Thin-wall skin welding deformation control device and preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for controlling deformation in welding of thin-walled skin and a method for preparing the same. The device comprises: an inner tube, a ring, a positioning device, a positioning baffle, a first cooling water inlet, a second cooling water inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a second cooling water outlet, a base plate, a backing groove, a vent, a pressure block, a bottom plate, and a clamping hole. The inner tube is fixed to the base plate, and a backing groove is provided at the position where the weld seam of the workpiece is aligned; the backing groove vent is connected to a shielding gas through the bottom end of the inner tube; cooling water is introduced into the inner tube through two cooling water inlets and discharged from two cooling water outlets; one side of the positioning device is fixed to the base plate, and the other side is connected to the positioning baffle. During assembly, the positioning baffle is placed in the groove of the inner tube; the ring is located at the bottom of the inner tube, and a gap is left between the ring and the inner tube to position the workpiece to be welded; a clamping hole is provided at the bottom of the device for connection to a positioner. The present invention can improve the automation coverage of the welding process, effectively control welding deformation, and enhance production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of equipment manufacturing, in particular to a thin-wall skin welding deformation control device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Controlling deformation in thin plate welding is a common process problem in the manufacturing industry. The welding process uses a highly concentrated instantaneous local heat source to heat the workpiece. The heating and cooling processes are extremely uneven, thus forming a complex stress-strain field.

[0003] Existing technical solutions generally control the deformation of thin plates from the following aspects:

[0004] 1. In terms of design, the structure of the parts should be designed reasonably to design the welds in places where the flatness requirements are not high and can be controlled; reinforcing ribs should be designed for parts that are difficult to clamp and prone to deformation to resist deformation.

[0005] 2. In terms of technology, try to use resistance spot welding or brazing instead of seam welding; use MIG welding or manual welding instead of TIG welding; use certain welding specifications to compensate for the angle and size according to the deformation obtained by actual simulated welding; use rigid fixation to prevent welding deformation; install a cooling system to reduce heat concentration; after welding, use a wooden hammer, rubber hammer or copper rod to perform shaping and correction on the workpiece to achieve the ideal surface.

[0006] However, in the actual production process, the problem of welding deformation is quite complicated. At the same time, production units have high requirements for production efficiency and surface quality. A single means of controlling deformation usually cannot meet production needs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a thin-walled skin welding deformation control device and a preparation method.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thin-walled skin welding deformation control device, the device comprising: an inner tube, a ring, a positioning device, a positioning baffle, a first cooling water inlet, a second cooling water inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a second cooling water outlet, a base plate, a backing groove, a vent, a pressure block, a bottom plate and a clamping hole, wherein:

[0010] The inner tube is fixed on the base plate and has the same shape as the inner surface of the workpiece to be welded. The back of the inner tube is provided with the backing groove at the position where the weld seam of the workpiece is affixed. The backing groove is provided with the vent hole, and the vent hole is connected to the protective gas through the bottom end of the inner tube.

[0011] The left and right sides of the inner tube are hollow structures, and cooling water can be introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet;

[0012] One side of the positioning device is fixed on the base plate, and the other side is connected to the positioning baffle. During assembly, the positioning baffle is placed in the groove of the inner tube;

[0013] The ring is located at the bottom of the inner tube, and a gap is left between the ring and the inner tube to position the workpiece to be welded;

[0014] The clamping hole is provided below the device for connection with the positioner.

[0015] Optionally, the device further includes: four connecting rods, and the second push rod is connected to the ring through the four connecting rods.

[0016] Optionally, the device further comprises: a first pressing device and a second pressing device, wherein the first pressing device and the second pressing device are fixed on the base plate and are located on both sides of the inner tube.

[0017] Optionally, the device also includes: a first pressing block and a second pressing block, the first pressing block corresponds to the first clamping device, the second pressing block corresponds to the second clamping device, and the shapes of the first pressing block and the second pressing block are consistent with the workpiece to be welded and the inner tube, so as to respectively press the first clamping device and the second clamping device to clamp the workpiece to be welded.

