A high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement. By alternately capturing signals through dual channels, the ability to capture continuous signals is guaranteed. After capturing the data of each tower, it is uploaded to the cloud for storage. The data in the cloud is then processed to obtain the fault location result, reducing the pressure on the front end. Fault location is performed by combining voltage with time data, which not only can accurately locate the fault point, but also reduces the amount of data and the complexity of the data processing process, thereby improving the efficiency of fault location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power measurement, and in particular to a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement. Background Art

[0002] With the development of power transmission technology, accurate measurement of transient overvoltages is crucial for ensuring the safety of power grid operations. However, transient voltage waveforms are complex, with rich frequency components, and significant differences in time and frequency domain spans, ranging from hundreds of milliseconds to microseconds, with rise times as fast as 100 nanoseconds.

[0003] Currently, most measurements rely on oscilloscopes, high-speed data acquisition cards, etc., which have difficulties in clock synchronization for simultaneous measurement of multiple points, complex data post-processing procedures, limited processing capabilities for continuous signals, complex fault location algorithms, high requirements for hardware parameter configuration, susceptibility to interference, high false alarm rate, and difficulty in long-term online measurement in outdoor sites. Power supply is difficult, false triggering of interference signals is frequent, data volume is large, power consumption is high, and cost is high. It is difficult to popularize and cannot meet the needs of automatic monitoring of transient current and voltage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement, which solves the problems of limited continuous signal processing capability and difficulty in fault point location in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement, comprising:

[0007] The voltage waveform data of the tower is simultaneously acquired through the dual sensor channels, and counted by the clock counter at the same time to obtain the corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data;

[0008] Parsing the voltage waveform data to obtain the signal starting point and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point in the parsed voltage waveform data, and obtaining the position information of the tower, where the tower position information is pre-stored data;

[0009] Based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower to achieve high-speed data recording;

[0010] Obtain the energy values corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the dual sensor channels, and determine whether the energy value similarity is greater than a preset threshold. If so, store the transient voltage waveform data, energy value, UTC time information, and location information of the tower in the cloud as associated data. Otherwise, return to the step of obtaining voltage waveform data.

[0011] After the cloud stores the associated data corresponding to at least four consecutive towers on the same transmission line, the associated data of the four consecutive towers are retrieved from the cloud according to the order of UTC time information, and the fault is located based on the four associated data to obtain the primary fault location result;

[0012] All associated data are traversed to obtain multiple primary positioning results, and a final fault positioning result is obtained based on the primary positioning results.

[0013] In one possible implementation, simultaneously acquiring voltage waveform data of a tower through dual sensor channels and simultaneously counting data through a clock counter includes:

[0014] Acquire voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower through the first sensor channel to obtain first voltage waveform data;

[0015] Acquire voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower through the second sensor channel to obtain second voltage waveform data;

[0016] At the same time, the pps pulses output by the GPS timing module are counted by a clock counter to obtain the corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data.

[0017] In one possible implementation, parsing the voltage waveform data includes:

[0018] Converting the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data into a first digital signal and a second digital signal respectively;

[0019] Filtering the first digital signal and the second digital signal using a power frequency filtering algorithm to obtain a first filtered signal V2a and a second filtered signal V2b;

[0020] The absolute values of the first filtered signal V2a and the second filtered signal V2b are taken to obtain the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b, so as to unify the negatively increasing data into positively increasing data.

[0021] In a possible implementation, obtaining the signal starting point in the parsed voltage waveform data and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point includes:

[0022] Determine whether the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b both have Dn consecutive points of increase. If so, extract the first incremental point in the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a as the first signal starting point, extract the first incremental point in the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b as the second signal starting point, and extract the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point. Otherwise, re-acquire the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data, and determine the signal starting points of the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data.

