Caisson for silt riverbed

Abstract

This invention provides a caisson for a silty riverbed, comprising: an outer caisson; and an inner caisson, at least partially located within the outer caisson, the inner and outer caissons being slidably connected in a first direction; and an electromagnetic locking mechanism, including a horizontal plate extending and retracting within the inner caisson in a second direction. When the electromagnetic locking mechanism is energized, the horizontal plate extends out of the inner caisson in the second direction and inserts into the external silt, thereby increasing the contact area between the caisson and the silt on the horizontal surface. This invention includes an electromagnetic locking mechanism; by energizing it, the electromagnetic locking mechanism moves the horizontal plate, inserting it into the silt. This increases the contact area between the device and the silt on the horizontal surface, preventing the caisson from swaying, tilting, or moving after sinking into the silt, thus ensuring the stability of the caisson.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of caisson technology, and more particularly to a caisson for use in silty riverbeds. Background Technology

[0002] Caissons are a type of deep foundation, often used in wharves and breakwaters. They are box-shaped structures with a top but no bottom, with internal partitions that allow them to float in water. The sinking or floating of the caisson can be controlled by adjusting the ballast water inside the caisson.

[0003] When existing caissons are used in silty riverbeds, the silt is relatively soft, and after the caissons sink, they tend to tilt and sway in the silt, causing the caissons to shift in position. In addition, the caissons are also prone to movement under the impact of water flow.

[0004] In other words, existing caissons in silt are prone to tilting, swaying, or displacement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a caisson for silty riverbeds to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. It has the functions of preventing tilting, swaying, and movement.

[0006] The present invention provides a caisson for a silty riverbed, comprising: an outer caisson; and an inner caisson, at least partially located within the outer caisson, the inner caisson and the outer caisson being slidably connected in a first direction; and an electromagnetic locking mechanism, comprising a horizontal plate, the horizontal plate being extended and retracted within the inner caisson in a second direction; wherein, when the electromagnetic locking mechanism is energized, the horizontal plate extends out of the inner caisson in the second direction and inserts into the external silt, thereby increasing the contact area between the caisson and the silt on the horizontal surface.

[0007] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic locking mechanism further includes: a fixing box fixed inside the inner box; an electromagnet fixed inside the fixing box, the electromagnet being electrically connected to an external power source; and a permanent magnet plate disposed on one side of the electromagnet; wherein, the horizontal plate is disposed on the side of the permanent magnet plate away from the electromagnet, and when the electromagnet is energized, a repulsive magnetic force is generated between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet plate, the magnetic force being able to push the permanent magnet plate to slide, thereby causing the horizontal plate to extend out of the inner box.

[0008] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic locking mechanism further includes a return spring, one end of which is connected to a permanent magnet plate and the other end of which is connected to an electromagnet. After the electromagnet is de-energized, the permanent magnet plate slides to the initial position under the action of the spring's restoring force, thereby driving the horizontal plate to retract into the inner box.

[0009] In one embodiment, the permanent magnet plate is provided with a through hole, and the electromagnetic locking mechanism also includes a conductive strip. The conductive strip is disposed outside the fixed box, and the fixed box is filled with electrorheological fluid. When the conductive strip is energized, it generates electromagnetic force, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become solid. When the conductive strip is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become liquid.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device further includes: an expansion bladder disposed on the outer side wall of the outer casing; and a control component in communication with the expansion bladder, the control component being capable of introducing gas into the expansion bladder to control the degree of expansion of the expansion bladder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the control component includes: a heat-conducting plate disposed within an inner chamber; and a mounting cover disposed on the heat-conducting plate; wherein the heat-conducting plate and the mounting cover define a liquid storage chamber containing evaporating liquid, and the control component further includes a gas guide tube, one end of which is connected to the liquid storage chamber and the other end of which is connected to the expansion bladder, wherein the heat-conducting plate controls the degree of expansion of the expansion bladder (20) by controlling the amount of evaporating liquid.

[0012] In one embodiment, a sliding structure is further included, which is disposed between the outer box and the inner box. The sliding structure includes: an electric slide rail extending along a first direction and disposed on the inner side wall of the outer box; and a slider disposed on the outer side wall of the inner box, the slider being slidably connected to the electric slide rail; wherein, when the electric slide rail is energized, the electric slide rail can drive the slider to slide so as to drive the inner box to slide inside the outer box.

[0013] In one embodiment, a limiting structure is also included, which is disposed between the outer box and the inner box to limit the relative position of the inner box and the outer box in a second direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, the outer side wall of the inner box is provided with a positioning groove, and the limiting structure includes a horizontal plate, one end of which is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box, and the other end of which is slidably connected to the positioning groove.