[0018] Optionally, the device also includes: a first cylinder controller and a second cylinder controller, the first cylinder controller and the second cylinder controller are arranged on the substrate; the first clamping device and the second clamping device are respectively controlled by the first cylinder controller and the second cylinder controller in their pressing and contraction actions.

[0019] Optionally, the device further comprises: a first pushing cylinder and a second pushing cylinder, wherein the second pushing cylinder is fixed to the bottom plate and connected to the ring, and the pushing and retracting actions of the second pushing cylinder are controlled by the first pushing cylinder.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a thin-walled skin workpiece, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned devices, and the method includes:

[0021] Place one side of the workpiece to be welded against the outer surface of the inner tube, and insert the lower part into the gap between the ring and the inner tube;

[0022] Rotating the positioning device to allow the positioning baffle to be embedded in the groove of the inner tube, and then placing the workpiece close to the positioning baffle;

[0023] Rotate the first cylinder controller to enable the first pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded;

[0024] Rotate the positioning device to assemble the other side of the workpiece to be welded, and simultaneously place the workpiece to be welded close to the inner tube and align it with the assembled part of the workpiece;

[0025] Rotate the second cylinder controller to enable the second pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded;

[0026] Cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet, so as to keep the inner tube at a low temperature and control welding deformation;

[0027] After welding is completed, the lifting cylinder is rotated to lift up the ring and the deformed workpiece together to remove the deformed workpiece.

[0028] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are as follows: the control equipment provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a conformable inner tube and a clamping device, which can realize deformation control of the workpiece during the welding process. At the same time, the conformable inner tube has a water cooling function, which can further reduce stress concentration and welding deformation; the process equipment has a positioning device, which can realize precise assembly of the workpiece; the process equipment has a back gas protection function, which can protect the active metal during welding to prevent oxidation; the process equipment has a quick loading and unloading function, which can effectively improve work efficiency; this process equipment has a rigid fixing and water cooling device, which can effectively control welding deformation and reduce post-weld correction. It is particularly suitable for thin-walled welding structures such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel and high-temperature alloy. Using this process equipment, deformation control of thin-walled metal welded parts and anti-oxidation protection of welds can be effectively achieved. This process equipment has an efficient and simple structure, high workpiece assembly accuracy, and can be adapted to welding equipment, effectively improving the automation coverage of the welding process, effectively controlling welding deformation, and improving overall production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled skin welding deformation control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cooling water inlet and outlet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a positioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A flowchart of the steps of a method for preparing a thin-walled skin workpiece provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Thin-walled welded structural components made of lightweight metals such as titanium and aluminum alloys, which offer high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and excellent weldability, are widely used in the manufacturing industry. A notable characteristic of the welding process is the use of highly concentrated, instantaneous, localized heat input. The heating and cooling processes are extremely uneven and far from equilibrium, involving complex metallurgical, physical, and chemical reactions and heat treatment processes, resulting in complex transient temperature-induced stress and strain fields. Because structural dimensions are the foundation of high-precision assembly, for thin-walled structures, weld deformation decreases with increasing weld constraint and load during welding. Therefore, appropriate fixtures should be used to secure the workpiece.

[0034] Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention has a rigid fixing and water cooling device, which can effectively control welding deformation and reduce post-weld shape correction. It is particularly suitable for thin-walled welding structures such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel and high-temperature alloy.

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled skin welding deformation control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thin-walled skin welding deformation control device may include: an inner tube 1, a ring 2, a positioning device 3, a positioning baffle 4, a first cylinder controller 5, a first pressing device 6, a second cylinder controller 7, a second pressing device 8, a first cooling water inlet 9, a second cooling water inlet 10, a first cooling water outlet 11, a second cooling water outlet 12, a top cylinder 13, a base plate 14, a backing groove 15, a vent 16, a pressure block 17, a bottom plate 18, a connecting rod 19, a top cylinder 20 and a clamping hole 21, wherein,

[0038] The inner tube 1 can be fixed on the base plate 14 and has the same shape as the inner surface of the workpiece to be welded. A backing groove 15 is provided on the back side where the weld seam of the workpiece is in contact.

