A solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar-driven photo-electric-thermal-chemical synergistic hydrogen production system, including a focusing component for enhancing the intensity of solar radiation; a frequency division component for dividing the solar spectrum into three sections for use by different devices; a photovoltaic waste heat utilization device for generating electricity and preheating materials using the first light beam; a photo-electrolysis device for realizing photocatalytic electrolysis hydrogen production using the second light beam and the generated electric energy; and a thermochemical reaction device for using the heat generated by the third light beam and the photothermal absorber to promote each step of the thermochemical reaction. The various chemical reactions in the system constitute a complete cycle, the net reaction is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, the energy source is solar radiation, and there is no other greenhouse gas emission in the whole process. Based on the principle of energy quality matching, the system uses different energy conversion methods to realize the step-by-step orderly conversion of solar energy to produce hydrogen, and is an efficient solar hydrogen production method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy preparation, and specifically relates to a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] With the massive consumption of fossil fuels, environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious. Vigorously developing new energy is an important path to achieve sustainable development of human society. Solar energy is a clean energy with abundant resources and is easy to collect and use. Hydrogen energy, as another low-carbon energy, has high calorific value and is pollution-free. It is an important strategic choice for humans to get rid of dependence on fossil energy and ensure energy security in the future. Using solar energy to produce hydrogen is considered to be one of the most ideal ways to produce hydrogen in the future.

[0003] At present, solar hydrogen production technologies mainly include photocatalytic water splitting system and photovoltaic-electrolysis water system. The process equipment of photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production system is simple but the efficiency is low. It only uses the photons in the ultraviolet band of the solar spectrum, and the energy of the remaining photons is not fully utilized. The efficiency of photovoltaic-electrolysis water hydrogen production system is relatively high, but it is still limited by the photoelectric conversion characteristics of traditional semiconductors. Photons with energy lower than the battery band gap cannot be absorbed and utilized.

[0004] The copper-chlorine thermochemical cycle to decompose water to produce hydrogen is a clean hydrogen production method, and the net reaction is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. It forms a cycle through a series of chemical reactions, which reduces the temperature of water decomposition and does not emit greenhouse gases in the cycle. These chemical reactions require thermal energy and electrical energy to drive, which is exactly matched with the solar energy utilization method (power generation and heat collection). Therefore, based on the principle of energy quality matching, converting full-spectrum solar radiation energy into clean hydrogen energy is an efficient solar hydrogen production method. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar-driven light-electricity-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system. The present invention uses a frequency division component to achieve frequency division of the solar spectrum, and uses a photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device, a photo-electrolysis device, and a thermochemical reaction device to achieve absorption and utilization of photons of different energies, forming a light-electricity-thermal energy synergistic hydrogen production system, which greatly improves the energy conversion efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a solar-driven light-electricity-thermochemical coordinated hydrogen production system, characterized in that it comprises: a focusing component, a frequency division component, a photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device, a light-electrolysis device, and a thermochemical reaction device;

[0008] The focusing assembly is used to focus sunlight onto the frequency division assembly to enhance the intensity of solar radiation;

[0009] The frequency division component includes a first frequency division component and a second frequency division component; the first frequency division component transmits a first light beam that can be efficiently utilized by photovoltaic cells, and reflects sunlight of other bands; the second frequency division component transmits a second light beam with higher energy for inducing photocatalytic reaction, and reflects a third light beam with thermal effect; the solar spectrum is divided into three parts according to the energy of photons and used in efficient energy conversion pathways respectively, so as to realize the full spectrum utilization of solar energy;

[0010] The photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic cell waste heat utilization device; the photovoltaic cell is located at or near the focus of the first light beam path separated by the frequency division component; it is used to receive the first light beam and convert it into electrical energy and thermal energy, the electrical energy is used for electrolysis reaction, and the photovoltaic cell waste heat utilization device recovers the thermal energy of the photovoltaic cell to preheat the reactants of the thermochemical reaction, and is located at the bottom of the photovoltaic cell;

[0011] The photo-electrolysis device is used to utilize the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device to drive the electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen and utilize the high-energy photons in the second light beam to induce the photocatalytic reaction to improve the hydrogen production efficiency, and is located at or near the focus of the second light beam path separated by the frequency division component;