[0023] In one possible implementation, based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, including:

[0024] Obtaining a first clock count value ts1 corresponding to a starting point of the first signal and an idle storage channel in the dual storage channels, and capturing first transient voltage waveform data based on the first clock count value ts1 and through the idle storage channel. The capturing process comprises: determining a first sampling point corresponding to the first clock count value ts1 in the original first voltage waveform data, using the first sampling point as a starting point, collecting data for a time length of t2, and obtaining the first transient voltage waveform data;

[0025] The second clock count value ts2 corresponding to the starting point of the second signal and the idle storage channel in the dual storage channels are obtained. According to the second clock count value ts2, the second transient voltage waveform data is captured through the idle storage channel. The capture process is as follows: the second sampling point corresponding to the second clock count value ts1 is determined in the original second voltage waveform data, and the second sampling point is used as the starting point to collect data of a time length of t2 to obtain the second transient voltage waveform data.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the energy value corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, X e Indicates the energy value of the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, x i represents the voltage data corresponding to the i-th sampling point, and n represents the total number of sampling points.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the associated data of four consecutive towers are retrieved from the cloud in the order of UTC time information, and the fault is located based on the four associated data to obtain a primary fault location result, including:

[0030] Retrieve four consecutive associated data from the cloud in the order of UTC time information. The positions corresponding to the four consecutive associated data are respectively denoted as G0, G1, G2, and G3, the corresponding UTC time information is denoted as Tg0, Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3, and the corresponding energy values are denoted as X e0 , X e1 , X e2 and X e3 ;

[0031] Determine the first relationship between Tg0, Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3, and determine X e0 , X e1 , X e2 and X e3 between the second relationship, and determine whether the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2 or at position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship;

[0032] If the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, determine the primary fault location result according to position G1, position G2, UTC time information Tg1, and UTC time information Tg2.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner, determining that the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes:

[0034] A1. Judge whether there exists Tg1≈Tg2<Tg3 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e3 . If so, determine that there is a fault, and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, otherwise go to step A2;

[0035] A1. Judge whether there exists Tg1≈Tg2<Tg03 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e0 . If so, determine that there is a fault, and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, otherwise determine that the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2;

[0036] Where, ≈ means that the difference between two data is within a set range.

[0037] In a possible implementation manner, determining that the fault point is located at position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes:

[0038] Judge whether there exists Tg1≈Tg3<Tg02 and X e1 ≈X e3 >X e2If yes, it is determined that there is a fault and the fault point is located at position G2; otherwise, it is determined that the fault point is not located at position G2;

[0039] If the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2 and is not located on position G2, four consecutive associated data are retrieved again to locate the fault.

[0040] In a possible implementation, determining a primary fault location result according to the location G1, the location G2, the UTC time information Tg1, and the UTC time information Tg2 includes:

[0041] S=S1+S2

[0042] S1 / Tg1=S2 / Tg2

[0043] Where S represents the distance between position G1 and position G2, S1 represents the distance from the fault point to position G1, and S2 represents the distance from the fault point to position G2.

[0044] The present application provides a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement. By alternately capturing signals through dual channels, the method ensures the ability to capture continuous signals. After capturing the data of each tower, the method uploads it to the cloud for storage. The data in the cloud is then processed to obtain the fault location results, reducing the pressure on the front end. The method combines voltage with time data for fault location, which not only accurately locates the fault point but also reduces the amount of data and the complexity of the data processing process, thereby improving the efficiency of fault location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the examples. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a first flow chart of a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a second flow chart of a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a data recording device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement, including:

[0052] S11. The voltage waveform data of the tower is simultaneously acquired through the dual sensor channels, and simultaneously counted through the clock counter to obtain a corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data.

[0053] The GPS timing module outputs pps second pulses through the clock counter. The FPGA uses the clock counter to align the second pulses for counting. That is, the FPGA clock count is calibrated by two adjacent second pulses of the GPS to achieve accurate time extraction.

[0054] Acquiring voltage waveform data of a tower simultaneously through dual sensor channels may include: when measuring the current or voltage on the tower through a current sensor or a voltage sensor, the current sensor or the voltage sensor will output a voltage signal, and by recording the voltage signal, the voltage waveform data corresponding to the sensor channel is obtained.

[0055] S12. Analyze the voltage waveform data to obtain the signal starting point and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point in the analyzed voltage waveform data, and obtain the position information of the tower, which is pre-stored data.

