Optical system, objective module, endoscope, and imaging method

Abstract

The present application relates to an optical system, an objective module, an endoscope and an imaging method. The optical system comprises an imaging lens group and a light receiving assembly. The light receiving assembly has a first state and a second state. The light receiving assembly can receive a first light reflected by an object through a first window in the first state. The light receiving assembly can receive a second light reflected by the object through a second window in the second state. The imaging lens group is arranged on the image side of the light receiving assembly and is used to receive the first light or the second light emitted by the light receiving assembly. The optical system has a small size while realizing binocular stereoscopic vision imaging, which is conducive to reducing the size of the endoscope.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of endoscopes, in particular to an optical system, an objective lens module, an endoscope and an imaging method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Binocular stereovision imaging technology can fuse two images of an object obtained from different positions to obtain three-dimensional geometric information of the object, and simulate the imaging effect of human eyes. In order to obtain a clear stereoscopic image of an object, the current endoscope is usually configured with two light paths to obtain images of the object from different positions, thereby realizing binocular stereovision imaging. However, the current endoscope is usually too large in size to realize binocular stereovision imaging, which is easy to cause damage to the patient and is not conducive to the use of the endoscope. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an optical system, an objective lens module, an endoscope and an imaging method to solve the problem of the current binocular stereovision imaging endoscope being too large in size.

[0004] An optical system comprises:

[0005] A light receiving assembly having a first state and a second state, the light receiving assembly being capable of receiving first light reflected by an object through a first window in the first state, and the light receiving assembly being capable of receiving second light reflected by the object through a second window in the second state; and

[0006] An imaging lens group comprising at least one lens having optical power, the imaging lens group being disposed on an image side of the light receiving assembly and being used to receive outgoing light of the light receiving assembly, the first window and the second window being different in position to realize binocular stereovision imaging.

[0007] In one embodiment, the light receiving assembly forms a first light path and a second light path, and is capable of selectively opening the first window or the second window, when the first window is opened, the first light reflected by the object can be incident on the imaging lens group through the first window and the first light path, and when the second window is opened, the second light reflected by the object can be incident on the imaging lens group through the second window and the second light path.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the light receiving assembly comprises a first prism, a second prism and a third prism, the first prism has a first light entrance surface and a first light exit surface, the second prism has a second light entrance surface and a second light exit surface, the third prism has a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, the first surface is opposite to the first light exit surface, the second surface is opposite to the second light exit surface, the third surface is opposite to the imaging lens group, the first prism and the third prism form the first optical path, and the second prism and the third prism form the second optical path.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the refractive index of the medium between the first surface and the first light exit surface is less than the refractive index of the third prism, and the refractive index of the medium between the second surface and the second light exit surface is less than the refractive index of the third prism.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the light receiving assembly further comprises a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element is arranged on the object side of the first light entrance surface, the second switch element is arranged on the object side of the second light entrance surface, the first switch element and the second switch element both have a light transmission state and a light blocking state, the first switch element opens the first window in the light transmission state and closes the first window in the light blocking state, and the second switch element opens the second window in the light transmission state and closes the second window in the light blocking state.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the light receiving assembly comprises a light receiving prism and a rotating mechanism, the light receiving prism is arranged on the object side of the imaging lens group, the rotating mechanism can drive the light receiving assembly to rotate around the optical axis of the imaging lens group, so as to switch the light receiving assembly between the first state and the second state, the light receiving prism forms the first optical path when the light receiving assembly is in the first state, and the light receiving prism forms the second optical path when the light receiving assembly is in the second state.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the light receiving prism has an incident surface and an exit surface arranged oppositely, the exit surface is opposite to the imaging lens group and perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group, the incident surface in the first state is symmetrical to the incident surface in the second state about the optical axis of the imaging lens group.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the optical system further comprises a focusing assembly, the focusing assembly has at least two reflecting surfaces, the focusing assembly can emit the light emitted by the imaging lens group after at least two reflections, and the distance between the at least two reflecting surfaces in the focusing assembly is adjustable.

[0014] In one embodiment, the focusing assembly includes a first focusing prism and a second focusing prism. The first focusing prism has a first reflecting surface and a fourth reflecting surface, and the second focusing prism has a second reflecting surface and a third reflecting surface. Light emitted from the imaging lens group can be reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface, the third reflecting surface, and the fourth reflecting surface before exiting the focusing assembly. At least one of the first focusing prism and the second focusing prism is movable to change the distance between at least two reflecting surfaces.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first and second reflective surfaces are parallel, the third and fourth reflective surfaces are parallel, and at least one of the first and second focusing prisms is movable in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group.

