A roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief

Abstract

The present invention provides a roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief, which relates to the technical field of mining equipment. The roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief of the present invention includes a conveying pipe. The conveying pipe is slidably connected with a limiting shell. The limiting shell is slidably connected with a limiting disc through a limiting rod. The limiting disc is fixedly connected with a connecting ring through a support rod. The connecting ring is provided with circumferentially distributed blind holes. A bracket is slidably connected in the blind holes of the connecting ring. The limiting shell is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed fixing rods. Symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks are slidably connected to the symmetrically distributed fixing rods. The symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks are fixedly connected with a support shell, and the support shell is fixedly connected with an airbag. The present invention seals the boreholes at the right end of the anchoring layer through the airbag, avoids the quick-setting material from flushing into the expansion area, reduces the stress concentration in the expansion area, and ensures that the quick-setting material filled in the boreholes of the anchoring layer is in a high-pressure state by injecting the quick-setting material into the boreholes of the anchoring layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, and more specifically to a roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief. Background Art

[0002] Currently, when drilling in the swelling area, since the anchoring layer is close to the roadway while the swelling area is far from the roadway, the borehole needs to penetrate the anchoring layer before drilling the swelling area. And after drilling in the swelling area is completed, a quick-setting material needs to be injected into the borehole to grout and reinforce the anchoring layer to ensure the support strength of the anchoring layer. However, there is no clear control over the diffusion range of the grout during borehole grouting reinforcement. When the grouting range does not reach the junction of the anchoring layer and the swelling area, the boreholes opened in the anchoring layer will not be completely filled, thus affecting the support strength of the anchoring layer. When the grouting range exceeds the junction of the anchoring layer and the swelling area, some grout will enter the swelling area, and in severe cases, the entire swelling area will be filled, that is, the drilled boreholes will be filled, and thus the pressure relief of the swelling area cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief to stabilize the anchoring layer.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief includes a delivery pipe connected to a grouting device. The delivery pipe is slidably connected to a limit housing. The limit housing is slidably connected to a limit plate through a limit rod. The limit plate is fixedly connected to a connecting ring through a support rod. The connecting ring is provided with circumferentially distributed blind holes. A bracket is slidably connected in the blind holes of the connecting ring. A first spring is fixedly connected between the bracket and the connecting ring. The bracket is rotatably connected to a guide wheel. The limit housing is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed fixing rods. Symmetrically distributed first limit blocks are slidably connected to the symmetrically distributed fixing rods. The symmetrically distributed first limit blocks are fixedly connected to a support housing. An airbag is fixedly connected to the support housing. The support housing is provided with a through hole communicating with the airbag. The support housing is provided with a clamping mechanism for locking the support housing. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed pressurizing components for increasing the pressure inside the support housing. The delivery pipe is provided with a limiting component for limiting the clamping mechanism. The limit plate is provided with an intercepting mechanism for intercepting the quick-setting material. The airbag is placed at the junction of the anchoring layer and the swelling area, and gas is injected into the airbag through the pressurizing components, and the airbag expands to block the right end of the borehole in the anchoring layer.

[0006] Preferably, the guide wheel is made of an elastic material, and a row of chutes are provided on the outer side surface of the guide wheel to increase the friction between the guide wheel and the borehole in the anchoring layer.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a first sliding rod which is slidably connected to the support housing. A second spring is fixedly connected between the first sliding rod and the support housing. The support housing is hinged with circumferentially distributed first connecting rods. The circumferentially distributed first connecting rods are hinged with second connecting rods. The circumferentially distributed second connecting rods are hinged with the first sliding rod. The circumferentially distributed first connecting rods are fixedly connected with second limit blocks.

[0008] Preferably, a row of friction blocks are arranged on the outer side surface of the second limit block. The friction blocks are made of elastic materials and are used to increase the friction force between the friction blocks and the inner wall of the drilled hole of the anchoring layer.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the friction block of the second limit block close to the drilled hole on the anchoring layer is set as an arc surface to increase the contact area between the friction block and the inner wall of the drilled hole of the anchoring layer.

