-shaped chuck.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in a specific embodiment, the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes at least one row of screw rods 70 penetrating and fixed on the formwork 20 and located between two adjacent rows of the cable anchors 30, steel pipes 80 installed on the upper and lower sides of each row of the screw rods 70 and located outside the formwork 20, and a buckle member 71 sleeved on the screw rod 70 and located on the side of the steel pipe 80 away from the formwork 20; the buckle member 71 is clamped on the steel pipes 80 on the upper and lower sides of the screw rod 70, so that the steel pipe 80 abuts against the formwork 20, and the screw rod 70 is clamped and fixed between a pair of corresponding steel pipes 80; by dividing the concrete pouring area of two adjacent rows of the cable anchors 30 into three pouring layers including a cable anchor layer in the lower row, a screw rod layer between the two rows of the cable anchors 30, and a cable anchor layer in the upper row, and by partially embedding the screw rod 70 in the solidified concrete, the formwork 20 is clamped between the solidified concrete and the steel pipe 80. One end of the screw rod 70 is embedded in the concrete and the other end is fixed by the steel pipe 80 and the buckle member 71 to realize the reinforcement and support of the formwork 20 and relieve the formwork 20 reinforcement pressure in the area of the ultra-high gravel layer.

[0045] Preferably, the buckle member 71 is a mountain-shaped clamp.

[0046] See Figure 1 , in a specific embodiment, the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a plurality of rows of diagonal braces 90 obliquely supporting and connecting between the outer side surface of the formwork 20 and the ground and located at the bottom of the formwork 20, and each row of the diagonal braces 90 is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork 20.

[0047] Preferably, the diagonal braces 90 are only used at a relatively low height from the ground and are not provided in the upper area, reducing the construction cost and enhancing the reinforcement of the bottom of the formwork 20.

[0048] Further, the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a first mounting seat installed and fixed on the outer side surface of the formwork 20 corresponding to the installation position of the diagonal brace 90 and a second mounting seat installed and fixed above the ground corresponding to the installation position of the diagonal brace 90; the top end of the diagonal brace 90 is hingedly connected to the first mounting seat through a first hinge shaft and the bottom end is hingedly connected to the second hinge seat through a second hinge shaft.

[0049] SeeFigure 1 , Further, the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further includes a steel mesh hung and fixed on the slope surface and a fine aggregate concrete layer 10 sprayed on the slope surface and embedding and fixing the steel mesh, and the slope surface is strengthened by forming the fine aggregate concrete layer 10.

[0050] Preferably, a plurality of rows of soil nails are driven at intervals along the height direction of the slope surface, and the steel mesh is fixed on the soil nails.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the other end of the anchor cable 30 is sleeved and installed with an anchor fitting, and the anchor fitting abuts against the outer side surface of the formwork 20.

[0052] Preferably, the casing 40 is a PVC pipe.

[0053] The construction process of the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope of the present invention will be described below.

[0054] The steel mesh is hung on the slope surface by using soil nails, and fine aggregate concrete is sprayed on the slope surface to embed and fix the steel mesh so as to strengthen the slope surface.

[0055] In this embodiment, the retaining wall is constructed section by section from bottom to top in a segmented formwork method, and the concrete of each construction section is poured layer by layer from bottom to top in a layered pouring method. At least two rows of the anchor cables 30 are fixed to the formwork 20 of each construction section.

[0056] When pouring the area between two adjacent rows of the anchor cables 30, the anchor cable 30 in the lower row is constructed, and the concrete of the lower row of anchor cable layer is poured. After the concrete of the lower row of anchor cable layer reaches the preset strength, at least one row of screw rods 70 is penetrated and fixed at the formwork 20 above the lower row of anchor cable layer, the concrete of the screw rod layer is poured and the screw rods 70 are embedded. After the concrete of the screw rod layer reaches the preset strength, steel pipes 80 are installed on the upper side and the lower side of each row of screw rods 70 on the outer side of the formwork 20, and fixing buckle pieces 71 are installed on the screw rods 70, and the buckle pieces 71 are clamped on the steel pipes 80 on the upper side and the lower side of the screw rods 70 so that the steel pipes 80 are tightly abutted against the formwork 20, the anchor cable 30 in the upper row is constructed, and the concrete of the upper row of anchor cable layer is poured.

