Device and method for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during hydrocarbon source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, including a temperature-controlled electric heating box. A platform panel is installed at the bottom of the temperature-controlled electric heating box. Four sets of columns arranged in a square are fixedly installed at the bottom of the platform panel. The bottoms of the four sets of columns are fixedly installed with a bottom plate, and a hydraulic jack is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate. A support block is fixedly installed on the top wall inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and an upper top seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block. The present invention can achieve the artificial synthesis of oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks. It can not only obtain the oil and gas inclusions formed at different thermal evolution stages of source rocks by precisely controlling the temperature and pressure conditions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, but also obtain the residual hydrocarbons and expelled hydrocarbon components of source rocks when the oil and gas inclusions are formed through the matching collection device, providing important technical support for revealing the formation mechanism of oil and gas inclusions and the hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism under geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial synthesis of oil and gas inclusions, and specifically provides an apparatus and method for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks. Background Art

[0002] At present, the exploration and development of world oil and gas resources are gradually moving towards deep and ultra-deep directions. Due to the difficulty in obtaining deep geological data and samples, the exploration and development of deep oil and gas reservoirs face major challenges. Oil and gas inclusions are geological paleo-fluid samples in which oil and gas are trapped in host minerals such as quartz and calcite during the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation process. During the geological evolution process, the oil and gas components in the oil and gas inclusions are less affected by the external environment and retain the information of the original oil and gas components, which are important geological evidences for studying the hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism. However, during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, different geological environments and complex hydrocarbon accumulation processes result in complex types and origins of oil and gas inclusions. It is difficult to reveal the hydrocarbon accumulation process of oil and gas reservoirs only through the study of oil and gas inclusions in geological samples, especially for deep oil and gas reservoirs lacking typical geological samples. In addition, it is difficult to conduct systematic research on oil and gas inclusions captured under different evolutionary stages and different temperature and pressure environments during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, especially it is difficult to obtain the component information of the oil and gas in a single inclusion in a sample containing multi-stage oil and gas inclusions.

[0003] Artificially synthesized oil and gas inclusions can capture different liquid hydrocarbon and gaseous hydrocarbon samples under known temperature and pressure conditions. By combining geological environment and PVTsim technology for inversion, it can be effectively applied to the corresponding geological conditions, which is of great significance for studying the types and genetic mechanisms of oil and gas inclusions. However, the current synthetic technologies for artificial inclusions are all based on the existing oil and gas samples that have already accumulated in reservoirs, simply synthesizing oil and gas inclusions, which cannot represent the oil and gas inclusions formed under different evolutionary stages and different temperature and pressure environments during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, and cannot be applied to geological conditions to reveal the geological process of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, migration and accumulation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an experimental apparatus and method for artificially synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rock samples to obtain typical oil and gas inclusion samples formed under different evolutionary stages and temperature and pressure environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions in the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of source rocks, comprising a temperature-controlled electric heating box, a platform panel is installed at the bottom of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, four groups of columns arranged in a square are fixedly installed at the bottom of the platform panel, a bottom plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four groups of columns, a hydraulic jack is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate, a support block is fixedly installed at the top wall inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box, an upper top seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block, an autoclave is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the upper top seat, an inner wall of the autoclave is slidably connected to a lower base, and the bottom of the lower base is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack, and the outer surfaces of the upper top seat and the lower base are A copper ring is fixedly sleeved, and quartz wool layers are provided at the bottom of the upper top seat and the top of the lower base. Iceland spar plunger samples and source rock plunger samples are placed inside the autoclave, and the Iceland spar plunger samples and source rock plunger samples are located between two groups of quartz wool layers. Quartz sandstone is placed inside the autoclave, and the quartz sandstone wraps the outer surfaces of the Iceland spar plunger samples and source rock plunger samples. A steel pipeline is connected to the interior of the upper group of quartz wool layers, and the top of the steel pipeline passes through the interior of the upper top seat and extends out of the interior of the temperature-controlled electric heating box. A controller is fixedly connected to the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and a temperature sensor is embedded in the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and the temperature sensor and the controller are electrically connected.

