Lubricating oil external circulation system for box reducer

Abstract

This application provides a lubricating oil external circulation system for a gearbox-type reducer, including a gearbox housing with a meshing pinion and a large gear inside. It also includes a hollow shaft joint with a lubrication gear fitted on it, meshing with either the pinion or the large gear. The lubrication gear is positioned above the pinion or the large gear. Hollow tubes are located at both ends of the hollow shaft joint, forming an outer tube. The hollow tubes have an inner conical surface, and the inner wall of the hollow shaft joint has an arc-shaped cavity. Multiple through holes are provided circumferentially in the hollow shaft joint. The system also includes a insert box with a first filter outlet at its lower end. A connector is located at the lower end of the gearbox housing, and the insert box is inserted into the connector. An oil outlet is located at the bottom of the gearbox housing, communicating with the inside of the insert box, which contains a filter element. A detachable inner tube is fitted inside the outer tube, with multiple oil seepage channels circumferentially within it. The insert box, drive pump, and inner tube are sequentially connected, solving the problem of traditional gearboxes requiring shutdown for lubricating oil replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducers, and in particular to an external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox-type speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] A speed reducer is a transmission component that generally reduces the speed of the power source and increases the torque. The most common type is the box gear reducer, which is typically lubricated with lubricating oil or grease.

[0003] Gearboxes typically require lubricating oil as a lubricant during operation. Gearboxes are widely used in many applications due to their simple structure, stable operation, and good anti-pollution properties. After a period of operation, impurities accumulate inside the gearbox. This is partly due to poor operating conditions, such as using it with the cover open, allowing external dust or large particles to fall in. Another reason is the wear between the meshing gears, causing debris to fall and accumulate over time. These impurities enter the lubricating oil. Because lubricating oil usually has a high viscosity, the impurities are carried along and repeatedly participate in lubrication, leading to wear on the gear surfaces, the shedding of more particulate impurities, and a vicious cycle.

[0004] Therefore, the density and particle size of impurities in the lubricating oil need to be kept at a certain low level so that the gearbox can maintain good performance for a long time. The traditional approach is to change the lubricating oil regularly. This method is very thorough, but it is not only costly, but also requires the gearbox to be shut down and disassembled for cleaning because the impurities are inside the gearbox. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a lubricating oil external circulation system for a gearbox, which solves the problem of traditional gearboxes requiring shutdown for lubricating oil replacement by filtering the circulating lubricating oil.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lubricating oil external circulation system for a gearbox reducer, including a gearbox, a small gear and a large gear meshing with each other inside the gearbox, and a hollow shaft joint, on which a lubricating gear is sleeved, the lubricating gear meshing with the small gear or the large gear, the lubricating gear being located above the small gear or the large gear, and hollow tubes being provided at both ends of the hollow shaft joint, the hollow shaft joint and the hollow tubes forming an outer tube, the hollow tubes having an inner conical surface, the inner wall of the hollow shaft joint having an arc-shaped cavity, and the hollow shaft joint having multiple through holes along the circumference;

[0007] The box includes a filter box, with a first filter outlet at the bottom. The box body has an insertion port at the bottom, into which the filter box is inserted. The bottom of the box body has an oil outlet that communicates with the inside of the filter box, which contains a filter element.