[0012] The thermochemical reaction device is used to supply the energy of the third light beam to the thermochemical reaction, and provide raw materials for the electrolyte in the photo-electrolysis device for the electrolysis reaction.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the focusing component is a point-focusing Fresnel focusing lens, a trough focusing lens, a tower focusing lens or a dish focusing lens.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the frequency division component is a multilayer polymer or a semiconductor such as Si / TiO 2 / SiO 2 Stacked nanofilms or CoSO 4 For a nanofluid having metal Au / Ag / Cu nanoparticles as the solution, the specific frequency division band of the frequency division component can be adjusted.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photo-electrolysis device is provided with a transparent window to ensure the transmission of high-energy photons, and the device is provided with a photocatalyst loading station, wherein the electric energy required for the electrolysis reaction is provided by a photovoltaic cell.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte of the electrolysis reaction is CuCl / HCl solution, and the electrolysis product is H 2 and CuCl 2 The reaction equation is 2CuCl(aq)+2HCl(g)→H 2 (g)+2CuCl2 (aq);

[0017] The photocatalyst includes but is not limited to SrTiO 3 、TiO 2 , ZnS, CdS, Ru, Pt, Ni, Co and their complexes.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermochemical reaction device comprises a reflector array for reflecting the third light beam, a focusing lens for secondary focusing of the reflected solar radiation, and three thermochemical reaction chambers; the three thermochemical reaction chambers comprise a hydrolysis reaction chamber for hydrolysis reaction, a pyrolysis reaction chamber for pyrolysis reaction, and a drying reaction chamber for evaporating water; the three thermochemical reaction chambers are respectively supported and fixed with photothermal absorbers by absorber brackets;

[0019] The reflector array reflects the third light beam to each thermochemical reaction chamber;

[0020] The focusing lens is located on the top of each thermochemical reaction chamber and has different focusing ratios. It is used to perform secondary focusing on the reflected solar radiation to enhance the radiation intensity.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photothermal absorber adopts a nanophotonic crystal structure or a metal metamaterial structure, which has the ability to carry reactants while generating a photothermal effect.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermochemical reaction device uses different focusing lenses to achieve three-level heating of the three chemical reaction chambers, so that they are at different temperatures, which is conducive to the reaction;

[0023] The chemical reaction equation in the hydrolysis reaction chamber is 2CuCl 2 (s)+H 2 O(g)→2HCl(g)+Cu 2 0Cl 2 (s);

[0024] The chemical equation of the chemical reaction in the pyrolysis reaction chamber is Cu 2 OCl 2 (s)→2CuCl(l)+0.50 2 (g);

[0025] Dry the reaction chamber to remove CuCl 2 The water in the solution evaporates to form solid CuCl 2 , so that the hydrolysis reaction proceeds smoothly.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen production system can switch the second light beam between the photo-electrolysis device and the thermochemical reaction device by adjusting the position of the second frequency division component, so as to regulate the photo-electric synergistic reaction and the photo-thermal synergistic reaction.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for producing hydrogen by a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system, comprising the following steps:

[0028] 1) The focusing component gathers sunlight to the frequency dividing component; the frequency dividing component divides the gathered sunlight into a first light beam, a second light beam and a third light beam;

[0029] 2) A photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device for receiving the first light beam converts the energy of the first light beam into electrical energy for electrolysis reaction and thermal energy for preheating reactants in thermochemical reaction;

[0030] 3) The photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device transmits the generated electrical energy to the photo-electrolysis device for driving the electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen, and the photo-electrolysis device uses the high-energy photons in the second light beam to induce a photocatalytic reaction to improve the hydrogen production efficiency;

[0031] 4) The thermochemical reaction device supplies the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device and the energy of the third light beam to the thermochemical reaction, and the reaction generates electrolyte raw materials for use by the photo-electrolysis device.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The solar radiation spectrum is divided into three parts through focusing and frequency division, and is utilized through different energy conversion methods, realizing the orderly conversion of solar energy in a step-by-step manner, which is fundamentally in line with the principles of thermodynamics. Ultraviolet photons with higher energy are used to induce photocatalytic reactions to produce hydrogen, photons with lower energy are used to stimulate photovoltaic effects to generate electricity and provide energy for electrolysis reactions, and near- and mid-infrared photons with lower energy are used to generate thermal effects and supply endothermic reactions in the copper-chlorine cycle.