[0006] Preferably, the internal threads on the back of the steel pipeline are connected to a delivery pipe, a control valve is installed on the top of the steel pipeline, an insulation layer is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the delivery pipe, a highly sensitive pressure relief valve is installed on the outer surface of the delivery pipe, and a sealing cover is installed on the back of the delivery pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the delivery pipe is threadedly connected to a vertical conduit, and the bottom of the vertical conduit is fixedly connected to a comprehensive collecting cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the integrated collection tube, a first regulating valve is installed on the outer surface of the liquid outlet pipe, a liquid collector is threadedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe, and scale lines are provided on the outer surface of the liquid collector.

[0009] Preferably, a branch pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the integrated collecting tube, a gas conduit is internally threadedly connected to one end of the branch pipe, a second regulating valve is installed on the outer surface of the gas conduit, an air bag is fixedly connected to the tail end of the gas conduit, a gas concentration sensor is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the air bag, and the gas concentration sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] Preferably, a vacuum pump is installed on the top of the temperature-controlled electric heating box through screws, and the input end of the vacuum pump extends into the interior space of the temperature-controlled electric heating box. A first pressure gauge is installed on one side of the surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and a second pressure gauge is installed on the outer surface of the comprehensive collection cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, two groups of N-shaped steel plates arranged front and back are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and the bottoms of the two groups of N-shaped steel plates are fixedly connected to the platform panel through screws.

[0012] Preferably, the synthesis method of the oil and gas inclusion synthesis device works as follows:

[0013] S1. Select high-purity Iceland spar to prepare a small plunger sample with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 20 mm, place it in deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning to remove possible surface contaminants; then place it in a muffle furnace and heat it to 350 °C, keep it at a constant temperature for 2 hours, take it out and immediately quench it in deionized water to generate artificial microcracks. Check the degree of crack generation through an optical microscope. If the crack generation is small, perform multiple heating and quenching. After quenching, the Iceland spar plunger sample is placed in an oven to dry for later use;

[0014] S2. Select a source rock sample to drill a core to make a standard plunger sample with a diameter of 25 mm and a height of 20 mm, saturate it with NaCl brine through a vacuum pressure saturation water device, and saturate it for 12 hours under a confining pressure of 50 Mpa;

[0015] S3. Place the source rock plunger sample and the Iceland spar plunger sample in an autoclave, and add a quartz wool layer between them; fill quartz sandstone in the pores of the autoclave; then, inject helium into the system for 10 minutes to discharge the air in the system, and then seal the autoclave by pressing on the copper ring under the protection of helium;

[0016] S4. Place the loaded autoclave in a temperature-controlled electric heating box, and then apply a confining pressure of 50 Mpa to the autoclave through a hydraulic jack. Set the heating program of the temperature-controlled electric heating box. First, quickly heat it to 240 °C within 5 hours, and then heat it at a constant speed of 2 °C / h to conduct a source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation experiment;

[0017] S5. During the source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation process, precisely adjust the internal pressure of the device system through a highly sensitive pressure relief valve. After reaching a certain set temperature point, apply a pressure of 100 Mpa to the autoclave system through a hydraulic jack and keep it at a constant pressure for 1 hour to synthesize artificial inclusions;