[0010] Preferably, the pressurizing assembly includes circumferentially distributed sleeves which are all fixedly connected inside the support housing. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed through holes. A second sliding rod is slidably connected in the through holes of the support housing. The second sliding rod is fixedly connected with a push plate which is slidably connected with the sleeve. The push plate is located inside the sleeve. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed ventilation holes. The ventilation holes of the support housing are communicated with the adjacent sleeves. The first sliding rod is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed connecting plates. The connecting plates are in pressing cooperation with the second sliding rod.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes symmetrically distributed first locking blocks which are all fixedly connected to the conveying pipe. The first locking blocks are in limiting cooperation with the first limit blocks. The first locking blocks are fixedly connected with limiting columns. The first sliding rod is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed second locking blocks. The second locking blocks are provided with blind holes which are slidably connected with the limiting columns.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes an intercepting plate which is fixedly connected to the limit disk. The intercepting plate is made of elastic materials. The limit disk is provided with a driving assembly for separating the limit housing and the limit disk from each other.

[0013] Preferably, the limit housing is fixedly connected with a convex ring. The side of the convex ring close to the intercepting plate is set as an arc surface matching with it to increase the contact area between the convex ring and the intercepting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the driving assembly includes an extrusion block. The conveying pipe is provided with a sliding groove. The extrusion block is slidably connected in the sliding groove of the conveying pipe through a sliding block. The limit housing and the limit disk are both fixedly connected with support columns through support rods. The support columns are in limiting cooperation with the outer side surface of the extrusion block. A third spring is fixedly connected between the limit housing and the limit disk.

[0015] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief realizes the control of the grouting range by precisely sealing the junction of the anchoring layer and the expansion area, ensures the support strength of the anchoring layer while preventing the quick-setting material from entering the expansion area. By injecting the quick-setting material into the boreholes of the anchoring layer, it ensures that the quick-setting material filled in the boreholes is in a high-pressure state, and the method of filling materials in sequence increases the filling degree of the quick-setting material in the boreholes. The quick-setting material in the high-pressure state increases the stability of the anchoring layer. The fixed rod always limits the first limit block, ensuring that the axis of the support shell is perpendicular to the axis of the borehole, so that the axis of the airbag is perpendicular to the axis of the borehole, and the airbag will not tilt during subsequent expansion. The clamping mechanism improves the stability of the support shell and the airbag in the borehole, avoiding the problem that the increased pressure on the left side of the support shell and the airbag will cause the support shell and the airbag to enter the expansion area, resulting in the leakage of the quick-setting material located in the boreholes of the anchoring layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the airbag of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a partial sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is an enlarged three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of part A of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the first locking block of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the intercepting plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the extrusion block of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure,

[0025] 1. Delivery pipe, 2. Limit housing, 3. Limit rod, 4. Limit disk, 5. Connecting ring, 6. Bracket, 7. First spring, 8. Guide wheel, 9. Fixed rod, 901. First limit block, 10. Support housing, 11. Airbag, 1201. First sliding rod, 1202. Second spring, 1203. First connecting rod, 1204. Second connecting rod, 1205. Second limit block, 1301. Sleeve, 1302. Second sliding rod, 1303. Pushing disk, 1304. Connecting plate, 1401. First locking block, 1402. Limit column, 1403. Second locking block, 1501. Intercepting plate, 1502. Convex ring, 1503. Extrusion block, 1504. Support column, 1505. Third spring, 16. Anchoring layer, 17. Expansion area. Detailed implementation manner