[0034] By using a reflector array and focusing lenses with different focusing ratios for secondary focusing, solar radiation with thermal effects is supplied to thermochemical reactions with different heat requirements, achieving reasonable heat distribution and supply, greatly reducing heat loss in a unified heat supply mode, and improving heat utilization efficiency.

[0035] Solar radiation energy is used as the energy input source and clean hydrogen energy is used as the product output. The entire process does not consume any fossil energy and does not produce any greenhouse gases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen production system for allocating ultraviolet light to an electrolysis reaction according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production system for allocating ultraviolet light to a thermochemical reaction according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1 ~ focusing component, 2a ~ first frequency division component, 2b ~ second frequency division component, 3a ~ photovoltaic cell, 3b ~ photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device, 4 ~ photo-electrolysis device, 5 ~ thermochemical reaction device, 6 ~ reflector array with a certain angle, 7a ~ first focusing lens, 7b ~ second focusing lens, 7c ~ third focusing lens, 8a ~ hydrolysis reaction chamber, 8b ~ pyrolysis reaction chamber, 8c ~ drying reaction chamber, 9a ~ first photothermal absorber, 9b ~ second photothermal absorber, 9c ~ third photothermal absorber, 10a ~ first reactant, 10b ~ second reactant, 10c ~ third reactant, 11 ~ absorber bracket, 12 ~ rotating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The embodiments are merely exemplary of the present disclosure and do not define the scope of limitation. The technical features of each embodiment of the present invention may be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system is provided, including a focusing component 1, a frequency division component 2, a photovoltaic cell 3a, a photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device 3b, a photo-electrolysis device 4, and a thermochemical reaction device 5. The thermochemical reaction device also includes a reflector array 6 with a certain angle, a focusing lens 7, a reaction chamber 8 for different thermochemical reactions, and a photothermal absorber 9, a reactant 10 and an absorber bracket 11 contained therein.

[0043] The focusing component 1 preferably adopts a point-focusing Fresnel focusing component, which is a mature and low-cost product and is used to focus sunlight to the first frequency division component 2a to enhance the radiation intensity.

[0044] The first frequency division component 2a and the second frequency division component 2b are preferably made of multilayer polymer or semiconductor such as Si / TiO 2 / SiO 2The stacked nanofilm is inexpensive and easy to design, and the spectrum frequency division characteristics are easy to adjust. It is used to divide the full spectrum of the sun into three sections, namely the first beam, the second beam and the third beam, wherein the first beam contains photons with a wavelength range of 800-1100nm for photovoltaic power generation, the second beam contains high-energy photons of 200-400nm for inducing photocatalytic reactions, and the third beam contains low-energy photons of 400-800nm ​​and above 1100nm for generating thermal effects. The frequency division components are arranged horizontally in parallel, with an angle of 45 degrees to the ground, so that the incident light path and the reflected light path are basically at right angles. The frequency division components preferably use multi-layer stacked nanofilms, which are relatively low in cost.

[0045] The photovoltaic cell 3a preferably adopts a Si cell, which is used to receive the first light beam separated by the frequency division component, generate electrical energy and thermal energy, the electrical energy is supplied to the electrolysis reaction, and the thermal energy is used by the photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device 3b. The photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device 3b adopts a water cooling platform structure, which is located at the bottom of the photovoltaic cell 3a to preheat the water required for the thermochemical reaction.

[0046] The photo-electrolysis device 4 is located at or near the focus of the second light beam path separated by the frequency division component. A transparent window is provided on the top of the device and a photocatalyst loading platform is provided inside. The photocatalyst is preferably ZnS with good performance. The high-energy photons in the second light beam are irradiated onto the surface of ZnS through the window, inducing it to react with the CuCl / HCl solution to decompose hydrogen. In addition, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic cell is introduced into the photo-electrolysis device 4 through the electrode, and the CuCl / HCl solution is electrolyzed to produce H 2 and CuCl 2 , H 2 As the product output, CuCl 2 As the reactants of the thermochemical reaction, the reaction equation is 2CuCl(aq)+2HCl(g)→H 2 (g)+2CuCl 2 (aq).