[0008] The outer tube is fitted with a detachable inner tube, which has multiple oil seepage channels along its circumference. The insert box, drive pump and inner tube are connected in sequence.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the inner tube is provided with a first end cap and a second end cap at both ends, and the second end cap is provided with a central hole.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the through hole is a stepped hole, which includes a small hole and a large hole. A slidable movable oil sealing terminal is provided inside the through hole. The movable oil sealing terminal is provided with a sealing head, which is used to seal the small hole of the through hole. A magnetic ring is provided at one end of the movable oil sealing terminal near the sealing head. The magnetic ring attracts the stepped end face of the large hole of the through hole. Multiple oil passage grooves are provided on the outer wall of the movable oil sealing terminal along the circumferential direction.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, an adsorption column is provided inside the inner tube, and the adsorption column has a porous and fluffy structure.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a detachable secondary filter is provided at the lower end of the first filter outlet. The secondary filter includes a filter sleeve and an outer casing. A second filter outlet is provided at the end of the outer casing away from the first filter outlet. The filter sleeve is located inside the outer casing. One end of the filter sleeve is closed, and the open end of the filter sleeve is connected to the first filter outlet. The side wall of the filter sleeve is provided with multiple filter holes, and the filter sleeve communicates with the inside of the outer casing through the filter holes.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the filter sleeve contains an adsorbent body, which has multiple magnetically conductive blades along its circumference. The adsorbent body has a sink hole at its center, and a magnet is placed inside the sink hole.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a dispersion baffle is provided between the filter element and the oil outlet, and the dispersion baffle has multiple through holes.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, at least four corners of the insert box are provided with bosses, the lower end face of the filter sheet contacts the bosses, there is a gap between the filter sheet and the bottom of the inner side of the insert box, and a guide slope is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the insert box, with the lower end of the guide slope connected to the first filter outlet.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the filter element includes a mesh frame, and a pleated filter element is provided inside the mesh frame.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, the filter element and the insert box are detachable.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The use of a hollow shaft with a lubrication gear featuring multiple sparse holes to deliver lubricating oil via meshing results in more uniform lubrication and avoids the problem of increased running resistance caused by excessive grease; the lubrication structure can be placed above the running transmission gears, preventing contaminated gears from being polluted by dripping dirty lubricating oil, ensuring that newly delivered lubricating oil remains clean and improving lubrication performance; a filter structure is installed at the bottom of the gearbox to filter deposited lubricating oil, remove impurities, and maintain the lubricating oil at a usable cleanliness level; furthermore, the gearbox's lubricating oil filler port is connected, allowing for the continuous replenishment of relatively clean lubricating oil without stopping the machine, thus reducing gear wear. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the insert box of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial view of the insert portion of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the oil injection pipe and the central shaft of the lubrication gear according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the lubricating gear shaft of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the hollow shaft joint of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable oil sealing terminal of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Hollow tube body; 101. Inner conical surface; 2. Inner tube; 201. Fine hole; 3. Hollow shaft joint; 301. Through hole; 302. Arc-shaped cavity; 303. Movable oil sealing terminal; 304. Magnetic ring; 305. Oil groove; 306. First end cover; 4. Second end cover; 5. Adsorption column; 6. Lubrication gear; 7. Small gear; 8. Large gear; 9. Box body; 10. Slot; 1001. Clearance notch; 1002. Rotating handle; 1003. Oil outlet; 1004. Output shaft; 11. Input shaft; 12. Insert box; 13. Guide slope; 1301. Boss; 1302. Filter plate; 14. Pleated filter element; 1401. Mesh frame; 1402. Dispersion baffle; 15. First filter outlet; 16. Filter sleeve; 17. Outer sleeve; 18. Second filter outlet; 1801. Adsorption body; 19. Magnet; 20. Sealing ring; 21. Oil injection pipe; 22. Drive pump; 23. Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figure 1-7 In a gearbox reducer lubricating oil external circulation system, there is a hollow shaft joint 3, a lubrication gear 7 is sleeved on the hollow shaft joint 3, and hollow tubes 1 are provided at both ends of the hollow shaft joint 3. The hollow shaft joint 3 and the hollow tubes 1 form an outer tube, and an inner tube 2 is sleeved inside the outer tube. The inner tube 2 is provided with multiple oil seepage channels 201 along the circumference. The hollow tube 1 is provided with an inner conical surface 101, and the hollow shaft joint 3 is provided with multiple through holes 301 along the circumference.

[0029] The oil seepage channel 201 is a strip-shaped through groove or a circular fine hole. The large-diameter end of the inner conical surface 101 is close to the hollow shaft joint 3. Therefore, a gap with a large middle and small ends is formed between the outer wall of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube body. The inner tube 2 stores lubricating oil or grease. When the entire shaft rotates, the outer tube body and the inner tube 2 rotate synchronously. The oil stored inside seeps into the gap between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube body through the oil seepage channel 201 under the action of centrifugal force. Since the inner conical surface 101 is conical, the oil converges towards the middle under the action of centrifugal force during the rotation, and then is dispersed into the lubricating gear 7 through the through hole 301.

[0030] Different lubricating oil delivery rates can be controlled by replacing the inner tube 2 with different oil seepage channels 201. For example, if the input shaft 12 rotates at a higher speed, the inner tube 2 with a smaller oil seepage channel 201 can be replaced, while if the input shaft 12 rotates at a lower speed, the inner tube 2 with a larger oil seepage channel 201 can be replaced.

[0031] The reducer is equipped with a pinion 8 and a gear 9. The pinion 8 is equipped with an input shaft 12, and the gear 9 is equipped with an output shaft 11. The lubrication gear 7, the pinion 8, and the gear 9 are all located inside the housing 10.

