A cell breeding magazine type rice and wheat seeder

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of seeding machine, and particularly relates to a plot breeding magazine type rice and wheat seeding machine, which can automatically divide and allocate experimental seeds, reduce workload, has high practicability, can flexibly adjust the number of suction holes on the wheel disc, and has low limitation; the plot breeding magazine type rice and wheat seeding machine comprises a rack, an operation table is installed on the upper part of the rack, and multiple seeding pipes are installed on the lower part of the rack; the plot breeding magazine type rice and wheat seeding machine further comprises two multi-grid seed boxes, multiple seed dividing boxes, multiple turning plates, a seed dividing shaft, a seed dividing motor, two seed supply mechanisms and multiple wheel disc type seeders, the two seed supply mechanisms, the two multi-grid seed boxes, the multiple seed dividing boxes, the seed dividing shaft and the seed dividing motor are installed on the operation table, the multiple seed dividing boxes are connected with the multiple wheel disc type seeders, the multiple wheel disc type seeders are installed on the rack, output ends of the multiple wheel disc type seeders are connected with the multiple seeding pipes, the multiple turning plates are rotationally installed at the bottoms of the multiple seed dividing boxes, the seed dividing shaft is rotationally installed above the middle parts of the multiple seed dividing boxes, and the seed dividing motor is in transmission connection with the seed dividing shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of seeders, and in particular to a cartridge-type rice and wheat seeder for small-area breeding. Background Technology

[0002] The core component of a rice and wheat seeder for small-scale breeding is the seed metering device. The performance of the seed metering device determines the overall operational efficiency of the machine. Based on the operational requirements of different breeding experiments, the types of seed metering devices used are mainly divided into two categories: one is the row-seeding seed metering device; the other is the precision seed metering device, primarily the air-suction disc type. For example, the precision seed metering device and precision seed metering device assembly for direct seeding of small seeds proposed in publication number "CN201510118900.0" is of the air-suction disc type. The air-suction disc seed metering device has a seed metering chamber with a rotating disc. The disc divides the seed metering chamber into front and rear parts. The front part of the disc stores the seeds, and the rear part connects to an air extractor. One or more rings of seed suction holes are evenly arranged on the disc. The rotating disc suctions the seeds onto the suction holes and carries them to the outside of the seed metering device, where they are then sown into the soil by the seeding plow.

[0003] However, the number and number of seed suction holes on the disc are usually fixed. When changing the number of seeds per hole, the seed metering device must be disassembled and the corresponding disc replaced. This is complicated, time-consuming, and requires multiple models of discs, which limits its effectiveness.

[0004] The difference between plot seeders and field seeders also lies in the seed supply method. Because plot breeding trials require a specific quantity of seeds, and each plot has a different variety, the seeds need to be delivered to the seed metering device through a seed supply unit, which differs from field seeders (which supply seeds through seed boxes).

[0005] There are two commonly used seed dispensing devices: the cone-shaped equal-division seed dispenser and the magazine-type seed dispenser. The cone-shaped equal-division seed dispenser requires pre-dividing and bagging the experimental seeds. During sowing, seeds are manually poured into the funnel of the dispenser according to the pre-arranged plot diagram and plot order. The seeds are then evenly distributed by the cone and fall into the seed metering devices of each row of seeding units. The magazine-type seed dispenser requires pre-dividing and loading the experimental seeds into magazine-like seed boxes. The seed boxes are arranged in plot order on a seed box tray. During sowing, the program controls the process; when seeds are needed, the seed box is pushed forward one space, and the seeds fall through the dropper into the seed metering devices of each row of seeding units. The advantage is that no manual intervention is required, and the operation is simple—only the seed boxes need to be placed on the dispenser. The disadvantage is that during seed preparation, experimental seeds need to be manually divided and packed into boxes, which is labor-intensive. Furthermore, since the seed boxes are in a fixed arrangement, errors in the sowing order are difficult to detect and correct, reducing practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-plot breeding that can automatically measure and dispense experimental seeds, reduce workload, is highly practical, can flexibly adjust the number of turns of the seed suction holes on the disc, and has low limitations.