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention will be described more comprehensively with reference to the attached drawings later. In fact, various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention meets the applicable legal requirements.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, a roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief is provided, such as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, it includes a delivery pipe 1 connected to a grouting device. The grouting device injects a quick-setting material into the delivery pipe 1. The right part of the delivery pipe 1 is slidably connected with a limit housing 2. The left side surface of the limit housing 2 is slidably connected with a limit disc 4 through a limit rod 3. The limit disc 4 is welded with a connecting ring 5 through a support rod. The outer side surface of the connecting ring 5 is provided with three circumferentially distributed blind holes. A bracket 6 is slidably connected in the blind hole of the connecting ring 5. A first spring 7 is fixedly connected between the bracket 6 and the connecting ring 5. The bracket 6 is rotatably connected with a guide wheel 8. Under the elastic force of the first spring 7, the guide wheel 8 supports this protection device in the drill hole. The material of the guide wheel 8 is an elastic material. A row of chutes is arranged on the outer side surface of the guide wheel 8 to increase the friction force between the guide wheel 8 and the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16. Under the elastic force of the first spring 7, the guide wheel 8 is extruded against the inner side surface of the drill hole, so that the three guide wheels 8 cannot rotate in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the drill hole. The limit housing 2 is welded with fixing rods 9 symmetrically distributed up and down. The right ends of the fixing rods 9 symmetrically distributed up and down are both slidably connected with a first limit block 901. The symmetrically distributed first limit blocks 901 are welded with a support housing 10. An airbag 11 is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the support housing 10. The support housing 10 is provided with a through hole communicating with the airbag 11. The support housing 10 is provided with a clamping mechanism for locking the support housing 10. The support housing 10 is provided with a circumferentially distributed pressurizing component for increasing the pressure in the support housing 10. The delivery pipe 1 is provided with a limiting component for limiting the clamping mechanism. The limit disc 4 is provided with an intercepting mechanism for intercepting the quick-setting material. The airbag 11 is placed at the junction of the anchoring layer 16 and the expansion area 17. Gas is injected into the airbag 11 through the pressurizing component. The airbag 11 expands to block the right end of the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16, so that the diffusion range of the subsequent quick-setting material reaches the junction of the anchoring layer 16 and the expansion area 17, ensuring the support strength of the anchoring layer 16 and avoiding the quick-setting material from flushing into the expansion area 17.

[0029] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown in the figure, the clamping mechanism includes a first sliding rod 1201. The first sliding rod 1201 is slidably connected to the support housing 10. A second spring 1202 is fixedly connected between the first sliding rod 1201 and the right side surface of the support housing 10. The support housing 10 is hinged with three circumferentially distributed first connecting rods 1203. The three circumferentially distributed first connecting rods 1203 are hinged with a second connecting rod 1204. The three circumferentially distributed second connecting rods 1204 are hinged with the first sliding rod 1201. The circumferentially distributed first connecting rods 1203 are connected with a second limit block 1205 through bolts. During the process of the support housing 10 moving to the right, under the limitation of the second connecting rod 1204, the first connecting rod 1203 drives the adjacent second limit block 1205 to contact the inner wall of the drill hole. Through the elastic force of the second spring 1202, the second limit block 1205 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, and the support housing 10 is propped up and fixed in the drill hole.

[0030] As Figure 3 shown, a row of friction blocks is arranged on the outer side of the second limiting block 1205. The friction blocks are made of elastic material and are used to increase the friction force between the friction blocks and the inner wall of the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16, ensuring that the friction blocks will not move to the right. The side of the friction blocks of the second limiting block close to the drill hole on the anchoring layer 16 is set as an arc surface, which is used to increase the contact area between the friction blocks and the inner wall of the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16, improving the stability of the support shell 10 and the airbag 11 in the drill hole, and avoiding the problem that the support shell 10 and the airbag 11 are flushed into the expansion area 17 due to the increase of the left-side pressure, resulting in the leakage of the quick-setting material located in the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16.

[0031] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the pressurizing assembly includes circumferentially distributed sleeves 1301. The circumferentially distributed sleeves 1301 are all welded inside the support shell 10. The right side surface of the sleeve 1301 contacts the right side surface inside the support shell 10. The support shell 10 is provided with circumferentially distributed through holes. A second sliding rod 1302 is slidably connected inside the through holes of the support shell 10. A push plate 1303 slidably connected to the sleeve 1301 is welded to the left end of the second sliding rod 1302. The push plate 1303 is located inside the sleeve 1301. The support shell 10 is provided with circumferentially distributed ventilation holes. The ventilation holes of the support shell 10 are communicated with the adjacent sleeves 1301. A circumferentially distributed connecting plate 1304 is welded to the first sliding rod 1201. The connecting plate 1304 is in extrusion fit with the second sliding rod 1302. After being limited by the connecting plate 1304, the second sliding rod 1302 moves leftward relative to the support shell 10. The second sliding rod 1302 drives the push plate 1303 to move leftward relative to the support shell 10. The push plate 1303 pushes the gas inside the sleeve 1301 into the support shell 10. The gas inside the support shell 10 enters the airbag 11 through the through holes communicated with the airbag 11 on the support shell 10, and the airbag 11 starts to expand.