[0032] Because the structure of the outer tube body, which is small at both ends and large in the middle, is difficult to process, in order to reduce the manufacturing process, the outer tube body is divided into three parts: the hollow shaft joint 3 and the hollow tube body 1 at both ends. A sealing ring is installed at the joint to seal it. One end of the hollow shaft joint 3 is provided with a shoulder. After the lubrication gear 7 is sleeved on the outer side of the hollow shaft joint 3, the other end is locked by a threaded ring retainer.

[0033] In the preferred embodiment, the inner tube 2 is provided with a first end cap 4 and a second end cap 5 at both ends, the second end cap 5 is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is provided with multiple grooves along the circumference.

[0034] The second end cap 5 can be made of rubber. Lubricating oil and grease can be supplied to the inner tube 2 through the oil supply pipe via the central hole. The groove can improve the deformation capacity of the central hole opening.

[0035] The oil delivery pipe can be inserted into the central hole without being pulled out. Due to the presence of the lubricating medium and the loose fit between the central hole and the delivery pipe, even if it rotates, it will not cause significant frictional resistance, making it convenient to replenish lubricating oil online during rotation.

[0036] Because the lubricating oil and grease have high viscosity and the groove is narrow, it is difficult for the oil to seep out naturally from the groove. When the shaft rotates rapidly, the oil concentrates on the inner wall of the inner tube 2, forming a cavity in the middle. Since the groove is short, the oil avoids the groove position.

[0037] In the preferred embodiment, the inner tube 2 is provided with an adsorption column 6, which has a porous and fluffy structure.

[0038] The adsorption column 6 can be made of sponge material, which can effectively adsorb and retain low-viscosity grease or lubricating oil.

[0039] If the adsorption column 6 is directly installed in the outer tube, the special internal shape of the outer tube makes the manufacturing and installation of the adsorption column 6 difficult, and the fit is not tight. Since the inner tube 2 is a hollow tube of equal diameter, the adsorption column 6 adopts a cylindrical shape of equal diameter, which does not require special processing technology. During installation, the contact is relatively uniform in the length direction. Furthermore, the presence of the inner tube 2 creates a gap area between it and the outer tube, which is larger in the middle and smaller at both ends. With the adsorption column 6 present, the oil first enters the gap area and then converges axially to the middle, without being obstructed by the adsorption column 6 itself, making the oil flow smoother.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the through hole 301 is a stepped hole, which includes a small hole and a large hole. An axially sliding movable oil sealing terminal 303 is provided inside the through hole 301. The movable oil sealing terminal 303 is provided with a plug head 304, which is used to block the small hole of the through hole 301. A magnetic ring 305 is provided at one end of the movable oil sealing terminal 303 near the plug head 304. The magnetic ring 305 adsorbs the stepped end face of the large hole of the through hole 301. Multiple oil passage grooves 306 are provided on the outer wall of the movable oil sealing terminal 303 along the circumferential direction.

[0041] When the shaft is stationary, under the attraction of the magnetic ring 305, the movable sealing oil terminal 303 closes the through hole 301. At this time, the oil that has been delivered to the lubricating gear 7 will not fall back into the outer tube due to gravity, and the oil in the outer tube will not continue to seep downwards due to gravity. That is, when the shaft is stationary and lubrication is not required, the lubrication process can be automatically stopped to avoid waste of lubricating oil.

[0042] In addition, since the through hole 301 is closed, the outer tube can maintain a certain pressure when the oil is transported. When the oil in the outer tube accumulates to a certain level and the pressure reaches a certain value, the movable oil sealing terminal 303 at the lower end opens immediately because the magnetic force cannot maintain the adsorption, thus maintaining the internal and external pressure balance. However, due to the throttling effect of the oil groove 306 on the through hole 301, the oil is prevented from rushing out of the through hole 301 directly with the high pressure. When the oil continues to accumulate, all the movable oil sealing terminals 303 open. However, at this time, the oil replenishment process is almost over, so it will not cause a large amount of oil to seep out and drip.

[0043] The magnetic ring 305 has limited adsorption force, only maintaining the weight of the movable oil sealing terminal 303. When the shaft rotates, the magnetic ring 305 disengages from the stepped end face of the large hole of the through hole 301. At this time, the movable oil sealing terminal 303 moves outward, and the sealing head 304 can no longer seal the small hole of the through hole 301. The lubricating oil in the outer tube first enters the small hole of the through hole 301, and then flows to the inner wall of the lubricating gear 7 through the oil groove 306. Since there are multiple oil grooves 306, they can play a role in dispersing the oil.