[0007] This invention discloses a magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding, comprising a frame, an operating platform, and seed tubes. A drive box is mounted on the frame, and the operating platform is mounted on the upper part of the frame. Multiple traveling wheels, multiple sets of covering wheels, and multiple sets of pressing wheels are mounted on the lower part of the frame. Multiple seed tubes are installed on the lower part of the frame, each located in front of one of the sets of covering wheels. A control box and a suction fan are mounted on the frame. The planter also includes two multi-compartment seed boxes, multiple seed distribution boxes, multiple flaps, a seed distribution shaft, a seed distribution motor, two seed supply mechanisms, and multiple disc-type seed metering devices. The two seed supply mechanisms are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the operating platform. Each seed supply mechanism is equipped with a translation component and a drive component. Each seed supply mechanism is equipped with a multi-compartment seed box, and each multi-compartment seed box has multiple seed distribution compartments. Multiple seed distribution boxes are installed in the center of the operating platform, arranged neatly, and the multiple seed distribution boxes output... Each end is connected to multiple disc seed metering devices via flexible hoses. The multiple disc seed metering devices are mounted on the frame. The drive box is connected to the multiple disc seed metering devices via transmission. Each disc seed metering device is equipped with an adjustment hole assembly. The output ends of the multiple disc seed metering devices are connected to multiple seeding tubes. Multiple flaps are rotatably mounted at the bottom of multiple seed boxes. The drive assemblies of the multiple flaps extend outside the seed boxes. The seeding shaft is rotatably mounted at the top center of the multiple seed boxes via two brackets. Multiple seed-taking holes are provided on the outer wall of the multiple seeding shafts. The multiple seed-taking holes are located above the multiple seed boxes. The seeding motor is mounted on the operating table. The output shaft of the seeding motor is concentrically connected to the seeding shaft via transmission. An opening assembly is provided between the support of the seeding shaft and the two multi-compartment seed boxes. The seeding shaft takes out the seeds from the multi-compartment seed boxes and automatically and evenly distributes them into the multiple seed boxes.Before sowing, seeds of different varieties are placed into multiple seed compartments of two multi-compartment seed boxes in a specific order. The adjusting components on the multiple disc seed metering devices are adjusted to change the number of rotations of the seed suction holes on the discs. During sowing, the frame is connected to the tractor, and the drive box on the frame is connected to the tractor's transfer case. The tractor pulls the frame to the seed plot. The seed supply mechanism moves the multi-compartment seed boxes above the multiple seed compartments, and the seeding shaft is inserted into the output port at the bottom of the corresponding seed compartment of the multi-compartment seed box. The seeding motor drives the seeding shaft to rotate, and the multiple seed-taking holes of the seeding shaft simultaneously transfer equal amounts of seeds from the seed compartments of the multi-compartment seed box into the multiple seed compartments. Afterward, the multi-compartment seed box disengages from the seeding shaft and resets. When the tractor reaches the sowing plot, the drive assembly of multiple flaps flips up, dispensing seeds from multiple seed boxes into multiple disc seed metering units. The tractor then travels through the plot to sow the seeds. The disc seed metering units precisely extract the seeds and evenly distribute them into multiple seed tubes, which then sow the seeds into the soil. This eliminates the need for manual seed preparation, enabling automated seed dispensing and reducing workload. The two multi-compartment seed boxes can be flexibly adjusted, eliminating the need for a strict sowing sequence and improving practicality. The number of rotations of the seed suction holes on the discs can be easily adjusted without disassembling the seed metering units to replace the corresponding discs, simplifying operation, reducing time consumption, and minimizing limitations due to the need for multiple disc models.

[0008] Preferably, the opening assembly includes multiple sliding covers and two cylinders. Each of the multiple seed-dividing compartments in the two multi-compartment seed boxes has a sliding cover horizontally slidably mounted on its bottom output port. Each sliding cover has a locking hole on its inner side at the lower end face. The tops of the two supports of the seed-dividing shaft are elastically mounted with cylinders, which match the locking holes of the multiple sliding covers. During automatic seed dispensing, the seed supply mechanism aligns the sliding cover at the bottom of the corresponding seed-dividing compartment of the multi-compartment seed box with the end face of the seed-dividing shaft and pushes the multi-compartment seed box above the seed-dividing shaft. This allows the seed-dividing shaft to insert into the output port of the seed-dividing compartment of the multi-compartment seed box. The seed-dividing shaft blocks the sliding cover, and the cylinder inserts into the locking hole of the sliding cover. The seed-dividing motor drives the seed-dividing shaft to dispense the seeds. After dispensing, the seed supply mechanism resets the multi-compartment seed box, and the cylinder hooks the sliding cover, closing the output port of the seed-dividing compartment of the multi-compartment seed box. This achieves the opening and closing of the seed-dividing compartments, resulting in high practicality.

