A power-adjustable polymer nanofiber production device

Abstract

The application relates to a polymer nanofiber production device with adjustable power supply, a liquid tank, a receiving device, a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes for forming an electric potential difference, a base material in the receiving device passing through an electric field between the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes or being arranged in the electric field, at least one second electrode dipping polymer solution in a relative motion mode with the liquid tank and spinning the polymer solution to the receiving device based on electric field action to form a nanofiber layer; wherein the second electrode dips the polymer solution and / or spins the polymer solution to the receiving device in an intermittent power supply mode; when the second electrode moves into the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the second electrode is powered off; when the second electrode moves out of the polymer solution in the liquid tank completely or partially, the second electrode is powered on. Through the intermittent power supply setting, the second electrode is powered off when the polymer solution is dipped, which is beneficial to uniform adhesion of the polymer solution on the second electrode.

Description

[0001] The original basis of the divisional application is the patent application with application number 202110365359.9, application date April 6, 2021, and invention name "A device and method for producing high molecular nanofiber", which claims the priority of the patent application with application number 202110213311.6, priority date February 23, 2021. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of nanofiber material preparation, in particular to a high molecular nanofiber production device with adjustable power supply. BACKGROUND

[0003] Electrospinning is a process of spinning polymer solution under high voltage static electricity. Electrospinning can produce fibers with diameters of tens to hundreds of nanometers, and the products have high porosity, large specific surface area, diversified composition and uniform diameter distribution, and have high application value in the fields of biomedicine, environmental engineering and textiles.

[0004] The principle of electrospinning is that the polymer solution or melt is charged with several thousand to tens of thousands of volts of high voltage static electricity. The charged polymer droplets are accelerated at the top of the Taylor cone of the capillary under the action of electric field force. When the electric field force is large enough, the polymer droplets overcome the surface tension to form a jet stream. In the process of jet stream spraying, the solvent evaporates or solidifies, and finally falls on the receiving device to form a fiber felt similar to non-woven fabric.

[0005] The device of electrospinning mainly consists of a push pump, a syringe, a high-voltage power supply and a receiving device. Among them, the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power supply are respectively connected with the syringe needle and the receiving device, and the form of the receiving device is also diversified, which can be a stationary plane, a high-speed rotating roller or a disc. The parameter setting of spinning, environmental conditions and other factors are crucial to the spinning process.

[0006] Currently, the high-voltage electrospinning forms mainly include needle type and wire electrode liquid coating type. The process of spinning by using the needle type electrospinning device is as follows: the solution passes through the needle with positive high voltage under the assistance of a push pump, the receiving end is grounded or connected to negative high voltage, the solution forms a Taylor cone at the tip of the needle under the action of the electric field, and the fiber filament is obtained by extending from the tip of the cone. However, the needle type electrospinning device has the disadvantages of uneven spatial distribution of spinning, troublesome installation / cleaning of the needle, easy clogging of the needle, and easy dripping during the spinning process. The process of spinning by using the wire electrode liquid coating type electrospinning device is as follows: the solution is coated on the wire electrode with positive high voltage by a movement mechanism, the receiving end is grounded or connected to negative high voltage, and the solution is spun under the action of the electric field. However, the wire electrode liquid coating type electrospinning device has the disadvantages of low coating efficiency, uneven coating, troublesome cleaning of the coating device, and low efficiency of the movement mechanism. Therefore, how to provide an electrospinning device with high spinning efficiency, uniform spinning, convenient liquid supply, and easy cleaning is a technical problem to be solved at present.

[0007] However, there are many forms of electrodes and liquid coating methods at present, and these methods have more or less some disadvantages.

