A device capable of monitoring tunnel surrounding rock deformation in real time

Abstract

The application discloses a device capable of monitoring tunnel surrounding rock deformation in real time, and particularly relates to the field of urban space construction, which comprises a gasket, a rod body and an expansion head, the rod body is threadedly connected with the expansion head, the rod body and the expansion head are arranged in the surrounding rock, the gasket is used for fixing the rod body to the surrounding rock, the rod body is made of transparent homogeneous material, a cavity is formed in the rod body, and a borescope electrically connected with an external controller is arranged in the cavity, the borescope is used for transmitting the rock layer picture shot through the rod body to the external controller, the borescope arranged in the cavity of the rod body extends into the surrounding rock, the borescope can observe the change of the surrounding rock position and transmit the result to the external controller, the displacement change conditions of multiple surrounding rocks can be obtained by arranging multiple borescopes, the deformation conditions of surrounding rocks at different depths are reflected, and the change rule of the surrounding rock deformation with the depth is inferred.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urban space construction, and more specifically, to a device for real-time monitoring of the deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With current technology, existing technologies can only test the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, but cannot obtain the changes in the surrounding rock at different depths. This is not conducive to understanding the deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and thus not conducive to the selection of anchor bolt parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for real-time monitoring of the deformation of the surrounding rock of a tunnel. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the prior art can only test the deformation results of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, but cannot obtain the changes of the surrounding rock at different depths, which is not conducive to understanding the deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and thus not conducive to the selection of anchor bolt parameters.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for real-time monitoring of the deformation of tunnel surrounding rock, comprising a gasket, a rod, and an expansion head. The expansion head is threaded onto the rod, and both the rod and the expansion head are placed within the surrounding rock. The gasket is used to fix the rod to the surrounding rock. The rod is made of a transparent homogeneous material, and a cavity is formed inside the rod. An endoscope electrically connected to an external controller is installed inside the cavity. The endoscope is used to transmit images of the rock strata captured through the rod to the external controller.

[0005] Preferably, the endoscope is equipped with a lighting lamp that is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0006] Preferably, a scale is provided on the cavity sidewall of the rod.

[0007] Preferably, the rod body includes an inner wall and an outer wall, the scale is engraved on the inner wall of the rod, a gap is formed between the surrounding rock and the outer wall of the rod, a top block is slidably connected to the side wall of the gap, and a marking mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the rod.

[0008] Preferably, the marking mechanism includes a pressure block and multiple rubber sheets. A storage cavity is formed inside the outer wall of the rod, and the storage cavity is filled with pigment. The pressure block is slidably connected to one end of the storage cavity and multiple rubber sheets are fixedly connected to the other end. There is sliding friction damping between each pair of adjacent rubber sheets. The pressure block is located on the moving path of the top block.

[0009] Preferably, the storage cavity is connected to the outside via an injection pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a cover plate is detachably connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the rod near the gasket end, and the cover plate has a vent for communicating with the gap.

[0011] Preferably, an inclined air blowing pipe is provided on the inner wall of the rod away from the gasket, and the gap is connected to the outside through the air blowing pipe.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. An endoscope installed inside the cavity of the rod extends into the surrounding rock. The endoscope can observe the changes in the position of the surrounding rock and transmit the results to the external controller. By setting multiple endoscopes, the displacement changes of the surrounding rock at multiple locations can be obtained, thereby reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock at different depths, and thus inferring the variation law of the deformation of the surrounding rock with depth.

[0014] 2. When in use, airflow is introduced into the vent, which pushes the top block to move within the gap. As the top block moves, it squeezes the pressure block, causing the pigment in the cavity to break through the rubber sheet and spray onto the surrounding rock. During filming, by observing the distance the pigment-sprayed surrounding rock moves relative to the scale, the deformation of the surrounding rock at different depths can be determined, and the variation law of surrounding rock deformation with depth can be inferred. This makes observation more intuitive and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for real-time monitoring of the deformation of surrounding rock in tunnels, according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rod body of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top block of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vent structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air blowing duct of the present invention.