[0016] An objective lens module includes a photosensitive chip and an optical system as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the photosensitive chip is disposed on the image side of the imaging lens module.

[0017] An endoscope comprising the objective lens module as described above.

[0018] An imaging method using the above-mentioned objective lens module, characterized in that it includes:

[0019] Open the first window;

[0020] The photosensitive chip captures the image formed by the first light ray;

[0021] Open the second window;

[0022] The photosensitive chip captures the image formed by the second light ray;

[0023] The image formed by the first ray and the image formed by the second ray are fused to obtain a stereoscopic image of the subject.

[0024] The aforementioned optical system allows the light-collecting component to collect images of the subject from different positions through the first and second windows under different states, thereby obtaining at least two images of the subject with parallax. These at least two images can then be superimposed to achieve binocular stereoscopic imaging. Furthermore, by utilizing the different windows of the light-collecting component, the system can collect images of different positions of the subject using only one imaging lens group. This not only achieves binocular stereoscopic imaging but also helps to reduce the size of the optical system. Consequently, when applied to endoscopes, this reduces the size of the endoscope, facilitating its use. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1These are schematic diagrams of the objective lens module in some embodiments;

[0026] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the light-collecting components in some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for collecting images of a subject using an objective lens module in some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the objective lens module in some other embodiments;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the objective lens module in its first state.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the objective lens module in its second state.

[0031] Figure 7 Here are the MTF curves of the objective lens module in some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a dot plot of the objective lens module in some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 9 Here are field curvature and distortion curves of the objective lens module in some embodiments;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the objective lens module in some other embodiments;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the objective lens module including a light source in some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the objective lens module including multiple light sources in some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the endoscope structure in some embodiments.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 10. Objective lens module; 110. Optical system; 111. Light receiving assembly; 1111. First window; 1112. Second window; 1113. First prism; 1114. First light-incident surface; 1115. First light-exiting surface; 1116. Second prism; 1117. Second light-incident surface; 1118. Second light-exiting surface; 1119. Third prism; 1121. First surface; 1122. Second surface; 1123. Third surface; 1124. First switching element; 1125. Second switching element; 1126. Light receiving prism; 1127. 1128. Incident surface; 113. Exit surface; 114. Focusing assembly; 115. First focusing prism; 116. First reflecting surface; 117. Fourth reflecting surface; 118. Second focusing prism; 119. Second reflecting surface; 110. Third reflecting surface; 111. Imaging lens group; 1128. Lens; 1139. Imaging surface; 1120. Photosensitive chip; 1130. End cap; 1140. Light source; 1150. Protective glass; 1160. Fixing structure; 1170. Lens mount; 118. Endoscope; 119. Control handle; 120. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the objective lens module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In some embodiments, the objective lens module 10 can be applied to an endoscope, such as any type of rigid or flexible endoscope. The objective lens module 10 can be used to acquire images of a subject, such as images of lesion areas within a patient's body, to assist in diagnosis or treatment. The objective lens module 10 may include an optical system 110 and a photosensitive chip 120 disposed on the image side of the optical system 110. The optical system 110 may include a light-receiving assembly 111 and an imaging lens group 114. The imaging lens group 114 includes at least one lens 1141 with optical power. The light-receiving assembly 111 is capable of acquiring light reflected from the subject on the objective side of the objective lens module 10. The imaging lens assembly 114 has an optical axis and an imaging surface 115. Each lens 1141 in the imaging lens assembly 114 can be coaxially arranged, and the common axis of all lenses 1141 can be considered the optical axis of the imaging lens assembly 114. The imaging surface 115 of the imaging lens assembly 114 can coincide with the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive chip 120. The imaging lens assembly 114 can regulate light, enabling the light to form a clear image on the imaging surface 115, facilitating diagnosis or treatment. The photosensitive chip 120 can be any light-sensitive charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor device (CMOS sensor).

[0047] It should be noted that, in this application, the description of the object side of a certain element can be understood as the light-incident side of the element, or the side of the element facing the subject; the description of the image side of a certain element can be understood as the light-exiting side of the element, or the side of the element facing the imaging surface 115. In this application, the specific configuration of the imaging lens group 114 is not limited and can be designed according to imaging requirements. For example, the imaging lens group 114 can achieve telephoto, wide-angle, zoom, and focusing functions through the combination of one or more lenses 1141 with optical power. The imaging lens group 114 may include any combination of one or more convex lenses 1141 or concave lenses 1141.