[0056] After a transient overvoltage occurs, the measured voltage should show an upward trend. The dual sensor channels measure the voltage on the same tower, so the voltage waveform data measured by the dual sensor channels should both have an upward segment.

[0057] S13. Based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower to achieve high-speed data recording and ensure the ability to capture continuous signals.

[0058] S14. Obtain the energy value corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the dual sensor channels, and determine whether the energy value similarity is greater than a preset threshold. If so, store the transient voltage waveform data, energy value, UTC time information, and location information corresponding to the tower in the cloud as associated data. Otherwise, return to the step of obtaining voltage waveform data, that is, return to step S11.

[0059] S15. After the cloud stores the associated data corresponding to at least four consecutive towers on the same transmission line, retrieve the associated data of the four consecutive towers from the cloud according to the order of UTC time information, and perform fault location based on the four associated data to obtain a primary fault location result.

[0060] The fault point is not necessarily located between the four consecutive towers. Therefore, the primary fault location result can include a specific fault point location result, or it can be empty, indicating that there is no fault point between the four towers. Therefore, it is necessary to traverse all associated data to determine the location of the fault point.

[0061] S16. Traverse all associated data to obtain multiple primary positioning results, and obtain a final fault positioning result based on the primary positioning results.

[0062] When a point on a transmission line is struck by lightning, the overvoltage generated by the lightning strike will spread along the transmission line. Therefore, the voltage of each tower can be monitored separately. After the overvoltage is generated, the corresponding overvoltage waveform is uploaded to the cloud, so that the front end only collects data. This not only reduces the hardware requirements for the front end, but also allows the fault point to be quickly located through the powerful computing power of the cloud.

[0063] In one possible implementation, simultaneously acquiring voltage waveform data of a tower through dual sensor channels and simultaneously counting data through a clock counter includes:

[0064] The voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower is acquired through the first sensor channel to obtain the first voltage waveform data. The voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower is acquired through the second sensor channel to obtain the second voltage waveform data.

[0065] At the same time, the pps pulses output by the GPS timing module are counted by a clock counter to obtain the corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data.

[0066] In one possible implementation, parsing the voltage waveform data includes:

[0067] The first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data are converted into a first digital signal and a second digital signal, respectively.

[0068] The first digital signal and the second digital signal are filtered using a power frequency filtering algorithm to obtain a first filtered signal V2a and a second filtered signal V2b.

[0069] The absolute values of the first filtered signal V2a and the second filtered signal V2b are taken to obtain the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b, so as to unify the negatively increasing data into positively increasing data.

[0070] In a possible implementation, obtaining the signal starting point in the parsed voltage waveform data and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point includes:

[0071] Determine whether the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b both have Dn consecutive points of increase. If so, extract the first incremental point in the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a as the first signal starting point, extract the first incremental point in the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b as the second signal starting point, and extract the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point. Otherwise, re-acquire the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data, and determine the signal starting points of the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data.

[0072] In this embodiment, Dn may be set to 10, but is not limited to 10, and Dn may also be set to other numbers.

[0073] In one possible implementation, based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, including:

[0074] The first clock count value ts1 corresponding to the starting point of the first signal and the idle storage channel in the dual storage channels are obtained. According to the first clock count value ts1, the first transient voltage waveform data is captured through the idle storage channel. The capture process is as follows: the first sampling point corresponding to the first clock count value ts1 is determined in the original first voltage waveform data, and the first sampling point is used as the starting point to collect data of a time length of t2 to obtain the first transient voltage waveform data.

[0075] The second clock count value ts2 corresponding to the starting point of the second signal and the idle storage channel in the dual storage channels are obtained. According to the second clock count value ts2, the second transient voltage waveform data is captured through the idle storage channel. The capture process is as follows: the second sampling point corresponding to the second clock count value ts1 is determined in the original second voltage waveform data, and the second sampling point is used as the starting point to collect data of a time length of t2 to obtain the second transient voltage waveform data.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the energy value corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, X e Indicates the energy value of the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, x iIt represents the voltage data corresponding to the i-th sampling point, and n represents the total number of sampling points.

[0079] Optionally, when performing similarity comparison, in order to improve the comparison efficiency, an interval sampling method can be used to calculate the energy value. For example, based on the transient voltage waveform data, the first point is extracted from every 5 data points, reducing the workload to 1 / 5 of the original data.