[0044] In the preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the hollow shaft joint 3 is provided with an arc-shaped cavity 302.

[0045] The arc-shaped concave surface, combined with the inner conical surface 101 of the hollow tube 1, can effectively concentrate the oil in the middle part of the hollow shaft joint 3 where the through holes 301 are distributed on the inner wall when the shaft rotates.

[0046] The lower end of the housing 10 is provided with an inlet 1001, and the insert box 13 is inserted into the inlet 1001. The bottom of the housing 10 is provided with an oil outlet 1004, which is connected to the inside of the insert box 13. The insert box 13 is provided with a filter 14, and the lower end of the insert box 13 is also provided with a first filter outlet 16. A dispersion partition 15 is provided between the filter 14 and the oil outlet 1004. The dispersion partition 15 is provided with multiple through holes. The filter 14 includes a mesh frame 1402, and a pleated filter element 1401 is provided inside the mesh frame 1402. The filter 14 and the insert box 13 are detachable.

[0047] The insert box 13 has guide grooves on both sides, which cooperate with the guide rail of the insert 1001. The insert 1001 has a clearance notch 1002, which is used to avoid the side wall of the first filter outlet 16. When the insert box 13 is inserted into the insert 1001, the first filter outlet 16 just abuts against the innermost end of the clearance notch 1002. There is a rotatable rotating handle 1003 near the insert 1001. After the insert box 13 is inserted into the position, rotating the rotating handle 1003 will lock the outer end face of the insert box 13.

[0048] The upper opening of the insert box 13 is provided with a groove around it, and a sealing ring 21 is installed in the groove to prevent oil leakage.

[0049] Lubricating oil is discharged from the oil outlet 1004 and falls onto the dispersion baffle 15. The through holes of the dispersion baffle 15 distribute the lubricating oil relatively evenly to various positions of the filter plate 14. The mesh frame 1402 supports the pleated filter element 1401. The pleated structure of the pleated filter element 1401 can effectively increase the actual filtration area and filter out large particles of impurities in the lubricating oil. The relatively pure lubricating oil is discharged from the first end cap 4.

[0050] Replace the filter 14 regularly and collect the filtered lubricating oil, then add it back into the tank 10 so that the oil can be recycled for a longer period of time.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, at least four corners of the insert box 13 are provided with bosses 1302, the lower end face of the filter sheet 14 contacts the bosses 1302, the filter sheet 14 is provided with a gap between the bottom of the insert box 13 and the bottom of the inner side of the insert box 13, and the bottom of the inner side of the insert box 13 is provided with a guide slope 1301, the lower end of the guide slope 1301 is connected to the first filter outlet 16.

[0052] The boss 1302 lifts the filter 14 so that the lower end face of the filter 14 does not directly contact the bottom surface of the insert box 13, which can buffer the oil. The upper end face of the dispersion plate 15 and the top surface of the insert 1001 also have space for buffering.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, a detachable secondary filter is also provided at the lower end of the first filter outlet 16. The secondary filter includes a filter sleeve 17 and an outer casing 18. The outer casing 18 has a second filter outlet 1801 at the end away from the first filter outlet 16. The filter sleeve 17 is located inside the outer casing 18. One end of the filter sleeve 17 is closed, and the open end of the filter sleeve 17 is connected to the first filter outlet 16. The side wall of the filter sleeve 17 is provided with multiple filter holes, and the filter sleeve 17 communicates with the inside of the outer casing 18 through the filter holes.

[0054] The filter sleeve 17 has a smaller filter hole diameter than the filter plate 14, which filters particles with smaller diameters. Both the filter sleeve 17 and the outer shell 18 can be removed for easy cleaning of accumulated impurities inside.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the filter sleeve 17 is provided with an adsorbent 19, the adsorbent 19 is provided with multiple magnetic guide blades along the circumference, the adsorbent 19 is provided with a sink hole in the center, and a magnet 20 is provided in the sink hole.

[0056] Magnet 20 transmits magnetic force to each magnetic blade, effectively increasing the adsorption area. When oil passes through, the magnetic blade can adsorb the extremely fine steel shavings particles worn off. The adsorbent 19 can be removed from the filter sleeve 17 for easy cleaning.

