Dual mass flywheel with step-damping characteristics and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a double-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of flywheels. The flywheel comprises a driving disc, a spring mounting groove is arranged on the driving disc, a damping spring is arranged in the spring mounting groove, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the driving disc, a damping washer is rotatably arranged on the driving disc, a plurality of bosses are arranged on the damping washer in an axial direction, a disc spring is arranged between the damping washer and the pressing plate, a flange plate is rotatably arranged in the driving disc, a groove is arranged on the flange plate, the bosses are embedded in the groove, an edge of the flange plate is provided with a pushing block, the pushing block is used for pushing the damping spring, a cover plate is arranged on the driving disc, the cover plate and the spring mounting groove are used for encapsulating the damping spring, a driven disc is fixedly connected to the flange plate, a damping ring is arranged in abutment against the cover plate and is rotatable relative to the cover plate, a sheet spring is fixedly connected to the driven disc in an inner side, an outer side of the sheet spring is in abutment against the damping ring, and the sheet spring is used for pressing the damping ring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The dual-mass flywheel has two important functions in the use of the automobile transmission system, namely good damping effect and sufficient torque transmission capacity. The transmission system reduces the vibration and noise of the automobile engine through the dual-mass flywheel, and the dual-mass flywheel simultaneously transmits the torque of the engine to the gearbox.

[0003] The traditional dual-mass flywheel mainly relies on the built-in damping spring and the friction damping between the two-stage flywheels to eliminate vibration and noise. The basic friction damping of the dual-mass flywheel is relatively small and fixed. During the starting or shutdown stage of the automobile, the engine speed fluctuates greatly. Only the original fixed damping cannot achieve good damping effect. The theory and experiments prove that increasing the damping has a better effect on reducing vibration and noise. However, if only the basic friction damping of the dual-mass flywheel is increased, the sensitivity of the flywheel during normal driving of the automobile may be reduced, and the vibration isolation performance of the spring may be affected. Therefore, different sizes of damping need to be designed under different driving conditions of the automobile. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics, which can adjust the size of the damping according to the working state of the engine, optimize the torsional vibration of the powertrain, prevent resonance, and have a better effect on reducing automobile vibration and noise.

[0005] The present application also proposes a use method of the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present application, a dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics comprises: a driving disc provided with spring mounting grooves extending along the circumference of the driving disc, and damping springs accommodated in the spring mounting grooves; a pressing plate fixedly connected to the driving disc; a damping washer rotatably arranged on the driving disc, and provided with a plurality of axially protruding bosses uniformly distributed around the circumference of the damping washer; a disc spring arranged between the damping washer and the pressing plate, with one end abutting against the pressing plate and the other end abutting against the damping washer; a flange disc rotatably arranged in the driving disc, and provided with grooves corresponding to the bosses, the bosses being embedded in the grooves, and the circumferential length of the grooves being greater than that of the bosses; the flange disc is provided with a knob at the edge thereof, the knob has a knob spacing with the end of the damping spring, and the knob is used to move the damping spring; a cover plate arranged on the driving disc, and the cover plate and the spring mounting grooves encapsulate the damping spring; a driven disc fixedly connected to the flange disc; a damping ring abutting against the cover plate and rotatable relative to the cover plate; and a sheet spring fixedly connected to the driven disc at the inner side thereof, and abutting against the damping ring at the outer side thereof, and used to press the damping ring.