[0008] For example, the patent document CN111005077A discloses a string core type multi-needle electrospinning device, which further comprises:

[0009] An electrospinning nozzle, a liquid supply device, the liquid supply device is in communication with the solution channel through a conduit;

[0010] A high-voltage power supply, the positive electrode of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the electrode plate, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply is grounded; and a collection plate, the collection plate is grounded and used for installing a substrate. Wherein, the electrospinning nozzle is made of a shell of insulating material, the shell is provided with a solution channel and a plurality of jet hole holes perpendicular to the solution channel; the spinning jet device comprises an electrode plate and a discharge needle arranged on the electrode plate, the discharge needle is provided with a needle tip; the shell is mounted on the electrode plate, and the discharge needle is connected with the inner wall of the jet hole hole in a gap fit.

[0011] In the patent, the needle type electrode needle is easy to be clogged, easy to drip during the generation of high molecular nanofiber, and has high requirements for the needle, and has the disadvantages of uneven spatial distribution of spinning, troublesome installation / cleaning of the needle, easy clogging of the needle, and easy dripping during the spinning process.

[0012] For example, patent document CN104593440A discloses an electrostatic spinning device for batch production of polymer nanofibers, characterized in that it comprises a liquid storage tank for storing spinning solution or melt, a plurality of metal wires are arranged in the liquid storage tank, the metal wires are connected with a metal wire driving mechanism and can move upward to a position above the liquid surface of the spinning solution or melt under the driving of the metal wire driving mechanism and then drop into the spinning solution or melt from the position, the metal wires are connected with the positive electrode of a high-voltage static generator, the negative electrode of the high-voltage static generator is connected with a fiber felt receiving device, and the fiber felt receiving device is located directly above the liquid storage tank. In the patent, the driving mechanism at both ends of the metal wire is not limited and is generally a metal device. In the process of obtaining the spinning solution, the driving device inevitably contacts the spinning solution and gets stained with the spinning solution, which will cause the spinning solution to accumulate over time. Therefore, the driving device needs to be regularly cleaned of the spinning solution solidification, which affects the production efficiency and also causes waste of the spinning solution. Moreover, the metal device will be affected by the high-voltage electric field during operation to generate different small electric fields, which will interfere with the spinning process of the spinning solution at both ends of the metal wire and cause poor spinning effect and uneven spinning density at the corresponding positions. In the case of high-voltage electricity on the metal wire itself, driving the metal wire to move itself is risky. Not only is it easy to cause spark risk and even fire risk due to the pointed end of the slender geometry, but it is also a technical problem to isolate the mechanism for driving the metal wire from the metal wire with high-voltage electricity.

[0013] In the prior art, how to improve the uniformity of the spinning density by matching the movement of the metal wire, the concentration of the viscous liquid and the parameters of the high voltage is also a problem that has not been solved.

[0014] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding of the technical personnel in the art, and on the other hand, the inventors have studied a large number of documents and patents when making the invention, but due to the limited space, all the details and contents are not listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have these features of the prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art in the background art. SUMMARY

[0015] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a device for producing high-molecular nanofibers, which comprises at least a liquid tank, a receiving device, and a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes forming an electric potential difference, the substrate in the receiving device passes through or is arranged in the electric field between the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes, the liquid tank reciprocates relative to at least one of the second electrodes, and in the process of the second electrode contacting and / or separating from the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the polymer solution dipped by the second electrode is sprayed to the substrate based on the electric field to form a nanofiber layer.

[0016] Preferably, the second electrode and the liquid tank reciprocate in a manner of approaching motion or moving away motion.

[0017] Preferably, at least one moving assembly for adjusting the position of the second electrode is composed of at least one non-electromagnetic component which is less affected by the electric field, so that the driving mechanism for providing driving force for the moving assembly is isolated in an area with reduced electric field interference.

[0018] Preferably, the moving assembly is arranged around the end of the liquid tank in a manner that the second electrode reciprocates in the vertical direction, and the liquid tank is raised or lowered in the vertical direction by at least one lifting mechanism, so that the second electrode moves relative to the second electrode in the vertical direction which is static or in motion.

[0019] Preferably, the moving assembly is arranged around the end of the liquid tank in a manner that the second electrode reciprocates in a non-vertical direction, and the liquid tank is raised or lowered by at least one lifting mechanism at a motion frequency matching the reciprocating frequency of the second electrode, so that the second electrode contacts and dips the polymer solution in the liquid tank.

