Self-locking latch positioning mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-locking latch positioning mechanism, comprising a base, a telescopic shaft, a positioning pin, a fixed tapered sleeve, a movable tapered sleeve, a positioning shaft, an eccentric shaft, a limit screw, and a limit bolt. The base has a stepped hole in the vertical direction, the telescopic shaft sleeve is inserted into the stepped hole of the base, and a positioning pin is fixed to the upper end surface. The positioning shaft is fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base. The limit bolt is screwed into the screw hole of the base and inserted into the limit groove of the telescopic shaft. When the mechanism is in the initial state, the positioning pin is located in the stepped hole of the base, the movable tapered sleeve is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber, the movable tapered sleeve does not contact the fixed tapered sleeve, and the small end of the eccentric shaft is at the lowest end. When the mechanism is in the working state, the positioning pin is ejected from the stepped hole of the base, the movable tapered sleeve moves up to its position, the fixed tapered sleeve is tightly clamped to the telescopic shaft, and the small end of the eccentric shaft is at the highest end. This invention improves the processing quality and product qualification rate of workpieces, extends the service life of the positioning pin, and is more suitable for hole positioning of heavy workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of latch positioning and relates to a self-locking latch positioning mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Positioning with fixed locating pins is a very widely used positioning method in the field of tooling design. However, when using fixed locating pins to position ultra-heavy workpieces, it is very difficult to accurately place the workpiece into the locating pins. The workpiece and the locating pins often collide. Since the workpiece is too heavy, inadvertent collisions often cause damage to the workpiece locating holes and fixed locating pins. When the workpiece is removed after processing, the fixed locating pins will also be damaged because the workpiece cannot be guaranteed to be lifted absolutely horizontally when it is hoisted. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a self-locking pin positioning mechanism, which ensures that the workpiece does not collide with the positioning pin during positioning installation and removal after processing, and the workpiece positioning hole and positioning pin are no longer damaged, thereby improving the processing quality of the workpiece and the product qualification rate, while extending the service life of the positioning pin. It is more suitable for hole positioning of heavy workpieces, is easy to operate, and saves time.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a self-locking latch positioning mechanism, comprising a base, a telescopic shaft, a positioning pin, a telescopic shaft clamping device, a positioning shaft, a positioning pin lifting mechanism, and a limiting mechanism; the base has a stepped hole in the vertical direction, the telescopic shaft is inserted into the stepped hole of the base through a sealing ring I embedded in a groove on the upper end surface of the base with a slight gap, and the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft is fixed with a positioning pin; the positioning shaft is sealed and fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base; the limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt, a limiting groove for the telescopic shaft to move up and down is formed on the telescopic shaft, and a screw hole is formed at a corresponding position on the base. The limiting bolt is screwed into the screw hole and inserted into the limiting groove, ensuring that the telescopic shaft can only move up and down and limiting its range of movement;

[0005] The telescopic shaft clamping device includes a fixed tapered sleeve and a movable tapered sleeve; the inner circles of the fixed tapered sleeve and the movable tapered sleeve are respectively assembled on the lower end of the telescopic shaft through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring II and the sealing ring III, and the outer circles of the two are respectively assembled in the step hole in the middle of the base through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring IV and the sealing ring V; the upper end face of the fixed tapered sleeve is connected to the middle step of the step hole of the base, and the lower end part of its outer circle is concave with a cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; the upper end of the inner circle of the movable tapered sleeve is provided with a tapered groove that matches the concave cone of the outer circle of the fixed tapered sleeve; An upper oil chamber is provided between the upper end surfaces; a lower oil chamber is provided between the upper end surface of the positioning shaft and the lower end surfaces of the telescopic shaft and the movable tapered sleeve; when the mechanism is in the initial state, the positioning pin is located in the stepped hole of the base body, the movable tapered sleeve is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber, and the movable tapered sleeve does not contact the fixed tapered sleeve; when the mechanism is in the working state, the positioning pin is ejected from the stepped hole of the base body, the movable tapered sleeve moves up to its position, and holds the cone of the fixed tapered sleeve tightly so that the fixed tapered sleeve holds the telescopic shaft tightly; the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber are respectively connected to the oil circuit and the oil circuit extruded in the base body. When in use, the oil circuit and the oil circuit are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump station;

[0006] The positioning pin lifting mechanism includes an eccentric shaft and a limit screw; the eccentric shaft includes a large shaft end, a small shaft end eccentrically arranged on the end face of the large shaft end and a handle, and a limit ring groove is opened on the outer circle of the large shaft end; the wall of the base is also provided with a receiving hole for accommodating the large shaft end of the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft relative to the lower part of the receiving hole is provided with an insertion hole for the small shaft end of the eccentric shaft; the eccentric shaft is inserted into the receiving hole of the base, the large shaft end is placed in the receiving hole, and the small shaft end is placed in the insertion hole; a vertical threaded hole corresponding to the limit ring groove is also opened on the base, and the limit screw is threadedly connected to the vertical threaded hole, and the top end is connected to the limit ring groove; when the mechanism is in the initial state, the small shaft end is at the lowest end, and when the mechanism is in the working state, the small shaft end is at the highest end.