[0007] According to the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics, at least the following advantages are achieved: during the operation of the automobile, the engine drives the driving disc to rotate, and the driving disc drives the driven disc to rotate; since the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the driving disc, and the disc spring and the damping washer have a pressure therebetween, the pressing plate, the disc spring and the damping washer rotate together with the driving disc; when the driving disc and the driven disc are relatively twisted, the flange disc is also twisted with the driving disc, and since the flange disc is fixedly connected to the driven disc, the damping ring pressed by the sheet spring rotates on the cover plate, thereby forming the basic frictional damping of the flange disc rotation; when the flange disc rotates to a certain angle, the side surface of the groove contacts the side surface of the boss, and the flange disc drives the damping washer to relatively twist with the driving disc, i.e., an additional damping torque is generated when the driving disc and the driven disc are relatively twisted, thereby realizing the step change of the damping, adjusting the size of the damping according to the working state of the engine, further attenuating the vibration amplitude of the automobile engine in the resonance working condition such as starting or torque mutation, and further improving the smoothness of the automobile and prolonging the service life of the parts in the automobile transmission system.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, a pressing sheet is further arranged, the pressing sheet is arranged in a ring shape, the pressing sheet is arranged between the damping washer and the other end of the disc spring, the pressing sheet and the driving disc are coaxially arranged, a clamping block is arranged on the pressing sheet, a clamping groove is arranged on the pressing plate, the clamping block is clamped into the clamping groove, the other end of the disc spring is pressed against the damping washer through the pressing sheet, the pressing sheet plays a pressing role and can provide damping friction for the damping washer, and the pressure of the other end of the disc spring on the damping washer can be dispersed, so that the pressure of the other end of the disc spring on the damping washer is more uniform.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressing plate is provided with a flange, one end of the disc spring abuts against the flange, and the other end of the disc spring abuts against the pressing sheet, the flange plays a role of limiting the deformation degree of the disc spring, the axial height of the flange reflects the deformation degree of the disc spring, but the axial distance between the flange and the pressing sheet is less than the axial height of the disc spring in a free state, so that the disc spring can be deformed between the flange and the pressing sheet to generate an elastic pressure to press the pressing sheet, and the disc spring also plays a role of dynamic pressing, that is, the pressing sheet is kept close to the damping washer.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressing plate is arranged in a ring shape, and the pressing plate is coaxially arranged with the driving disc, so that the ring-shaped pressing plate is convenient to install and use.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, a bottom plate and a connecting ring are further arranged, the bottom plate is connected to the driving disc, the bottom plate is coaxially arranged with the driving disc, one end of the connecting ring is sleeved on the bottom plate, and the other end of the connecting ring is rotatably connected to the flange plate, so that the bottom plate and the connecting ring are convenient to install the flange plate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of spring mounting grooves are arranged, and the push blocks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the spring mounting grooves, so that a plurality of damping springs can be placed.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the driven disc comprises a connecting portion and an extending portion, the extending portion is fixedly connected to the connecting portion, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the flange plate, and the connecting portion, the extending portion and the driving disc are coaxially arranged, so that the connecting portion and the extending portion are convenient to manufacture and install the driven disc.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting part is provided with an external connecting hole, and a tooth-shaped anti-skid structure is arranged in the external connecting hole, the external connecting hole is convenient for mounting the output shaft, and the tooth-shaped anti-skid structure can avoid rotation of the output shaft in the external connecting hole.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, an external toothed hub is sleeved on the driving disc, and the external toothed hub is used for connecting the starting motor.

[0016] According to the method for using the double-mass flywheel with the step-damping characteristic according to the second aspect of the present application, the following steps are included:

[0017] A first frictional damping is obtained by rotating the driving disc, the driving disc drives the cover plate to rotate synchronously, the cover plate drives the flange plate to rotate through the damping ring and the leaf spring, the flange plate is integrated with the driven disc, so that the driven disc finally rotates synchronously with the driving disc, when the torque is too large and exceeds the frictional force of the damping ring on the cover plate, relative rotation occurs between the driving disc and the driven disc, the damping ring and the cover plate are in friction to form the first frictional damping, the first frictional damping can consume vibration energy, and the first frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the leaf spring;

[0018] A second frictional damping is obtained by continuing to rotate the flange plate, the boss on the damping washer slides in the groove of the flange plate until the boss is in contact with the circumferential end of the groove, at this time, because the flange plate continues to rotate, the damping washer is driven to rotate by the flange plate, the damping washer and the driving disc are in friction to form the second frictional damping, the first frictional damping is generated with higher priority than the second frictional damping, because the disc spring is arranged between the damping washer and the pressing plate, so that the second frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the disc spring;

[0019] Damping is achieved by adjusting the size of the damping according to the working state of the driving disc, when the angular acceleration of the driving disc is less than a preset value, the first frictional damping is used to achieve damping, when the angular acceleration of the driving disc is greater than or equal to the preset value, the second frictional damping is started, and damping is achieved by cooperation of the first frictional damping and the second frictional damping.