[0080] In a possible implementation manner, the associated data of four consecutive power poles are retrieved from the cloud according to the chronological order of UTC time information, and fault location is performed based on the four associated data to obtain a primary fault location result, including:

[0081] Retrieve four consecutive associated data from the cloud according to the chronological order of UTC time information. The positions corresponding to the four consecutive associated data are respectively denoted as G0, G1, G2, and G3, the corresponding UTC time information is denoted as Tg0, Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3, and the corresponding energy values are denoted as X e0 、X e1 、X e2 以及X e3 。

[0082] Determine the first relationship between Tg0, Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3, determine the second relationship between X e0 、X e1 、X e2 以及X e3 ,and determine whether the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2 or at position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship.

[0083] If the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, then determine the primary fault location result according to position G1, position G2, UTC time information Tg1, and UTC time information Tg2.

[0084] In a possible implementation manner, determining that the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes:

[0085] A1. Judge whether there is Tg1 ≈ Tg2 < Tg3 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e3 ; if so, it is determined that there is a fault, and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, otherwise go to step A2.

[0086] A1. Judge whether there is Tg1 ≈ Tg2 < Tg03 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e0, if so, it is determined that there is a fault, and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2; otherwise, it is determined that the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2.

[0087] Where, ≈ means that the difference between two data is within a set range.

[0088] In a possible implementation manner, determining that the fault point is located at position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes:

[0089] Judge whether there is Tg1≈Tg3<Tg02 and X e1 ≈X e3 >X e2 , if so, it is determined that there is a fault, and the fault point is located at position G2; otherwise, it is determined that the fault point is not located at position G2.

[0090] If the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2 and not located at position G2, four consecutive associated data are taken out again for fault location.

[0091] In a possible implementation manner, determining the primary fault location result according to position G1, position G2, UTC time information Tg1 and UTC time information Tg2 includes:

[0092] S = S1 + S2

[0093] S1 / Tg1 = S2 / Tg2

[0094] Where, S represents the distance between position G1 and position G2, S1 represents the distance from the fault point to position G1, and S2 represents the distance from the fault point to position G2.

[0095] A high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement provided by this application captures signals alternately through two channels, ensuring the capture ability for continuous signals, and uploading the data of each tower to the cloud for storage, and then processing the data in the cloud to obtain the fault location result, reducing the pressure on the front end. And fault location with voltage combined with time data can not only accurately locate the fault point, but also reduce the amount of data and the complexity of the data processing process, improving the efficiency of fault location.

[0096] Embodiment 2

[0097] As Figure 2 shown, this application provides a high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement, which is specifically as follows:

[0098] First, set the number of points (Dn) needed to identify a continuously rising waveform, for example, 10. Set the FPGA's circular storage FIFO depth to 20ms of data. The GPS timing module outputs pps pulses. The FPGA uses a clock counter to align the pps pulses. This means that two adjacent pps pulses from the GPS are used to calibrate the FPGA's clock count, achieving precise time extraction.

[0099] The input signal passes through sensors A and B, undergoes analog signal conditioning, and is converted to digital signals by a dual-channel synchronous sampling ADC. The FPGA acquires the ADC output digital signals and applies a 50Hz power frequency filtering algorithm to both signals, generating data V2a and V2b that have been filtered out of the power frequency signal.

[0100] The absolute values of data V2a and V2b are taken to obtain V3a and V3b, and the data with negative increase are unified into the data with positive increase.

[0101] Perform incremental judgment for Dn consecutive points (10 points in this embodiment) on the signal data V3a and V3b respectively. If the data V3a and V3b both conform to the increasing trend, extract the first point of the increase of V3a and V3b, and extract the value ts of the FPGA clock sampling counter and the UTC time information.

[0102] At this point, the FPGA detects an idle DDR (for example, DDR-A). It then records the original waveform data stored in the FIFO and continuously records the waveform for a duration of t2 (for example, 200ms), incorporating the time information and storing it in DDR-A. Otherwise, it stores it in DDR-B, ensuring continuous signal capture.