[0015] In one embodiment, a connecting plate is provided on the outer wall of the inner box, and the caisson also includes control blocks. Two control blocks are respectively provided on the connecting plate and the limiting structure, and correspond to each other. When the inner box slides to the bottom position of the outer box, the two connecting plates come into contact to energize the electromagnetic locking mechanism.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention is equipped with an electromagnetic locking mechanism. By energizing the electromagnetic locking mechanism, the horizontal plate is moved and inserted into the silt. This increases the contact area between the device and the silt on the horizontal surface, thereby preventing the caisson from shaking, tilting or moving after sinking into the silt, thus ensuring the stability of the caisson. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a caisson for a silty riverbed proposed in this invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a caisson for a silty riverbed proposed in this invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the image.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Outer box; 2. Inner box; 3. Electric slide rail; 4. Slider; 5. Guide groove; 6. Horizontal plate; 7. Roller; 8. Control block; 9. Inner cavity; 10. Mounting cover; 11. Air duct; 12. Heat-conducting plate; 13. Conductive strip; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Fixing box; 16. Permanent magnet plate; 17. Electromagnet; 18. Horizontal plate; 19. Through-hole; 20. Expansion bladder; 21. Thin tube; 22. Through hole; 23. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a caisson for a silty riverbed, comprising an outer caisson 1, an inner caisson 2, and an electromagnetic locking mechanism. The inner caisson 2 is at least partially located within the outer caisson 1, and the inner caisson 2 and outer caisson 1 are slidably connected in a first direction. The electromagnetic locking mechanism includes a horizontal plate 18, which is extended and retractable within the inner caisson 2 in a second direction. When the electromagnetic locking mechanism is energized, the horizontal plate 18 extends out of the inner caisson 2 in the second direction and inserts into the external silt, thereby increasing the contact area between the caisson and the silt on the horizontal surface.

[0024] The above setup includes an electromagnetic locking mechanism. By energizing the electromagnetic locking mechanism, the horizontal plate is moved and inserted into the silt. This increases the contact area between the device and the silt on the horizontal surface, thereby preventing the caisson from shaking, tilting, or moving after sinking into the silt, thus ensuring the stability of the caisson.

[0025] Specifically, in one embodiment, the electromagnetic locking mechanism further includes a fixing box 15, an electromagnet 17, and a permanent magnet plate 16. The fixing box 15 is fixed inside the inner box 2, and the electromagnet 17 is fixed inside the fixing box 15 and electrically connected to an external power source. The permanent magnet plate 16 is disposed on one side of the electromagnet 17. A horizontal plate 18 is disposed on the side of the permanent magnet plate 16 away from the electromagnet 17. When the electromagnet 17 is energized, a repulsive magnetic force is generated between the electromagnet 17 and the permanent magnet plate 16. This magnetic force can push the permanent magnet plate 16 to slide, thereby causing the horizontal plate 18 to extend out of the inner box 2.

[0026] Specifically, in one embodiment, there are two permanent magnet plates 16, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the electromagnet 17.

[0027] Specifically, in one embodiment, the electromagnetic locking mechanism further includes a return spring 23. One end of the return spring 23 is connected to the permanent magnet plate 16, and the other end is connected to the electromagnet 17. After the electromagnet 17 is de-energized, under the action of the spring's restoring force, the permanent magnet plate 16 slides to the initial position, thereby driving the horizontal plate 18 to retract into the inner box 2.

[0028] Specifically, in one embodiment, the permanent magnet plate 16 is provided with a through hole 22, and the electromagnetic locking mechanism also includes a conductive strip 13. The conductive strip 13 is disposed outside the fixed box 15, and the fixed box 15 is filled with electrorheological fluid. When the conductive strip 13 is energized, it generates electromagnetic force, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become solid. When the conductive strip 13 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become liquid.

[0029] It should be noted that electrorheological fluids are suspensions under normal conditions, but they can undergo a liquid-to-solid transition under the influence of an electric field. When the applied electric field strength is much lower than a certain critical value, the electrorheological fluid remains liquid; when the electric field strength is much higher than this critical value, it becomes solid.

[0030] Specifically, in one embodiment, the caisson further includes an expansion bladder 20 disposed on the outer side wall of the outer caisson 1, and a control assembly communicating with the expansion bladder 20, which is capable of introducing gas into the expansion bladder 20 to control the degree of expansion of the expansion bladder 20.