[0020] According to the method for using the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristic, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: during the operation of the automobile, the engine drives the driving disc to rotate, the driving disc drives the driven disc to rotate, the pressing plate, the disc spring and the damping washer rotate together with the driving disc because the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the driving disc and pressure exists between the disc spring and the damping washer, when the driving disc and the driven disc are relatively twisted, the flange plate is also twisted with the driving disc, the damping ring pressed by the lamella spring rotates on the cover plate to form the basic friction damping of the flange plate rotation, when the flange plate rotates to a certain angle, the recess side surface contacts the boss side surface, the flange plate continues to rotate, the flange plate drives the damping washer to be relatively twisted with the driving disc, that is, an additional damping torque is generated when the driving disc and the driven disc are relatively twisted, thereby realizing the step change of damping, adjusting the damping size according to the working state of the engine, further attenuating the vibration amplitude of the automobile engine in the resonance working condition such as starting or torque mutation, and further improving the smoothness of the automobile and prolonging the service life of each part in the automobile transmission system.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristic according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Explosion diagram of the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristic shown;

[0025] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flange plate and the damping washer of the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristic shown;

[0026] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Sectional view of the left half;

[0027] Figure 5 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flange plate and the damping washer of the dual-mass flywheel with step damping characteristic shown;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the flange structure of a two-mass flywheel with step-damping characteristics is shown.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the damping washer structure of a two-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics is shown.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the damping characteristic curve of a two-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics.

[0031] Active plate 100, base plate 100a, connecting ring 100b, external gear hub 100c, spring mounting slot 110, shock absorber spring 120, protective shell 121;

[0032] Pressure plate 200, slot 210, flange 220;

[0033] Damping washer 300, clamping plate 300a, boss 310, locking block 320;

[0034] Disc spring 400, flange 500, groove 510, lever 520, cover plate 600;

[0035] Driven disc 700, connecting part 710, external connecting hole 711, toothed anti-slip structure 712, extension part 720;

[0036] Damping ring 800, thin leaf spring 900. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0039] In the description of the present application, the meaning of one or more is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two and more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first, second is described, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 8The application discloses a double-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics, which comprises a driving disc 100, a spring mounting groove 110 arranged on the driving disc 100 and extending along the circumference of the driving disc 100, a damping spring 120 accommodated in the spring mounting groove 110, a pressing plate 200 fixedly connected to the driving disc 100, a damping washer 300 rotatably arranged on the driving disc 100, a plurality of bosses 310 axially arranged on the damping washer 300 and uniformly distributed around the circumference of the damping washer 300, a disc spring 400 arranged between the damping washer 300 and the pressing plate 200, one end of the disc spring 400 abutting against the pressing plate 200, the other end of the disc spring 400 abutting against the damping washer 300, a flange disc 500 rotatably arranged in the driving disc 100, a groove 510 arranged on the flange disc 500 and corresponding to the bosses 310, the bosses 310 being embedded in the groove 510, the circumferential length of the groove 510 being greater than the circumferential length of the bosses 310, a pushing block 520 arranged at the edge of the flange disc 500 and having a pushing distance with the end of the damping spring 120, the pushing block 520 being used for pushing the damping spring 120, a cover plate 600 arranged on the driving disc 100 and used for encapsulating the damping spring 120 together with the spring mounting groove 110, a driven disc 700 fixedly connected to the flange disc 500, a damping ring 800 abutting against the cover plate 600 and rotatable relative to the cover plate 600, and a sheet spring 900 fixedly connected to the driven disc 700 at the inner side and abutting against the damping ring 800 at the outer side, the sheet spring 900 being used for pressing the damping ring 800. The driving disc 100, the damping washer 300, the disc spring 400, the flange disc 500, the cover plate 600, the driven disc 700, the damping ring 800 and the sheet spring 900 are coaxially arranged.During the operation of the automobile, the engine drives the driving disc 100 to rotate, and the driving disc 100 drives the driven disc 700 to rotate. Since the pressing plate 200 is fixedly connected with the driving disc 100, and there is pressure between the disc spring 400 and the damping washer 300, the pressing plate 200, the disc spring 400 and the damping washer 300 will rotate together with the driving disc 100. When the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 are relatively twisted, the flange plate 500 is also twisted with the driving disc 100. Since the flange plate 500 and the driven disc 700 are fixedly connected, similarly, the damping ring 800 pressed by the lamella spring 900 will rotate on the cover plate 600, forming the basic frictional damping of the rotation of the flange plate 500. When the flange plate 500 rotates to a certain angle, the side surface of the recess 510 is in contact with the side surface of the boss 310. The flange plate 500 continues to rotate, and the flange plate 500 drives the damping washer 300 to produce relative torsion with the driving disc 100, that is, an additional damping torque is generated when the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 are relatively twisted, so as to realize the step change of damping, that is, the size of the damping is adjusted according to the working state of the engine, and the vibration amplitude of the automobile engine in the resonance working condition such as starting or torque mutation is further attenuated, and the smoothness of the automobile is further improved, and the service life of each part in the automobile transmission system is prolonged.