[0009] Preferably, the translation component includes two slide rails, two slide tables, multiple slide rails, and two sliders. The two slide rails are installed parallel to each other on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the operating table. The two slide tables are slidably installed on the left and right ends of the two slide rails via multiple sliders. Two slide rails are horizontally installed on the inner walls of each slide table. The two multi-compartment seed boxes are slidably installed on the slide rails on the two slide tables via sliders. The drive component is installed on the operating table and the slide tables. The drive component drives the two slide tables to move along the two slide rails and drives the two multi-compartment seed boxes to move along the multiple slide rails. The drive component drives the two multi-compartment seed boxes to move along the multiple slide rails via the two sliders, so that the sliding cover of the corresponding seeding compartment of the two multi-compartment seed boxes is aligned with the seeding axis. The drive component drives the two slide tables to move along the two slide rails, so that the two multi-compartment seed boxes move closer to and further away from the seeding axis, realizing automatic seed dispensing and improving work efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes two sprockets, a chain, and a drive motor. The two sprockets are rotatably mounted on a bracket and mounted on an operating table or slide via the bracket. The chain is connected to the two sprockets via a set and is connected to the slide or slider via a connector. The drive motor is mounted on the bracket of the sprockets, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the sprocket drive. The drive motor drives the sprockets to rotate, and the sprockets drive the chain to rotate. The chain, through the connector, drives the slide along two slide rails one away from or towards the seeding axis, or the chain, through the connector, drives the slider along slide rail two, so that the corresponding seeding compartments of the multi-compartment seed box are aligned with the seeding axis. The drive motor can be flexibly programmed and controlled, has good driving effect, simple structure, and high practicality.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary seed metering device includes a housing, an inner rotary disc, a shielding block, an adjusting hole assembly, a seed feeding pipe, a seed metering pipe, and an air suction mechanism. The air suction mechanism includes an air suction component and a seed cleaning component. The housing is mounted on a frame, and the inner wall of the housing is provided with a seed metering chamber. The inner rotary disc is located in the seed metering chamber of the housing. The inner rotary disc is provided with a sealed end cover and a cylindrical surrounding plate. The end cover of the inner rotary disc is rotatably and sealingly connected to the middle of the rear end cover of the housing via a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft of the inner rotary disc is drivenly connected to the drive box of the frame. The front end of the surrounding plate is in sealed sliding contact with the front inner wall of the seed metering chamber of the housing. Multiple sets of seed suction holes are evenly arranged on the surrounding plate of the inner rotary disc, and each set of seed suction holes is provided with multiple inclined... The seed suction holes are arranged in a row. The hole adjustment assembly is connected to the rotating shaft of the inner wheel. The hole adjustment assembly is slidably connected to the outer surface of the inner wheel's surrounding plate. The hole adjustment assembly covers multiple sets of seed suction holes. The covering block is installed at the top of the seed dispensing chamber of the shell. The lower end face of the covering block is in slidable contact with the outer surface of the inner wheel's surrounding plate. The input end of the seed feeding tube is connected to the output end of the seed box through a flexible tube. The output end of the seed feeding tube extends into the middle of the inner wheel in the seed dispensing chamber of the shell through the front end plate of the shell. The input end of the seed dispensing tube extends into the top of the seed dispensing chamber of the shell through the front end plate of the shell. The input end of the seed dispensing tube is located below the covering block. The rear side wall of the input end of the seed dispensing tube is connected to the inner wheel. The inner wall of the enclosure slides in contact with the seed metering tube. The output end of the seed metering tube is connected to the sowing tube via a flexible hose. The suction mechanism is installed at the bottom of the housing and connected to the suction machine on the frame. The suction assembly is connected to the bottom of the seed metering chamber of the housing. The input end of the seed cleaning assembly extends into the bottom of the inner side of the inner wheel plate, and the output end of the seed cleaning assembly is connected to the waste seed box on the frame. Before sowing, the adjusting hole assembly is adjusted so that it simultaneously covers several seed suction holes in multiple sets of suction holes, so that the number of uncovered suction holes is the same as the number of seeds in a single hole. The well-weighted seeds in the seed box are put into the space enclosed by the seed metering chamber and the inner wheel plate of the housing through the flexible hose and the seed adding tube. The drive box of the frame drives the inner wheel to rotate. The air suction machine on the frame extracts the air from the outside of the seed dispensing chamber of the shell through the suction mechanism, so that each suction hole of the inner wheel picks up a seed. When the rotating inner wheel drives the sucked-up seeds to the top of the seed dispensing chamber of the shell, the blocking block blocks the suction hole from the outer surface of the inner wheel's enclosure, throwing the sucked-up seeds onto the input end of the seed dispensing tube and into the sowing tube along the hose for sowing. After one plot of seeding is completed, the seed cleaning component quickly empties the remaining seeds in the shell and the inner wheel into the waste seed box, achieving precise seed dispensing, flexible adjustment of the number of effective suction holes, and automatic seed cleaning with low limitations.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting hole assembly includes multiple shielding plates and bushings. The multiple shielding plates slide in contact with the outer surface of the inner disc's surrounding plate, and are located between multiple sets of seed suction holes. The bushings are fitted onto the inner disc's rotating shaft, and the bushings and the inner disc's rotating shaft are damped. The multiple shielding plates are connected to the bushings via multiple connecting plates. The outer end of the bushing extends beyond the rear end face of the housing, and a polygonal locking block is provided at the outer end of the bushing. When it is necessary to adjust the effective number of seed suction holes, the bushings are rotated using a wrench or other tools. The bushings drive the multiple shielding plates to rotate along the inner disc's surrounding plate via the multiple connecting plates, so that the multiple shielding plates block several rings of seed suction holes in the multiple sets of seed suction holes, achieving flexible adjustment of the number of seed suction holes without disassembling the seed metering device and replacing the disc, thus reducing the limitations of the equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the air intake component of the air intake mechanism includes a three-way valve and an air intake pipe. The main channel of the three-way valve is connected to the air intake machine on the frame, and one secondary channel of the three-way valve is connected to the output end of the air intake pipe. The input end of the air intake pipe extends from the bottom of the housing into the bottom of the seed dispensing chamber of the housing, and the input port of the air intake pipe is located between the housing and the inner wheel. The other secondary channel of the three-way valve is connected to the seed cleaning component. During sowing, the three-way valve is switched so that the air intake machine is connected to the air intake pipe through the three-way valve. The air intake pipe draws out the air from the outside of the seed dispensing chamber of the housing and the surrounding plate of the inner wheel, creating a low-pressure zone outside the seed dispensing chamber of the housing. This causes the seed suction hole of the inner wheel to suck up the seeds, achieving seed suction and precise seed dispensing, thus improving practicality.