[0031] Specifically, in one embodiment, the control component includes a heat-conducting plate 12 and a mounting cover 10, wherein the heat-conducting plate 12 is disposed in the inner box 2, the mounting cover 10 is disposed on the heat-conducting plate 12, the heat-conducting plate 12 and the mounting cover 10 define a liquid storage cavity, the liquid storage cavity stores evaporating liquid, and the control component also includes a gas guide pipe 11, one end of which is connected to the liquid storage cavity and the other end of which is connected to the expansion bladder 20.

[0032] Specifically, in one embodiment, the caisson further includes a sliding structure disposed between the outer caisson 1 and the inner caisson 2. This sliding structure includes an electric slide rail 3 and a slider 4. The electric slide rail 3 extends along a first direction and is disposed on the inner sidewall of the outer caisson 1, while the slider 4 is disposed on the outer sidewall of the inner caisson 2. The slider 4 is slidably connected to the electric slide rail 3. When the electric slide rail 3 is energized, it drives the slider 4 to slide, thereby causing the inner caisson 2 to slide within the outer caisson 1. This sliding cooperation between the electric slide rail 3 and the slider 4 enables the inner caisson 2 to sink into the silt.

[0033] Specifically, in one embodiment, the caisson further includes a limiting structure disposed between the outer caisson 1 and the inner caisson 2, used to limit the relative position of the inner caisson 2 and the outer caisson 1 in a second direction. This effectively prevents the inner caisson 2 from tilting, swaying, or displacing in the silt, thereby ensuring that the inner caisson 2 can sink stably.

[0034] Specifically, in one embodiment, the outer wall of the inner box 2 is provided with a positioning groove, and the limiting structure includes a horizontal plate 6, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the outer box 1, and the other end of which is slidably connected to the positioning groove. In this way, the positioning groove and the horizontal plate 6 are used to effectively prevent the inner box 2 from tilting, shaking or displacing in the silt, thereby ensuring that the inner box 2 can sink stably.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, the number of positioning slots is two, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the outer side wall of the inner box 2, and the limiting structure includes two horizontal plates 6.

[0036] Specifically, in one embodiment, a roller 7 is provided at the other end of the horizontal plate 6, and the roller 7 can roll within the positioning groove. This reduces the friction between the horizontal plate 6 and the positioning groove, thereby improving the sliding efficiency of the horizontal plate 6 within the positioning groove.

[0037] Specifically, in one embodiment, a connecting plate 14 is provided on the outer wall of the inner box 2, and the caisson also includes control blocks 8, which are respectively disposed on the connecting plate 14 and the limiting structure, and correspond to each other. When the inner box 2 slides to the bottom of the outer box 1, the two connecting plates 14 contact each other, energizing the electromagnetic locking mechanism. This ensures that after the inner box 2 sinks into place, the electromagnetic locking mechanism can be energized in time, causing the two horizontal plates 18 inside to extend from the inner box 2 and insert into the silt. This effectively prevents the inner box 2 from tilting, swaying, or shifting in the silt, thereby ensuring that the inner box 2 can be stably placed in the silt.

[0038] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 Here is a complete embodiment of this application:

[0039] This invention provides a double-layer steel-cased caisson for use in silty riverbeds, comprising an outer caisson 1. Further, to prevent water from entering the outer caisson 1, the bottom of the outer caisson 1 can be sealed. An inner caisson 2 is located inside the outer caisson 1. A sliding element is provided between the outer caisson 1 and the inner caisson 2. The sliding element includes two electric slide rails 3 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer caisson 1. Each of the two electric slide rails 3 has a slider 4. Each slider 4 has a connecting plate 14 fixedly connected to its side wall. Both connecting plates 14 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner caisson 2. The side wall of the inner caisson 2 has two guide grooves 5. Two horizontal plates 6 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer caisson 1. Each horizontal plate 6 has a groove on its side wall. Each groove contains a roller 7, which extends into the guide grooves 5. The rollers 7 reduce friction when the inner caisson 2 moves. Simultaneously, because the rollers 7 are located within the guide grooves 5, they also prevent the inner caisson 2 from swaying back and forth, ensuring the stability of the inner caisson 2.

