Supporting device for shield connection passage construction and installation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of support device for shield liaison passage construction and its installation method, support device at least includes: several support main shafts;Support main shaft defines the plane and the axial vertical intersection of shield tunnel, and the adjacent end of support main shaft is connected by support bar, to build complete support frame.The present application is combined with the sliding platform of drilling device by support, and support is not removed after the installation of frozen hole is completed, support bar and support main shaft constitute wedge area, and by setting the mode of multiple groups of support main shaft, the support force of wedge area is guaranteed, to effectively control the time and economic cost of freezing method construction, avoid unnecessary resource waste caused by excessively conservative support design, avoid time and resource waste under the premise of same guaranteeing liaison passage safe construction, give consideration to safety and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a support device and its installation method for shield tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] The general construction sequence for freezing-based connecting passages is to first perform freezing reinforcement, which requires the construction of freezing holes. Because the height of the freezing holes varies, a separate operating platform must be erected to accommodate the drilling. Traditional operating platforms are simple scaffolding structures, which are easy to operate, but their height cannot be adjusted. This necessitates repeated disassembly and reassembly when drilling freezing holes at different heights, resulting in significant time waste and increased construction risk.

[0003] Conventional freezing hole construction for connecting passages requires the erection of multi-layered steel pipe supports, on which drilling equipment is mounted to meet drilling requirements. The construction process involves multiple relocations of the equipment and adjustments to the angles to meet hole position requirements, resulting in low construction efficiency and significant safety hazards. Furthermore, after drilling is completed, the entire steel pipe support system must be dismantled before freezing can commence. In addition, existing steel pipe supports have the following drawbacks:

[0004] (1) Using steel pipes to build a support platform is time-consuming and labor-intensive. It is necessary to fully lay footboards on the support to accommodate the installation of mechanical equipment, and the construction period is long.

[0005] (2) The support points for the erection of the support can only be placed at the bolt hole positions inside the segment, and the other support points are suspended and need to be reinforced, resulting in poor overall stability.

[0006] (3) The support is fixed and cannot be moved. Due to the complex layout of the freezing hole positions, the drilling equipment needs to be moved many times during construction, which increases the difficulty of on-site construction.

[0007] (4) After the freezing hole is installed, the support needs to be removed and a circumferential support needs to be installed before the opening door to ensure the safety and stability of the pipe segments during the opening door process. The process is complicated.

[0008] Chinese patent CN101598027A discloses a construction method for a tunnel connecting passage in a shield tunnel section, which includes the following steps: setting up a closed plain concrete continuous wall as a water-stop curtain around the outer perimeter of the connecting passage area; reinforcing the soil inside the connecting passage area using mixing piles or grouting; excavating a vertical shaft within the reinforced area; excavating and lining the connecting passage from the shaft to both sides using the cut-and-cover method; after the connecting passage section is completed and the shield machine has completely passed through the reinforced soil, cutting off the segments at the portal of the connecting passage, constructing the portal waterstop and portal structure, as well as constructing the connecting passage lining structure at the shaft location and backfilling the shaft; finally, the connecting passage is completed. This ground reinforcement construction method for the connecting passage is efficient and safe, and can be widely applied to the ground reinforcement construction for shield machine cutter replacement, providing a reliable guarantee for shield machine cutter replacement construction.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for an assemblable support structure system that can be quickly assembled inside the tunnel, allows drilling equipment to slide on a support to meet hole position requirements, and enables the support to reinforce tunnel segments inside the tunnel to meet opening requirements, thus replacing conventional tunnel portal steel ring reinforcement measures.

[0010] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Existing technology uses steel pipes to erect support platforms, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. It requires laying footboards on the support to accommodate the installation of mechanical equipment, resulting in a long erection period. The fixed support points can only be placed at the bolt holes inside the segments, while the other support points are suspended and require reinforcement, leading to poor overall stability. The support is fixed and cannot be moved. Due to the complex layout of the freezing holes, the drilling equipment needs to be moved multiple times during construction, increasing the difficulty of on-site construction. After the freezing holes are installed, the support needs to be removed, and a circumferential support needs to be installed before the opening to ensure the safety and stability of the segments during the opening process, making the process complicated.