[0020] Preferably, the liquid tank is an independent liquid tank or comprises at least two independent sub-tanks, and a plurality of second electrodes respectively dip the polymer solution in a manner of relative motion with the liquid tank or the sub-tanks.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of second electrodes respectively dip the polymer solution in the liquid tank or different sub-tanks in an alternating motion manner; and / or a plurality of second electrodes dip the polymer solution in at least one sub-tank in an alternating motion manner.

[0022] Preferably, in the case of simultaneous motion of the second electrode and the liquid tank, the second electrode and the liquid tank move towards each other so that the second electrode contacts the polymer solution in the liquid tank, and the second electrode and the liquid tank move away from each other so that the second electrode separates from the polymer solution in the liquid tank.

[0023] Preferably, the second electrode starts spinning when the polymer solution is exposed in whole or in part.

[0024] The application also provides a method for producing high-molecular nanofiber, which comprises at least the following steps: passing a substrate in a receiving device through an electric field between a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, or arranging the substrate in the electric field, and reciprocating the liquid tank relative to at least one of the second electrodes, and in the process of contacting and / or separating the second electrode and the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the polymer solution dipped by the second electrode is sprayed to the substrate based on the electric field to form a nanofiber layer.

[0025] The application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The principle of the application is simple and easy to implement, the second electrode can easily dip the polymer solution, and the high-molecular nanofiber formed has reliable quality, uniformity, wide operability, wide application range, and standardized technical operation process.

[0027] The polymer solution is conveniently applied on the surface of the second electrode by using the surface tension of the liquid.

[0028] The solution applied on the surface of the second electrode is more uniform.

[0029] Any part of the second electrode dipped in the polymer solution can spin, and the spinning efficiency is high.

[0030] The second electrode dipped in the polymer solution part spins at the same time, and the receiving device collects more uniformly.

[0031] No other device interferes with the spinning process, reducing the loss of the polymer solution.

[0032] By arranging the non-electromagnetic moving assembly, the surrounding environment exposed to the polymer solution is isolated to form an environment with low electric field interference. The metal equipment directly driven by electric power is arranged in the peripheral environment of the liquid tank of the polymer solution, so that the polymer solution and the electronic equipment around it are subjected to as little other electric field interference as possible. Further reducing the influence of the equipment at both ends of the second electrode on the electric field of the nearby polymer solution makes the spinning density of the edge of the spinning fiber layer more uniform and of better quality, and reduces the waste of edge materials that cannot be used in the spinning industry, which is more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device for producing high-molecular nanofiber of the application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the device for producing high-molecular nanofiber of the application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the top angle of the liquid pool of the device for producing polymer nanofiber of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic view of one of the side angles of the liquid pool of the device for producing polymer nanofiber of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of one of the implementation states of the liquid pool of the device for producing polymer nanofiber of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic view of one of the preferred implementation ways of the relative movement of the second electrode;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic view of another preferred implementation way of the relative movement of the second electrode;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic view of one of the preferred implementation ways of the relative movement of the liquid pool;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic view of another preferred implementation way of the relative movement of the liquid pool;

[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic view of one of the preferred implementation ways of the alternate spinning of the second electrode;

[0043] Figure 11 is a schematic view of one of the preferred implementation ways of the relative movement of the second electrode and the liquid pool;

[0044] Figure 12 is a schematic view of one of the preferred implementation ways of the relative movement of the second electrode and the liquid pool.

[0045] List of reference signs

[0046] 1: electrode chamber; 2: liquid pool; 3: first electrode; 4: second electrode; 5: polymer solution; 7: receiving device; 11: lifting mechanism; 41: first moving assembly; 42: second moving assembly; 61: first conveying device; 62: second conveying device; 91: first pulley; 92: second pulley; 93: connecting belt; 94: driving mechanism; 95: connecting assembly; A: spinning state; B: liquid taking state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The present application provides a device and method for producing polymer nanofiber.