[0014] Preferably, the seed cleaning component of the suction mechanism includes a seed cleaning tube, an insert motor, and an insert plate. The side wall of the seed cleaning tube is provided with a vent hole, which is connected to another secondary channel of the three-way valve. The lower end of the seed cleaning tube is connected to the waste seed box, and the upper end of the seed cleaning tube is connected to the seed discharge chamber of the housing through the front end plate of the housing. The inlet of the seed cleaning tube is aligned with the bottom of the inner wheel plate. The insert motor is installed on the seed cleaning tube, and the output shaft of the insert motor is connected to the insert plate. The insert plate is inserted between the housing and the seed cleaning tube to seal the inlet of the seed cleaning tube. After the seeding of one plot is completed, the three-way valve switches to connect the seed cleaning tube to the suction machine of the frame. The insert motor runs and removes the insert plate from the inlet of the seed cleaning tube, so that the seed cleaning tube quickly clears the residual seeds on the inner wheel plate and discharges the residual seeds into the waste seed box, achieving rapid seed cleaning and high practicality.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Before sowing, seeds of different varieties are placed into multiple seed compartments of two multi-compartment seed boxes in a certain order. The adjusting components on multiple disc seed metering devices are adjusted to change the number of rotations of the seed suction holes on the discs. During sowing, the frame is connected to the tractor, and the drive box on the frame is connected to the tractor's transfer case. The tractor pulls the frame to the small-scale breeding plot. The seed supply mechanism moves the multi-compartment seed box above multiple seed boxes, and the seeding shaft is inserted into the output port at the bottom of the corresponding seed compartment of the multi-compartment seed box. The seeding motor drives the seeding shaft to rotate, and the multiple seed-taking holes of the seeding shaft synchronously put the seeds in the seed compartments of the multi-compartment seed box into the multiple seed boxes in equal amounts. Afterwards, the multi-compartment seed box and the seed box... The seeding shaft disengages and resets. When the frame reaches the sowing plot, the drive assembly of multiple flaps is operated to flip and stand the flaps upright, distributing the seeds from multiple seed boxes into multiple disc seed metering devices. The tractor travels in the sowing plot to sow the seeds. Multiple disc seed metering devices accurately extract the seeds and evenly distribute them into multiple sowing tubes, which then sow the seeds into the soil. No manual seed preparation is required, achieving automatic seed distribution for experiments, reducing workload. The two multi-compartment seed boxes can be flexibly adjusted, eliminating the need to strictly arrange the seed boxes according to the sowing order, improving practicality. The number of rotations of the seed suction holes on the discs can be easily and flexibly adjusted, eliminating the need to disassemble the seed metering device to replace the corresponding discs, simplifying operation, shortening time, and reducing the need to equip multiple types of discs, thus minimizing limitations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is an exploded and enlarged structural diagram of the seeding box, flap, seeding shaft, seeding motor, cylinder, etc.

[0020] Figure 5 It is an exploded and enlarged structural diagram of the multi-compartment seed box, drive mechanism, and other structures.

[0021] Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a rotary seed metering device;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a half-section diagram of a rotary seed metering device;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a magnified structural diagram of the intake mechanism and other structures.

[0024] The following components are labeled in the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Operating table; 3. Seeding tube; 4. Multi-compartment seed box; 5. Seeding box; 6. Flip plate; 7. Seeding shaft; 8. Seeding motor; 9. Sliding cover; 10. Cylinder; 11. Slide rail one; 12. Slide table; 13. Slide rail two; 14. Slider; 15. Sprocket; 16. Chain; 17. Drive motor; 18. Housing; 19. Inner disc; 20. Shielding block; 21. Seeding tube; 22. Seeding tube; 23. Shielding plate; 24. Bushing; 25. Three-way valve; 26. Suction pipe; 27. Seed cleaning pipe; 28. Insertion plate motor; 29. ​​Insertion plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the box-opening assembly includes multiple sliding covers 9 and two cylinders 10. Sliding covers 9 are horizontally slidably mounted on the bottom output ports of multiple seeding compartments in the two multi-compartment seed boxes 4. Each sliding cover 9 has a locking hole on the inner side of its lower end face. Cylinders 10 are elastically mounted on the top of the two supports of the seeding shaft 7, and the two cylinders 10 match the locking holes of the multiple sliding covers 9. The translation assembly includes two slide rails 11, two slide tables 12, multiple slide rails 13, and two sliders 14. The two slide rails 11 are parallel to each other on the front and rear sides of the upper end face of the operating table 2. The two slide tables 12 are slidably mounted on the left and right ends of the two slide rails 11 respectively via multiple sliders. Two slide rails 13 are horizontally mounted on the inner walls of each of the two slide tables 12. Seed boxes 4 are slidably mounted on slide rails 13 on two slide tables 12 via sliders 14. The drive assembly is mounted on the operating table 2 and the slide table 12. The drive assembly drives the two slide tables 12 to move along the two slide rails 11 and drives the two multi-compartment seed boxes 4 to move along multiple slide rails 13. The drive assembly includes two sprockets 15, a chain 16 and a drive motor 17. The two sprockets 15 are rotatably mounted on a bracket. The two sprockets 15 are mounted on the operating table 2 or the slide table 12 via the bracket. The chain 16 is connected to the two sprockets 15. The chain 16 is connected to the slide table 12 or the slider 14 via a connector. The drive motor 17 is mounted on the bracket of the sprockets 15. The output shaft of the drive motor 17 is connected to the sprockets 15 for transmission.