[0039] A vent hole 16 is provided on the backing groove 15, and the vent hole 16 can be connected to the bottom end of the inner tube 1 to provide external protection gas, which can be used to protect the back when welding easily oxidized metals such as titanium alloy and steel.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the left and right sides of the inner tube 1 are hollow structures, and cooling water can be introduced through the first cooling water inlet 9 and the second cooling water inlet 10, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet 11 and the second cooling water outlet 12 to achieve a water cooling effect.

[0041] like Figure 3As shown, one side of the positioning device 3 can be fixed on the base plate 14, and the other side is connected to the positioning baffle 4, which can realize 180° rotation within the symmetry plane. During assembly, the positioning baffle 4 can be placed in the groove of the inner tube 1 to achieve precise assembly of the workpiece weld.

[0042] The first clamping device 6 and the second clamping device 8 can be fixed on the base plate 14. The first clamping device 6 and the second clamping device 8 can be located on both sides of the inner tube 1. The first clamping device 6 and the second clamping device 8 are respectively equipped with a pressure block 17 (i.e., the first pressure block and the second pressure block). The shape of the pressure block 17 is consistent with the workpiece and the inner tube 1. After clamping, it can cooperate with the inner tube 1 to clamp the workpiece to achieve the positioning and assembly of the workpiece. The first clamping device 6 and the second clamping device 8 are respectively controlled by the first cylinder controller 5 and the second cylinder controller 7 in their tightening and contraction actions.

[0043] The ring 2 can be a step-shaped ring located at the bottom of the inner tube 1. A gap is left between the ring 2 and the inner tube 1 due to the presence of the step, and the positioning of the workpiece to be welded can be achieved by utilizing this gap.

[0044] The second top cylinder 20 can be fixed on the bottom plate 18 and connected to the ring 2 through four connecting rods 19. The second top cylinder 20 is controlled by the first top cylinder 13 to control its ejection and retraction actions. It can eject the workpiece after welding to facilitate disassembly.

[0045] A clamping hole 21 is provided below the process equipment to enable fixation and connection with the positioner.

[0046] When using this process equipment, one side of the workpiece to be welded is pressed against the outer surface of the inner tube 1, and the ring 2 is inserted into the gap between the inner tube 1 and the inner tube 1. At the same time, the positioning device 3 is rotated so that the positioning baffle 4 is embedded in the groove of the inner tube 1, and then the workpiece is pressed against the positioning baffle 4. Subsequently, the first cylinder controller 5 is rotated so that the first clamping device 6 presses the workpiece. At this point, the assembly of one side of the workpiece is completed. Subsequently, the positioning device 3 is rotated to assemble the other side of the workpiece. While pressing the workpiece against the inner tube 1, it is aligned with the assembled part of the workpiece. The second cylinder controller 7 is rotated so that the second clamping device 8 presses the workpiece. At this point, the assembly of the workpiece is completed. After assembly is completed, cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet 9 and the second cooling water inlet 10, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet 11 and the second cooling water outlet 12. The cooling water keeps the inner tube 1 at a low temperature to control welding deformation. After welding is completed, the first lifting cylinder 13 is rotated to lift the ring 2 and the workpiece together to facilitate the removal of the workpiece. The present invention can effectively control the welding deformation of thin-walled skin structures.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Reference Figure 4, shows a flowchart of the steps of a method for preparing a thin-walled skin workpiece provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to the thin-walled skin welding deformation control device in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method for preparing the thin-walled skin workpiece may include the following steps:

[0049] Step 401: Place one side of the workpiece to be welded against the outer surface of the inner tube, and insert the ring from below into the gap between the ring and the inner tube.

[0050] In this embodiment, when using the thin-walled skin welding deformation control device in the first embodiment, one side of the workpiece to be welded can be pressed against the outer surface of the inner tube, and the lower side can be inserted into the gap between the ring and the inner tube.