[0018] S6. By opening the control valve, hydrocarbon gas is generated in the device, and then liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons are collected by opening the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve respectively; open the autoclave, and take out the simulated source rock plunger, calcite small plunger and sandstone particles; crush the source rock plunger sample and extract the residual hydrocarbons with an organic reagent; extract the organic matter reagent from the sandstone particles on the inner wall of the autoclave to obtain expelled hydrocarbons, and the light hydrocarbon components of the expelled hydrocarbons are obtained in the liquid collector; the gaseous hydrocarbon components are collected in the airbag; during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process, the hydrocarbon gas components captured by calcite are artificially synthesized hydrocarbon inclusions.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, the autoclave containing calcite plunger samples and source rock plunger samples is placed inside the space of the temperature-controlled electric heating box, and the upper top seat and the support block are detachably combined with each other. Then, the operating temperature of the temperature-controlled electric heating box is set by the controller, and the setter rapidly heats up to 240 °C in five hours and then rises at a uniform speed of 2 °C / h to conduct hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation experiments. When the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature inside the space of the temperature-controlled electric heating box reaches the set temperature point, the autoclave system is pressurized to 100 Mpa by the hydraulic jack and kept at a constant pressure for one hour to synthesize artificial inclusions. By recording the temperature and pressure during the synthesis of the inclusions, the artificial inclusions synthesized under the known temperature and pressure environment can not only effectively indicate the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process and evolution stage of the source rock, but also invert the migration path and hydrocarbon accumulation process of oil and gas under geological conditions by combining with the geological environment.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, by adding a heat insulation layer on the outer surface of the delivery pipe, the purpose of preventing the heat inside the space of the delivery pipe from being conducted outward is achieved, thereby reducing the heat loss of liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons when passing through the delivery pipe, effectively reducing the probability of blockage of the inner wall of the delivery pipe. At the same time, the delivery pipe and the steel pipeline are detachable. When the delivery pipe needs to be cleaned after long-term use, the delivery pipe can be removed from the steel pipeline after closing the control valve, and the sealing cover can be removed and directly rinsed.

[0022] 3. In the present invention, the liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons conducted from the inside of the delivery pipe will enter the space of the comprehensive collection cylinder along the vertical conduit. Among them, the gaseous hydrocarbons will float on the upper layer of the liquid hydrocarbons. Therefore, after opening the second regulating valve, the gaseous hydrocarbons inside the space of the comprehensive collection cylinder will be conducted along the branch pipe to the place where the gas conduit is located and then enter the space of the airbag to transfer the gaseous hydrocarbons. Then, by opening the second regulating valve, the liquid hydrocarbons inside the space of the comprehensive collection cylinder can naturally flow down along the liquid outlet pipe into the space of the liquid collector. By transferring the gaseous hydrocarbons to the space of the airbag and the liquid hydrocarbons to the space of the liquid collector, the effect of gas-liquid separation is achieved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the temperature-controlled electric heating box and the platform panel of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the autoclave of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical conduit and the comprehensive collection cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the branch pipe and the gas conduit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid collector of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the steel pipeline and the delivery pipe of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the synthesis experimental sample chamber of the oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of the source rock of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Temperature-controlled electric heating box; 2. Platform panel; 3. Column; 4. Base plate; 5. Hydraulic jack; 6. Support block; 7. Upper top seat; 8. Autoclave; 9. Lower base; 10. Copper ring; 11. Quartz wool layer; 12. Iceland spar plug sample; 13. Source rock plug sample; 14. Quartz sandstone; 15. Steel pipeline; 16. Controller; 17. Delivery pipe; 18. Control valve; 19. Heat preservation layer; 20. High-sensitivity pressure relief valve; 21. Sealing cover; 22. Vertical conduit; 23. Comprehensive collection cylinder; 24. Liquid outlet pipe; 25. First regulating valve; 26. Liquid collector; 27. Scale line; 28. Branch pipe; 29. Gas conduit; 30. Second regulating valve; 31. Air bag; 32. Gas concentration sensor; 33. Vacuum pump; 34. First pressure gauge; 35. Second pressure gauge; 36. N-type steel plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] See also Figures 1 - 8 , an embodiment provided by the present invention:

[0036] A device and method for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions in the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of source rocks, comprising a temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, a platform panel 2 is installed at the bottom of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, four groups of columns 3 arranged in a square are fixedly installed at the bottom of the platform panel 2, a bottom plate 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four groups of columns 3, a hydraulic jack 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate 4, a support block 6 is fixedly installed at the top wall inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, an upper top seat 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block 6, an autoclave 8 is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the upper top seat 7, a lower base 9 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the autoclave 8, and the bottom of the lower base 9 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 5, the outer surfaces of the upper top seat 7 and the lower base 9 are fixedly sleeved with copper rings 10, and the bottom of the upper top seat 7 and the lower base 9 are fixedly sleeved. A quartz wool layer 11 is arranged on the top, an Icelandic spar plug sample 12 and a source rock plug sample 13 are placed inside the autoclave 8, and the Icelandic spar plug sample 12 and the source rock plug sample 13 are located between the two groups of quartz wool layers 11, a quartz sandstone 14 is placed inside the autoclave 8, and the quartz sandstone 14 is wrapped around the outer surface of the Icelandic spar plug sample 12 and the source rock plug sample 13, a steel pipeline 15 is connected to the interior of the upper group of quartz wool layers 11, and the top of the steel pipeline 15 passes through the interior of the upper top seat 7 and extends out of the interior of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, a controller 16 is fixedly connected to the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, a temperature sensor is embedded in the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, and the temperature sensor and the controller 16 are electrically connected.