[0049] The second electrode in the present application is made of a conductive metal, including a metal wire, a metal sheet, a metal mesh, a metal cage, and any device made of metal.

[0050] Preferably, the second electrode is arranged in a flat structure, which can avoid the polymer in the second electrode from gathering, and is more conducive to the uniform dispersion of the polymer solution in each position of the second electrode. After being electrified, the polymer solution on the second electrode is emitted from high potential to low potential, and is intercepted by the substrate in the receiving device and deposited on the substrate to form nanofibers.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] As shown in Figures 1-5 , a device for generating high-molecular nanofibers includes at least a liquid tank 2, a receiving device 7, and a plurality of first electrodes 3 and a plurality of second electrodes 4 forming a potential difference.

[0053] The receiving device 7 includes a substrate and a plurality of conveying assemblies. As shown in Figure 1 , the conveying assemblies at both ends of the substrate include a first conveying assembly 61 and a second conveying assembly 62. For example, the two ends of the substrate are controlled and moved by at least two pairs of unpowered rollers, so as to receive the nanofibers sprayed from the second electrode to form a nanofiber layer.

[0054] The moving state of the substrate includes parameters related to movement, such as static time, moving speed, moving time, and the like.

[0055] Preferably, the plurality of first electrodes 3 are arranged in the electrode chamber 1. The arrangement of the plurality of first electrodes 3 is not limited, which can be arranged in a regular array or in an irregular manner. The receiving device is arranged between the plurality of first electrodes 3 and the plurality of second electrodes 4. The potential of the electric field between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is not limited, which can be higher in the first electrode than in the second electrode, or higher in the second electrode than in the first electrode.

[0056] The plurality of second electrodes 4 are moved relative to the liquid tank 2 by at least one moving assembly. As shown in Figure 2 , the first moving assembly 41 and the second moving assembly 42 are arranged at both ends of the second electrode, respectively. In the case that the first electrode and the second electrode form a potential difference, the polymer solution on the second electrode is sprayed from the second electrode to the substrate based on the action of the high-voltage electric field to form a nanofiber layer. When the moving assembly controls the horizontal movement of the second electrode, the smooth movement makes the polymer solution 5 on the second electrode 4 not tilt and flow due to the vibration in the movement.

[0057] In this invention, the second electrode is first immersed in the polymer solution in a de-energized state. When the second electrode leaves the polymer solution, or when all or part of the second electrode dipped in the polymer solution is exposed from the polymer solution in the tank, electricity is applied, causing the polymer solution adhering to the surface of the second electrode to be sprayed onto the substrate.

[0058] In existing technologies, the moving components at both ends of the second electrode are driving devices positioned close to the electrode, such as metal-containing driving devices directly driven by electricity. Furthermore, the devices around the second electrode that are susceptible to electric field interference include at least electrical components, motors, etc. The second electrode and the polymer solution in the tank containing the polymer solution are charged, and the resulting electric field can cause slight deviations in the electrical components, leading to measurement errors or malfunctions and shortened service life.

[0059] For example, the second electrode is fixed at both ends by metal fixing components, and its movement is controlled by a motor and a metal rod. The polymer solution forms textile nanofibers under the influence of a high-voltage electric field, and the voltage between the first and second electrodes reaches hundreds of thousands of volts. Both the moving component and the polymer solution in the liquid tank are susceptible to interference and influence from the high-voltage electricity. Even if the voltage of the metal moving component itself does not reach hundreds of thousands of volts, its own voltage will still affect the polymer solution at both ends of the second electrode, causing the polymer solution to flow slightly due to the electric field between the moving component and the second electrode. This slight flow will obviously make the polymer solution near the moving component at both ends of the second electrode uneven, further affecting the uneven density of the nanofibers formed by the polymer solution at both ends of the second electrode. When the moving component also enters the polymer solution, its own electric field will also affect the uneven distribution of polymer concentration, resulting in uneven polymer concentration at both ends of the second electrode. Therefore, uneven density and poor quality will always appear at the edges of the nanofiber fabric.