[0042] With reference to Figure 5 , the relative torsion angle of the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 is set as θ, that is, the torsion angle of the flange plate 500 is θ. When the relative torsion angle of the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 is θ≤J1, that is, the rotating distance of this section when the flange plate 500 does not contact the damping spring 120, the flywheel damping F is equal to the frictional damping F1 between the cover plate 600 and the damping ring 800. When the relative torsion angle of the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 is J1<θ≤J3, that is, the flange plate 500 rotates through J1, but the circumferential end wall of the recess 510 does not touch the boss 310 in this rotating distance, the flywheel damping F1<F<F1+F2. Wherein, F2 refers to the frictional damping between the damping washer 300 and the driving disc 100. When the relative torsion angle of the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 is θ>J3, that is, the flange plate 500 rotates through J1, and the circumferential end wall of the recess 510 touches the boss 310, and the flange plate 500 drives the damping washer 300 to continue to rotate in this rotating distance, the flywheel damping F=F1+F2. Wherein, J1 is the free clearance angle between the damping spring 120 and the boss of the driving disc 100, and J3 is the idling angle between the boss 310 and the recess 510, and J3 is greater than J1. J1 and J3 can be adjusted according to the actual fluctuation value of the engine speed of the vehicle.

[0043] In some embodiments, the pressing sheet 300a is annularly arranged between the damping washer 300 and the other end of the disc spring 400, and the pressing sheet 300a is coaxially arranged with the driving disc 100. The pressing sheet 300a is provided with a clamping block 320, and the pressing plate 200 is provided with a clamping groove 210. The clamping block 320 is clamped into the clamping groove 210. The other end of the disc spring 400 is pressed against the damping washer 300 through the pressing sheet 300a. The pressing sheet 300a is arranged to play a pressing role and can provide damping friction for the damping washer 300. Of course, the pressing sheet 300a can also disperse the pressure of the other end of the disc spring 400 on the damping washer 300, so that the pressure of the other end of the disc spring 400 on the damping washer 300 is more uniform.

[0044] In some embodiments, the pressing plate 200 is provided with a flange 220, one end of the disc spring 400 abuts against the flange 220, and the other end of the disc spring 400 abuts against the pressing sheet 300a. The flange 220 is arranged to limit the deformation degree of the disc spring 400. The axial height of the flange reflects the deformation degree of the disc spring 400. However, the axial distance between the flange 220 and the pressing sheet 300a is less than the axial height of the disc spring 400 in a free state. Therefore, the disc spring 400 can be deformed between the flange 220 and the pressing sheet 300a, so as to generate an elastic pressure to press the pressing sheet 300a. The disc spring 400 is arranged to play a dynamic pressing role, that is, to keep the pressing sheet 300a tightly attached to the damping washer 300.

[0045] In some embodiments, the pressing plate 200 is annularly arranged and coaxially arranged with the driving disc 100. The annularly arranged pressing plate 200 is convenient to install and use. It can be understood that the pressing plate 200 can be a plurality of single pressing plates 200 distributed around the circumference of the driving disc 100, and the plurality of single pressing plates 200 are distributed around a circumference having the same axis as the driving disc 100.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bottom plate 100a is connected to the driving disc 100 and coaxially arranged with the driving disc 100. One end of the connecting ring 100b is sleeved on the bottom plate 100a, and the other end of the connecting ring 100b is rotatably connected to the flange plate 500. The bottom plate 100a and the connecting ring 100b are arranged to facilitate the installation of the flange plate 500.

[0047] In some embodiments, the spring installation groove 110 is provided with a plurality of spring installation grooves 110, and the push block 520 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the spring installation groove 110, so as to accommodate a plurality of damping springs 120.

[0048] In some embodiments, the driven disk 700 includes a connecting portion 710 and an extension portion 720. The extension portion 720 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 710. The connecting portion 710 is fixedly connected to the flange 500. The connecting portion 710, the extension portion 720 and the driving disk 100 are coaxially arranged. The connecting portion 710 and the extension portion 720 facilitate the manufacture and installation of the driven disk 700.