[0047] The thermochemical reaction device 5 is used to provide a place for the remaining thermochemical reactions in the copper-chlorine cycle except the electrolysis reaction. The third light beam is irradiated onto the reflector array 6 with a certain angle through the window on its side, and is reflected into three parts, which are respectively converged by the focusing lenses of the hydrolysis reaction chamber 8a, the pyrolysis reaction chamber 8b and the drying reaction chamber 8c, and then shine on the photothermal absorber and the chemical reactants therein. The photothermal absorber is supported by the absorber bracket 11, and will produce a thermal effect under the irradiation of sunlight, and its own temperature will rise, providing the required heat energy for the chemical reaction in the corresponding reaction chamber, and promoting the thermochemical reaction. The heat required for the three-step thermochemical reaction is different, so the focusing multiples of the focusing lenses of each reaction chamber are different, and are selected according to the temperature required for the specific reaction.

[0048] The chemical reaction equation occurring in the hydrolysis reaction chamber 8a is: 2CuCl 2 (s)+H 2 O(g)→2HCl(g)+Cu 2 OCl 2 (s). The first reactant 10a includes CuCl obtained from the product of the electrolytic reaction. 2 and H obtained from the photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device 3b 2 O. In the reaction chamber 8a, a part of the third light beam is converged by the first condensing lens 7a and irradiated onto the first photothermal absorber 9a, raising its temperature to 400°C. The chamber reaches thermal equilibrium and the generated heat energy is used for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed smoothly.

[0049] The pyrolysis reaction takes place in the pyrolysis reaction chamber 8b, and the second reactant 10b is the product of the hydrolysis reaction Cu 2 OCl 2 The products are CuCl and O 2 CuCl is supplied to the photo-electrolysis device 4 as a reaction raw material, O 2 As the product output, the chemical formula is Cu 2 OCl 2 (s)→2CuCl(l)+0.5O 2 (g) Since the pyrolysis reaction requires the most heat energy in this cycle, the second condensing lens 7b has the largest focusing multiple, so that the temperature of the second photothermal absorber 9b can be raised to 530°C, and the reaction chamber reaches thermal equilibrium, promoting the pyrolysis reaction.

[0050] The third reactant 10c is CuCl 2 The drying reaction chamber 8c is mainly used to convert CuCl 2 The water in the solution evaporates to form solid CuCl 2 In this reaction chamber, the focusing multiple of the third focusing lens 7c is the smallest, the temperature of the third photothermal absorber 9c is only increased to 130°C, and the chamber reaches thermal equilibrium.

[0051] The thermochemical reaction and the photo-electrochemical reaction form a complete cycle, and the net reaction is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical reaction in the system requires both thermal energy and electrical energy, which exactly matches the characteristics of solar energy utilization and realizes the cascade utilization of solar energy. The present invention first converges the sunlight, then divides the frequency and then converges it, maximizing the use of photocatalysis, photovoltaic and photothermal effects, and reducing radiation energy loss. The specific working process of the entire system is as follows:

[0052] The radiation from the sun first passes through the focusing component 1 and converges to the first frequency division component 2a. After the spectrum frequency division, the sunlight of 800-1100nm is transmitted through the frequency division component and irradiated to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 3a, so that it generates photocurrent and generates electricity, and at the same time generates a part of heat. Cooling water flows through the photovoltaic cell waste heat recovery device 3b to recover the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell and ensure the normal operation of the battery. The sunlight of the remaining bands is reflected to the second frequency division component 2b. Through frequency division, the ultraviolet photons of the 200-400nm band are reflected to the photo-electrolysis device 4 to induce photocatalytic reaction. At the same time, the photo-electrolysis device uses the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic cell to electrolyze the CuCl / HCl solution to produce hydrogen. The radiation of another part of the band is irradiated to the thermochemical reaction device 5 through the frequency division component, and is reflected to the hydrolysis reaction chamber 8a, the pyrolysis reaction chamber 8b and the drying reaction chamber 8c respectively through the reflector array 6 with a certain angle. After secondary focusing by different focusing lenses 7 on the tops of different reaction chambers, the light is irradiated onto the photothermal absorber 9, generating a large amount of heat for different endothermic reactions to proceed smoothly. Different thermochemical reactions and photo-electrochemical reactions can provide the required reactants for each, forming a complete cycle in which the net reaction is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] In a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system with UV-distributable solar energy is provided, the structure of which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that: Figure 2 As shown, a rotating motor 12 is installed at one end of the second frequency dividing component 2b, and the rotating motor 12 can drive the second frequency dividing component 2b to rotate to a horizontal position or a position with an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane, and the required electric energy is provided by the photovoltaic cell 3a.

[0055] This embodiment uses the change of the angle of the frequency division component to achieve the short-wave photocatalytic effect to switch between the thermochemical reaction and the electrolytic reaction, improve the reaction performance and increase the yield. The whole system has two working modes:

[0056] When the angle between the second frequency division component 2b and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, the sunlight reflected by the first frequency division component 2a radiates to the second frequency division component 2b. Through frequency division, the ultraviolet photons in the 200-400nm band are reflected to the photo-electrolysis device 4, and the photocatalytic reaction and the electrolysis reaction are carried out simultaneously to produce hydrogen. The radiation of another part of the band is irradiated to the thermochemical reaction device 5 through the second frequency division component 2b, and is reflected to the hydrolysis reaction chamber 8a, the pyrolysis reaction chamber 8b and the drying reaction chamber 8c respectively through the reflector array 6 with a certain angle. After secondary focusing by different focusing lenses on the top of different reaction chambers, it is irradiated to the photothermal absorber therein, generating a large amount of heat to promote the smooth progress of the thermochemical reaction.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, when the rotating motor 12 drives the second frequency division component 2b to rotate to a horizontal position, the sunlight reflected by the first frequency division component 2a is directly radiated to the thermochemical reaction device 5, and is reflected to the hydrolysis reaction chamber 8a, the pyrolysis reaction chamber 8b and the drying reaction chamber 8c respectively through the reflector array 6 with a certain angle. At this time, only electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen occurs in the photo-electrolysis device, while photo-thermochemical reactions occur in different chemical reaction chambers. The light beam after secondary focusing is irradiated to the photothermal absorber, reactants and catalysts in the reaction chamber, and ultraviolet photons excite the activity of the photocatalyst. At the same time, the photothermal absorber converts light energy into heat energy, reducing the energy barrier of the original thermochemical reaction and accelerating the process of the thermochemical reaction.

