A dual-eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser warning devices, and particularly relates to a dual-eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device, which comprises a light shield, a receiving window, a damage type laser warning module, a blinding type laser warning module and a control and data processing module. The light shield is provided with the receiving window on one side. The damage type laser warning module and the blinding type laser warning module are respectively arranged on the light path direction of the receiving window. The damage type laser warning module and the blinding type laser warning module are electrically connected to the control and data processing module. The strong laser detection module is provided with a reflective optical attenuation mode to realize energy attenuation of the damage type laser. In combination with a high-speed photoelectric detector, the strong laser energy is quickly obtained. The weak laser module is provided with a high-speed shutter according to the intensity to realize strong and weak laser dynamic multi-parameter warning and solve the problem of simultaneous strong and weak laser detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser warning device technology, specifically relating to a high-precision spaceborne laser warning device that simultaneously detects both strong and weak lasers with binoculars. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of laser weapons such as laser irradiation, laser ranging, lidar, laser guidance, laser reconnaissance, and laser blinding, satellites are highly vulnerable to laser weapon attacks, threatening their physical security. Accurate detection of the location and spectral characteristics of incoming lasers would provide a reliable basis for further protection, and our ability to detect laser attacks would deter the enemy, greatly improving the survivability of our satellites. However, existing laser warning systems cannot simultaneously detect blinding and damaging lasers. They can only warn of either blinding or damaging incoming lasers. Damaging lasers irradiating blinding laser warning systems cause irreversible damage to their detectors, while damaging laser warning systems cannot detect blinding lasers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the technical problem that existing laser alarms can only detect blinding or damaging lasers, this invention provides a high-precision spaceborne laser alarm device that simultaneously detects both strong and weak lasers using binoculars. It achieves simultaneous detection of blinding and damaging lasers through reflection attenuation and a high-speed shutter, and uses 0th and 1st order diffraction gratings to measure wavelength and angle. A high-speed photodetector enables high-speed alarms for energy and damaging lasers.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A high-precision spaceborne laser warning device for simultaneous binocular detection of strong and weak lasers includes a light shield, a receiving window, a damage-type laser warning module, a blinding laser warning module, and a control and data processing module. The receiving window is provided on one side of the light shield, and the damage-type laser warning module and the blinding laser warning module are respectively arranged in the optical path direction of the receiving window. Both the damage-type laser warning module and the blinding laser warning module are electrically connected to the control and data processing module.

[0006] The damage-type laser alarm module includes a reflective optical attenuation device, a first front optical system, a first wideband grating, a first rear optical system, a first focal plane detector, a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system, and a wideband high-speed photoelectric detector. The first front optical system and the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system are respectively arranged in the optical path direction of the reflective optical attenuation device. The first wideband grating is arranged in the optical path direction of the first front optical system. The first rear optical system is arranged in the optical path direction of the first wideband grating. The first focal plane detector is arranged in the optical path direction of the first rear optical system. The wideband high-speed photoelectric detection optical system is arranged in the optical path direction of the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system.

[0007] The reflective optical attenuation device is positioned along the optical path of the receiving window, and the first focal plane detector and the wideband high-speed photodetector are both electrically connected to the control and data processing module.

[0008] The wideband high-speed photodetector includes a visible high-speed photodetector and an infrared high-speed photodetector. Both the visible high-speed photodetector and the infrared high-speed photodetector are arranged in the optical path direction of the high-speed photodetector optical system, and both the visible high-speed photodetector and the infrared high-speed photodetector are electrically connected to the control and data processing module.

[0009] The reflective optical attenuation device includes a first high damage threshold high reflectivity film and a transparent substrate. The first high damage threshold high reflectivity film is deposited on the transparent substrate. The transparent substrate is positioned in the optical path direction of the receiving window. A first front optical system and a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system are positioned in the optical path direction of the transparent substrate.

[0010] The blinding laser warning module includes a second front optical system, a high-speed shutter, a second wideband grating, a second rear optical system, and a second focal plane detector. The high-speed shutter is arranged in the optical path direction of the second front optical system, the second wideband grating is arranged in the optical path direction of the high-speed shutter, the second rear optical system is arranged in the optical path direction of the second wideband grating, and the second focal plane detector is arranged in the optical path direction of the second rear optical system.

[0011] The second front optical system is positioned in the optical path direction of the receiving window, and the second focal plane detector is electrically connected to the control and data processing module.