[0007] Further preferably, a positioning pin retaining groove and a threaded hole are provided at the center of the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft, and a countersunk hole is provided on the positioning pin that intersects with the threaded hole; a screw is threadedly connected through the countersunk hole of the positioning pin and fixed in the threaded hole of the telescopic shaft. The positioning pin fixation is simple and reliable.

[0008] Further preferably, a locking screw is threadedly fixed in the screw hole at the outer end of the limiting bolt, and the inner end of the locking screw is connected to the limiting bolt to further prevent the limiting bolt from loosening.

[0009] Further preferably, the limiting screw of the positioning pin lifting mechanism has a nut sunk into the base body's recess and locked on the base body, thereby further preventing the limiting screw from loosening.

[0010] Further preferably, the positioning shaft is fixed in the stepped hole at the bottom of the base body by another screw and a sealing ring VI embedded in the annular groove on the outer circle of the upper end portion thereof. The connection structure is simple and the sealing effect is good.

[0011] Further preferably, a cover plate is sleeved on the handle of the eccentric shaft, the cover plate is fixed on the outer wall of the base, and a dust ring sleeved and fixed on the outer circle of the eccentric shaft handle is nested in a fixing groove of the cover plate. The cover plate and the dust ring seal against dust.

[0012] When in use, the present invention is in an initial state, the positioning pin is located in the stepped hole of the base, the movable taper sleeve is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber, and the movable taper sleeve does not contact the fixed taper sleeve; the bottom end of the positioning shaft is fixed on the workbench, the positioning hole of the workpiece to be positioned is aligned with the positioning pin and then pressed onto the upper end surface of the base, and then the handle of the eccentric shaft is rotated manually, hydraulically, pneumatically or by a motor, and the small shaft end of the eccentric shaft rises, driving the telescopic shaft to rise, and the positioning pin is pushed out of the stepped hole of the base until it is completely extended into the positioning hole of the workpiece to be positioned; During the process of the retracting shaft rising, oil enters the lower oil chamber and oil exits the upper oil chamber, and the movable taper sleeve moves up until the fixed taper sleeve is firmly locked on the telescopic shaft. At this time, the limit screw is also tightened into the limit ring groove on the outer circle of the large shaft end of the eccentric shaft. After the workpiece is processed, oil exits the lower oil chamber and oil enters the upper oil chamber, and the movable taper sleeve moves down and separates from the fixed taper sleeve until it is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber. Then the limit screw is loosened, the eccentric shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, and the small shaft end of the eccentric shaft descends, driving the telescopic shaft to descend, retracting the locating pin into the stepped hole of the base body, and removing the workpiece. The locating pin of the present invention can be retracted and extended out of the stepped hole of the base body according to the use requirements of the workpiece being processed, ensuring that the workpiece does not collide with the locating pin during positioning and installation and removal after processing. The workpiece positioning hole and locating pin are no longer damaged, thereby improving the processing quality of the workpiece and the quality of the product, while extending the service life of the locating pin. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can be applied to various hole positioning scenarios, especially suitable for hole positioning of heavy workpieces. It is easy to operate and saves time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section of