[0057] The present invention also provides a construction method for the single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope as described above, including the following steps:

[0058] Construct the retaining wall section by section from bottom to top. For at least two rows of the anchor cables 30 in the first construction section, anchor one end of the anchor cables 30 in the first construction section into the slope rock, tie the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall in the first construction section, set up the formwork 20 in the first construction section, pass the other end of the anchor cables 30 in the first construction section through the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall in the first construction section and extend it outside the formwork 20 and fix it on the formwork 20 in the first construction section, so that each row of the anchor cables 30 is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork 20, and fix the formwork 20 in the first construction section by prestressing and tensioning the anchor cables 30, and pour the retaining wall concrete in the first construction section;

[0059] Construct the anchor cables 30, the reinforcing bars of the retaining wall, the formwork 20 and the retaining wall concrete in the next construction section, and repeat this step until the construction of the entire retaining wall is completed.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, when setting up the formwork 20, install and fix one end of at least a pair of reinforcing rods 50 on the anchor cables 30, sleave the sleeve 40 on the anchor cables 30, so that the other end of the reinforcing rods 50 extends outside the sleeve 40 and is inserted and fixed on the formwork 20, and make each pair of the reinforcing rods 50 be respectively located above and below the corresponding anchor cables 30, and abut and fix one end of the sleeve 40 on the slope surface and insert and fix the other end on the formwork 20.

[0061] Further, the reinforcing rods 50 on each row of the anchor cables 30 are distributed in two rows and the positions of each row of the reinforcing rods 50 on the formwork 20 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork 20;

[0062] After installing the reinforcing rods 50, fixedly connect the blocking rods 60 to each row of the reinforcing rods 50 and abut against the outside of the formwork 20, so that the setting direction of the blocking rods 60 is consistent with the length direction of the formwork 20.

[0063] Furthermore, from the end of the sleeve 40 close to the slope to the installation position of the reinforcing rods 50 on the sleeve 40, the sleeve 40 is provided with a through groove penetrating the sleeve 40, and the setting direction of the through groove is consistent with the setting direction of the corresponding reinforcing rods 50;

[0064] When sleaving the sleeve 40 on the anchor cables 30, pass the reinforcing rods 50 through the corresponding through grooves, and fix them on the sleeve 40 by using a sealing member and sealingly cover the through grooves.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, when installing the reinforcing rods 50, sleave and fix the socket part 31 on the anchor cables 30, and install and fix one end of the reinforcing rods 50 on the socket part 31.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the retaining wall is constructed section by section from bottom to top by using a segmented formwork method. For each construction section, concrete is poured layer by layer from bottom to top by using a layered pouring method. At least two rows of the cable bolts 30 are fixed to the formwork 20 of each construction section.

[0067] When pouring the areas of two adjacent rows of the cable bolts 30, the cable bolts 30 in the lower row are constructed, and the concrete of the cable bolt layer in the lower row is poured. After the concrete of the cable bolt layer in the lower row reaches the preset strength, at least one row of screw rods 70 is inserted and fixed at the formwork 20 above the cable bolt layer in the lower row. The concrete of the screw rod layer is poured and the screw rods 70 are embedded. After the concrete of the screw rod layer reaches the preset strength, steel pipes 80 are installed on the upper side and the lower side of each row of the screw rods 70 outside the formwork 20, and fixing buckle pieces 71 are installed on the screw rods 70. The buckle pieces 71 are clamped on the steel pipes 80 on the upper side and the lower side of the screw rods 70 so that the steel pipes 80 are pressed against the formwork 20. Then the cable bolts 30 in the upper row are constructed, and the concrete of the cable bolt layer in the upper row is poured.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, when constructing the formwork 20, a plurality of rows of diagonal braces 90 are obliquely supported and connected between the outer side surface of the formwork 20 and the ground corresponding to the bottom of the formwork 20, so that each row of the diagonal braces 90 is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the formwork 20.

[0069] Furthermore, the first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the formwork 20 corresponding to the setting position of the diagonal brace 90, and the second mounting seat is fixedly installed above the ground corresponding to the setting position of the diagonal brace 90.

[0070] The top end of the diagonal brace 90 is hinged to the first mounting seat through a first hinge shaft and the bottom end is hinged to the second hinge seat through a second hinge shaft.

[0071] Furthermore, before constructing the cable bolts 30, a steel mesh is hung and fixed on the entire slope surface, and fine aggregate concrete is sprayed on the slope surface to form a fine aggregate concrete layer 10 and embed the steel mesh.