[0049] In some embodiments, the connecting part 710 is provided with an external connecting hole 711, and a toothed anti-slip structure 712 is provided in the external connecting hole 711. The external connecting hole 711 facilitates the installation of the output shaft, and the toothed anti-slip structure 712 can prevent the output shaft from rotating in the external connecting hole 711.

[0050] In some embodiments, an external gear hub 100c is also included, which is sleeved on the drive disc 100 and is used to connect the starter motor.

[0051] A method for using a two-mass flywheel with step-damping characteristics includes the following steps:

[0052] To obtain the first frictional damping, the driving disc 100 is rotated, which drives the cover plate 600 to rotate synchronously. The cover plate 600 drives the flange 500 to rotate through the damping ring 800 and the leaf spring 900. The flange 500 is integrated with the driven disc 700, so the driven disc 700 will eventually rotate synchronously with the driving disc 100. When the torque is too large and exceeds the frictional force of the damping ring 800 on the cover plate 600, relative rotation will occur between the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700. The friction between the damping ring 800 and the cover plate 600 forms the first frictional damping. The first frictional damping can consume vibration energy. The first frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the leaf spring 900.

[0053] To obtain the second frictional damping, the flange 500 continues to rotate. The boss 310 on the damping washer 300 slides in the groove 510 of the flange 500 until it contacts the circumferential end of the groove 510. At this time, since the flange 500 continues to rotate, the damping washer 300 will be pushed to rotate by the flange 500. The friction between the damping washer 300 and the driving disc 100 forms the second frictional damping. The first frictional damping has a higher priority than the second frictional damping. Because the disc spring 400 is located between the damping washer 300 and the pressure plate 200, the second frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the disc spring 400.

[0054] Vibration reduction is achieved by adjusting the damping magnitude according to the working state of the active disc 100. When the angular acceleration of the active disc 100 is less than the preset value, the first friction damping is used to reduce vibration. When the angular acceleration of the active disc 100 is greater than or equal to the preset value, the second friction damping is activated. Vibration reduction is achieved by the cooperation of the first and second friction damping.

[0055] During the operation of the automobile, the engine drives the driving disc 100 to rotate, and the driving disc 100 drives the driven disc 700 to rotate. Since the pressing plate 200 is fixedly connected with the driving disc 100, and pressure exists between the disc spring 400 and the damping washer 300, the pressing plate 200, the disc spring 400 and the damping washer 300 will rotate together with the driving disc 100. When the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 are relatively twisted, the flange plate 500 is also twisted with the driving disc 100. Since the flange plate 500 and the driven disc 700 are fixedly connected, similarly, the damping ring 800 pressed by the lamella spring 900 will rotate on the cover plate 600, forming the basic frictional damping of the rotation of the flange plate 500. When the flange plate 500 rotates to a certain angle, the side surface of the recess 510 is in contact with the side surface of the boss 310. The flange plate 500 continues to rotate, and the flange plate 500 drives the damping washer 300 to be relatively twisted with the driving disc 100, that is, an additional damping torque is generated when the driving disc 100 and the driven disc 700 are relatively twisted, so as to realize the step change of the damping, that is, the size of the damping is adjusted according to the working state of the engine, and the vibration amplitude of the automobile engine in the resonance working condition such as starting or torque mutation is further attenuated, and the smoothness of the automobile is further improved, and the service life of each part in the automobile transmission system is prolonged.

[0056] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 4 Further comprising a protection shell 121, which is arranged in the driving disc 100 and is arranged on the outer side wall of the spring mounting groove 110, and is used for supporting or protecting the damping spring 120.