[0012] The high-speed shutter is electrically connected to a wide-band high-speed photodetector.

[0013] The high-speed shutter includes a second high damage threshold reflective film and a metal. The second high damage threshold reflective film is deposited on the metal. The metal is positioned in the optical path direction of the second front optical system. A second wideband grating is positioned in the optical path direction of the metal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] This invention achieves energy attenuation of damaging lasers by adding a reflective optical attenuation method to the high-power laser detection module; at the same time, it combines a high-speed photodetector to quickly obtain the energy of the high-power laser, and the low-power laser module adjusts the shutter at high speed according to its intensity, so as to realize large dynamic multi-parameter alarm for both high and low lasers and solve the problem of not being able to detect both high and low lasers at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the optical path diagram of the damage-type laser alarm module of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective optical attenuation device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the optical path diagram of the blinding laser alarm module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the optical path diagram of the high-speed shutter of the present invention.

[0023] Wherein: 1 is a light shield, 2 is a receiving window, 3 is a damage-type laser alarm module, 3-1 is a reflective optical attenuation device, 3-1-2 is a first high damage threshold high reflective film, 3-1-2 is a transparent substrate, 3-2 is a first front optical system, 3-3 is a first wideband grating, 3-4 is a first rear optical system, 3-5 is a first focal plane detector, 3-6 is a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system, 3-7 is a wideband high-speed photoelectric detector, 3-7-1 is a visible high-speed photoelectric detector, 3-7-2 is an infrared high-speed photoelectric detector, 4 is a blinding laser alarm module, 4-1 is a second front optical system, 4-2 is a high-speed shutter, 4-2-1 is a second high damage threshold reflective film, 4-2-2 is metal, 4-3 is a second wideband grating, 4-4 is a second rear optical system, 4-5 is a second focal plane detector, and 5 is a control and data processing module. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. These descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and not for limiting the claims of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the alarm device consists of a light shield 1, a receiving window 2, a damage-type laser alarm module 3, a blinding laser alarm module 4, and a control and data processing module 5. The damage-type laser alarm module 3 comprises a reflective optical attenuation device 3-1, a first front optical system 3-2, a first wideband grating 3-3, a first rear optical system 3-4, a first focal plane detector 3-5, a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system 3-6, and a wideband high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7, primarily used to detect the wavelength, azimuth, elevation angle, and target power of damage-type high-intensity lasers. The blinding laser alarm module 4 comprises a second front optical system 4-1, a high-speed shutter 4-2, a second wideband grating 4-3, a second rear optical system 4-4, and a second focal plane detector 4-5, used to detect the wavelength, azimuth, elevation angle, and target power of blinding lasers. The control and data processing module 5 mainly controls the first focal plane detector 3-5, the second focal plane detector 4-5, and the wideband high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7. 7. The high-speed shutter 4-2 is used for control and data processing; the light shield 1 is mainly used to block interference from sunlight, lightning, and other light outside the field of view; the reflective optical attenuation device 3-1 achieves energy attenuation by reflecting strong laser light, reducing detector damage; multiple high-speed detectors in the wide-band high-speed photodetector 3-7 can realize rapid energy monitoring of wide-band high-energy lasers, and adjust the high-speed shutter 4-2 of the blinding laser alarm module 4 according to the detected energy, so as to protect the second focal plane detector 4-5 of the blinding laser alarm, and can also adjust the integration time of the first focal plane detector 3-5 of the damage laser alarm and the integration time of the second focal plane detector 4-5 of the blinding laser alarm according to the detected energy, so as to adjust the detection dynamic range; the azimuth and elevation angles of the incoming laser are mainly calculated by the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the 0th order diffraction spots of the first focal plane detector 3-5 and 4-5, and the wavelength of the incoming laser is calculated by the distance between the 0th and 1st order diffraction spots of the focal plane detector.