[0072] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have a substantial technical meaning. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

Claims

1. A formwork support structure for a retaining wall on one side of an ultra-steep slope, characterized in that, Comprising: A formwork provided at the formwork position corresponding to the retaining wall; A plurality of rows of anchor cables spaced along the height direction of the formwork, each row of the anchor cables being spaced along the length direction of the formwork, one end of the anchor cable being anchored in the slope rock and the other end extending outside the formwork and being fixed to the formwork, and the formwork being fixed by prestressing the anchor cable; Further comprising at least a pair of reinforcing rods with one end mounted and fixed on the anchor cable and a sleeve sleeved on the anchor cable; One end of the sleeve abuts and is fixed on the slope surface and the other end is penetrated and fixed on the formwork; The other end of the reinforcing rod extends outside the sleeve and is penetrated and fixed on the formwork, and each pair of the reinforcing rods are respectively located above and below the corresponding anchor cable; A through groove penetrating the sleeve is provided on the sleeve from the end of the sleeve close to the slope to the installation position of the reinforcing rod on the sleeve, and the setting direction of the through groove is the same as the setting direction of the corresponding reinforcing rod, and the reinforcing rod is penetrated in the through groove; The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further comprises a seal fixed on the sleeve and hermetically covering the through groove.

2. The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing rods on each row of the anchor cables are distributed in two rows and the positions of each row of the reinforcing rods on the formwork are spaced along the length direction of the formwork; The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall further comprises a retaining rod fixedly connected to each row of the reinforcing rods and abutting against the outside of the formwork, and the setting direction of the retaining rod is the same as the length direction of the formwork.

3. The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a socket piece sleeved and fixed on the anchor cable; One end of the reinforcing rod is mounted and fixed on the socket piece.

4. The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising at least one row of screw rods penetrating and fixed on the formwork and located between adjacent two rows of the anchor cables, steel pipes mounted on the upper side and the lower side of each row of the screw rods and located outside the formwork, and buckle pieces sleeved and installed on the screw rods and located on the side of the steel pipes away from the formwork; The buckle pieces are clamped on the steel pipes located on the upper side and the lower side of the screw rods, so that the steel pipes are pressed against the formwork, and the screw rods are clamped and fixed between a corresponding pair of the steel pipes; By dividing the concrete pouring areas of adjacent two rows of the anchor cables into three pouring layers including an anchor cable layer in the lower row, a screw rod layer between the two rows of the anchor cables and an anchor cable layer in the upper row, and partially embedding the screw rods in the solidified concrete, the formwork is clamped between the solidified concrete and the steel pipes.

5. The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope as described in claim 1 is characterized in that, Further comprising a plurality of rows of diagonal braces obliquely supporting and connecting between the outer side surface of the formwork and the ground and located at the bottom of the formwork, and each row of the diagonal braces is spaced along the length direction of the formwork.

6. The single-sided formwork support structure for retaining walls of ultra-high and steep slopes as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Further comprising a first mounting seat mounted and fixed on the outer side surface of the formwork corresponding to the setting position of the diagonal braces and a second mounting seat mounted and fixed above the ground corresponding to the setting position of the diagonal braces; The top end of the diagonal brace is hingedly connected to the first mounting seat through a first hinge shaft and the bottom end is hingedly connected to the second mounting seat through a second hinge shaft.

7. The single-sided formwork structure of the retaining wall for the ultra-high and steep slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a steel mesh fixedly hung and installed on the slope surface and a fine aggregate concrete layer sprayed on the slope surface and embedding and fixing the steel mesh.

8. A construction method for a single-sided formwork support structure of a retaining wall for an ultra-high and steep slope as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method includes the following steps: Construct the retaining wall section by section from bottom to top. Construct at least two rows of the anchor cables for the first construction section, anchor one end of the anchor cables for the first construction section into the slope rock, tie the reinforcing bars for the retaining wall of the first construction section, set up the formwork for the first construction section, pass the other end of the anchor cables for the first construction section through the reinforcing bars for the retaining wall of the first construction section and extend outside the formwork and fix it on the formwork for the first construction section, so that each row of the anchor cables is spaced apart along the length direction of the formwork, tension the anchor cables by prestress to fix the formwork for the first construction section, and pour the concrete for the retaining wall of the first construction section; Construct the anchor cables, the reinforcing bars for the retaining wall, the formwork and the concrete for the retaining wall of the next construction section, and repeat this step until the construction of the entire retaining wall is completed.

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