[0103] The FPGA notifies the DSP to read the waveform data in the corresponding DDR (such as DDR-A). The DSP compares the similarity of the waveform data of channels A and B. To improve the comparison efficiency, it adopts an interval sampling method, such as extracting the first point for every 5 data points, which reduces the workload to 1 / 5 of the original data.

[0104] The energy of the recorded waveform is X e , the energy calculation formula is:

[0105]

[0106] The distance between adjacent towers is relatively close, and the waveform energy X e The waveforms are close and show an increasing or decreasing trend. Combining the comparison results of the two waveform groups A and B, if the similarity between the two waveform data is greater than Q% (e.g., Q = 80), the captured waveform data is considered valid and consistent, eliminating interference from the sensor and the device itself. The waveform, UTC time information, and waveform energy value are stored in FLASH.

[0107] The stored waveforms, UTC time data, energy values, and device location numbers are uploaded to the cloud server via wireless communication. Each tower corresponds to one device's measurement data. Once the tower's device data is uploaded to the server, the cloud server can retrieve the data for the three devices closest in time. These are arranged by location as G1, G2, and G3, corresponding to times Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3.

[0108] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a data recording device, the input signal of which is a broadband signal of 20Hz to 5MHz with a signal amplitude of ±100V. In the data recording device, the functions of the various components are as follows:

[0109] AMP1 and AMP4: First-stage signal attenuation circuit. They use operational amplifiers to perform preliminary attenuation on the input wideband large signal (20Hz to 5MHz, ±100V).

[0110] AMP2 and AMP5: Second-stage signal attenuation circuits. They perform secondary attenuation on the first-stage signal to bring the signal amplitude within the processing range of subsequent circuits, while restoring the signal polarity through a reverse operation circuit.

[0111] AMP3 and AMP6: Single-ended signal to differential signal conversion circuit. The differential op amp converts the single-ended signal into a differential signal that meets the ADC input requirements.

[0112] ADC: Analog-to-digital converter, using a 40MSPS ADC (AD9629BCPZ-40) to sample the signal. The ADC has an internal voltage reference, which is also supplied to AMP3 and AMP6 as a reference source.

[0113] FPGA: An integrated logic device, using the XC6SLX25-2FTG256 FPGA model, implements data filtering, data acquisition trigger judgment, data recording, GPS clock alignment, DDR storage control, and DSP communication functions.

[0114] DSP: Digital processor, ADSP-BF532SBSTZ400 is selected to realize communication with FPGA, control DDR reading, obtain GPS information, communicate with the server through the wireless communication module (remote data upload, remote device management), control EMMC storage, control camera device operation, obtain temperature and humidity data, realize USB wired communication function, power management and low power mode control and device self-test function.

[0115] DDRA and DDRB: Two MT41K128M16JT-125-IT SDRAMs are used to implement a master-slave high-speed data cache function.

[0116] GPS timing: L26T high-precision GPS timing module is selected to provide the UTC time and PPS second pulse signal required by the device.

[0117] Wireless communication: EC20 mobile communication module is selected to realize communication between the device and the server, complete command interaction, data upload, and operation status monitoring functions.

[0118] EMMC storage: Select SDINBDA4-64G EMMC memory to realize local storage function of waveform data.

[0119] Temperature and humidity sensor: Use the SHT30-DIS-B2.5KS temperature and humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and humidity parameters inside the device to assist in determining whether the device casing is damaged.

[0120] USB interface: USB-TYPEC interface is selected to realize the export of local data and viewing of device debugging information.

[0121] The device can be powered by a lithium-ion battery. The charging interface can be connected to an external power adapter or an external battery pack. The battery pack capacity is selected according to the continuous working time. Solar panels can be used to supplement the power.