[0028] When automatically distributing seeds, the drive motor 17 drives the sprocket 15 to rotate, the sprocket 15 drives the chain 16 to rotate, and the chain 16 drives the slider 14 to move along the slide rail 13 through the connector, so that the sliding cover 9 of the corresponding seeding compartment of the two multi-compartment seed boxes 4 is aligned with the seeding shaft 7. The chain 16 drives the slide table 12 to move along the two slide rails 11 to approach the seeding shaft 7, so that the sliding cover 9 at the bottom of the corresponding seeding compartment of the multi-compartment seed box 4 is aligned with the end face of the seeding shaft 7 and pushes the multi-compartment seed box 4 to move above the seeding shaft 7, so that the seeding shaft 7 is inserted into the output port of the seeding compartment of the multi-compartment seed box 4. The seeding shaft 7 blocks the sliding cover 9, and the cylinder 10 is inserted into the locking hole of the sliding cover 9. The seeding motor 8 drives the seeding shaft 7 to distribute the seeds. After the distribution is completed, the chain 16 drives the multi-compartment seed box 4 to reset, and the cylinder 10 hooks the sliding cover 9 so that the sliding cover 9 closes the output port of the seeding compartment of the multi-compartment seed box 4, realizing automatic seed distribution.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] like Figures 6 to 8As shown, the disc seed metering device includes a housing 18, an inner disc 19, a shielding block 20, an adjusting hole assembly, a seed feeding pipe 21, a seed metering pipe 22, and an air suction mechanism. The air suction mechanism includes an air suction assembly and a seed cleaning assembly. The housing 18 is mounted on the frame 1. The inner wall of the housing 18 is provided with a seed metering chamber. The inner disc 19 is located in the seed metering chamber of the housing 18. The inner disc 19 is provided with a sealed end cover and a cylindrical surrounding plate. The end cover of the inner disc 19 is rotatably and sealingly connected to the middle of the rear end cover of the housing 18 through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft of the inner disc 19 is drivenly connected to the drive box of the frame 1. The front end of the surrounding plate is in sealed sliding contact with the front inner wall of the seed metering chamber of the housing 18. Multiple sets of seed suction holes are evenly arranged on the surrounding plate of the inner disc 19, each set... Each seed suction hole is provided with multiple inclined seed suction holes. The hole adjustment assembly is driven by the shaft of the inner wheel 19 and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the inner wheel 19's surrounding plate. The hole adjustment assembly covers multiple sets of seed suction holes. The covering block 20 is installed on the top of the seed discharging chamber of the housing 18. The lower end face of the covering block 20 is in slidable contact with the outer surface of the inner wheel 19's surrounding plate. The input end of the seed feeding tube 21 is connected to the output end of the seed box 5 through a flexible tube. The output end of the seed feeding tube 21 extends into the middle of the inner wheel 19 in the seed discharging chamber of the housing 18 through the front end plate of the housing 18. The input end of the seed discharging tube 22 extends into the top of the seed discharging chamber of the housing 18 through the front end plate of the housing 18. The input end of the seed discharging tube 22 is located at... Below the shielding block 20, the rear wall of the input end of the seed metering tube 22 slides in contact with the inner wall of the inner wheel 19's enclosure. The output end of the seed metering tube 22 is connected to the seeding tube 3 via a flexible hose. The suction mechanism is installed at the bottom of the housing 18 and is connected to the suction machine on the frame 1. The suction assembly is connected to the bottom of the seed metering chamber of the housing 18. The input end of the seed cleaning assembly extends into the bottom of the inner side of the inner wheel 19's enclosure, and the output end of the seed cleaning assembly is connected to the waste seed box on the frame 1. The orifice adjustment assembly includes multiple shielding plates 23 and bushings 24. The multiple shielding plates 23 slide in contact with the outer surface of the inner wheel 19's enclosure, and are located between multiple sets of suction holes. The bushings 24 are fitted onto the inner wheel 19. On the rotating shaft, the bushing 24 and the inner wheel 19 are provided with a certain damping. Multiple shielding plates 23 are connected to the bushing 24 through multiple connecting plates. The outer end of the bushing 24 extends out of the rear end face of the housing 18. A polygonal locking block is provided on the outer end of the bushing 24. The suction component of the suction mechanism includes a three-way valve 25 and a suction pipe 26. The main channel of the three-way valve 25 is connected to the suction machine on the frame 1. One secondary channel of the three-way valve 25 is connected to the output end of the suction pipe 26. The input end of the suction pipe 26 extends from the bottom of the housing 18 into the bottom of the seed discharging chamber of the housing 18. The input port of the suction pipe 26 is located between the housing 18 and the inner wheel 19. The other secondary channel of the three-way valve 25 is connected to the seed cleaning component.The seed cleaning assembly of the suction mechanism includes a seed cleaning tube 27, a plate motor 28, and a plate 29. The side wall of the seed cleaning tube 27 is provided with a vent hole, which is connected to another secondary channel of the three-way valve 25. The lower port of the seed cleaning tube 27 is connected to the waste seed box, and the upper port of the seed cleaning tube 27 is connected to the seed discharge chamber of the housing 18 through the front end plate of the housing 18. The inlet of the seed cleaning tube 27 is aligned with the bottom of the surrounding plate of the inner wheel 19. The plate motor 28 is mounted on the seed cleaning tube 27, and the output shaft of the plate motor 28 is connected to the plate 29. The plate 29 is inserted between the housing 18 and the seed cleaning tube 27 to seal the inlet of the seed cleaning tube 27.