[0060] Furthermore, the equipment surrounding the polymer solution contains multiple high-voltage devices, and the moving high-voltage electrodes themselves constitute high-risk components for tip discharge. The polymer solution is also easily flammable due to frictional sparks from the equipment. This increases the difficulty and cost of safety control in textile production.

[0061] Due to this deficiency, the moving components at both ends of the second electrode of the present invention are non-electromagnetic moving components. That is, the moving components are not metal devices or electromagnetic devices affected by an electric field. The specific mechanical structure of the non-electromagnetic moving components is not limited; they can be pulley structures or non-electrically driven moving machinery, as long as they have the function of moving. For example... Figures 6-12As shown, the movable component of the present invention is preferably a pulley assembly. The two pulley assemblies fix the two ends of the second electrode by an insulated rope, and the two pulley assemblies stretch the second electrode into a taut state, so that the second electrode extends straight in the horizontal plane. Therefore, when the second electrode dips into the polymer solution, the polymer solution is less likely to flow due to the tilt of the second electrode.

[0062] Preferably, some of the pulleys in the pulley assembly can also be made of non-metallic materials. The pulley assembly is connected to the roller assembly via a connecting belt and controls the relative movement of the pulley assembly and the second electrode.

[0063] Preferably, the pulley assembly includes a first pulley 91 and a second pulley 92. The first pulley 91 is fixedly connected to the end of the second electrode, and the second pulley 92 is connected to or wound around the first pulley 91 via a rope. The second pulley 92 is connected to at least one drive mechanism 94 via at least one connecting assembly 95 and a connecting belt 93. The drive mechanism 94 is located away from the liquid tank.

[0064] This configuration ensures that the moving components around the second electrode do not interfere with the electric field of the polymer solution, and the drive mechanism 94, which could potentially interfere with the electric field, is located away from the polymer solution. Therefore, the moving components of this invention do not cause interference with the second electrode due to uneven distribution or density of the polymer solution, resulting in a uniform distribution of the polymer solution on the surface of the second electrode, more uniform fiber density at both ends of the substrate, and higher quality textiles.

[0065] The advantage of this invention, which incorporates non-electromagnetic moving components, lies in isolating the environment surrounding the polymer solution into a non-electromagnetic equipment area. This ensures the polymer is only affected by the electric field between the first and second electrodes, resulting in better polymer solution spraying. The reduction in electrical equipment around the polymer solution enhances production safety, leading to less response time for equipment controlling production safety and significantly lowering safety control costs in the textile industry.

[0066] During the spinning process, the completion time of one spinning cycle does not exceed twenty seconds. Therefore, reducing the electromagnetic influence on the moving component is more conducive to controlling the spinning movement time of the second electrode, so that the polymer solution of the second electrode can be accurately sprayed onto the substrate of the receiving device at a preset distance and time, resulting in a more consistent density of the nanofiber layer, that is, more uniform and better quality.

[0067] Current technology typically uses electric pumps to replenish polymer solutions in the liquid tank. However, this method has a drawback: it requires insulation between the motor and the pump head, such as through an insulated coupling. Without this insulation, all components in contact with the solution during the supply process will become energized, posing a safety hazard and shortening the lifespan of the supply motor.

[0068] Preferably, the present invention uses a pneumatic pump to replenish the polymer solution in the liquid tank, thereby isolating the second electrode and the high voltage of the liquid tank from the external environment, further reducing the impact of the high voltage of the liquid tank on the high voltage of the external environment.

[0069] Specifically, at least one second electrode 4 dips into the polymer solution in a manner that moves relative to the liquid tank 2 and is spun into the receiving device 7 based on the action of an electric field to form a nanofiber layer. When the second electrode is horizontally positioned, the polymer solution can be more uniformly directed onto the substrate, thereby resulting in a more uniform density of the formed nanofiber layer.

[0070] Preferably, the second electrode 4 dips into the polymer solution while energized. The liquid tank 2 is intermittently energized due to its contact with the second electrode 4 based on their relative movement.