[0032] As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, the limiting assembly includes symmetrically distributed first locking blocks 1401. The symmetrically distributed first locking blocks 1401 are all welded to the conveying pipe 1. The first locking blocks 1401 are in limiting fit with the first limiting blocks 901. A limiting column 1402 is welded to the first locking blocks 1401. Symmetrically distributed second locking blocks 1403 are fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 1201. The second locking blocks 1403 are provided with blind holes slidably connected to the limiting columns 1402.

[0033] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the clamping mechanism includes an intercepting plate 1501. The intercepting plate 1501 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the limiting disk 4. The material of the intercepting plate 1501 is an elastic material. The limiting housing 2 drives the intercepting plate 1501 away from the limiting housing 2, and the limiting housing 2 gradually releases the limitation on the intercepting plate 1501. When the intercepting plate 1501 is released from the limitation of the limiting housing 2, the intercepting plate 1501 deforms, and the right part of the intercepting plate 1501 begins to expand outward, so that the left side surface of the intercepting plate 1501 fits against the inner wall of the drilling hole. The limiting disk 4 is provided with a driving component for moving the limiting housing 2 and the limiting disk 4 away from each other.

[0034] As Figure 6 shown, the limiting housing 2 is fixedly connected with a convex ring 1502. The side of the convex ring 1502 close to the intercepting plate 1501 is set as an arc surface matching with it, increasing the contact area between the convex ring 1502 and the right side surface of the intercepting plate 1501, so that the extrusion area on the right side surface of the intercepting plate 1501 increases, thereby enhancing the contact area between the intercepting plate 1501 and the inner wall of the drilling hole and improving the sealing performance between the intercepting plate 1501 and the inside of the drilling hole.

[0035] As Figure 6 ever Figure 7 shown, the driving component includes an extrusion block 1503. The extrusion block 1503 is located between the limiting housing 2 and the limiting disk 4. The conveying pipe 1 is provided with a chute. The extrusion block 1503 is slidably connected through a slider in the chute of the conveying pipe 1. Both the limiting housing 2 and the limiting disk 4 are welded with support columns 1504 through support rods. The support columns 1504 are in limit fit with the outer side surface of the extrusion block 1503. The rotation of the extrusion block 1503 drives the two support columns 1504 away from each other. A third spring 1505 is fixedly connected between the limiting housing 2 and the limiting disk 4.

[0036] When drilling and pressure relief are carried out on the coal seam roadway, the operator first uses a drilling device to drill holes in the expansion area 17 where pressure relief is required. The drill bit of the drilling device will first penetrate the anchoring layer 16. After drilling, if the expansion area 17 undergoes pressure expansion, it will release pressure into the drilling hole. After drilling, the stress concentration degree in the expansion area 17 decreases, alleviating the stamping danger. When the drilling is completed, the operator places the grouting device at the drilling hole outlet, and the operator places this protection device into the drilling hole. The specific operation is as follows: The operator puts this protection device into the drilling hole opening through the conveying pipe 1. Under the elastic force of the first spring 7, the guide wheel 8 supports this protection device. After this protection device is placed, the operator gradually pushes this protection device into the drilling hole through the conveying pipe 1 and makes the axis of the conveying pipe 1 coincide with the axis of the drilling hole. When this protection device moves to the right end of the drilling hole of the anchoring layer 16, the operator stops pushing the conveying pipe 1 into the drilling hole. At this time, the position of this protection device is as Figure 1 shown.