[0037] Before filling quartz sandstone 14 into the pores of the autoclave 8, it needs to be extracted with an organic reagent to remove possible contaminants, so that the quartz sandstone 14 wraps around the outer surfaces of the Iceland spar plug sample 12 and the source rock plug sample 13. With the application of the upper and lower sets of quartz wool layers 11 and copper rings 10, the sealing performance can be effectively ensured when the upper top seat 7 and the lower base 9 are combined with the autoclave 8, thus ensuring that the gas and liquid generated inside the autoclave 8 will not leak during the subsequent simulation process;

[0038] When the device is performing the simulation work of artificial petroleum inclusions, the autoclave 8 containing the Iceland spar plug sample 12 and the source rock plug sample 13 is placed inside the space of the temperature control electric heating box 1. The upper top seat 7 and the support block 6 are detachably combined with each other. Then, the operating temperature of the temperature control electric heating box 1 is set through the controller 16. The set temperature rises rapidly to 240°C in five hours and then rises at a constant speed of 2°C / h to conduct the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation experiment. When the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature inside the space of the temperature control electric heating box 1 reaches the set temperature point, the autoclave 8 system is pressurized to 100 Mpa by the hydraulic jack 5. Then, the autoclave 8 is removed from the space of the temperature control electric heating box 1 and kept at a constant pressure for one hour to synthesize artificial inclusions.

[0039] The inner thread on the back of the steel pipeline 15 is connected to the delivery pipe 17. A control valve 18 is installed at the top of the steel pipeline 15. A heat insulation layer 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the delivery pipe 17. A highly sensitive pressure relief valve 20 is installed on the outer surface of the delivery pipe 17. A sealing cover 21 is installed on the back of the delivery pipe 17.

[0040] In the operation of synthesizing artificial inclusions, high temperature causes the volatile liquid hydrocarbons to flow along with the gas into the interior space of the delivery pipe 17 through the steel pipeline 15. During the process of the liquid hydrocarbons passing through the interior of the delivery pipe 17, the temperature of the liquid hydrocarbons will decrease, which will then cause partial condensation and adhere to the inner wall of the delivery pipe 17. If the blockage is excessive, it is easy to cause blockage of the pipe body of the delivery pipe 17, and at the same time cause waste of liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons. In response to this problem, in this technical solution, a heat-insulating layer 19 is added to the outer surface of the delivery pipe 17 to prevent the heat inside the space of the delivery pipe 17 from being conducted outward, thereby reducing the heat loss of the liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons when passing through the delivery pipe 17, effectively reducing the probability of blockage of the inner wall of the delivery pipe 17. At the same time, the delivery pipe 17 and the steel pipeline 15 are connected by means of threaded fitting, making them detachable. When the interior of the delivery pipe 17 needs to be cleaned after long-term use, the control valve 18 can be closed. At this time, the oil and gas in the steel pipeline 15 will not be conducted outward. The dredging and sealing inside the steel pipeline 15 are controlled by the opening and closing of the control valve 18. Then, the delivery pipe 17 can be removed from the steel pipeline 15, and the sealing cover 21 can be removed and directly rinsed. The pressure in the delivery pipe 17 is controlled by the highly sensitive pressure relief valve 20 to prevent the pressure from exceeding the limit range, thereby achieving the purpose of precisely adjusting the internal pressure of the device system through the highly sensitive pressure relief valve 20.