[0012] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides a support device for the construction of shield tunnel connecting passages, comprising at least: a plurality of support spindles; the plane defined by the support spindles intersects perpendicularly to the axial direction of the shield tunnel, and adjacent ends of the support spindles are connected by support rods to form a complete support frame. A sliding platform capable of adjusting the working position of the drilling equipment is connected to a sliding support guide rail perpendicular to the plane of the support spindles and connected to the ends of the support spindles via a telescopic support rod.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the support rods are used to connect adjacent ends of the main shaft of the support shaft, thereby forming a support frame together with the main shaft; wherein, at least four support rods are connected end to end to form a rectangular support frame inlaid in the inner wall of the shield tunnel, and support jacks are installed on the tunnel wall between two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame. The support jacks are connected to the two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame through the support rods, thereby forming a polygonal support frame inlaid in the interior of the shield tunnel.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the sliding support rail is used for the longitudinal movement of the sliding platform along the connecting channel; the telescopic support rod is disposed on the sliding support rail and is used to adjust the height of the sliding platform; the sliding platform is supported on the support spindle by the telescopic support rod and can define the working position of the drilling equipment.

[0015] Existing technologies mostly determine the external loads on the frozen wall outside the support structure based on loose soil theory, and then design the required support force for the circumferential support structure accordingly. This means that the vertical pressure on the frozen wall is equivalent to the load of the soil and ground surface covering it, while the lateral pressure of the frozen wall is calculated based on the active earth pressure of the retaining wall. However, in practical engineering applications, the freezing method used in urban construction is mostly applied to the construction of connecting passages in clay strata. This results in the circumferential support structure being unable to be objectively and realistically applied to the connecting passage, leading to unclear stress conditions and requiring additional skeletons or reinforcement to ensure construction safety. This affects the rationality of the design and greatly increases construction costs. For connecting passage construction in deeply buried clay layers, the vertical pressure on the frozen wall is not significant; the pressure is concentrated on the sides. This invention employs a support device for shield tunneling connecting passage construction. After the freezing holes are installed, the supports do not need to be removed. By calculating the pressure the connecting passage needs to withstand, several sets of support spindles are set up. Furthermore, the support device, tailored to the size of the connecting passage, can measure and design the effective depth of the freezing holes (i.e., the thickness of the frozen wall), making it better suited for actual construction operations. Therefore, this invention, by calculating the actual pressure the frozen wall may experience and selecting appropriate sizes and numbers of support spindles, proposes a support device that differs from existing technologies. This device is particularly suitable for reinforcing connecting passages and for accurately positioning and detecting the effective depth of freezing holes. This more scientifically supports the supporting pressure of the connecting passage. The detection of the effective depth of the freezing holes not only meets the requirements of their own bearing capacity and stability but also ensures the safety and economy of construction.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the supporting spindles are arranged in a cross manner with the supporting rods to form a supporting frame, wherein the distribution and number of the plurality of supporting spindles are set based on the magnitude of the support pressure on the slip surfaces on both sides of the connecting channel.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the two sides of the support frame are wedge-shaped regions, and the lateral pressure is calculated based on a uniformly distributed load to obtain the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of supporting spindles are set in the wedge-shaped region based on vertical support pressure and lateral pressure, so that the support device can be used to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel segments during the opening process. The plurality of supporting spindles can be set in a manner that equally divides the cross-section of the connecting passage. This invention combines the circumferential support with the sliding platform of the drilling device. After the freezing hole is installed, the support does not need to be removed. The support rods and supporting spindles form a wedge-shaped region, and by setting multiple sets of supporting spindles, the support force of the wedge-shaped region is guaranteed, thereby effectively controlling the time and economic cost of the freezing method construction. It avoids unnecessary resource waste caused by overly conservative support design, and avoids wasting time and resources while ensuring the safe construction of the connecting passage, thus balancing safety and economy. Furthermore, accelerating the construction cycle also helps to avoid problems such as excessive surface frost heave and / or excessive thaw settlement deformation caused by prolonged construction, which is of great significance for actual construction operations.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two intersecting support spindles are reinforced with polygonal brackets, each polygonal bracket comprising a right-angled triangular bracket and / or a trapezoidal bracket. These polygonal brackets fill gaps between the support spindles and form a support structure. The right-angled triangular and trapezoidal brackets fill the wedge-shaped areas on both sides of the connecting channel. The polygonal brackets also include Z-shaped brackets to fill irregular areas of the connecting channel. The support system within the support spindles, through the combination of polygonal brackets, fills the wedge-shaped areas, further strengthening the support effect on both sides and preventing lateral forces from compressing the connecting channel. This adaptive filling of irregular areas offers high flexibility and applicability, helping to shorten the construction cycle.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the support member can be assembled from a number of connected sections, such that the support member is divided into several groups of short bars to resist changes in the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage.

[0021] The present invention also relates to an installation method for a support device used in the construction of a shield tunnel connecting passage, which includes at least the following steps: connecting two shafts in a cross-shaped manner according to the diameter of the shield tunnel to construct a support main shaft; connecting any two adjacent ends of the support main shaft through support members; connecting multiple support members through a sliding support guide rail; movably connecting one end of a telescopic support rod to the sliding support guide rail so that it can translate along the axis of the sliding support guide rail; and installing a sliding platform at the other end of the telescopic support rod to adjust the working position of the drilling equipment.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the sliding support rail is arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel, so that the sliding platform can slide within the shield tunnel, and the sliding platform can also drive the drilling equipment to rotate at multiple angles within its platform surface.