[0122] In terms of time: When an abnormality occurs, such as a lightning strike, and the lightning strike occurs at any location on the line, there are only two possible scenarios: 1. The lightning strike occurs on the cable between two adjacent towers, such as between G1 and G2 or between G2 and G3. Here, G1, G2, and G3 are any three consecutive towers on the line. The signal transmission time to G1, G2, or G2, G3, Tg1, Tg2, or Tg2, Tg3, is the closest. The transmission time to towers G1-1 and G3+1 is much longer than the transmission time to towers G1, G2, or G2, G3, due to the separation of one tower. 2. The lightning strike occurs on a tower, such as above G2. The adjacent towers are G1 and G3. This means that when the abnormality occurs at G2, the device at G2 has the shortest signal capture time. Tg1 and Tg3 include the transmission time of the abnormal signal to the next tower. This step determines the location of the tower corresponding to the abnormal point data.

[0123] Waveform data: The device sends the captured waveform data and waveform energy characteristics to the server, and the server compares and analyzes the received data. Since the device is deployed between towers at all levels, when an abnormal situation occurs, such as between G1 and G2 or between G2 and G3, the distance is very close and the waveform attenuation is small. The waveform data captured by the corresponding device should have high similarity and close waveform energy values. For example, if the waveform similarity reaches 96% and the waveform energy value is X e1 With X e2 Close or Xe2 Close to X e3 Moreover, the maximum amplitude feature recorded is close, that is, the position of the pole tower corresponding to the data is further confirmed in terms of waveform and eigenvalue.

[0124] Pole towers G0, G1, G2, and G3 arranged in sequence, UTC time information Tg0, Tg1, Tg2, and Tg3, energy value X e0 , X e1 , X e2 and X e3 There are two relationships, specifically as follows:

[0125] 1. The abnormal point occurs between two levels of pole towers. For example, G0, G1, G2, and G3 are four consecutive levels of pole towers, and the abnormality occurs between G1 and G2. G0 and G3 are the second-level pole towers on the left and right respectively. When Tg1≈Tg2<Tg3, Tg1≈Tg2<Tg0, and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e3 , X e1 ≈X e2 >X e0 , the abnormal point occurs between two levels of pole towers. That is, when lightning strikes on the cable between two levels of pole towers, the waveforms are captured first at the pole towers on both sides of the cable, and the waveform energy attenuation is close to the same. The time for the waveform to reach the second-level pole towers G0 and G3 adjacent on the left and right is significantly longer than the time to reach G1 and G2, and the energy is significantly greater than X e0 and X e3 .

[0126] 2. When the abnormal point occurs on the pole tower. For example, G1, G2, and G3 are three consecutive levels of pole towers, and G1 and G3 are the pole towers adjacent to the left and right of the abnormal point pole tower. When Tg1≈Tg3>Tg2, and X e1 ≈X e3 <X e2 , the abnormal point occurs on the G2 pole tower. That is, when lightning strikes on the pole tower, the waveform at the pole tower is captured first and has the maximum energy. The time for the waveform to reach the adjacent pole towers on the left and right is basically the same, significantly greater than Tg2, and the energy attenuation is basically the same, significantly less than X e1 and X e3 .

[0127] At this time, the specific position of the pole tower where the abnormal point is located has been determined, which is between the G1 and G2 pole towers. In special cases, it occurs at the middle position of three pole towers, that is, above the G2 pole tower. This greatly improves the recognition accuracy of the abnormal point position and avoids false alarms.

[0128] The locations and distances of the G0, G1, G2, and G3 towers are known, given by engineering data from the time the line was erected (or calculated using GPS positioning information from the device). For example, the distance between G1 and G2 is S, the times recorded by the devices on G1 and G2 are Tg1 and Tg2, respectively. The signal transmission speed V on both sides of the line is the same, the distance between the two towers is S, the distance from the abnormal point to tower G1 is S1, and the distance to tower G2 is S2. The distance relationship is: S = S1 + S2

[0129] The times measured by the device are Tg1 and Tg2 respectively. According to the basic formula: S=V·t, it can be obtained that S1 / Tg1=S2 / Tg2.

[0130] According to the above formula, S, Tg1 and Tg2 are all known values, so the location of the abnormal point can be calculated. However, if the abnormal point occurs on the G2 tower, no calculation is required.

[0131] The cloud server extracts data from the two devices closest in time, and determines the location where the abnormal waveform occurs (located between towers G1 and G2).

[0132] The first step of this method is to determine the interval where the abnormal point is located, and the second step is to calculate the specific location. By comparing the dual-channel waveform data, waveform energy and the waveform capture time and energy change trend, the interference can be effectively eliminated and the accuracy of abnormal capture can be improved.