[0041] The bottom of the delivery pipe 17 is threadedly connected with a vertical conduit 22. The bottom of the vertical conduit 22 is fixedly connected with a comprehensive collection cylinder 23. The bottom of the comprehensive collection cylinder 23 is fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe 24. A first regulating valve 25 is installed on the outer surface of the liquid outlet pipe 24. The bottom of the liquid outlet pipe 24 is threadedly connected with a liquid collector 26. A scale line 27 is arranged on the outer surface of the liquid collector 26. A branch pipe 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the comprehensive collection cylinder 23. The inside of one end of the branch pipe 28 is threadedly connected with a gas conduit 29. A second regulating valve 30 is installed on the outer surface of the gas conduit 29. The tail end of the gas conduit 29 is fixedly connected with an airbag 31. A gas concentration sensor 32 is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the airbag 31, and the gas concentration sensor 32 is electrically connected to the controller 16.

[0042] The liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons conducted from the inside of the delivery pipe 17 will enter the space inside the integrated collection tube 23 along the vertical conduit 22, wherein the gaseous hydrocarbons will float on the upper layer of the liquid hydrocarbons. Therefore, in the space inside the integrated collection tube 23, the second regulating valve 30 at the gas conduit 29 is opened to make the gas conduit 29 in a cleared state, and then the gaseous hydrocarbons in the space inside the integrated collection tube 23 will be conducted along the branch pipe 28 to the location of the gas conduit 29, and then enter the space inside the air bag 31. In combination with the application of the gas concentration sensor 32, the content of the gaseous hydrocarbons in the space inside the air bag 31 can be monitored in real time, and since the gas conduit 29 is connected to the gas concentration sensor 32, the content of the gaseous hydrocarbons in the space inside the air bag 31 can be monitored in real time. The branch pipes 28 are connected by threaded engagement and are detachable, so that the airbag 31 can be transferred conveniently after the gas is collected. At the same time, by opening the second regulating valve 30, the interior of the liquid outlet pipe 24 can be unblocked. At this time, the liquid hydrocarbons in the space of the comprehensive collection cylinder 23 can naturally flow down along the liquid outlet pipe 24 into the space of the liquid collector 26. In combination with the setting of the scale line 27, the content of the liquid hydrocarbons collected in the space of the liquid collector 26 can be easily understood. The gaseous hydrocarbons are transferred to the space of the airbag 31 and the liquid hydrocarbons are transferred to the space of the liquid collector 26 to achieve the effect of gas-liquid separation.

[0043] A vacuum pump 33 is installed on the top of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1 by screws, and the input end of the vacuum pump 33 extends into the space inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, a first barometer 34 is installed on one side of the surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, and a second barometer 35 is installed on the outer surface of the comprehensive collection tube 23, and two groups of N-shaped steel plates 36 arranged front and back are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, and the bottoms of the two groups of N-shaped steel plates 36 are fixedly connected to the platform panel 2 by screws.

[0044] Before conducting the artificial petroleum inclusion simulation experiment, it is necessary to run the vacuum pump 33 to evacuate the space inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1 to ensure that there is no stray gas interfering with the accuracy of the experimental data during the subsequent experiments. The first barometer 34 monitors the air pressure value inside the space of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1 in real time, and the second barometer 35 monitors the air pressure value inside the space of the comprehensive collection tube 23 in real time. Two sets of N-shaped steel plates 36 are used to limit the position of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1 on the platform panel 2 to avoid the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1 from falling without reason during the experiment.

[0045] The synthesis method of the oil and gas inclusion synthesis device has the following working steps:

[0046] S1. Select high-purity Iceland spar to prepare small plunger samples with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 20 mm, place them in deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning to remove possible surface contaminants; then place them in a muffle furnace and heat to 350 °C, keep the temperature constant for 2 hours, take them out and immediately quench in deionized water to generate artificial microcracks. Check the degree of crack generation through an optical microscope. If the cracks generated are small, perform multiple heating and quenching operations. After quenching, the Iceland spar plunger samples 12 are placed in an oven to dry for standby;