[0023] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0024] (1) This invention combines a circumferential support with a sliding platform of a drilling device. After the freezing hole is installed, the support does not need to be removed. The support rods and the main support shaft form a wedge-shaped area. By setting multiple sets of main support shafts, the support force of the wedge-shaped area is guaranteed, thereby effectively controlling the time and economic cost of the freezing method construction. It avoids unnecessary waste of resources due to overly conservative support design. Under the premise of ensuring the safe construction of the connecting passage, it avoids the waste of time and resources, and balances safety and economy. In addition, accelerating the construction cycle is also conducive to avoiding problems such as excessive surface frost heave and / or thaw settlement deformation caused by long-term construction, which is of great significance for actual construction operations.

[0025] (2) This invention proposes a support device that is different from the existing technology, especially suitable for reinforcing connecting passages and accurately locating and effectively detecting the depth of freezing holes, in order to calculate the actual pressure that the frozen wall may be subjected to. The device selects appropriate size, size and number of support spindles. This device is particularly suitable for reinforcing connecting passages and accurately locating and effectively detecting the depth of freezing holes. This device can more scientifically support the support pressure of connecting passages. The detection of the effective depth of freezing holes not only meets the requirements of its own bearing capacity and stability, but also ensures the safety and economy of construction.

[0026] (3) The support system within the main shaft is filled in the wedge-shaped area by combining various polygonal brackets to further enhance the support effect on both sides and avoid lateral forces squeezing the connecting passage. It adapts to irregular areas, is highly flexible and applicable, and helps to shorten the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a support device for the construction of a tunnel connecting passage according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an isometric surface structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for the construction of a shield tunnel connecting passage;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of a support device for shield tunnel construction according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the support rod of the present invention.

[0031] List of reference numerals

[0032] 1: Support spindle; 2: Support rod; 3: Sliding support rail; 4: Telescopic support rod; 5: Sliding platform; 6: Support jack; 7: Sliding ball bearing; 201: Section rod; 202: Connecting component; 203: Connector; 204: Solid body; 205: Double bridge structure; 206: First surface; 207: Second surface; 208: Mounting hole; 209: Bearing layer; 210: Steel strand; 211: Spring cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This application relates to a support device for the construction of a shield tunnel connecting passage, comprising at least: several sets of support main shafts 1 constructed from two intersecting axles; the plane defined by the support main shafts 1 intersects perpendicularly with the axial direction of the shield tunnel, and adjacent ends of the support main shafts 1 are connected by support rods 2, thereby constructing a complete support frame. A sliding support guide rail 3, perpendicular to the plane of the support main shafts 1 and connected to the ends of the support main shafts 1, is connected by a telescopic support rod 4 to a sliding platform 5 capable of adjusting the working position of the drilling equipment. This invention addresses the construction of the shield tunnel connecting passage using the freezing method. Existing technologies require the erection of multi-layer steel pipe supports for the construction of freezing holes in connecting passages, and the installation of drilling machinery on the supports to meet the drilling requirements. During the construction process, the machinery needs to be moved multiple times and the angle adjusted to meet the hole position requirements, which not only results in low construction efficiency but also poses significant safety hazards. After drilling is completed, all the supports must be dismantled before freezing to meet the freezing construction requirements. This invention relates to a support device for the construction of tunnel connecting passages. It not only enables rapid assembly within the tunnel, but also allows the drilling equipment to slide on the support to meet hole position requirements. Furthermore, the support can reinforce the tunnel segments, meeting opening requirements and replacing conventional portal steel ring reinforcement measures. This invention allows for the addition or removal of the support main shaft based on the required support force for the connecting passage, making the support device flexible and adaptable to different types of geological structures, shortening the construction cycle and reducing unnecessary cost consumption. Since the opening position error of the freezing hole is no more than 100mm, in existing technologies, the drilling equipment must avoid segment joints, bolts, main reinforcement, and steel segment ribs during drilling, and a deviation of more than 150mm is not allowed. The sliding platform provides the drilling equipment with the necessary movement and avoids the influence of segment joints, bolts, main reinforcement, and steel segment ribs on the opening position error, making the drilling operation more precise, reducing freezing hole errors, and eliminating the need to increase the thickness of the freezing wall to eliminate this error, thereby ensuring the safety and economy of construction.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment, the support rod 2 is used to connect the adjacent ends of the shafts of the main support shaft 1, thereby forming a support frame together with the main support shaft 1; wherein, at least four support rods 2 are connected end to end to form a rectangular support frame inlaid in the inner wall of the shield tunnel, and a support jack 6 is set on the tunnel wall between two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame. The support jack 6 is connected to the two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame through the support rods 2, thereby forming a polygonal support frame inlaid in the interior of the shield tunnel.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the sliding support rail 3 is used for the longitudinal movement of the sliding platform 5 along the connecting channel; the telescopic support rod 4 is disposed on the sliding support rail 3 for adjusting the height of the sliding platform 5; the sliding platform 5 is supported on the support spindle 1 by the telescopic support rod 4 and can limit the working position of the drilling equipment.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of supporting main shafts 1 are arranged in a cross manner with supporting rods 2 to form a supporting frame, wherein the distribution and number of the plurality of supporting main shafts 1 are set based on the magnitude of the support pressure on the two sides of the connecting channel.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, the two sides of the support frame are wedge-shaped regions, and their lateral pressure is calculated based on a uniformly distributed load to obtain the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of support shafts 1 are set in the wedge-shaped area based on vertical support pressure and lateral pressure so that the support device can be used to ensure the safety and stability of the segments during the opening process. The plurality of support shafts 1 can be set in such a way that the cross section of the connecting channel is equally divided.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, a polygonal bracket is provided between at least two intersecting support main shafts 1 to reinforce them. The polygonal bracket includes a right-angled triangular bracket and / or a trapezoidal bracket. The polygonal bracket fills the gap between the support main shafts and forms a support structure. The right-angled triangular bracket and the trapezoidal bracket are used to fill the wedge-shaped areas on both sides of the connecting channel. The polygonal bracket also includes a Z-shaped bracket to fill the irregular areas of the connecting channel.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment may be a further improvement and / or supplement to the foregoing embodiments, and repeated content will not be described again. Where there is no conflict or contradiction, the whole and / or part of the preferred embodiments of other embodiments may be used as supplements to this embodiment.