[0071] For example, when the second electrode 4 moves to contact the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the liquid tank 2 is energized. When the second electrode 4 is removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the liquid tank 2 is de-energized.

[0072] The second electrode dipping method of the present invention ensures that the liquid in the liquid tank becomes charged and generates an electric field only when the second electrode enters the liquid tank below and dips into the solution, thereby reducing the influence of the liquid tank on the surrounding electronic devices.

[0073] Preferably, the second electrode 4 is used to dip into the polymer solution and / or spin the solution into the receiving device 7 in an intermittent energizing manner.

[0074] For example, when the second electrode 4 moves into the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 is de-energized. When the second electrode 4 is completely or partially removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 is energized.

[0075] The advantage of intermittent energization is that the power is cut off when the polymer solution is dipped in, which helps the polymer solution to adhere evenly to the second electrode. Energizing when the second electrode is within a preset distance from the receiving device further facilitates that the polymer solution on the second electrode can be sprayed in a similar state and density when it reaches the substrate, thus making it easier for the substrate and the spinning process to form a nanofiber layer with a uniform density.

[0076] Typically, the second electrode is made of metal, and the operating voltage is generally between 50,000 and 70,000 volts. The width of the substrate is usually 0.5 to 2 meters. The length of the second electrode varies depending on the width of the substrate. Preferably, the length of the second electrode is about 0.5 meters longer than the width of the substrate. That is, the second electrode is a metal rod or wire with a voltage as high as hundreds of thousands of volts. During the dipping process, the polymer solution on its surface must overcome the surface tension of the polymer solution, the influence of the high voltage, and the effect of gravity to be successfully dipped onto the second electrode. Therefore, the diameter of the second electrode and the viscosity range of the polymer solution can affect the distribution effect of the polymer solution obtained by the second electrode through dipping.

[0077] Preferably, when spinning is performed by raising and lowering 10 second electrodes, the translational speed of the substrate is about 3 to 5 m / min.

[0078] The surface of the second electrode is smooth and has certain tension strength requirements. The metal wire is tightened to ensure that the entire second electrode remains on the same horizontal plane as much as possible during the liquid application process.

[0079] The polymer solution of the present invention preferably contains the following high molecular weight compounds: polypropylene, polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, polyvinyl lactone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, chitosan, water-soluble chitosan, sodium alginate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polylactic acid, polyamide, polyimide, polyarylamide, polybenzimidazole, and polyethylene terephthalate. Ester, polypropylene, polyaniline, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, styrene-butadiene rubber, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylbutene, and copolymers or derivatives thereof; any one or a combination of at least two of polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, cellulose acetate, polysulfone or polyethersulfone; cellulose diacetate; any one or a combination of at least two of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, acetone, butanone or dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.

[0080] The spinning solvent in the polymer solution of the present invention is preferably any one or a combination of at least two of the following: tetrachlorofuran, THF, DMF, dichloromethane, ethanol, trichloroacetic acid, formic acid, acetone, water, acid ester, and acetic acid.

[0081] The polymer solution of the present invention has a high viscosity, and the second electrode is linear, which makes the amount of polymer solution adhering to the second electrode not accumulate, thus not meeting the conditions for liquid accumulation and dripping.

[0082] Because the second electrode is charged, the polymer solution adhering to it is also charged. The charged molecules in the polymer solution within the liquid tank are acted upon by gravity and the high-voltage electric field, causing the spun fibers to deposit upwards, thus preventing the liquid adhering to the second electrode from dripping downwards. Since the second electrode is positioned laterally, spinning occurs simultaneously at various points on the electrode, improving the uniformity of lateral spinning. Furthermore, longitudinal spinning uniformity is ensured by setting appropriate lifting and lowering frequencies and substrate movement speeds. Uniformity can be verified through electron microscopy and online air permeability testing, with specific results reflected in the product's porosity, filtration efficiency, and service life.

[0083] Preferably, a plurality of second electrodes 4 are spun into the receiving device 7 in an alternating motion.