[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the eccentric shaft of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 1 HH cross-sectional view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementations.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment includes a base 1, a telescopic shaft 2, a positioning pin 22, a telescopic shaft clamping device, a positioning shaft 11, a positioning pin lifting mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The base 1 has a stepped hole in the vertical direction. The telescopic shaft 2 is inserted into the stepped hole of the base 1 with a slight clearance via a sealing ring I 23 embedded in a groove on the upper end surface of the base 1. A positioning pin 22 is fixed to the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft 2. The preferred structure is as follows: a limiting groove and a threaded hole for the positioning pin are defined in the center of the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft 2. The positioning pin 22 has a countersunk hole that intersects the threaded hole. A screw 24 passes through the countersunk hole of the positioning pin 22 and is threadedly fixed into the threaded hole of the telescopic shaft 2. The positioning shaft 11 is sealed and fixed in the stepped hole at the lower portion of the base 1. The preferred structure is as follows: the positioning shaft 11 is fixed to the stepped hole at the lower portion of the base 1 by another screw 10 and a sealing ring VI 12 embedded in an annular groove on the outer circumference of its upper end. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt 18, a limiting groove 17 for the telescopic shaft to move up and down is opened on the telescopic shaft 2, and a screw hole is opened at the corresponding position of the base 1. The limiting bolt 18 is screwed into the screw hole and inserted into the limiting groove 17, ensuring that the telescopic shaft 2 can only move up and down and limiting its range of movement. Preferably, a locking screw 19 is also threadedly fixed in the screw hole at the outer end of the limiting bolt 18, and the inner end of the locking screw 19 is connected to the limiting bolt 18. The telescopic shaft clamping device includes a fixed conical sleeve 3 and a movable conical sleeve 6. The inner circles of the fixed conical sleeve 3 and the movable conical sleeve 6 are respectively assembled at the lower end of the telescopic shaft 2 through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring II16 and the sealing ring III8, and the outer circles of the two are respectively assembled in the stepped hole in the middle of the base 1 through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring IV4 and the sealing ring V7. The upper end face of the fixed tapered sleeve 3 abuts the middle step of the stepped hole in the base 1. The lower end of its outer circle is concave with a larger cone at the top and smaller at the bottom. The upper end of the inner circle of the movable tapered sleeve 6 has a tapered groove that matches the concave cone of the outer circle of the fixed tapered sleeve 3. An upper oil chamber 15 is provided between the lower step of the outer circle of the fixed tapered sleeve 3 and the upper end face of the movable tapered sleeve 6. A lower oil chamber 14 is provided between the upper end face of the positioning shaft 11 and the lower end faces of the telescopic shaft 2 and the movable tapered sleeve 6. When the mechanism is in the initial state, the positioning pin 22 is located in the stepped hole of the base 1, the movable taper sleeve 6 is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber 14, and the movable taper sleeve 6 does not contact the fixed taper sleeve 3; when the mechanism is in the working state, the positioning pin 22 is pushed out of the stepped hole of the base 1, and the movable taper sleeve 6 moves up to its position, holding the cone of the fixed taper sleeve 3 tightly so that the fixed taper sleeve 3 holds the telescopic shaft 2; the upper oil chamber 15 and the lower oil chamber 14 are respectively connected to the oil circuit 9 and the oil circuit 13 extruded in the base 1. When in use, the oil circuit 9 and the oil circuit 13 are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump station. Figure 2As shown, in order to seal the oil circuits, oil circuits 9 and 13 are both equipped with sealing ball plugs 5 at the outer ports of the transverse oil circuits located within the base 1. The positioning pin lifting mechanism includes an eccentric shaft 20 and a limit screw 29. The eccentric shaft 20 includes a large shaft end 25, a small shaft end 27 eccentrically arranged on the end face of the large shaft end, and a handle. A limit ring groove 26 is formed on the outer circumference of the large shaft end 25. A receiving hole for accommodating the large shaft end of the eccentric shaft is also formed in the wall of the base 1, and an insertion hole for the small shaft end of the eccentric shaft is formed in the eccentric shaft 20 below the receiving hole. The eccentric shaft 20 is inserted into the receiving hole of the base 1, with the large shaft end 25 placed in the receiving hole and the small shaft end 27 placed in the insertion hole. A vertical threaded hole corresponding to the limiting ring groove 26 is also provided on the base 1. A limiting screw 29 is threadedly connected to the vertical threaded hole, with the top end connected to the limiting ring groove 26. Preferably, the limiting screw 29 has a nut 28 that sinks into the groove of the base 1 and is locked and fixed to the base 1. When the mechanism is in the initial state, the small shaft end 27 is at the lowest end. When the mechanism is in the working state, the small shaft end 27 is at the highest end. Preferably, a cover plate 30 is sleeved on the handle of the eccentric shaft 20. The cover plate 30 is fixed to the outer wall of the base 1. The dust ring 31 sleeved and fixed on the outer circle of the eccentric shaft handle is nested in the fixing groove of the cover plate 30.