[0029] The specific plan is as follows:

[0030] Damage-related laser alarm detection:

[0031] The anti-satellite laser enters the damage-type laser alarm module 3, and its optical path is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the damage-type laser wavelength, azimuth, elevation angle, and target power detection alarm, composed of a reflective optical attenuation device 3-1, a first front optical system 3-2, a first wideband grating 3-3, a first rear optical system 3-4, and a first focal plane detector 3-5, is used to measure the azimuth angle of the incoming laser, the elevation angle, and the wavelength of the incoming laser. The azimuth angle is measured by the horizontal coordinate of the 0th-order diffraction spot of the first focal plane detector 3-5; the elevation angle is measured by the vertical coordinate of the 0th-order diffraction spot; and the wavelength is measured by the distance between the 0th-order and ±1st-order diffraction spots. The front field-of-view diffraction system primarily compresses the laser within a ±45° field of view to a range acceptable to the grating. The system also includes a reflective optical attenuation device 3-1, a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system 3-6, a visible high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7-1, and an infrared high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7-1. 7-2 enables high-speed detection of damaging high-intensity incoming lasers and obtains the target power of incoming lasers in the visible infrared wide-band range. Its response speed is much higher than that of area array detectors, with a response time on the order of nanoseconds. If there is strong laser irradiation, the incoming laser power can be quickly obtained and the main control 5 can be quickly notified. This facilitates timely protection of the first focal plane detectors 3-5 and 4-5 for blinding laser alarms. The high-speed shutter 4-2 in the blinding laser alarm module 4 can be adjusted according to the detected energy to protect the second focal plane detector 4-5 for blinding laser alarms. The integration time of the first focal plane detector 3-5 and the second focal plane detector 4-5 for blinding laser alarms can also be adjusted according to the detected energy to achieve the purpose of adjusting the detection dynamic range.

[0032] To prevent damage from high-energy, high-intensity lasers to the first focal plane detector 3-5, the second focal plane detector 4-5, the visible high-speed photodetector 3-7-1, and the infrared high-speed photodetector 3-7-2 in the damage-prone laser alarm module 3, a damage-resistant technology using a high-damage-threshold, high-reflectivity film is employed. A high-reflectivity optical attenuation structure is also included. Figure 3 As shown, a first high damage threshold high reflectivity film 3-1-1 is deposited on a transparent substrate 3-1-2 to reflect most of the energy of the damaging laser. The reflectivity is greater than 99% and the transmittance is less than 1%, thereby achieving the effect of attenuating the light intensity. This, in turn, protects the first focal plane detector 3-5, the second focal plane detector 4-5, the visible high-speed photodetector 3-7-1, and the infrared high-speed photodetector 3-7-2, thus realizing the damage resistance of the laser alarm system.

[0033] Blinding laser warning detection:

[0034] Anti-satellite lasers enter blinding laser warning modules; their optical path is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the system consists of a second front optical system 4-1, a high-speed shutter 4-2, a second wideband grating 4-3, a second rear optical system 4-4, and a second focal plane detector 4-5. It is used to detect the wavelength, azimuth, elevation, and power of blinding lasers. The azimuth of the incoming laser is measured by the horizontal coordinate of the 0th-order diffraction spot of the area array detector 4-5; the elevation angle is measured by the vertical coordinate of the 0th-order diffraction spot; and the wavelength is measured by the distance between the 0th and 1st-order diffraction spots. The front field-of-view diffraction system primarily compresses the laser within a ±45° field of view into the grating. Acceptable field of view; the high-speed shutter 4-2 can quickly adjust the shutter size according to the laser power energy level obtained by the high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7 in the damage-type laser alarm module. The adjustment time of the high-speed shutter is on the order of milliseconds, while that of a typical high-power laser damage detector is on the order of hundreds of milliseconds to seconds. Therefore, when there is ultra-strong laser irradiation, the shutter can be quickly closed to protect the second focal plane detector 4-5 of the blinding laser alarm module. At the same time, the size of the high-speed shutter 4-2 and the integration time of the array detector 4-5 can be adjusted according to the power of the high-speed photoelectric detector 3-7 to achieve a large dynamic range detection.

[0035] To address the damage caused by damaging lasers to the second focal plane detector 4-5 in the blinding laser alarm module, without affecting the alarm sensitivity, a damage-resistant technology using a high-reflectivity, high-speed shutter is employed. The high-speed shutter structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. When the high-speed photodetector 3-7 does not receive a damaging laser threat, the high-speed shutter remains fully open, as... Figure 5 As shown in a; when the high-speed photodetector 3-7 detects a damaging laser attack, the high-speed shutter can close rapidly in milliseconds, such as Figure 5 As shown in b, the second high-speed shutter is coated with a high damage threshold reflective film 4-2-1, which reflects all its energy or blocks it with metal 4-2-2. The fastest closing time of the high-speed shutter 4-2 can reach the μs-ms level, while the damage laser can damage the detector in the tens to hundreds of ms level. Therefore, the shutter can be closed quickly before the damage laser damages the detector, realizing the protection of the second focal plane detector 4-5 and the second wideband grating 4-3 for blinding laser alarm, and realizing the damage resistance capability of blinding laser alarm.