[0037] In the initial state, the second spring 1202 is in a stretched state. The second spring 1202 exerts a leftward pulling force on the right end of the first slide bar 1201. The first slide bar 1201 presses the first locking block 1401 through the second locking block 1403 thereon, causing the first locking block 1401 to closely adhere to the first limiting block 901. The locking block 1401 limits the first limiting block 901 to prevent the limiting block 901 from moving to the right. After this protection device is placed, the operator rotates the conveying pipe 1 counterclockwise (this direction takes Figure 2 the right view as an example). Since the material of the guide wheel 8 is an elastic material, a row of sliding grooves is provided on the outer side of the guide wheel 8, which increases the friction force between the guide wheel 8 and the inner side of the drilling hole. Under the elastic force of the first spring 7, the guide wheel 8 is pressed against the inner side of the drilling hole, making it impossible for the three guide wheels 8 to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the drilling hole. Therefore, the connecting ring 5 cannot rotate. Since the limiting housing 2 is slidably connected to the limiting disk 4 through the limiting rod 3, and the fixing rod 9 is slidably connected to the first limiting block 901, the supporting housing 10 cannot rotate. When the conveying pipe 1 rotates, the conveying pipe 1 drives the two first locking blocks 1401 to rotate, and the first locking blocks 1401 gradually become misaligned with the adjacent first limiting blocks 901. The two first locking blocks 1401 drive the adjacent second locking blocks 1403 to rotate through the limiting columns 1402. When the first locking blocks 1401 release the limitation on the first limiting blocks 901, the second spring 1202 resets, and the second spring 1202 drives the supporting housing 10 to move to the right. The supporting housing 10 drives the two first limiting blocks 901 away from the adjacent fixing rods 9. During the process of the first limiting blocks 901 moving to the right, the fixing rods 9 always limit the first limiting blocks 901 to ensure that the axis of the supporting housing 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the drilling hole, making the airbag 11 perpendicular to the axis of the drilling hole. During the subsequent inflation process, the airbag 11 will not tilt, preventing a gap from existing between the airbag 11 and the inner wall of the drilling hole after the airbag 11 tilts, and ensuring that the airbag 11 can block the drilling hole.

[0038] During the movement of the support shell 10 to the right, under the limitation of the second connecting rod 1204, the first connecting rod 1203 drives the adjacent second limiting block 1205 to contact the inner wall of the borehole. Through the elastic force of the second spring 1202, the second limiting block 1205 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the borehole, so that the support shell 10 is propped up and fixed in the borehole. During the movement of the support shell 10 to the right, the second sliding bar 1302 is limited by the connecting plate 1304 and moves to the left relative to the support shell 10. The second sliding bar 1302 drives the push plate 1303 to move to the left. 03 moves to the left relative to the support shell 10, and the push plate 1303 pushes the gas in the sleeve 1301 into the support shell 10. The gas in the support shell 10 enters the airbag 11 through the through hole connecting the support shell 10 and the airbag 11. The airbag 11 begins to expand, and the outer side of the airbag 11 gradually contacts the inner wall of the borehole and seals the borehole, so that the subsequent quick-setting material diffuses to the junction of the anchor layer 16 and the expansion area 17, ensuring the support strength of the anchor layer 16 while preventing the quick-setting material from rushing into the expansion area 17.

[0039] During the rotation of the conveying tube 1, the conveying tube 1 drives the extrusion block 1503 to rotate through the slider, and the extrusion block 1503 makes the two support columns 1504 move away from each other. At the same time, the limit shell 2 and the limit plate 4 move away from each other, and the limit shell 2 drives the intercepting plate 1501 away from the limit shell 2. The limit shell 2 gradually releases the limit on the intercepting plate 1501. When the intercepting plate 1501 is separated from the limit of the limit shell 2, since the intercepting plate 1501 is made of elastic material, the intercepting plate 1501 is deformed, and the right part of the intercepting plate 1501 begins to expand outward, so that the left side of the intercepting plate 1501 fits against the inner wall of the drilled hole, and the area between the intercepting plate 1501 and the airbag 11 is sealed.