[0058] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system, characterized in that: It comprises: a light-collecting component (1), a frequency-dividing component, a photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device, a photo-electrolysis device (4), and a thermochemical reaction device (5); The light concentrator assembly (1) is used to concentrate sunlight to the frequency division assembly to enhance the intensity of solar radiation; The frequency division component comprises a first frequency division component (2a) and a second frequency division component (2b); the first frequency division component (2a) transmits a first light beam that can be efficiently utilized by photovoltaic cells, and reflects sunlight in other bands; the second frequency division component (2b) transmits a second light beam with higher energy for inducing a photocatalytic reaction, and reflects a third light beam with a thermal effect; the solar spectrum is divided into three parts according to the energy of photons and used in efficient energy conversion pathways respectively, thereby realizing full spectrum utilization of solar energy; The photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic cell waste heat utilization device; the photovoltaic cell (3a) is located at or near the focus of the first light beam path separated by the frequency division component; it is used to receive the first light beam and convert it into electrical energy and thermal energy, the electrical energy is used for electrolysis reaction, and the photovoltaic cell waste heat utilization device recovers the thermal energy of the photovoltaic cell to preheat the reactants of the thermochemical reaction, and is located at the bottom of the photovoltaic cell; The photo-electrolysis device (4) is used to utilize the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device to drive the electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen and utilize the high-energy photons in the second light beam to induce the photocatalytic reaction to improve the hydrogen production efficiency, and is located at or near the focus of the light path of the second light beam separated by the frequency division component; The thermochemical reaction device (5) is used to supply the energy of the third light beam to the thermochemical reaction, thereby providing raw materials for the electrolyte for the electrolytic reaction of the photo-electrolysis device (4); The electrolyte of the electrolysis reaction is a CuCl / HCl solution, the electrolysis products are H2 and CuCl2, and the reaction equation is 2CuCl(aq)+2HCl(g)→H2(g)+2CuCl2(aq); The thermochemical reaction device comprises a reflector array (6) for reflecting the third light beam, a focusing lens for secondary focusing the reflected solar radiation, and three thermochemical reaction chambers; the three thermochemical reaction chambers comprise a hydrolysis reaction chamber (8a) for performing a hydrolysis reaction, a pyrolysis reaction chamber (8b) for performing a pyrolysis reaction, and a drying reaction chamber (8c) for evaporating water; and the three thermochemical reaction chambers are each supported and fixed with a photothermal absorber via an absorber bracket (11); The reflector array (6) reflects the third light beam to each thermochemical reaction chamber; The focusing lens is located on the top of each thermochemical reaction chamber and has different focusing ratios, and is used to perform secondary focusing on the reflected solar radiation to enhance the radiation intensity; The thermochemical reaction device uses different focusing lenses to achieve three-level heating of the three chemical reaction chambers, so that they are at different temperatures, which is conducive to the reaction; The chemical reaction equation in the hydrolysis reaction chamber (8a) is 2CuCl2(s)+H2O(g)→2HCl(g)+Cu2OCl2(s); The chemical equation of the chemical reaction occurring in the pyrolysis reaction chamber (8b) is Cu2OCl2(s)→2CuCl(l)+0.5O2(g); The drying reaction chamber (8c) evaporates the water in the CuCl2 solution to form solid CuCl2 for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed smoothly; By adjusting the position of the second frequency division component (2b), the second light beam can be switched between the photo-electrolysis device and the thermochemical reaction device, so as to regulate the photo-electric synergistic reaction and the photo-thermal synergistic reaction; The thermochemical reaction and the photo-electrochemical reaction form a complete cycle, and the net reaction is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.

2. The solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing assembly (1) is a point-focusing Fresnel focusing lens, a trough-type focusing lens, a tower-type focusing lens or a dish-type focusing lens.

3. The solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the frequency division component is a nano film of multi-layer high molecular polymer or semiconductor stack or a nano fluid with CoSO4 as solution and metal Au / Ag / Cu as nano particles. The specific frequency division band of the frequency division component can be adjusted.

4. The solar-driven light-heat-electricity coordinated hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photo-electrolysis device is provided with a transparent window to ensure that high-energy photons can be transmitted and enter, and is provided with a photocatalyst loading platform, wherein the electric energy required for the electrolysis reaction is provided by a photovoltaic cell.

5. The solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photocatalyst includes SrTiO3, TiO2, ZnS, CdS, Ru, Pt, Ni, Co and their composites.

6. The solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photothermal absorber adopts a nanophotonic crystal structure or a metal metamaterial structure, which has the ability to carry reactants while producing a photothermal effect.

7. A method for producing hydrogen by a solar-driven photo-electric-thermochemical synergistic hydrogen production system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) The light concentrator (1) concentrates sunlight to the frequency dividing component; the frequency dividing component divides the concentrated sunlight into a first light beam, a second light beam and a third light beam; 2) A photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device for receiving the first light beam converts the energy of the first light beam into electrical energy for electrolysis reaction and thermal energy for preheating reactants in thermochemical reaction; 3) The photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device transmits the generated electrical energy to the photo-electrolysis device for driving the electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen, and the photo-electrolysis device uses the high-energy photons in the second light beam to induce a photocatalytic reaction to improve the hydrogen production efficiency; 4) The thermochemical reaction device supplies the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-waste heat utilization device and the energy of the third light beam to the thermochemical reaction, and the reaction generates electrolyte raw materials for use by the photo-electrolysis device (4).

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