[0057] The lubricating gear 7 is made of felt material, which can evenly disperse the lubricating oil. The lubricating gear 7 meshes with the pinion 8, and evenly applies lubricant to the tooth surface of the pinion 8. The pinion 8 meshes with the large gear 9, and then transfers the oil to the meshing large gear 9. The lubricating gear 7 is located above the pinion 8 in the housing 10. Most of the wear particles generated during the meshing of the large gear 9 and the pinion 8 are centrifuged out with the lubricating oil and flow down along the inner wall of the housing 10 to accumulate. They enter the insertion box 13 through the oil outlet 1004, are filtered by the filter 14, and then flow into the secondary filter. In the secondary filter, steel chips are adsorbed by the magnetic blades, and the remaining impurities are intercepted by the filter sleeve 17. The clean oil is pressurized by the drive pump 23 and injected into the inner side of the adsorption column 6 through the oil injection pipe 22. The adsorption column 6 adsorbs and preserves the oil and filters out some impurities again. Then, as the shaft rotates, the oil is dispersed and seeps into the lubricating gear 7 to provide normal lubrication for the gear during operation.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box reducer lubricating oil external circulation system, characterized by: The device includes a housing (10), which contains a small gear (8) and a large gear (9) that mesh with each other. It also includes a hollow shaft joint (3), on which a lubricating gear (7) is fitted. The lubricating gear (7) meshes with the small gear (8) or the large gear (9). The lubricating gear (7) is located above the small gear (8) or the large gear (9). Hollow tubes (1) are provided at both ends of the hollow shaft joint (3). The hollow shaft joint (3) and the hollow tubes (1) form an outer tube. The hollow tubes (1) have an inner conical surface (101). The inner wall of the hollow shaft joint (3) has an arc-shaped cavity (302). The hollow shaft joint (3) has multiple through holes (301) along the circumference. Includes a cassette (13), the lower end of which is provided with a first filter outlet (16), the lower end of the housing (10) is provided with an inlet (1001), the cassette (13) is inserted into the inlet (1001), the bottom of the housing (10) is provided with an oil outlet (1004), the oil outlet (1004) is connected to the inside of the cassette (13), and the cassette (13) is provided with a filter (14). The outer tube is fitted with a detachable inner tube (2), and the inner tube (2) has multiple oil seepage channels (201) along the circumference. The insert box (13), the drive pump (23) and the inner tube (2) are connected in sequence. The through hole (301) is a stepped hole, which includes a small hole and a large hole. A slidable movable sealing oil terminal (303) is provided inside the through hole (301). The movable sealing oil terminal (303) is provided with a sealing head (304). The sealing head (304) is used to seal the small hole of the through hole (301). A magnetic ring (305) is provided at one end of the movable sealing oil terminal (303) near the sealing head (304). The magnetic ring (305) adsorbs the stepped end face of the large hole of the through hole (301). Multiple oil grooves (306) are provided on the outer wall of the movable sealing oil terminal (303) along the circumferential direction.

2. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube (2) is provided with a first end cap (4) and a second end cap (5) at both ends, and the second end cap (5) is provided with a central hole.

3. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube (2) is equipped with an adsorption column (6), which has a porous and fluffy structure.

4. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the first filter outlet (16) is also provided with a detachable secondary filter. The secondary filter includes a filter sleeve (17) and an outer shell sleeve (18). The outer shell sleeve (18) is provided with a second filter outlet (1801) at the end away from the first filter outlet (16). The filter sleeve (17) is located inside the outer shell sleeve (18). One end of the filter sleeve (17) is closed, and the open end of the filter sleeve (17) is connected to the first filter outlet (16). The side wall of the filter sleeve (17) is provided with multiple filter holes. The filter sleeve (17) communicates with the inner part of the outer shell sleeve (18) through the filter holes.

5. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter sleeve (17) is provided with an adsorbent (19), the adsorbent (19) is provided with multiple magnetic blades along the circumference, the adsorbent (19) is provided with a sink hole in the center, and a magnet (20) is provided in the sink hole.

6. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersion baffle (15) is provided between the filter plate (14) and the oil outlet (1004), and the dispersion baffle (15) is provided with multiple through holes.

7. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert box (13) has at least four corner bosses (1302), the lower end face of the filter (14) contacts the bosses (1302), the filter (14) and the bottom of the insert box (13) are separated by a gap, the bottom of the insert box (13) is provided with a guide slope (1301), and the lower end of the guide slope (1301) is connected to the first filter outlet (16).

8. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter (14) includes a mesh frame (1402) and a pleated filter element (1401) is provided inside the mesh frame (1402).

9. The external circulation system for lubricating oil in a gearbox reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter (14) and the insert (13) are detachable.

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