[0020] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0021] 1. Surrounding rock; 2. Gasket; 3. Rod body; 4. Expansion head; 5. Lighting lamp; 6. Endoscope; 7. Inner wall of the rod; 8. Outer wall of the rod; 9. Pressure block; 10. Rubber sheet; 11. Injection pipe; 12. Gap; 13. Top block; 14. Air blowing pipe; 15. Cover plate; 16. Vent; 17. Ruler. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Existing technologies can only test the deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnels, but cannot obtain the changes in the surrounding rock at different depths. This is not conducive to understanding the deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock in tunnels, and thus hinders the selection of anchor bolt parameters. To solve the above problems, this design utilizes an endoscope installed inside the cavity of the bolt to extend into the surrounding rock. The endoscope can observe changes in the position of the surrounding rock and transmit the results to an external controller, thereby obtaining the displacement changes of the surrounding rock at multiple locations. This reflects the deformation of the surrounding rock at different depths, and further allows for the inference of the deformation variation law of the surrounding rock with depth.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A device for real-time monitoring of deformation of surrounding rock in tunnels includes a gasket 2, a rod 3, and an expansion head 4. The expansion head 4 is threaded onto the rod 3. Both the rod 3 and the expansion head 4 are placed inside the surrounding rock 1. The gasket 2 is used to fix the rod 3 to the surrounding rock 1. The rod 3 is made of a transparent homogeneous material. A cavity is opened inside the rod 3. An endoscope 6 electrically connected to an external controller is installed in the cavity. The endoscope 6 is used to transmit the rock strata images captured through the rod 3 to the external controller. Taking a common 20-meter pole 3 as an example, the pole 3 is made of hollow, transparent, and homogeneous material. Specifically, the transparent and homogeneous material can be transparent ceramic. Transparent ceramic not only has good transparency and optical properties, but also maintains the high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation, high thermal conductivity, and good dielectric properties of structural ceramics. An endoscope 6 installed in the cavity of the pole 3 extends into the surrounding rock 1. The endoscope 6 can observe the changes in the position of the surrounding rock 1 and transmit the results to an external controller. By setting multiple endoscopes 6, the displacement changes of the surrounding rock 1 at multiple locations can be obtained, thereby reflecting the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 at different depths, and thus inferring the variation law of the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 with depth.

[0026] The endoscope 6 is equipped with an illumination lamp 5 that is electrically connected to an external controller. The illumination lamp 5 provides the necessary lighting environment for the endoscope 6 to take pictures, making the pictures captured by the endoscope 6 clearer and more accurate.

[0027] A scale 17 is provided on the cavity sidewall of the rod 3. By using the scale 17 as a reference for movement, and by observing how much the surrounding rock 1 moves relative to the scale 17 at different positions, the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 at different depths can be determined, and the variation law of the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 with depth can be inferred.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the above embodiments, the rod body 3 includes an inner wall 7 and an outer wall 8. The scale 17 is engraved on the inner wall of the inner wall 7. A gap 12 is provided between the surrounding rock 1 and the outer wall 8. A top block 13 is slidably connected to the side wall of the gap 12. A marking mechanism is provided on the outer wall 8.

[0030] The marking mechanism includes a pressure block 9 and multiple rubber sheets 10. A storage cavity is opened in the outer wall 8 of the rod, and the storage cavity is filled with pigment. The pressure block 9 is slidably connected to one end of the storage cavity and multiple rubber sheets 10 are fixedly connected to the other end. There is sliding friction damping between each pair of adjacent rubber sheets 10. The pressure block 9 is located on the moving path of the top block 13.

[0031] The storage cavity is connected to the outside world through injection pipe 11.