[0044] Existing technologies mostly determine the external loads on the frozen wall outside the support structure based on loose soil theory, and then design the required support force for the circumferential support structure accordingly. This means that the vertical pressure on the frozen wall is equivalent to the load of the soil and ground surface covering it, while the lateral pressure of the frozen wall is calculated based on the active earth pressure of the retaining wall. However, in practical engineering applications, the freezing method used in urban construction is mostly applied to the construction of connecting passages in clay strata. This results in the circumferential support structure being unable to be objectively and realistically applied to the connecting passage, leading to unclear stress conditions and requiring additional skeletons or reinforcement to ensure construction safety. This affects the rationality of the design and greatly increases construction costs. For connecting passage construction in deeply buried clay layers, the vertical pressure on the frozen wall is not significant; the pressure is concentrated on the sides. This invention employs a support device for shield tunneling connecting passage construction. After the freezing holes are installed, the supports do not need to be removed. By calculating the pressure the connecting passage needs to withstand, several sets of support spindles are set up. Furthermore, the support device, tailored to the size of the connecting passage, can measure and design the effective depth of the freezing holes (i.e., the thickness of the frozen wall), making it better suited for actual construction operations. Therefore, this invention, by calculating the actual pressure the frozen wall may experience and selecting appropriate sizes and numbers of support spindles, proposes a support device that differs from existing technologies. This device is particularly suitable for reinforcing connecting passages and for accurately positioning and detecting the effective depth of freezing holes. This more scientifically supports the supporting pressure of the connecting passage. The detection of the effective depth of the frozen holes not only meets the requirements of its own bearing capacity and stability but also ensures the safety and economy of construction.

[0045] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of supporting spindles are intersected with supporting rods to form a supporting frame. The number of supporting spindles is determined by the magnitude of the support pressure on the slip surfaces on both sides of the connecting passage. The supports used in the connecting passage are generally circumferential supports. This invention also employs a quasi-circumferential support. To simplify calculations, the two sides of the circumferential support are approximated as wedge-shaped regions. These wedge-shaped regions are isosceles triangles, with the two sides of the isosceles triangle forming the upper and lower slip surfaces, whose lateral pressure is calculated as a uniformly distributed load. Therefore, the equilibrium formula for the slip surface on the upper side of the isosceles triangle is:

[0046] F = N1sinα + T1cosα + g1

[0047]

[0048] T1=N1tanβ+cl

[0049] Where E is the lateral pressure, F is the vertical pressure, T3 is the vertical frictional resistance, N1 and N2 are the normal pressures on the waists of the upper and lower slip surfaces, T1 and T2 are the tangential frictional resistances on the waists of the upper and lower slip surfaces, c is the cohesion, β is the internal friction angle, l is the length of the waist of the isosceles triangle, and g1 and g2 are the self-weights of the upper and lower slip surfaces, respectively.