[0047] S2. Select source rock samples to drill cores and make standard plunger samples with a diameter of 25 mm and a height of 20 mm. Saturate them with NaCl brine through a vacuum pressure saturation water device and saturate them for 12 hours under a confining pressure of 50 Mpa;

[0048] S3. Place the source rock plunger samples 13 and the Iceland spar plunger samples 12 in the autoclave 8, and add a quartz wool layer 11 between them; fill the pores of the autoclave 8 with quartz sandstone 14; then, inject helium into the system for 10 minutes to exhaust the air in the system, and then seal the autoclave 8 by applying pressure to the copper ring 10 under the protection of helium;

[0049] S4. Place the loaded autoclave 8 in the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1, and then apply a confining pressure of 50 Mpa to the autoclave 8 through the hydraulic jack 5. Set the heating program of the temperature-controlled electric heating box 1. First, quickly heat up to 240 °C within 5 hours, and then heat up at a constant speed of 2 °C / h to conduct the source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation experiment;

[0050] S5. During the source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation process, precisely adjust the internal pressure of the device system through the highly sensitive pressure relief valve 20. After reaching a certain set temperature point, apply pressure to the autoclave 8 system through the hydraulic jack 5 to 100 Mpa pressure and keep the pressure constant for 1 hour to synthesize artificial inclusions;

[0051] S6. Release the generated oil and gas in the device by opening the control valve 18, and then collect the liquid hydrocarbon and gaseous hydrocarbon by opening the first regulating valve 25 and the second regulating valve 30 respectively; open the autoclave 8 and take out the simulated source rock plunger, Iceland spar small plunger and sandstone particles; crush the source rock plunger samples 13 and perform organic reagent extraction to obtain residual hydrocarbons; perform organic matter reagent extraction on the sandstone particles on the inner wall of the autoclave 8 to obtain expelled hydrocarbons. The light hydrocarbon components of the expelled hydrocarbons are obtained in the liquid collector 26; the gaseous hydrocarbon components are collected in the airbag 31; during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process, the oil and gas components captured by the Iceland spar are artificial synthesized oil and gas inclusions.

[0052] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Accordingly, all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. An apparatus for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of a hydrocarbon source rock, comprising a temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), characterized in that: The temperature-controlled electric heating box (1) is provided with a platform panel (2) at the bottom, four groups of columns (3) arranged in a square are fixedly installed at the bottom of the platform panel (2), a bottom plate (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four groups of columns (3), a hydraulic jack (5) is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate (4), a support block (6) is fixedly installed at the top wall inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), an upper top seat (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block (6), an autoclave (8) is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the upper top seat (7), a lower base (9) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the autoclave (8), and the bottom of the lower base (9) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack (5), the outer surfaces of the upper top seat (7) and the lower base (9) are both fixedly sleeved with a copper ring (10), and the bottom of the upper top seat (7) and the top of the lower base (9) are both provided with a quartz A cotton layer (11), an Icelandic spar plunger sample (12) and a hydrocarbon source rock plunger sample (13) are placed inside the autoclave (8), and the Icelandic spar plunger sample (12) and the hydrocarbon source rock plunger sample (13) are located between two groups of quartz cotton layers (11), a quartz sandstone (14) is placed inside the autoclave (8), and the quartz sandstone (14) wraps around the outer surfaces of the Icelandic spar plunger sample (12) and the hydrocarbon source rock plunger sample (13), a steel pipeline (15) is connected to the interior of the upper group of quartz cotton layers (11), and the top of the steel pipeline (15) passes through the interior of the upper top seat (7) and extends out of the interior of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), a controller (16) is fixedly connected to the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), a temperature sensor is embedded and installed on the front of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), and the temperature sensor and the controller (16) are electrically connected; The inner thread of the back of the steel pipeline (15) is connected to a delivery pipe (17), a control valve (18) is installed on the top of the steel pipeline (15), a thermal insulation layer (19) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the delivery pipe (17), a high-sensitivity pressure relief valve (20) is installed on the outer surface of the delivery pipe (17), and a sealing cover (21) is installed on the back of the delivery pipe (17); The bottom of the delivery pipe (17) is threadedly connected to a vertical guide tube (22), and the bottom of the vertical guide tube (22) is fixedly connected to a comprehensive collection cylinder (23); The bottom of the integrated collection tube (23) is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe (24), the outer surface of the liquid outlet pipe (24) is provided with a first regulating valve (25), the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe (24) is threadedly connected to a liquid collector (26), the outer surface of the liquid collector (26) is provided with scale lines (27); One side of the comprehensive collection cylinder (23) is fixedly connected with a branch pipe (28). The inner part of one end of the branch pipe (28) is threadedly connected with a gas conduit (29). A second regulating valve (30) is installed on the outer surface of the gas conduit (29). The tail end of the gas conduit (29) is fixedly connected with an airbag (31). A gas concentration sensor (32) is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the airbag (31), and the gas concentration sensor (32) is electrically connected to the controller (16).