[0040] When the interception plate 1501 is expanded, the operator pulls the conveying pipe 1 to the left, and the conveying pipe 1 drives the two first locking blocks 1401 to move to the left. When the first locking block 1401 moves to the left side of the first limit block 901, the operator rotates the conveying pipe 1 in the opposite direction to reset it. During the reverse rotation of the conveying pipe 1, the conveying pipe 1 drives the extrusion block 1503 to rotate through the slider, and the third spring 1505 is reset. The limit housing 2 and the limit plate 4 approach each other, and the limit housing 2 drives the convex ring 1502 to approach the interception plate 1501. The two support columns 1504 approach each other. When the extrusion block 1503 is rotated in the opposite direction, the third spring 1505 is reset. After block 1503 is reset, under the elastic force of the third spring 1505, the limit shell 2 drives the convex ring 1502 to squeeze the right side of the interception plate 1501, so that the interception plate 1501 is close to the inner wall of the borehole. Since the side of the convex ring 1502 close to the interception plate 1501 is set as an arc surface matching it, the contact area between the convex ring 1502 and the right side of the interception plate 1501 is increased, and the squeezed area of ​​the right side of the interception plate 1501 is increased, thereby enhancing the contact area between the interception plate 1501 and the inner wall of the borehole, and improving the sealing of the interception plate 1501 and the inside of the borehole.

[0041] When the slider fixedly connected to the extrusion block 1503 moves to the right end of the chute of the conveying pipe 1, the operator stops pulling the conveying pipe 1 to the left. Subsequently, the operator starts the grouting equipment to convey the quick-setting material into the conveying pipe 1. The quick-setting material in the conveying pipe 1 enters the area between the intercepting plate 1501 and the airbag 11. As the quick-setting material between the intercepting plate 1501 and the airbag 11 increases, the pressure on the left side surfaces of the support housing 10 and the airbag 11 gradually increases. Under the limitation of the second connecting rod 1204, the support housing 10 squeezes the second limiting block 1205 through the first connecting rod 1203, further increasing the friction between the second limiting block 1205 and the inner wall of the drill hole. And one side of the friction block close to the drill hole on the anchoring layer 16 is provided with an arc surface, increasing the contact area between the friction block and the inner wall of the anchoring layer 16. The material of the friction block is an elastic material. When the friction block contacts the inner wall of the anchoring layer 16, the friction block deforms, and the placing direction of the friction block is perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the drill hole, ensuring that the friction block will not move to the right, increasing the friction between the friction block and the inner wall of the anchoring layer 16, improving the stability of the support housing 10 and the airbag 11 in the drill hole, and preventing the support housing 10 and the airbag 11 from being squeezed into the drill hole in the expansion area 17 due to the increase in the left side pressure, resulting in the quick-setting material entering the expansion area 17 and affecting the stress concentration in the expansion area 17.

[0042] When the pressure between the intercepting plate 1501 and the airbag 11 increases, the pressure on the right side surface of the limiting housing 2 increases. The limiting housing 2 drives the convex ring 1502 to squeeze the intercepting plate 1501, further increasing the sealing performance between the intercepting plate 1501 and the inner wall of the drill hole and preventing the quick-setting material from leaking. When the area between the intercepting plate 1501 and the airbag 11 is filled with the quick-setting material, the operator pulls the conveying pipe 1 to the left. The conveying pipe 1 drives the parts thereon and the limiting housing 2 to move to the left. During the process of the limiting housing 2 moving to the left, the grouting equipment fills the quick-setting material between the limiting housing 2 and the airbag 11. The operator controls the moving speed of the conveying pipe 1 to the left to ensure that the pressure in the drill hole of the anchoring layer is in a high-pressure state. The quick-setting material in the high-pressure state increases the stability of the anchoring layer. And the method of filling the drill hole in sequence from right to left, compared with the existing method of uniformly filling the drill hole, increases the filling degree of the quick-setting material in the drill hole. When the limiting housing 2 moves to the left end of the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16, the operator takes out the limiting housing 2 from the drill hole and seals the outlet of the drill hole. The drill hole at the right end of the anchoring layer 16 is sealed by the airbag 11, and high-pressure quick-setting material is injected into the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16. The high-pressure state cooperates with the filling method from right to left to fill the drill hole of the anchoring layer 16, reducing the stress concentration in the expansion area 17 while restoring the strength of the anchoring layer 16.