[0050] Similarly, the equilibrium formula for the sliding crack surface of an isosceles triangle is:

[0051] F=N2sinα+T2cosα-g2

[0052]

[0053] T2=N2tanβ+cl

[0054] The above formula is simplified and rearranged to obtain:

[0055]

[0056] The vertical pressure in the above formula is actually the support pressure of the connecting passage. Its calculation is as follows: multiply the vertical pressure of the soil covering the connecting passage on the top of the connecting passage by the width of the non-wedge zone and divide by two, subtract the product of the vertical support pressure of the connecting passage multiplied by half the width of the connecting passage, and add the product of the soil weight multiplied by the height of the connecting passage multiplied by one-quarter of the width of the wedge zone to obtain the vertical pressure E, which is the support pressure of the connecting passage.

[0057] There is a proportional relationship between the vertical pressure E and the vertical support pressure of the connecting passage, and the ratio is the wedge height multiplied by the lateral pressure. After simplifying and rearranging the formulas, the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage are obtained.

[0058] Existing technologies utilize circumferential supports, forming an arch above the connecting passage for structural support. However, during actual construction, the arch causes the vertical pressure above the connecting passage to shift towards the sides of the circumferential supports, reducing the vertical pressure but creating wedge-shaped zones on both sides. Existing technologies treat the vertical pressure on the supports as equivalent to the weight of the overlying soil and design the circumferential supports accordingly. This necessitates the addition of additional auxiliary mechanisms for reinforcement in practical engineering applications. This invention addresses this issue by integrating the circumferential supports with the sliding platform of the drilling device. After the freezing holes are installed, the supports do not need to be removed. The support rods and main support shafts form wedge-shaped zones, and multiple sets of main support shafts ensure the support force in these zones. This effectively controls the time and economic costs of freezing method construction, avoiding unnecessary resource waste due to overly conservative support design. While ensuring the safe construction of the connecting passage, it avoids wasting time and resources, balancing safety and economy. In addition, accelerating the construction cycle can help avoid problems such as excessive surface frost heave and / or thaw settlement deformation caused by long-term construction, which is of great significance for actual construction operations.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, multiple sets of support spindles are arranged in the wedge-shaped area based on vertical support pressure and lateral pressure to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel segments during the opening process. The multiple sets of support spindles can be arranged to equally divide the cross-section of the connecting passage. For example, four sets of support spindles divide the cross-section of the connecting passage into eight equal parts. The support spindles are detachably connected. Existing technologies often use grid-shaped steel supports, which focus on vertical and lateral pressure without considering the support force in the wedge-shaped area. This results in the steel supports requiring greater strength and structural design, affecting the speed of construction and lengthening the construction period. Preferably, at least two intersecting support spindles are reinforced with polygonal brackets. These polygonal brackets include right-angled triangular brackets and / or trapezoidal brackets. The polygonal brackets fill the gaps between the support spindles and form a support structure. The right-angled triangular brackets and trapezoidal brackets cooperate to fill the wedge-shaped areas on both sides of the connecting passage. The polygonal brackets also include Z-shaped brackets to fill irregular areas of the connecting passage. The support system within the main support shafts uses a combination of polygonal brackets to fill the wedge-shaped area, further strengthening the support on both sides and preventing lateral forces from compressing the connecting passage. This adaptive filling method for irregular areas offers high flexibility and applicability, helping to shorten the construction cycle. The vertical support pressure and lateral pressure of the connecting passage are generally above 400 kPa and 300 kPa respectively, and the frozen wall thickness is generally above 2 m. To address this, two sets of main support shafts can be installed to divide the cross-section of the connecting passage into four equal parts, and polygonal brackets can be filled into these four parts for further reinforcement. It should be noted that the polygonal brackets are detachably installed between the main support shafts. Even without the polygonal brackets, the two sets of main support shafts can still meet the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure requirements of the connecting passage; the polygonal brackets serve to increase the safety margin.