[0031] Before sowing, use a wrench or other tools to rotate the bushing 24. The bushing 24, through multiple connecting plates, drives multiple shielding plates 23 to rotate along the surrounding plate of the inner wheel 19. This causes the shielding plates 23 to block several rings of seed suction holes in the multiple sets of suction holes, ensuring that the number of unblocked suction holes is the same as the number of seeds per hole. The properly weighted seeds in the seed box 5 are then fed into the space enclosed by the seed discharging chamber of the shell 18 and the inner wheel 19 through the hose and the seed adding tube 21. The drive box of the frame 1 drives the inner wheel 19 to rotate. The air suction machine on the frame 1 extracts the air outside the seed discharging chamber of the shell 18 through the three-way valve 25 and the suction pipe 26, creating a low-pressure area outside the seed discharging chamber of the shell 18, thus making the inner wheel 19... Each suction hole picks up one seed. When the rotating inner disc 19 rotates the picked-up seeds to the top of the seed discharging chamber of the housing 18, the shielding block 20 blocks the suction hole from the outer surface of the inner disc 19's enclosure, causing the picked-up seeds to fall onto the input end of the seed discharging tube 22 and enter the seeding tube 3 along the hose for sowing. After one plot is sown, the three-way valve 25 switches to connect the seed cleaning tube 27 to the air suction machine of the frame 1. The insert plate motor 28 runs to remove the insert plate 29 from the input port of the seed cleaning tube 27, so that the seed cleaning tube 27 quickly clears the residual seeds on the enclosure of the inner disc 19 and discharges the residual seeds into the waste seed box, realizing precise seed discharging, flexible adjustment of the number of effective suction holes, and automatic seed cleaning.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, this invention discloses a magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding. During operation, before sowing, seeds of different varieties are first placed into multiple seed compartments of two multi-compartment seed boxes 4 in a specific order. Rotating the bushing 24 causes multiple shielding plates 23 to block several rings of seed suction holes, allowing for flexible adjustment of the number of suction holes. During sowing, the frame 1 is connected to a tractor, and the drive box on the frame 1 is connected to the tractor's transfer case. The tractor pulls the frame 1 into the small-area breeding plot. Then, the drive motor 17 drives the sprocket 15 to rotate, which in turn drives the chain 16. The chain 16, through a connecting piece, drives the slider. 14 moves along slide rail 13, aligning the corresponding seeding compartments of the multi-compartment seed box 4 with the seeding shaft 7. Chain 16, via connector, drives slide 12 along two slide rails 11, bringing the multi-compartment seed box 4 closer to the seeding shaft 7. The seeding shaft 7 inserts into the output port of the seeding compartment of the multi-compartment seed box 4, blocking the sliding cover 9. Cylinder 10 inserts into the locking hole of the sliding cover 9. The seeding motor 8 drives the seeding shaft 7 to rotate. The multiple seed-taking holes of the seeding shaft 7 simultaneously and equally distribute the seeds from the seeding compartments of the multi-compartment seed box 4 into multiple seeding boxes 5. Afterwards, the multi-compartment seed box 4 disengages from the seeding shaft 7 and resets. Cylinder 10 hooks the sliding cover 9, causing the sliding cover 9 to hold the multi-compartment seed box... The output port of the seeding compartment 4 is closed. Then, when the frame 1 reaches the sowing plot, the drive assembly of multiple flippers 6 is operated to flip and stand the multiple flippers 6 upright, and the weighed seeds from multiple seed boxes 5 are put into the space enclosed by the seed discharging chamber and the inner wheel 19 of the shell 18 through the hose and the seed feeding tube 21. The drive box of the frame 1 drives the inner wheel 19 to rotate. The air suction machine on the frame 1 extracts the air outside the seed discharging chamber of the shell 18 through the three-way valve 25 and the air suction pipe 26, so that each suction hole of the inner wheel 19 sucks up a seed. When the rotating inner wheel 19 drives the sucked seeds to rotate to the top of the seed discharging chamber of the shell 18, the shielding block 20 is pulled out from the inside. The outer surface of the plate of the disc 19 blocks the seed suction hole, causing the sucked seeds to fall onto the input end of the seed metering pipe 22 and enter the seeding pipe 3 along the hose for sowing. The tractor travels in the sowing area to sow seeds. Multiple disc seed meterers accurately pick up the seeds and evenly put them into multiple seeding pipes 3. Multiple seeding pipes 3 sow the seeds into the soil. After the last area is sown, the three-way valve 25 switches to connect the seed cleaning pipe 27 to the air suction machine of the frame 1. The insert plate motor 28 runs to remove the insert plate 29 from the input port of the seed cleaning pipe 27, so that the seed cleaning pipe 27 quickly clears the residual seeds on the plate of the inner disc 19 and discharges the residual seeds into the waste seed box.