[0084] Alternatively, several second electrodes 4 may be spun into the receiving device 7 in a synchronous motion.

[0085] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the two second electrodes move alternately. During the time when one second electrode is de-energized from the other, the spinning process is carried out by the energized electrode. The alternating movement of the two second electrodes significantly improves spinning efficiency.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown, the liquid tank 2 includes at least two independent dispensing tanks. At least one second electrode 4 is disposed in each dispensing tank. Several second electrodes respectively dip into the polymer solution in an independent dispensing tank in a manner that moves relative to the dispensing tank.

[0087] By configuring the liquid tank into several independent dispensing tanks, the second electrode can be spun using a separate polymer solution. When a second electrode malfunctions or its spinning efficiency is low, the change in the polymer solution's volume and its rate of change can quickly identify the faulty electrode, aiding in troubleshooting.

[0088] Preferably, several second electrodes 4 are dipped into and / or spun in polymer solution in an alternating motion in independent dispensing tanks, so that the spinning on the substrate is continuous and the spinning efficiency on the substrate is improved.

[0089] Preferably, when the second electrode 4 is in a non-moving state, the liquid tank 2 moves relative to the second electrode 4, so that the second electrode 4 comes into contact with the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2 and dips into the polymer solution, or the second electrode 4 is removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2.

[0090] like Figures 8-12As shown, the liquid tank 2 is equipped with at least one lifting mechanism 11. The lifting mechanism is used to move the liquid tank in a smooth manner. The relative installation position of the lifting mechanism 11 to the liquid tank is not limited; it can be installed below the liquid tank or on the side wall of the liquid tank. The lifting mechanism enables the liquid tank to move vertically and horizontally, as well as vertically. Preferably, the lifting mechanism can be a lifting motor or a combination of other mechanical devices with the same technical effect.

[0091] Preferably, when the second electrode 4 moves relative to the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 moves towards the liquid tank 2, thereby moving the second electrode 4 into the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2. The second electrode 4 moves away from the liquid tank 2, thereby removing the second electrode 4 from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2. Preferably, the moving towards or relative to the liquid tank 2 can be performed simultaneously or not simultaneously.

[0092] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the second electrode and the liquid tank move relative to each other simultaneously. The second electrode 4 moves towards the liquid tank 2, allowing the second electrode to contact the polymer solution in the liquid tank. When spinning is required, the second electrode 4 and the liquid tank 2 move away from each other in opposite directions, causing the second electrode to disengage from the polymer solution.

[0093] The second electrode 4 moves simultaneously with the liquid tank 2, which can shorten the distance and time required for the second electrode to pick up the polymer solution, and further improve the spinning efficiency.

[0094] Preferably, when the liquid tank 2 is in a stationary state, the second electrode 4 moves relative to the liquid tank 2, thereby moving the second electrode 4 into the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2. Alternatively, the second electrode 4 can be removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2. Moving only the second electrode avoids sloshing of the solution in the liquid tank during the movement, ensuring that the amount of polymer solution obtained at each position of the second electrode is the same, and that the spinning time at each part of the second electrode is the same or approximately the same, which is more conducive to the uniform density of the formed nanofiber layer and the uniform distribution of nanopores.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] This embodiment is a further explanation of embodiment 1, and repeated content will not be repeated.

[0097] The present invention also provides a method for producing polymer nanofibers, the method comprising at least:

[0098] The substrate in the receiving device is arranged in such a way that it passes through an electric field between a plurality of first electrodes 3 and a plurality of second electrodes 4, or the substrate in the receiving device is arranged in an electric field, and at least one second electrode 4 dips into a polymer solution in a manner that moves relative to the liquid tank 2 and spins it toward the receiving device 7 based on the action of the electric field to form a nanofiber layer.

[0099] The second electrode 4 is used to pick up the polymer solution by intermittently applying current.

[0100] When the second electrode 4 moves to contact the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 is de-energized; when the second electrode 4 is removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 is energized.