[0060] According to a preferred embodiment, a sliding platform is used for precise positioning of the freezing hole location by the drilling device and for detecting the effective depth of the freezing hole, thereby ensuring that the freezing hole depth meets engineering requirements. Under the same cooling efficiency of the refrigeration station, the active freezing cycle is shortened, thus controlling the time and economic cost of the freezing method construction. The effective depth of the freezing hole is detected at least by the verticality of the drilling device's insertion and the orientation of the drilling device on the sliding platform. For example, the opening position of the freezing hole is determined using a theodolite with relative coordinates, and the opening method of the freezing hole is determined by adjusting the azimuth and / or elevation angles of the drilling device. The verticality of the drilling device's insertion, combined with the relative coordinate system based on the sliding platform, can accurately detect the drilling depth of the drilling device at that time, and this is used as the thickness of the freezing wall. In the actual construction process of the freezing method, except for freezing walls used for emergency rescue or repair which are only for water stopping and have no load-bearing requirements, in other common cases, the freezing wall needs to be set with a certain thickness according to its functional category to bear the load-bearing capacity, and the stress at any cross-section of the freezing wall structure must meet the strength requirements. Existing technologies have low accuracy in detecting the thickness of the frozen wall (i.e., the effective depth of the freezing hole). Therefore, the thickness of the frozen wall is often increased to ensure the effectiveness of the freezing method. However, this one-size-fits-all approach increases construction costs. Increasing the thickness of the frozen wall also leads to problems such as excessive surface frost heave and / or excessive thaw settlement deformation. This invention calculates the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage, designs a support device accordingly, and obtains the wedge-shaped failure law of the connecting passage. This allows for the detection and control of the effective depth of the freezing hole, ensuring the effective depth of the freezing hole while minimizing the thickness, thereby shortening the freezing cycle and reducing construction costs.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the support rod 2 can be composed of several sets of segmented rods 201 connected together, such that the support rod 2 is divided into several sets of short rods to resist changes in the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage. During construction, due to the need to transport various construction materials, transport vehicles or other transport equipment may pass over the connecting passage, causing a sudden increase in the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage. Conventional support rods are prone to bending and breakage after sudden pressure changes, resulting in a decrease in the support force of the connecting passage, and in severe cases, even the collapse of the connecting passage. Preferably, the several sets of segmented rods 201 are hollow tubular structures. Adjacent segments 201 are connected by connecting parts 202. The hollow inner side of the segmented rod 201 is provided with internal threads for connecting the connecting parts 202, and both ends of the connecting parts 202 are provided with external threads for engaging the internal threads. The connecting parts 202 and the segmented rods 201 have the same axis. The connecting parts 202 include connecting parts 203 at both ends and a solid body 204 located in the middle of the connecting parts 203. Two connectors 203 are symmetrically arranged via a solid body 204. The diameter of the solid body 204 is smaller than the outer diameter of the section member 201. The solid body 204 serves as a bending-resistant base connecting the two sections 201. The connection of several sets of sections 201 makes the support member 2 less susceptible to damage and bending due to excessive pressure. The multi-node support structure can disperse the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure applied to a single support member 2 by the connecting channel, making the support structure stable, effectively improving the structural strength, bending resistance, and fracture resistance of the support, thereby improving the safety and reliability of construction.

[0062] According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting component 202 is provided with a double-bridge structure 205 connected to two adjacent sections 201. The double-bridge structure 205 includes two single bridges respectively connected to the two adjacent sections 201. The two single bridges are symmetrically arranged on the solid body 204 and connected to the solid body 204. The two single bridges intersect on the central axis of the solid body 204, and a fastening member is provided at the intersection. The fastening member includes a first surface 206 that contacts the connection point of the two single bridges and a second surface 207 that contacts the solid body 204. The first surface 206 and the second surface 207 are provided with mounting holes 208. The first surface 206 and the second surface 207 are parallel to each other. The mounting holes 208 further secure the double-bridge structure 205 to the solid body 204. The mounting holes 208 can be anchor bolt holes. The first surface 206 is connected to the connection point of the two single bridges, and the second surface 207 is connected to the solid body 204, thereby realizing the indirect connection between the double-bridge structure 205 and the solid body 204. The double-bridge structure 205 possesses bending resistance, meeting the requirements of the support structure to withstand pressure changes. During use, the double-bridge structure 205 ensures the safety of the support structure should changes occur in the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure of the connecting channel. The double-bridge structure 205 reduces the overall structural stiffness, minimizing the impact of pressure on the support structure, while concentrating the destructive force of pressure on the double-bridge structure 205, ensuring that other components are protected from sudden pressure changes. Even if deformation occurs, the support member 2 can be restored to its normal state by replacing the deformed double-bridge structure. After using the aforementioned damping design and reinforcement structure, adjacent sections 201 achieve ideal support effects, improving bending, shear, and compressive resistance, mitigating the impact of internal stress caused by sudden changes in vertical support pressure and lateral pressure or soil settlement in the connecting channel, and resolving the temperature stress problem of the solid body 204 structure. Without affecting the overall structural integrity, the structure is made more complete, effectively providing structural strength.