[0020] Of course, the present invention has many other embodiments. Without violating the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention. However, these corresponding changes and modifications should be regarded as improvements of equivalent technologies and fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-locking latch positioning mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a base, a telescopic shaft, a positioning pin, a telescopic shaft clamping device, a positioning shaft, a positioning pin lifting mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The base has a stepped hole in the vertical direction. The telescopic shaft is inserted into the stepped hole of the base through a sealing ring I embedded in the groove on the upper end surface of the base with a slight gap. The upper end surface of the telescopic shaft is fixed with a positioning pin. The positioning shaft is sealed and fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt. A limiting groove for the upward and downward movement of the telescopic shaft is opened on the telescopic shaft. A screw hole is opened at the corresponding position of the base. The limiting bolt is screwed into the screw hole and inserted into the limiting groove. The telescopic shaft clamping device includes a fixed tapered sleeve and a movable tapered sleeve; the inner circles of the fixed tapered sleeve and the movable tapered sleeve are respectively assembled on the lower end of the telescopic shaft through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring II and the sealing ring III, and the outer circles of the two are respectively assembled in the step hole in the middle of the base through the micro-gaps of the sealing ring IV and the sealing ring V; the upper end face of the fixed tapered sleeve is connected to the middle step of the step hole of the base, and the lower end part of its outer circle is concave with a cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; the upper end of the inner circle of the movable tapered sleeve is provided with a tapered groove that matches the concave cone of the outer circle of the fixed tapered sleeve; An upper oil chamber is provided between the upper end surfaces; a lower oil chamber is provided between the upper end surface of the positioning shaft and the lower end surfaces of the telescopic shaft and the movable tapered sleeve; when the mechanism is in the initial state, the positioning pin is located in the stepped hole of the base body, the movable tapered sleeve is located at the bottom of the lower oil chamber, and the movable tapered sleeve does not contact the fixed tapered sleeve; when the mechanism is in the working state, the positioning pin is ejected from the stepped hole of the base body, the movable tapered sleeve moves up to its position, and holds the cone of the fixed tapered sleeve tightly so that the fixed tapered sleeve holds the telescopic shaft tightly; the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber are respectively connected to the oil circuit and the oil circuit extruded in the base body. When in use, the oil circuit and the oil circuit are respectively connected to the hydraulic pump station; The positioning pin lifting mechanism includes an eccentric shaft and a limit screw; the eccentric shaft includes a large shaft end, a small shaft end eccentrically arranged on the end face of the large shaft end and a handle, and a limit ring groove is opened on the outer circle of the large shaft end; the wall of the base is also provided with a receiving hole for accommodating the large shaft end of the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft relative to the lower part of the receiving hole is provided with an insertion hole for the small shaft end of the eccentric shaft; the eccentric shaft is inserted into the receiving hole of the base, the large shaft end is placed in the receiving hole, and the small shaft end is placed in the insertion hole; a vertical threaded hole corresponding to the limit ring groove is also opened on the base, and the limit screw is threadedly connected to the vertical threaded hole, and the top end is connected to the limit ring groove; when the mechanism is in the initial state, the small shaft end is at the lowest end, and when the mechanism is in the working state, the small shaft end is at the highest end.

2. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove and a threaded hole for a positioning pin are provided at the center of the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft, and a countersunk hole communicating with the threaded hole is provided on the positioning pin; a screw passes through the countersunk hole of the positioning pin and is threadedly connected and fixed in the threaded hole of the telescopic shaft.

3. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An anti-loosening screw is also threadedly fixed in the screw hole at the outer end of the limiting bolt, and the inner end of the anti-loosening screw is connected to the limiting bolt.

4. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The limiting screw of the positioning pin lifting mechanism is provided with a nut which sinks into the sinking groove of the base body and is locked and fixed on the base body.

5. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning shaft is fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base body by another screw and a sealing ring VI nested in the annular groove on the outer circle of the upper end portion of the positioning shaft.

6. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The handle of the eccentric shaft is sleeved with a cover plate, which is fixed on the outer wall of the base body. The dust ring sleeved and fixed on the outer circle of the eccentric shaft handle is nested in the fixing groove of the cover plate.

7. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The limiting screw of the positioning pin lifting mechanism is provided with a nut which sinks into the sinking groove of the base body and is locked and fixed on the base body.

8. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning shaft is fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base body by another screw and a sealing ring VI nested in the annular groove on the outer circle of the upper end portion of the positioning shaft.

9. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The handle of the eccentric shaft is sleeved with a cover plate, which is fixed on the outer wall of the base body. The dust ring sleeved and fixed on the outer circle of the eccentric shaft handle is nested in the fixing groove of the cover plate.

10. The self-locking latch positioning mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning shaft is fixed in the stepped hole at the lower part of the base body by another screw and a sealing ring VI nested in the annular groove on the outer circle of the upper end portion of the positioning shaft.

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