[0040] Specifically, the inner box 2 is equipped with an anti-sway mechanism, which includes a fixed box 15. The fixed box 15 contains two permanent magnet plates 16 and is filled with electrorheological fluid. Initially, the electrorheological fluid is in a suspended state, but under the action of the electric field, it will gradually solidify into a solid state. The side walls of the two permanent magnet plates 16 are provided with multiple through holes 22. The side walls of the two permanent magnet plates 16 are fixedly connected with horizontal plates 18. The side walls of the inner box 2 are provided with two through holes 19. The two horizontal plates 18 extend into the two through holes 19 respectively. The side walls of the two horizontal plates 18 at opposite ends are provided with slopes. The two horizontal plates 18 penetrate the side walls of the fixed box 15 and are provided with sealing rings at the penetration points to prevent water from entering the fixed box 15 and to prevent the electrorheological fluid from leaking.

[0041] Specifically, the outer box 1 is equipped with a control mechanism for controlling the movement of the two permanent magnet plates 16. The control mechanism includes two control blocks 8, both of which are made of conductive metal material. One control block 8 is located on the lower side wall of the connecting plate 14 on the left, and the other control block 8 is located on the upper side wall of the horizontal plate 6 on the left. The two control blocks 8 are arranged vertically opposite each other. An electromagnet 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 15. The magnetic poles of the electromagnet 17 and the two permanent magnet plates 16 are the same pole. The two permanent magnet plates 16 are elastically connected to the side wall of the electromagnet 17 by springs. A conductive strip 13 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the fixed box 15. The conductive strip 13, the two control blocks 8, the electromagnet 17 are electrically connected to an external power supply.

[0042] Specifically, a mounting cover 10 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the fixed box 15, and a heat-conducting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cover 10. A conductive strip 13 is located inside the mounting cover 10 and directly below the heat-conducting plate 12. The space inside the mounting cover 10 above the heat-conducting plate 12 is filled with a low-boiling-point evaporating liquid with a boiling point between 45°C and 50°C. Specifically, it can be carbon disulfide (boiling point 46.23°C), etc. The side wall of the outer box 1 has two inner cavities 9. Both inner cavities 9 are connected to the mounting cover 10 through a gas guide pipe 11. It is worth noting that the gas guide pipe 11 must be connected to the side wall near the bottom of the inner cavity 9 to ensure that the gaseous low-boiling-point evaporating liquid can flow back into the mounting cover 10 after liquefaction. Multiple expansion bladders 20 are fixedly connected to both side walls of the outer box 1. The multiple expansion bladders 20 are connected to the corresponding inner cavity 9 through a thin tube 21. In the initial state, the multiple expansion bladders 20 are in a deflated state.

[0043] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operational methods:

[0044] When the caisson is submerged in the silt, the outer caisson 1 is first submerged near its lower end. Then, the electric slide rail 3 is activated, causing the two sliders 4 to move downwards, which in turn moves the inner caisson 2 downwards, allowing it to sink into the silt. When the inner caisson 2 reaches its lowest point, the two control blocks 8 come into contact with each other. At this time, the electromagnet 17 is energized and generates magnetism. The two permanent magnet plates 16 move away from each other under the repulsive force of the electromagnet 17 (it is worth noting that since the electrorheological fluid requires a certain amount of time to solidify, the electrorheological fluid can flow through the through hole 22 at this time, allowing the permanent magnet plates 16 to move smoothly). The two horizontal plates 18 are also moved away from each other and move to the outside of the inner caisson 2 and are horizontally inserted into the silt. This increases the contact area between the device and the silt on the horizontal surface, thereby preventing the caisson from shaking or tilting after being submerged in the silt and ensuring the stability of the caisson.

[0045] After the two control blocks 8 come into contact, the two horizontal plates 18 are inserted into the silt. At the same time, current flows through the conductive strip 13, which can energize the conductive strip 13. Under the action of the electric field force of the conductive strip 13, the electrorheological fluid will gradually become solid. After the horizontal plate 18 is inserted into the silt for a period of time, the electrorheological fluid can no longer flow through the through hole 22, thereby preventing the permanent magnet plate 16 from moving, thus ensuring that the horizontal plate 18 cannot move, thereby preventing the horizontal plate 18 from swaying back and forth, and further ensuring the stability of the device.

[0046] During the initial insertion of the outer box 1 into the silt, the multiple expansion bladders 20 are in a deflated state. Under the pressure of the silt, the expansion bladders 20 can deform freely, allowing the workers to easily insert the outer box 1 into the silt. After the caisson sinking is completed, the conductive strip 13 gradually generates heat after being energized, causing the temperature inside the mounting cover 10 to gradually rise. This causes the low-boiling-point evaporator to evaporate, and the gaseous low-boiling-point evaporator enters the inner cavity 9 through the air guide pipe 11 and then enters the multiple expansion bladders 20 through multiple thin tubes 21. This causes the multiple expansion bladders 20 to expand and become full and firm. When subjected to external force, the expansion bladders 20 are difficult to deform, thereby increasing the friction between the two sides of the outer box 1 and the silt. This further prevents the device from shifting position after sinking into the silt, ensuring the stability of the device.