2. The device for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of a hydrocarbon source rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vacuum pump (33) is installed on the top of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1) through screws, and the input end of the vacuum pump (33) extends into the space inside the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1). A first pressure gauge (34) is installed on one side of the surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1). A second pressure gauge (35) is installed on the outer surface of the comprehensive collection cylinder (23).

3. The device for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of a hydrocarbon source rock according to claim 2, wherein: Two groups of N-shaped steel plates (36) arranged front and back are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), and the bottoms of the two groups of N-shaped steel plates (36) are fixedly connected to the platform panel (2) through screws.

4. A device for synthesizing oil and gas inclusions during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of a source rock, according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The synthesis method of this oil and gas inclusion synthesis device has the following working steps: S1. Select high-purity calcite to prepare a small plunger sample with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 20 mm, place it in deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning to remove the pollutants on the surface; then place it in a muffle furnace and heat it to 350 °C, keep it at a constant temperature for 2 hours, take it out and immediately quench it in deionized water to generate artificial microcracks. Check the degree of crack generation through an optical microscope. If the crack generation is small, perform multiple heating and quenching. The quenched calcite columnar plug sample (12) is put into an oven to dry for standby; S2. Select a hydrocarbon source rock sample to drill a core to make a standard plunger sample with a diameter of 25 mm and a height of 20 mm, saturate it with NaCl brine through a vacuum pressurized water saturation device, and saturate it for 12 hours under a confining pressure of 50 Mpa; S3. Place the hydrocarbon source rock plunger sample (13) and the calcite columnar plug sample (12) in the autoclave (8), and add a quartz wool layer (11) between them; fill the pores of the autoclave (8) with quartz sandstone (14); then, inject helium into the system for 10 minutes to discharge the air in the system, and then seal the autoclave (8) by pressing on the copper ring (10) under the protection of helium; S4. Place the loaded autoclave (8) in the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1), and then apply a confining pressure of 50 Mpa to the autoclave (8) through the hydraulic jack (5). Set the heating program of the temperature-controlled electric heating box (1). First, quickly heat it to 240 °C within 5 hours, and then heat it at a constant speed of 2 °C / h to conduct the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation experiment of the hydrocarbon source rock; S5. During the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation of the hydrocarbon source rock, precisely adjust the internal pressure of the device system through the highly sensitive pressure relief valve (20). After reaching a certain set temperature point, apply a pressure of 100 Mpa to the autoclave (8) system through the hydraulic jack (5) and keep it at a constant pressure for 1 hour to synthesize artificial inclusions; S6. By opening the control valve (18), oil and gas are generated in the device, and then liquid hydrocarbons and gaseous hydrocarbons are collected by opening the first regulating valve (25) and the second regulating valve (30) respectively; open the autoclave (8) and take out the simulated source rock plunger, calcite small plunger and sandstone particles; crush the source rock plunger sample (13) and perform organic reagent extraction to obtain residual hydrocarbons; perform organic matter reagent extraction on the sandstone particles on the inner wall of the autoclave (8) to obtain expelled hydrocarbons, and the light hydrocarbon components of the expelled hydrocarbons are obtained in the liquid collector (26); the gaseous hydrocarbon components are collected in the airbag (31); during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process, the oil and gas components captured by calcite are artificially synthesized oil and gas inclusions.

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