[0036] Control and data processing:

[0037] The system provides overall control over the first focal plane detector 3-5, the second focal plane detector 4-5, and the high-speed shutter 4-2. Based on the detected signals, it calculates and analyzes to obtain alarm functions such as the wavelength of the anti-satellite attack laser, the power level to the target, the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, and the prediction of the duration of satellite damage.

[0038] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device, characterized in that: The application relates to a laser warning device, which comprises a light shield (1), a receiving window (2), a damage type laser warning module (3), a blinding type laser warning module (4), a control and data processing module (5), wherein the light shield (1) is provided with the receiving window (2) on one side, the damage type laser warning module (3) and the blinding type laser warning module (4) are arranged on the light path direction of the receiving window (2) respectively, and the damage type laser warning module (3) and the blinding type laser warning module (4) are electrically connected to the control and data processing module (5); the damage type laser warning module (3) comprises a reflective optical attenuation device (3-1), a first preposed optical system (3-2), a first wide-band grating (3-3), a first postposed optical system (3-4), a first focal plane detector (3-5), a high-speed photoelectric detection optical system (3-6) and a wide-band high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7), the first preposed optical system (3-2) and the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system (3-6) are arranged on the light path direction of the reflective optical attenuation device (3-1) respectively, the first wide-band grating (3-3) is arranged on the light path direction of the first preposed optical system (3-2), the first postposed optical system (3-4) is arranged on the light path direction of the first wide-band grating (3-3), the first focal plane detector (3-5) is arranged on the light path direction of the first postposed optical system (3-4), and the wide-band high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7) is arranged on the light path direction of the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system (3-6); the blinding type laser warning module (4) comprises a second preposed optical system (4-1), a high-speed shutter (4-2), a second wide-band grating (4-3), a second postposed optical system (4-4) and a second focal plane detector (4-5), the high-speed shutter (4-2) is arranged on the light path direction of the second preposed optical system (4-1), the second wide-band grating (4-3) is arranged on the light path direction of the high-speed shutter (4-2), the second postposed optical system (4-4) is arranged on the light path direction of the second wide-band grating (4-3), and the second focal plane detector (4-5) is arranged on the light path direction of the second postposed optical system (4-4); the high-speed shutter (4-2) comprises a second high-damage-threshold reflective film (4-2-1) and a metal (4-2-2), the second high-damage-threshold reflective film (4-2-1) is coated on the metal (4-2-2), the metal (4-2-2) is arranged on the light path direction of the second preposed optical system (4-1), and the second wide-band grating (4-3) is arranged on the light path direction of the metal (4-2-2).

2. The dual-eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective optical attenuation device (3-1) is arranged on the light path direction of the receiving window (2), and the first focal plane detector (3-5) and the wide-band high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7) are electrically connected to the control and data processing module (5).

3. The dual eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide-band high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7) comprises a visible high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-1) and an infrared high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-2), wherein the visible high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-1) and the infrared high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-2) are arranged on the light path direction of the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system (3-6), and the visible high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-1) and the infrared high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7-2) are electrically connected to the control and data processing module (5).

4. The dual eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflective optical attenuation device (3-1) comprises a first high-damage-threshold high-reflection film (3-1-1) and a transparent substrate (3-1-2), the first high-damage-threshold high-reflection film (3-1-1) is coated on the transparent substrate (3-1-2), the transparent substrate (3-1-2) is arranged on the light path direction of the receiving window (2), and the first front optical system (3-2) and the high-speed photoelectric detection optical system (3-6) are arranged on the light path direction of the transparent substrate (3-1-2).

5. The dual eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second front optical system (4-1) is arranged on the light path direction of the receiving window (2), and the second focal plane detector (4-5) is electrically connected to the control and data processing module (5).

6. The dual eye strong and weak laser simultaneous detection spaceborne high-precision laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed shutter (4-2) is electrically connected to the wide-band high-speed photoelectric detector (3-7).

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