[0063] According to a preferred embodiment, the hollow tubular structure of the section rod 201 includes at least an outermost bearing layer 209 and steel strands 210 embedded in the inner bearing layer 209. The bearing layer 209 forms a hollow tubular structure, with the steel strands 210 embedded around the inner wall of the bearing layer 209. At least two steel strands 210 are interleaved within the bearing layer 209 to increase the bending resistance of the section rod 201. Shorter section rods 201 have better bending resistance than longer rods, and the detachable connection facilitates transportation and assembly. Preferably, the end of the section rod 201 connected to the connector 203 is provided with at least two spring cavities 211 for increasing axial force, each spring cavity 211 containing a spring. The spring cavities 211 are located within the bearing layer 209. One-quarter of the spring's length is located outside the bearing layer 209 and, after the section rod 201 is connected to the connecting rod, is pressed into the spring cavity 211 by a solid body 204, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the section rod 201. The hollow design of section 201 also reduces the weight of the support.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment may be a further improvement and / or supplement to the foregoing embodiments, and repeated content will not be described again. Where there is no conflict or contradiction, the whole and / or part of the preferred embodiments of other embodiments may be used as supplements to this embodiment.

[0066] The present invention also relates to an installation method for a support device used in the construction of a shield tunnel connecting passage, which includes at least the following steps: connecting two shafts in a cross-shaped manner according to the diameter of the shield tunnel to construct a support main shaft 1; connecting any two adjacent ends of the support main shaft 1 through support rods 2; connecting multiple support rods 2 through sliding support rails 3; movably connecting one end of a telescopic support rod 4 to the sliding support rail 3 so that it can translate along the axis of the sliding support rail 3; and installing a sliding platform 5 at the other end of the telescopic support rod 4 to adjust the working position of the drilling equipment.

[0067] According to a preferred embodiment, the sliding support rail 3 is arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel, allowing the sliding platform 5 to slide within the shield tunnel. The sliding platform 5 can also drive the drilling equipment to rotate at multiple angles within its platform surface. The prefabricated support of this invention not only enables rapid assembly within the tunnel, allowing the drilling equipment to slide on the support to meet hole position requirements, but also reinforces the tunnel lining segments to meet opening requirements, replacing conventional portal steel ring reinforcement measures.

[0068] The existing scaffolding system uses steel pipes, specifically Φ42mm steel pipes with a 3.5mm wall thickness. The uprights are straight and free of cracks, burrs, indentations, and deep scratches. Forged iron couplers are used, ensuring they are undamaged, flexible, and that bolt threads are undamaged. Key points for erection include: uprights are vertically supported on the concrete slabs; after each step of scaffolding is completed, the verticality, spacing, and horizontal and longitudinal bars, as well as the joint couplers, must be checked and corrected; the step distance, longitudinal spacing, and transverse spacing, and the verticality of the uprights must be strictly avoided. If the upright spacing is insufficient, they must be butted. Longitudinal horizontal bars can be butted or lapped, and scissor braces must be lapped. Horizontal bars must be at least 1 meter long and have 3 couplers. Scissor brace laps must be at least 1 meter long and have at least 2 couplers. Platforms are connected using 50mm thick wooden planks, which are then secured to the scaffolding with wire, ensuring a flat and stable surface. Construction measures include: the spacing of uprights, main horizontal members, and secondary horizontal members should comply with specifications and construction plan requirements. When increased spacing is needed at doorways or other locations, reinforcement should be carried out according to specifications. Uprights are the main load-bearing members of the scaffolding; their spacing should be uniform and not increased, otherwise the load-bearing capacity of the uprights will be reduced. Changes in the step distance of the main horizontal members also directly affect the load-bearing capacity of the scaffolding; when the step distance increases to 1.8m, the critical load decreases by 27%. Scissor bracing is an important measure to prevent longitudinal deformation of the scaffolding. Properly installed scissor bracing can also enhance the overall rigidity of the scaffolding and increase its load-bearing capacity by more than 12%. Each set of scissor bracing spans 5-7 uprights (>6m), and the angle between the diagonal bracing and the ground should be between 45° and 60°. For single and double-row scaffolding with a height of less than 24m, scissor bracing must be continuously installed along the length and height of the outer facade. The diagonal bracing members should be connected to the uprights and extended secondary horizontal members. All extensions of the diagonal bracing members of the scissor bracing shall be made by overlapping, with an overlap length of not less than 0.5m, and two fasteners shall be installed.

[0069] The scaffolding constructed using the above method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring the laying of footboards to accommodate the drilling equipment. The construction period is long, and its use is inflexible. Each fixed support point of the scaffolding is secured only through bolt holes on the inside of the concrete segment, leaving the remaining support points suspended, resulting in poor stability and necessitating additional reinforcement devices to ensure construction safety. The drilling equipment is fixed behind the footboards and cannot be moved. Due to the complex distribution of freezing hole locations during freezing method construction, the drilling equipment needs to be moved multiple times to improve the accuracy of the freezing holes. This existing scaffolding technology increases the difficulty of on-site construction.