[0033] The main functions achieved by this invention are:

[0034] 1. It can automatically measure and mix experimental seeds, reducing workload and making it highly practical;

[0035] 2. It can flexibly adjust the number of rotations of the seed suction holes on the wheel, with low limitations.

[0036] The present invention discloses a cellar-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding. Its installation, connection, or setting methods are all common mechanical methods, and any method that can achieve its beneficial effects can be implemented. The frame 1, operating table 2, seeding tube 3, seeding motor 8, cylinder 10, slide rail one 11, slide rail two 13, slider 14, sprocket 15, chain 16, drive motor 17, three-way valve 25, and insert plate motor 28 of the cellar-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding are commercially available. Technical personnel in this industry only need to install and operate it according to the accompanying instruction manual, without requiring any creative work from those skilled in the art.

[0037] All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cellar-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding, comprising a frame (1), an operating table (2), and seeding tubes (3), wherein a drive box is mounted on the frame (1), the operating table (2) is mounted on the upper part of the frame (1), and multiple seeding tubes (3) are mounted on the lower part of the frame (1); characterized in that, It also includes two multi-compartment seed boxes (4), multiple seed distribution boxes (5), multiple flip plates (6), a seed distribution shaft (7), a seed distribution motor (8), two seed supply mechanisms, and multiple rotary seed metering devices. The two seed supply mechanisms are installed on the left and right sides of the operating table (2), and each seed supply mechanism is equipped with a translation component and a drive component. Each of the two seed supply mechanisms is equipped with a multi-compartment seed box (4), and each of the two multi-compartment seed boxes (4) is equipped with multiple seed distribution compartments. Multiple seed distribution boxes (5) are installed in the middle of the operating table (2), and the multiple seed distribution boxes (5) are neatly arranged. The multiple seed distribution boxes (5) are connected to multiple rotary seed metering devices. The multiple rotary seed metering devices are installed on the frame (1), and each of the multiple rotary seed metering devices is equipped with an adjustment hole component. The output ends of the multiple rotary seed metering devices are respectively connected to... Multiple seeding tubes (3) are connected, and multiple flaps (6) are rotatably installed at the bottom of multiple seed boxes (5). The drive components of multiple flaps (6) extend out of the outside of the seed box (5). The seeding shaft (7) is rotatably installed in the upper middle part of multiple seed boxes (5) through two brackets. Multiple seed-taking holes are provided on the outer wall of multiple seeding shafts (7). The multiple seed-taking holes are located above multiple seed boxes (5). The seeding motor (8) is installed on the operating table (2). The output shaft of the seeding motor (8) is concentrically connected to the seeding shaft (7). An opening component is provided between the bracket of the seeding shaft (7) and the two multi-grid seed boxes (4). The seeding shaft (7) takes out the seeds in the multi-grid seed box (4) and automatically and evenly distributes them into multiple seed boxes (5). The box opening assembly includes multiple sliding covers (9) and two cylinders (10). The bottom output ports of multiple seeding compartments of the two multi-compartment seed boxes (4) are all horizontally slidably mounted with sliding covers (9). The inner side of the lower end face of the multiple sliding covers (9) is provided with a locking hole. The top of the two brackets of the seeding shaft (7) is elastically mounted with cylinders (10). The two cylinders (10) match the locking holes of the multiple sliding covers (9). The translation component includes two slide rails (11), two slide tables (12), multiple slide rails (13), and two sliders (14). The two slide rails (11) are installed in parallel on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the operating table (2). The two slide tables (12) are slidably installed on the left and right ends of the two slide rails (11) respectively through multiple sliders. Two slide rails (13) are horizontally installed on the inner wall of each of the two slide tables (12). The two multi-cell seed boxes (4) are slidably installed on the slide rails (13) on the two slide tables (12) respectively through sliders (14). The drive component is installed on the operating table (2) and the slide tables (12). The drive component drives the two slide tables (12) to move along the two slide rails (11) and drives the two multi-cell seed boxes (4) to move along the multiple slide rails (13).