[0047] The present invention has the following specific beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is equipped with an anti-swaying mechanism and a control mechanism. By energizing the electromagnet, the two permanent magnet plates are moved away from each other, which drives the two horizontal plates to move and insert the two horizontal plates into the silt. This can increase the contact area between the device and the silt on the horizontal surface, thereby preventing the caisson from swaying and tilting after sinking into the silt, and ensuring the stability of the caisson.

[0049] 2. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can solidify the electrorheological fluid after the conductive strip is energized, thereby preventing the permanent magnet plate from moving and ensuring the stability of the horizontal plate. It can prevent the horizontal plate from moving back and forth and further improve the stability of the device.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can generate heat when the conductive strip is energized, thereby causing the low-boiling-point evaporating liquid to evaporate and the multiple expansion bladders to expand, which can increase the friction between the two sides of the device and the silt, and further prevent the caisson from moving after sinking into the silt.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A caisson for a silted river bed, characterised in that, include: Outer box; as well as An inner box, at least partially located in the outer box, is slidably connected to the outer box in a first direction; as well as An electromagnetic locking mechanism includes a horizontal plate, which is telescopically disposed within the inner box along a second direction; When the electromagnetic locking mechanism is energized, the horizontal plate extends out of the inner box along the second direction and inserts into the outer silt to increase the contact area between the caisson and the silt on the horizontal surface. The electromagnetic locking mechanism also includes: The fixing box is fixed inside the inner box; and An electromagnet, fixed inside the mounting box, is electrically connected to an external power source; and A permanent magnet plate is disposed on one side of the electromagnet; The horizontal plate is located on the side of the permanent magnet plate away from the electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, a repulsive magnetic force is generated between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet plate. The magnetic force can push the permanent magnet plate to slide, thereby causing the horizontal plate to extend out of the inner box. The electromagnetic locking mechanism also includes a return spring. One end of the return spring is connected to the permanent magnet plate, and the other end is connected to the electromagnet. After the electromagnet is de-energized, the permanent magnet plate slides to the initial position under the action of the spring's restoring force, thereby driving the horizontal plate to retract into the inner box. The permanent magnet plate is provided with through holes, and the electromagnetic locking mechanism also includes a conductive strip. The conductive strip is disposed outside the fixed box, and the fixed box is filled with electrorheological fluid. When the conductive strip is energized, it generates electromagnetic force, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become solid. When the conductive strip is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the electrorheological fluid will gradually become liquid.

2. A caisson for a silt riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An expansion bladder is disposed on the outer side wall of the outer casing; as well as A control component, connected to the inflation bladder, is capable of introducing gas into the inflation bladder to control the degree of inflation of the inflation bladder.

3. A caisson for a silt riverbed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control component includes: A heat-conducting plate is disposed inside the inner box; and A mounting cover is provided on the heat-conducting plate; The heat-conducting plate and the mounting cover define a liquid storage chamber containing evaporating liquid. The control component also includes a gas guide tube, one end of which is connected to the liquid storage chamber and the other end of which is connected to the expansion bladder. The heat-conducting plate controls the expansion degree of the expansion bladder by controlling the evaporation rate of the evaporating liquid.

4. The caisson for a silt riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sliding structure disposed between the outer box and the inner box, which includes: An electric slide rail extends along a first direction and is disposed on the inner side wall of the outer casing; and A slider is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner box, and the slider is slidably connected to the electric slide rail; When the electric slide rail is powered on, it can drive the slider to slide, thereby causing the inner box to slide inside the outer box.

5. The caisson for a silt riverbed according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting structure, which is disposed between the outer box and the inner box to limit the relative position of the inner box and the outer box in a second direction.

6. The caisson for a silty riverbed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the inner box is provided with a positioning groove, and the limiting structure includes a horizontal plate, one end of which is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box, and the other end of which is slidably connected to the positioning groove.

7. The caisson for a silty riverbed according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting plate is provided on the outer wall of the inner box, and the caisson also includes control blocks. Two control blocks are respectively provided on the connecting plate and the limiting structure, and correspond to each other. When the inner box slides to the bottom position of the outer box, the two connecting plates come into contact, so that the electromagnetic locking mechanism is energized.

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