[0070] The prefabricated support structure developed in this invention provides an installation and fixing platform for drilling equipment. The platform can slide longitudinally according to the drilling position. Furthermore, the platform ends have support rods, allowing the entire platform to rise up to 1.2m, meeting the drilling equipment's construction height requirements. Support spindles are installed at both ends of the support structure, and sliding support rails are mounted thereon; their length is determined according to the width of the borehole opening. After the support spindles and sliding support rails are completed, they are connected into a whole using support rods. Intermediate support rods can be added at intervals as needed.

[0071] Throughout the text, the features indicated by “preferred” are only optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

[0072] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support device for the construction of a shield tunnel connecting passage, characterized in that, At least including: Several supporting spindles (1); The plane defined by several support spindles (1) intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the connecting channel, and the adjacent ends of the support spindles (1) are connected by support rods (2) to form a complete support frame. A sliding platform (5) that can adjust the working position of the drilling equipment is connected to the sliding support rail (3) that is perpendicular to the plane of the support spindles (1) and connected to the end of the support spindles (1) by a telescopic support rod (4). At least four of the support rods (2) are connected end to end to form a rectangular support frame that is internal to the inner wall of the shield tunnel. Support jacks (6) are installed on the tunnel wall between two adjacent internal ends of the rectangular support frame. The support jacks (6) are connected to the two adjacent internal ends of the rectangular support frame through the support rods (2) to form a polygonal support frame internal to the shield tunnel.

2. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod (2) is used to connect the adjacent ends of the shaft of the support spindle (1) to form a support frame together with the support spindle (1).

3. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding support rail (3) is used for the longitudinal movement of the sliding platform (5) along the connecting channel; The retractable support rod (4) is mounted on the sliding support rail (3) and is used to adjust the height of the sliding platform (5); The sliding platform (5) is supported on the support spindle (1) by a telescopic support rod (4) and can limit the working position of the drilling equipment.

4. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Several of the support spindles (1) are arranged in a cross manner with the support rods (2) to form a support frame, wherein the distribution and number of the several support spindles (1) are set based on the magnitude of the support pressure on the two sides of the connecting channel.

5. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two sides of the support frame are wedge-shaped areas, and the lateral pressure is calculated based on a uniformly distributed load to obtain the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure values ​​of the connecting passage.

6. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure, several of the aforementioned support spindles (1) are set in the wedge-shaped area so that the support device can be used to ensure the safety and stability of the segments during the opening process. The several of the aforementioned support spindles (1) can be set in such a way that the cross section of the connecting channel is equally divided.

7. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 6, characterized in that, At least two intersecting support main shafts (1) are provided with polygonal brackets for reinforcement. The polygonal brackets include: right-angled triangular brackets and / or trapezoidal brackets. The polygonal brackets fill the gaps between the support main shafts and form a support structure. The right-angled triangular brackets and trapezoidal brackets are used to fill the wedge-shaped areas on both sides of the communication channel. The polygonal brackets also include Z-shaped brackets to fill the irregular areas of the communication channel.

8. The support device for shield tunneling construction as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The support rod (2) can be combined by connecting several groups of sections (201), so that the support rod (2) is divided into several groups of short rods to resist the changes in the vertical support pressure and lateral pressure value of the connecting channel.

9. A method for installing a support device for shield tunnel construction, characterized in that, It includes at least the following steps: The two shafts are connected in a cross shape according to the diameter of the shield tunnel to construct the main support shaft (1). Connect any two adjacent ends of the main support shaft (1) with support rods (2) so that at least four support rods (2) are connected end to end to construct a rectangular support frame that is inlaid in the inner wall of the shield tunnel. A support jack (6) is installed on the tunnel wall between two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame, and the support jack (6) is connected to the two adjacent inner ends of the rectangular support frame through a support rod (2), thereby constructing a polygonal support frame in the interior of the shield tunnel. Multiple support rods (2) are connected by sliding support rails (3); One end of the telescopic support rod (4) is movably connected to the sliding support rail (3), so that it can translate along the axis of the sliding support rail (3); A sliding platform (5) capable of adjusting the working position of the drilling equipment is installed at the other end of the telescopic support rod (4).

10. The installation method of the support device for shield tunnel construction as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The sliding support rail (3) is set along the axial direction of the shield tunnel, so that the sliding platform (5) can slide inside the shield tunnel. The sliding platform (5) can also drive the drilling equipment to rotate at multiple angles on its platform surface.

Images