2. The magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes two sprockets (15), a chain (16), and a drive motor (17). The two sprockets (15) are rotatably mounted on a bracket. The two sprockets (15) are mounted on the operating table (2) or the slide table (12) via the bracket. The chain (16) is connected to the two sprockets (15) via a set. The chain (16) is connected to the slide table (12) or the slider (14) via a connector. The drive motor (17) is mounted on the bracket of the sprockets (15). The output shaft of the drive motor (17) is connected to the sprockets (15) for transmission.

3. The magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disc seed metering device includes a housing (18), an inner disc (19), a shielding block (20), an adjusting hole assembly, a seed feeding tube (21), a seed metering tube (22), and an air suction mechanism. The air suction mechanism includes an air suction assembly and a seed cleaning assembly. The housing (18) is mounted on a frame (1). The inner wall of the housing (18) is provided with a seed metering chamber. The inner disc (19) is located in the seed metering chamber of the housing (18). The inner disc (19) is provided with a sealed end cap and a cylindrical surrounding plate. The end cap of the inner disc (19) is connected to the rear end of the housing (18) via a rotating shaft. The cover is rotated and sealed in the middle. The shaft of the inner wheel (19) is driven by the drive box of the frame (1). The front end of the enclosure is in sealed sliding contact with the front inner wall of the seed dispensing chamber of the shell (18). Multiple sets of seed suction holes are evenly arranged on the enclosure of the inner wheel (19). Each set of seed suction holes is provided with multiple inclined seed suction holes. The hole adjustment assembly is driven by the shaft of the inner wheel (19). The hole adjustment assembly is slidably connected to the outer surface of the enclosure of the inner wheel (19). The hole adjustment assembly covers multiple sets of seed suction holes respectively. The covering block (20) is installed on the shell. The top of the seeding chamber of (18) has a shielding block (20) with its lower end face slidingly contacting the outer surface of the inner wheel plate (19). The input end of the seeding tube (21) is connected to the output end of the seed box (5) via a flexible tube. The output end of the seeding tube (21) extends through the front end plate of the housing (18) into the middle of the inner wheel plate (19) in the seeding chamber of the housing (18). The input end of the seeding tube (22) extends through the front end plate of the housing (18) into the top of the seeding chamber of the housing (18). The input end of the seeding tube (22) is located at... Below the shielding block (20), the rear side wall of the input end of the seed metering tube (22) slides in contact with the inner wall of the inner wheel (19) enclosure. The output end of the seed metering tube (22) is connected to the seeding tube (3) through a hose. The suction mechanism is installed at the bottom of the housing (18) and is connected to the suction machine on the frame (1). The suction assembly is connected to the bottom of the seed metering chamber of the housing (18). The input end of the seed cleaning assembly extends into the bottom of the inner side of the inner wheel (19) enclosure. The output end of the seed cleaning assembly is connected to the waste seed box on the frame (1).

4. The magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting hole assembly includes multiple shielding plates (23) and bushings (24). The multiple shielding plates (23) slide in contact with the outer surface of the inner wheel (19) enclosure. The multiple shielding plates (23) are located between multiple sets of seed suction holes. The bushings (24) are fitted on the rotating shaft of the inner wheel (19). The bushings (24) and the rotating shaft of the inner wheel (19) are provided with a certain damping. The multiple shielding plates (23) are connected to the bushings (24) through multiple connecting plates. The outer end of the bushings (24) extends out of the rear end face of the housing (18). The outer end of the bushings (24) is provided with polygonal locking blocks.

5. A magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The suction assembly of the suction mechanism includes a three-way valve (25) and a suction pipe (26). The main channel of the three-way valve (25) is connected to the suction machine on the frame (1). One secondary channel of the three-way valve (25) is connected to the output end of the suction pipe (26). The input end of the suction pipe (26) extends from the bottom of the housing (18) into the bottom of the seed dispensing chamber of the housing (18). The input port of the suction pipe (26) is located between the housing (18) and the inner wheel (19). The other secondary channel of the three-way valve (25) is connected to the seed cleaning assembly.

6. The magazine-type rice and wheat planter for small-area breeding as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The seed cleaning component of the air intake mechanism includes a seed cleaning tube (27), a plate motor (28), and a plate (29). The side wall of the seed cleaning tube (27) is provided with a vent hole, which is connected to another secondary channel of the three-way valve (25). The lower end of the seed cleaning tube (27) is connected to the waste seed box. The upper end of the seed cleaning tube (27) is connected to the seed discharge chamber of the housing (18) through the front end plate of the housing (18). The inlet of the seed cleaning tube (27) is aligned with the bottom of the enclosure of the inner wheel (19). The plate motor (28) is installed on the seed cleaning tube (27). The output shaft of the plate motor (28) is connected to the plate (29). The plate (29) is inserted between the housing (18) and the seed cleaning tube (27) to close the inlet of the seed cleaning tube (27).

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