[0051] Step 402: Rotate the positioning device so that the positioning baffle is embedded in the groove of the inner tube, and then press the workpiece against the positioning baffle.

[0052] Then, the positioning device can be rotated to embed the positioning baffle into the groove of the inner tube, and then the workpiece is pressed against the positioning baffle.

[0053] Step 403: Rotate the first cylinder controller to enable the first pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded.

[0054] Afterwards, the first cylinder controller can be rotated to enable the first pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded, and the assembly of one side of the workpiece is completed.

[0055] Step 404: Rotate the positioning device to assemble the other side of the workpiece to be welded, and place the workpiece to be welded against the inner tube while aligning it with the assembled part of the workpiece.

[0056] After completing the assembly of one side of the workpiece, the positioning device can be rotated to assemble the other side of the workpiece to be welded, and the workpiece to be welded is pressed against the inner tube while being aligned with the assembled part of the workpiece.

[0057] Step 405: Rotate the second cylinder controller to enable the second pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded.

[0058] Then, the second cylinder controller can be rotated to make the second pressing device press the workpiece to be welded, and the assembly of the workpiece is completed.

[0059] Step 406: Cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet to keep the inner tube at a lower temperature and control welding deformation.

[0060] After the workpieces are assembled, cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet to keep the inner tube at a lower temperature and control welding deformation.

[0061] Step 407: After welding is completed, the lifting cylinder is rotated to lift up the ring and the deformed workpiece together to remove the deformed workpiece.

[0062] After welding is completed, the lifting cylinder can be rotated to lift up the ring and the deformed workpiece together to remove the deformed workpiece.

[0063] Next, combine Figure 1 The following three examples describe in detail the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] In this embodiment, the workpiece to be welded is a hot-pressed aluminum alloy skin with an oblique cone section (length 200mm) + a cylindrical section (length 90mm), the material grade is 5A06, and the thickness is 0.8mm. The inner tube 1 used in the process equipment is a conformable inner tube, the cooling water flow rate is 0.5-1L / min, and the assembly clearance is 0-0.5mm. First, one side of the workpiece to be welded is pressed against the outer surface of the inner tube 1, and the gap between the ring 2 and the inner tube 1 is inserted below. The positioning device 3 is rotated so that the positioning baffle 4 is embedded in the groove of the inner tube 1, and then the workpiece is pressed against the positioning baffle 4. The first cylinder controller 5 is rotated so that the first clamping device 6 clamps the workpiece. Subsequently, the other side of the workpiece is pressed against the inner tube 1 and aligned with the assembled part of the workpiece. The second cylinder controller 7 is rotated so that the second clamping device 8 clamps the workpiece. After completing the assembly, cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet 9 and the second cooling water inlet 10, and is exported from the first cooling water outlet 11 and the second cooling water outlet 12. After the cooling water is turned on, welding is carried out. After the welding is completed, the cooling water is turned off and the top cylinder 13 is rotated to lift the ring 2 and the workpiece together. At this point, all the processes are completed.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] In this embodiment, the workpiece to be welded is a hot-pressed titanium alloy skin with a conical shape, a cone angle of 30°, an axial length of 300mm, a material grade of TC1, and a thickness of 1mm. The inner tube 1 used in the process equipment is a conformable inner tube, the cooling water flow rate is 0.8-1.5L / min, and the assembly gap is 0-0.3mm. The assembly method of the workpiece to be welded is the same as that in Example 1. Since titanium alloy is easily oxidized at high temperatures, protective gas is connected to the vent 16 of the backing groove 15 during welding to protect the back of the weld, and the gas flow rate is 5-10L / min. After welding is completed, the protective gas is continuously supplied for more than 10s, the cooling water is turned off, and the top cylinder 13 is rotated to lift the ring 2 and the workpiece together. At this point, all processes are completed.