[0101] Several second electrodes 4 are used to dip into and / or spin polymer solutions in an alternating motion.

[0102] The liquid tank 2 includes at least two independent dispensing tanks, and at least one second electrode 4 is disposed in each dispensing tank. Several second electrodes 4 respectively dip into the polymer solution in the independent dispensing tanks in a manner that moves relative to the dispensing tanks.

[0103] Several second electrodes 4 are respectively dipped into polymer solutions and / or spun in an alternating motion in independent dispensing tanks.

[0104] When the second electrode 4 moves relative to the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 moves towards the liquid tank 2, thereby contacting the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2. When the second electrode 4 moves away from the liquid tank 2, the second electrode 4 separates from the polymer solution in the liquid tank 2 and is then spun.

[0105] Spinning begins when the second electrode 4 is fully or partially exposed to the polymerization solution.

[0106] The moving components at both ends of the second electrode 4 are non-electromagnetic moving components that do not generate electric field interference to the polymer solution.

[0107] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0108] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0109] This specification contains multiple inventive concepts, and the applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept. The specification contains multiple inventive concepts, and terms such as "preferredly," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally" indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications based on each inventive concept.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing polymer nanofibers with adjustable energization, comprising a liquid tank, a receiving device, and a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes forming a potential difference, wherein a substrate in the receiving device passes through or is arranged within the electric field between the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes, characterized in that, At least one second electrode dips into the polymer solution in a manner that is relative to the liquid tank and is spun into the receiving device based on the action of an electric field to form a nanofiber layer; wherein... The second electrode is intermittently energized to dip into the polymer solution and / or spin it into the receiving device; When the second electrode moves into the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the second electrode is de-energized; when the second electrode is completely or partially removed from the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the second electrode is energized. The liquid tank is intermittently energized based on its contact with the second electrode due to relative movement. The liquid in the tank will only become charged and generate an electric field when the second electrode enters the liquid tank below and dips into the solution. When the second electrode moves to contact the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the liquid tank is energized; when the second electrode moves out of the polymer solution in the liquid tank, the liquid tank is de-energized. The drive mechanism for at least one moving component used to adjust the position of the second electrode is located away from the liquid tank; The moving components at both ends of the second electrode are non-electromagnetic moving components, so that the moving components around the second electrode do not have electric field interference with the polymer solution, and the drive mechanism that provides driving force to the moving components is isolated in a region less affected by electric field interference. The moving components at both ends of the second electrode are pulley assemblies. The two pulley assemblies fix the two ends of the second electrode by an insulated rope, and the two pulley assemblies stretch the second electrode into a taut state, so that the second electrode extends straight in the horizontal plane. Therefore, when the second electrode dips into the polymer solution, the polymer solution is less likely to flow due to the tilt of the second electrode.

2. The electrically adjustable polymer nanofiber production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulley assembly includes a first pulley and a second pulley; The first pulley is fixedly connected to the end of the second electrode, and the second pulley is connected to the first pulley via a rope or wrapped around it. The second pulley is connected to at least one drive mechanism via at least one connecting component and a connecting belt.

3. The electrically adjustable polymer nanofiber production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid tank is an independent liquid tank or includes at least two independent liquid distribution tanks. Several second electrodes are respectively dipped into the polymer solution in a manner that moves relative to the independent liquid tank or the dispensing tank.

4. The electrically adjustable polymer nanofiber production device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Several second electrodes are respectively dipped into the polymer solution in an alternating motion within independent liquid tanks or different dispensing tanks; and / or Several second electrodes dip into the polymer solution in an alternating motion within at least one dispensing tank.

5. The electrically adjustable polymer nanofiber production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the second electrode reaches a preset distance from the receiving device, it is energized. When the polymer solution on the second electrode reaches the substrate, it can be sprayed in a similar state and with similar density, thereby making the substrate and the spinning form a nanofiber layer with uniform density.

6. The electrically adjustable polymer nanofiber production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component is positioned around the end of the liquid tank in such a way that the second electrode reciprocates in a non-vertical direction.

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