[0043] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the roadway protection device for coal mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief of the present invention. The above specific embodiments have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief, characterized in that: It includes a conveying pipe connected to a grouting device. The conveying pipe is slidably connected to a limiting housing. The limiting housing is slidably connected to a limiting disc through a limiting rod. The limiting disc is fixedly connected to a connecting ring through a support rod. The connecting ring is provided with circumferentially distributed blind holes. A bracket is slidably connected in the blind holes of the connecting ring. A first spring is fixedly connected between the bracket and the connecting ring. The bracket is rotatably connected to a guide wheel. The limiting housing is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed fixing rods. The symmetrically distributed fixing rods are all slidably connected with first limiting blocks. The symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks are fixedly connected to a support housing. The support housing is fixedly connected with an airbag. The support housing is provided with a through hole communicating with the airbag. The support housing is provided with a clamping mechanism for locking the support housing. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed pressurizing components for increasing the pressure inside the support housing. The conveying pipe is provided with a limiting component for limiting the clamping mechanism. The limiting disc is provided with an intercepting mechanism for intercepting the quick-setting material. The airbag is placed at the junction of the anchoring layer and the expansion area. Gas is injected into the airbag through the pressurizing component. The airbag expands to block the right end of the borehole in the anchoring layer; The guide wheel is made of an elastic material. A row of sliding grooves is provided on the outer side surface of the guide wheel to increase the friction force between the guide wheel and the borehole in the anchoring layer; The clamping mechanism includes a first sliding rod slidably connected to the support housing. A second spring is fixedly connected between the first sliding rod and the support housing. The support housing is hinged with circumferentially distributed first connecting rods. The circumferentially distributed first connecting rods are hinged with second connecting rods. The circumferentially distributed second connecting rods are hinged with the first sliding rod. The circumferentially distributed first connecting rods are fixedly connected with second limiting blocks; A row of friction blocks is provided on the outer side surface of the second limiting block. The friction blocks are made of an elastic material to increase the friction force between the friction blocks and the inner wall of the borehole in the anchoring layer; The side of the friction block of the second limiting block close to the upper borehole in the anchoring layer is set as an arc surface to increase the contact area between the friction block and the inner wall of the borehole in the anchoring layer; The pressurizing component includes circumferentially distributed sleeves fixedly connected inside the support housing. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed through holes. A second sliding rod is slidably connected in the through holes of the support housing. The second sliding rod is fixedly connected with a push plate slidably connected to the sleeve. The push plate is located inside the sleeve. The support housing is provided with circumferentially distributed ventilation holes. The ventilation holes of the support housing are communicated with the adjacent sleeves. The first sliding rod is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed connecting plates. The connecting plates are in pressing fit with the second sliding rod.

2. The roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes symmetrically distributed first locking blocks fixedly connected to the conveying pipe. The symmetrically distributed first locking blocks are in limiting cooperation with the first limiting blocks. The first locking blocks are fixedly connected with limiting columns. The first sliding rod is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed second locking blocks. The second locking blocks are provided with blind holes slidably connected to the limiting columns.

3. The roadway protection device for coal mine mining based on the principle of borehole pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes an intercepting plate which is fixedly connected to the limit disk. The intercepting plate is made of an elastic material, and the limit disk is provided with a driving component for separating the limit housing from the limit disk.

4. A roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limit housing is fixedly connected with a convex ring, and the side of the convex ring close to the intercepting plate is set as an arc surface matching with it to increase the contact area between the convex ring and the intercepting plate.

5. A roadway protection device for coal mine excavation based on the principle of borehole pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes an extrusion block. The conveying pipe is provided with a chute, and the extrusion block is slidably connected through a slider in the chute of the conveying pipe. Both the limit housing and the limit disk are fixedly connected with support columns through support rods. The support columns are in limit cooperation with the outer side surface of the extrusion block, and a third spring is fixedly connected between the limit housing and the limit disk.

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