[0068] Example 3:

[0069] In this embodiment, the workpiece to be welded is a stainless steel hot-pressed skin with a conical shape, a cone angle of 35°, an axial length of 500mm, a material grade of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and a thickness of 1.5mm. The inner tube 1 used in the process equipment is a conformable inner tube, the cooling water flow rate is 1.5-2.5L / min, and the assembly clearance is 0-0.5mm. As the length of the workpiece to be welded increases, the fixed brackets of the first clamping device 6 and the second clamping device 8 are adjusted so that the clamping positions of the two clamping devices are located in the middle of the workpiece, which can achieve good clamping of the workpiece. The assembly method of the workpiece to be welded is the same as in Example 1, and the gas protection method is the same as in Example 2, with a gas flow rate of 2-6L / min. After welding is completed, the protective gas is continuously supplied for more than 5s, the cooling water is turned off, and the top cylinder 13 is rotated to lift the ring 2 and the workpiece together. At this point, all processes are completed.

[0070] The specific embodiments described in this application can help those skilled in the art to more fully understand this application, but do not limit this application in any way. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that this application can still be modified or replaced by equivalents; and all technical solutions and improvements that do not deviate from the spirit and technical essence of this application should be included in the scope of protection of the patent application.

[0071] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A thin-walled skin welding deformation control device, characterized in that: The device includes: an inner tube, a ring, a positioning device, a positioning baffle, a first cooling water inlet, a second cooling water inlet, a first cooling water outlet, a second cooling water outlet, a base plate, a backing groove, a vent, a pressing block, a bottom plate, a clamping hole, a first pressing device, a second pressing device, a first pressing block and a second pressing block, wherein: The inner tube is fixed on the base plate and has the same shape as the inner surface of the workpiece to be welded. The back of the inner tube is provided with the backing groove at the position where the inner tube is in contact with the weld of the workpiece. The backing groove is provided with the vent hole, and the vent hole is connected to the shielding gas through the bottom end of the inner tube. The left and right sides of the inner tube are hollow structures, and cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet; One side of the positioning device is fixed on the base plate, and the other side is connected to the positioning baffle. During assembly, the positioning baffle is placed in the backing groove of the inner tube, and the workpiece is pressed against the positioning baffle. The ring is located at the bottom of the inner tube, and a gap is left between the ring and the inner tube to position the workpiece to be welded; The clamping hole is provided below the device to connect with the positioner; The first pressing device and the second pressing device are fixed on the base plate and are located on both sides of the inner tube; The first pressing block corresponds to the first pressing device, the second pressing block corresponds to the second pressing device, and the shapes of the first pressing block and the second pressing block are consistent with the workpiece to be welded and the inner tube.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes: a first cylinder controller and a second cylinder controller, the first cylinder controller and the second cylinder controller are arranged on the base plate; the first pressing device and the second pressing device are respectively controlled by the first cylinder controller and the second cylinder controller in their pressing and contraction actions.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further comprises: a first pushing cylinder and a second pushing cylinder, wherein the second pushing cylinder is fixed on the bottom plate and connected to the ring, and the pushing out and retraction actions of the second pushing cylinder are controlled by the first pushing cylinder.

4. A method for preparing a thin-walled skin workpiece, applied to the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises: Place one side of the workpiece to be welded against the outer surface of the inner tube, and insert the lower part into the gap between the ring and the inner tube; Rotating the positioning device to allow the positioning baffle to be embedded in the groove of the inner tube, and then placing the workpiece close to the positioning baffle; Rotate the first cylinder controller to enable the first pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded; Rotate the positioning device to assemble the other side of the workpiece to be welded, and simultaneously place the workpiece to be welded close to the inner tube and align it with the assembled part of the workpiece; Rotate the second cylinder controller to enable the second pressing device to press the workpiece to be welded; Cooling water is introduced through the first cooling water inlet and the second cooling water inlet, and discharged from the first cooling water outlet and the second cooling water outlet, so as to keep the inner tube at a low temperature and control welding deformation; After welding is completed, the lifting cylinder is rotated to lift up the ring and the deformed workpiece together to remove the deformed workpiece.

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