[0133] The cloud server sends instructions to the G0, G1, G2, and G3 devices, links the cameras, captures image data, and transmits it back to the cloud server for abnormality investigation.

[0134] The same signal is acquired through two sets of sensors, and the increasing trend of the two-channel data is used to determine the time when the abnormal signal occurs. Then, through the similarity analysis of the waveform data of channels A and B, the interference generated by the sensors and acquisition devices themselves is eliminated, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of distinguishing and timely acquiring abnormal signals.

[0135] Combined with the Internet cloud server platform, the device only uploads valid data, and the cloud server conducts a comprehensive analysis of the data of multiple devices to provide the exact location of the abnormal point. At the same time, the device's high-accuracy abnormal signal front-end judgment method also greatly reduces the data transmission volume between the device and the cloud platform, reduces the requirements for network bandwidth and server configuration, reduces costs, and effectively improves engineering application capabilities and popularity.

[0136] With the camera linkage function, the towers and cables where abnormalities occur can be checked quickly and accurately, which effectively improves the efficiency of troubleshooting potential faults.

[0137] A high-precision GPS timing module is used, and hierarchical time extraction is utilized to complete the time alignment of the waveform trigger moment and peak occurrence moment. At the same time, time synchronization is achieved between various measuring devices installed in different locations, solving the problem of time synchronization in subsequent data analysis.

[0138] The master-slave dual DDR design is adopted to avoid the arrival of continuous trigger signals, which may cause conflicts in the reading of system data and affect the continuity of back-end data storage. It ensures the continuous capture of continuous signals and reduces the system's requirements for single-chip DDR capacity.

[0139] The same signal is acquired through two sets of sensors, and the increasing trend of the two-channel data is used to determine the time when the abnormal signal occurs. Then, through the similarity analysis of the waveform data of channels A and B, the interference generated by the sensors and acquisition devices themselves is eliminated, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of distinguishing and timely acquiring abnormal signals.

[0140] Combined with the Internet cloud server platform, the device only uploads valid data, and the cloud server conducts a comprehensive analysis of the data of multiple devices to provide the exact location of the abnormal point. At the same time, the device's high-accuracy abnormal signal front-end judgment method also greatly reduces the data transmission volume between the device and the cloud platform, reduces the requirements for network bandwidth and server configuration, reduces costs, and effectively improves engineering application capabilities and popularity.

[0141] With the camera linkage function, the towers and cables where abnormalities occur can be checked quickly and accurately, which effectively improves the efficiency of troubleshooting potential faults.

[0142] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement, characterized in that: include: The voltage waveform data of the tower is simultaneously acquired through the dual sensor channels, and counted by the clock counter at the same time to obtain the corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data; Parsing the voltage waveform data to obtain the signal starting point and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point in the parsed voltage waveform data, and obtaining the position information of the tower, where the tower position information is pre-stored data; Based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower to achieve high-speed data recording; Obtain the energy values corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the dual sensor channels, and determine whether the energy value similarity is greater than a preset threshold. If so, store the transient voltage waveform data, energy value, UTC time information, and location information of the tower in the cloud as associated data. Otherwise, return to the step of obtaining voltage waveform data. After the cloud stores the associated data corresponding to at least four consecutive towers on the same transmission line, the associated data of the four consecutive towers are retrieved from the cloud according to the order of UTC time information, and the fault is located based on the four associated data to obtain the primary fault location result; All associated data are traversed to obtain multiple primary positioning results, and a final fault positioning result is obtained based on the primary positioning results.

2. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage waveform data of the tower is acquired simultaneously through dual sensor channels and counted by a clock counter, including: Acquire voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower through the first sensor channel to obtain first voltage waveform data; Acquire voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower through the second sensor channel to obtain second voltage waveform data; At the same time, the pps pulses output by the GPS timing module are counted by a clock counter to obtain the corresponding relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data.

3. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: Analyze the voltage waveform data, including: Converting the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data into a first digital signal and a second digital signal respectively; Filtering the first digital signal and the second digital signal using a power frequency filtering algorithm to obtain a first filtered signal V2a and a second filtered signal V2b; The absolute values of the first filtered signal V2a and the second filtered signal V2b are taken to obtain the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b, so as to unify the negatively increasing data into positively increasing data.

4. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: Obtain the signal starting point and the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point in the parsed voltage waveform data, including: Determine whether the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a and the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b both have Dn consecutive points of increase. If so, extract the first incremental point in the parsed first voltage waveform data V3a as the first signal starting point, extract the first incremental point in the parsed second voltage waveform data V3b as the second signal starting point, and extract the UTC time information corresponding to the signal starting point. Otherwise, re-acquire the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data, and determine the signal starting points of the first voltage waveform data and the second voltage waveform data.

5. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the relationship between the clock count value and the voltage waveform data and the signal starting point, dual storage channels are used to continuously capture the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, including: Obtaining a first clock count value ts1 corresponding to a starting point of the first signal and an idle storage channel in the dual storage channels, and capturing first transient voltage waveform data based on the first clock count value ts1 and through the idle storage channel. The capturing process comprises: determining a first sampling point corresponding to the first clock count value ts1 in the original first voltage waveform data, using the first sampling point as a starting point, collecting data for a time length of t2, and obtaining the first transient voltage waveform data; The second clock count value ts2 corresponding to the starting point of the second signal and the idle storage channel in the dual storage channels are obtained. According to the second clock count value ts2, the second transient voltage waveform data is captured through the idle storage channel. The capture process is as follows: the second sampling point corresponding to the second clock count value ts1 is determined in the original second voltage waveform data, and the second sampling point is used as the starting point to collect data of a time length of t2 to obtain the second transient voltage waveform data.

6. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy value corresponding to the transient voltage waveform data is: Among them, X e Indicates the energy value of the transient voltage waveform data corresponding to the tower, x i represents the voltage data corresponding to the i-th sampling point, and n represents the total number of sampling points.

7. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The associated data of four consecutive towers are retrieved from the cloud in the order of UTC time information. The fault is located based on the four associated data, and the primary fault location results are obtained, including: According to the order of UTC time information, four consecutive related data are retrieved from the cloud. The positions corresponding to the four consecutive related data are recorded as G0, G1, G2 and G3 respectively, the corresponding UTC time information is recorded as Tg0, Tg1, Tg2 and Tg3, and the corresponding energy value is recorded as X. e0 、X e1 、X e2 and X e3 ; Determine the first relationship between Tg0, Tg1, Tg2 and Tg3, and determine X e0 、X e1 、X e2 and X e3 a second relationship between the positions G1 and G2, and determining whether the fault point is between the positions G1 and G2 or on the position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship; If the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, a primary fault location result is determined according to position G1, position G2, UTC time information Tg1, and UTC time information Tg2.

8. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: Determining that the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes: A1. Determine whether there exists Tg1≈Tg2<Tg3 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e3 , if so, it is determined that a fault exists and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, otherwise go to step A2; A1. Determine whether there exists Tg1≈Tg2<Tg03 and X e1 ≈X e2 >X e0 , if so, it is determined that a fault exists and the fault point is located between position G1 and position G2, otherwise it is determined that the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2; Here, ≈ means that the difference between two data is within the set range.

9. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 8, characterized in that: Determining that the fault point is located at position G2 according to the first relationship and the second relationship includes: Determine whether there exists Tg1≈Tg3<Tg02 and X e1 ≈X e3 >X e2 , if so, it is determined that there is a fault, and the fault point is located at position G2, otherwise it is determined that the fault point is not located at position G2; If the fault point is not located between position G1 and position G2 and is not located on position G2, four consecutive associated data are retrieved again to locate the fault.

10. The high-speed data recording and fault location method for broadband voltage measurement according to claim 8, characterized in that: A primary fault location result is determined based on the position G1, the position G2, the UTC time information Tg1, and the UTC time information Tg2, including: S=S1+S2 S1 / Tg1=S2 / Tg2 Where S represents the distance between position G1 and position G2, S1 represents the distance from the fault point to position G1, and S2 represents the distance from the fault point to position G2.

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