[0032] A cover plate 15 is detachably connected to one end of the inner wall 7 and the outer wall 8 of the rod near the gasket 2. The cover plate 15 has a vent 16 for communicating with the gap 12.

[0033] An inclined air duct 14 is provided on the inner wall 7 of the rod away from the gasket 2, and the gap 12 is connected to the outside through the air duct 14.

[0034] When in use, airflow is introduced into the vent 16, which pushes the top block 13 to move within the gap 12. As the top block 13 moves, it squeezes the pressure block 9, causing the pressure block 9 to squeeze the pigment in the storage cavity to break through the obstruction of the rubber sheet 10 and spray it onto the surrounding rock 1. During filming, by observing the distance the surrounding rock 1 sprayed with pigment moves relative to the scale 17, the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 at different depths can be known, and the variation law of the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 with depth can be inferred. This makes the observation more intuitive and convenient.

[0035] With the rubber sheet 10 facing upwards, place the pressure block 9 on the moving path of the top block 13, and then inject pigment into the storage cavity. After stabilization, the rubber sheet 10 is under relatively stable force and the internal and external pressures are relatively balanced. Therefore, when the rod 3 is inserted into the surrounding rock 1 later, the rubber sheet 10 will not be blown open. The diameter of the injection pipe 11 is small, and the tension between pigment molecules will seal the outlet of the injection pipe 11, so the pigment will not spray out in reverse from the injection pipe 11.

[0036] The purpose of the air blowing duct 14 is to adjust the pressure on both sides of the top block 13 when it moves, so that the top block 13 can move smoothly. At the same time, when the top block 13 moves, some airflow will be pushed out from the air blowing duct 14. By using the tilt direction of the air blowing duct 14, rock debris around the rod 3 can be blown out from the opening of the surrounding rock 1 near the gasket 2. Then the gasket 2 can be fixed to the surrounding rock 1. This can reduce the impact of rock debris on the endoscope 6 when taking pictures.

[0037] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0038] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0039] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for real-time monitoring of deformation of surrounding rock in a tunnel, comprising a gasket (2), a rod (3), and an expansion head (4), wherein the expansion head (4) is threaded onto the rod (3), and both the rod (3) and the expansion head (4) are placed within the surrounding rock (1), and the gasket (2) is used to fix the rod (3) to the surrounding rock (1), characterized in that: The rod (3) is made of transparent homogeneous material. A cavity is provided inside the rod (3). An endoscope (6) electrically connected to an external controller is installed inside the cavity. The endoscope (6) is used to transmit the captured rock strata image through the rod (3) to the external controller. The rod body (3) includes an inner wall (7) and an outer wall (8). A scale (17) is provided on the cavity side wall of the rod body (3). The scale (17) is engraved on the inner wall of the inner wall (7). A gap (12) is provided between the surrounding rock (1) and the outer wall (8). A top block (13) is slidably connected to the side wall of the gap (12). A marking mechanism is provided on the outer wall (8). The marking mechanism includes a pressure block (9) and multiple rubber sheets (10). A storage cavity is provided in the outer wall (8) of the rod, and the storage cavity is filled with pigment. The pressure block (9) is slidably connected to one end of the storage cavity and multiple rubber sheets (10) are fixedly connected to the other end. There is sliding friction damping between each pair of adjacent rubber sheets (10). The pressure block (9) is located on the moving path of the top block (13). A cover plate (15) is detachably connected to one end of the inner wall (7) and outer wall (8) of the rod near the gasket (2), and the cover plate (15) is provided with a vent (16) for communicating with the gap (12).

2. The device for real-time monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The endoscope (6) is equipped with a lighting lamp (5) that is electrically connected to an external controller.

3. The device for real-time monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage cavity is connected to the outside world through an injection pipe (11).

4. The device for real-time monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined air duct (14) is provided on the inner wall (7) of the rod away from the gasket (2), and the gap (12) is connected to the outside through the air duct (14).

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