[0057] The above has made a detailed description of the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual mass flywheel having step-damping characteristics, characterized by, The application relates to a flywheel damping device, which comprises the following components: a driving disc provided with spring mounting grooves extending along the circumference of the driving disc, damping springs accommodated in the spring mounting grooves; a pressing plate fixedly connected to the driving disc; a damping washer rotatably arranged on the driving disc, a plurality of bosses being axially arranged on the damping washer and uniformly distributed around the circumference of the damping washer; a disc spring arranged between the damping washer and the pressing plate, one end of the disc spring abutting against the pressing plate, and the other end of the disc spring abutting against the damping washer; a flange disc rotatably arranged in the driving disc, recesses being formed in the flange disc and corresponding to the bosses, the bosses being embedded in the recesses, the circumferential length of the recesses being greater than the circumferential length of the bosses, and an edge of the flange disc being provided with a pushing block, the pushing block having a pushing distance with the end of the damping spring, and the pushing block being used for pushing the damping spring; a cover plate arranged on the driving disc, the cover plate and the spring mounting grooves being used for encapsulating the damping spring; a driven disc fixedly connected to the flange disc; a damping ring abutting against the cover plate and rotatable relative to the cover plate; a sheet spring fixedly connected to the driven disc on the inner side, the sheet spring abutting against the damping ring on the outer side, and the sheet spring being used for pressing the damping ring; the driving disc, the damping washer, the disc spring, the flange disc, the cover plate, the driven disc, the damping ring and the sheet spring being coaxially arranged; further comprising a pressing sheet arranged in the form of a ring, the pressing sheet being arranged between the damping washer and the other end of the disc spring, the pressing sheet being coaxially arranged with the driving disc, the pressing sheet being provided with a clamping block, the pressing plate being provided with a clamping groove, the clamping block being clamped into the clamping groove, the other end of the disc spring being pressed against the damping washer through the pressing sheet; the relative torsion angle of the driving disc and the driven disc being set as theta, when the relative torsion angle of the driving disc and the driven disc is less than or equal to J1, the flywheel damping F is equal to the friction damping F1 between the cover plate and the damping ring; when the relative torsion angle of the driving disc and the driven disc is greater than J1 and less than or equal to J3, the flywheel damping F1 < F < F1+F2, wherein F2 refers to the friction damping between the damping washer and the driving disc; when the relative torsion angle of the driving disc and the driven disc is greater than J3, the flywheel damping F=F1+F2; wherein J1 is the free clearance angle between the damping spring and the boss of the driving disc, and J3 is the idling angle between the boss and the recess, and J3 is greater than J1. The pressing plate is provided with a turned edge, one end of the disc spring abutting against the turned edge, and the other end of the disc spring abutting against the pressing sheet. The pressing plate is arranged in the form of a ring, and the pressing plate is coaxially arranged with the driving disc. Further comprising a bottom plate and a connecting ring, the bottom plate being connected to the driving disc and coaxially arranged with the driving disc, one end of the connecting ring being sleeved on the bottom plate, and the other end of the connecting ring being rotatably connected to the flange disc. The spring mounting grooves are arranged in plurality, and the pushing blocks are correspondingly arranged with the spring mounting grooves. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. A dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. A dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 5. The dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 6. A dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven disc comprises a connecting part and an extension part, the extension part is fixedly connected to the connecting part, the connecting part is fixedly connected to the flange disc, and the connecting part, the extension part and the driving disc are coaxially arranged.

7. A dual mass flywheel having a step-damping characteristic according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting part is provided with an outer connecting hole, and the outer connecting hole is provided with a tooth-shaped anti-skid structure.

8. A dual-mass flywheel with step-damping characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: An outer toothed hub is further included, and the outer toothed hub is sleeved on the driving disc.

9. A method of using a dual mass flywheel having step-damping characteristics, comprising: The double-mass flywheel with step damping characteristics is applied to the method, and the method comprises the following steps: A first frictional damping is obtained by rotating the driving disc, the driving disc drives the cover plate to rotate synchronously, the cover plate drives the flange disc to rotate through the damping ring and the sheet spring, the flange disc is integrated with the driven disc, so that the driven disc finally rotates synchronously with the driving disc, when the torque is too large and exceeds the friction force of the damping ring on the cover plate, relative rotation occurs between the driving disc and the driven disc, the damping ring and the cover plate are frictionally connected to form the first frictional damping, the first frictional damping can consume vibration energy, and the first frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the sheet spring; A second frictional damping is obtained by continuing to rotate the flange disc, the boss on the damping washer slides in the groove of the flange disc until the boss is in contact with the circumferential end of the groove, at this time, because the flange disc continues to rotate, the damping washer is driven to rotate by the flange disc, the damping washer and the driving disc are frictionally connected to form the second frictional damping, the first frictional damping has higher priority than the second frictional damping, because the disc spring is arranged between the damping washer and the pressing plate, and thus the second frictional damping is related to the pressure provided by the disc spring; Damping is achieved by adjusting the size of the damping according to the working state of the driving disc, when the angular acceleration of the driving disc is less than a preset value, the first frictional damping is used to achieve damping, when the angular acceleration of the driving disc is greater than or equal to the preset value, the second frictional damping is started, and the first frictional damping and the second frictional damping are used to achieve damping.

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