[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the light-receiving component 111 is capable of receiving light reflected from the subject and propagating the light to the imaging lens group 114. After adjustment by the imaging lens group 114, the light is incident on the imaging surface 115 to form an image. The light-receiving component 111 may have a first window 1111 and a second window 1112. Both the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 can be opened to receive light reflected from the subject, or closed to stop receiving the image reflected from the subject. The light-receiving component 111 may have a first state and a second state. When the first window 1111 is open and the second window 1112 is closed, the light-receiving component 111 is in the first state, and the light-receiving component 111 collects the first light reflected from the subject through the first window 1111. When the first window 1111 is closed and the second window 1112 is open, the light-receiving component 111 is in the second state, and the light-receiving component 111 collects the second light reflected from the subject through the second window 1112. In this design, the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 are positioned differently. In other words, when the light-collecting component 111 is in the first state and the second state, it collects light reflected from the subject from different positions, thereby acquiring images of the subject from different positions. By fusing the subject images acquired by the light-collecting component 111 through the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 through an algorithm, a stereoscopic image of the subject can be obtained, achieving binocular stereoscopic vision imaging.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this application, the light rays incident on the light-receiving component 111 from the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 are both incident on the photosensitive chip 120 after being adjusted by the imaging lens group 114. The two sets of light rays share one imaging lens group 114 and one photosensitive chip 120. Therefore, in order to acquire images of different positions of the subject respectively, so as to fuse the images of different positions of the subject to achieve binocular stereoscopic vision imaging, the light-receiving component 111 can selectively open one of the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 at the same time. In other words, at the same time, the light-receiving component 111 is in one of the first state and the second state.

[0050] The aforementioned optical system 110, with its light-collecting component 111 capable of collecting images of the subject from different positions through the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 under different states, obtains at least two images of the subject with parallax. These at least two images can then be superimposed to achieve binocular stereoscopic imaging. Furthermore, by utilizing the different windows of the light-collecting component 111, the optical system 110 can collect images of different positions of the subject using only one imaging lens group 114. While achieving binocular stereoscopic imaging, this also helps to compress the size of the optical system 110. Therefore, when the optical system 110 is applied to an endoscope, it avoids making the endoscope too large, thus facilitating its use. Meanwhile, the aforementioned objective lens module 10 only needs to be equipped with one photosensitive chip 120 to achieve binocular stereoscopic vision imaging. When the objective lens module 10 is applied in an endoscope, the endoscope has more space to accommodate the photosensitive chip 120, providing the possibility of increasing the size of the photosensitive chip 120. This is beneficial for using a larger photosensitive chip 120 in the objective lens module 10, such as a 1 / 3-inch photosensitive chip 120, thereby improving the resolution of the objective lens module 10 and giving the objective lens module 10 good imaging quality, which is conducive to the smooth progress of diagnosis or treatment.

[0051] The specific configuration of the light receiving component 111 is not limited, as long as the light receiving component 111 can form a first window 1111 and a second window 1112, and can collect images of different positions of the subject through the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 respectively, and can transmit the images collected by the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 to the imaging lens group 114, and then adjust the image of the incident photosensitive chip 120 through the imaging lens group 114 to form an image. It is understood that since the light rays entering the light-receiving assembly 111 from the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 share an imaging lens group 114 and a photosensitive chip 120, the light-receiving assembly 111 can be regarded as having two optical paths. For example, the light-receiving assembly 111 has a first optical path and a second optical path. The first light ray entering the light-receiving assembly 111 from the first window 1111 propagates along the first optical path inside the light-receiving assembly 111 until it exits from the light-receiving assembly 111 and enters the imaging lens group 114. The second light ray entering the light-receiving assembly 111 from the second window 1112 propagates along the second optical path inside the light-receiving assembly 111 until it exits from the light-receiving assembly 111 and enters the imaging lens group 114.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the light-receiving assembly 111 includes a first prism 1113, a second prism 1116, and a third prism 1119 disposed on the object side of the imaging lens group 114. The first prism 1113 has a first light-incident surface 1114 and a first light-exiting surface 1115. The second prism 1116 has a second light-incident surface 1117 and a second light-exiting surface 1118. The third prism 1119 has a first surface 1121, a second surface 1122, and a third surface 1123. The first surface 1121 is opposite to the first light-exiting surface 1115, the second surface 1122 is opposite to the second light-exiting surface 1118, and the third surface 1123 is opposite to the imaging lens group 114. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The image also shows the direction of light from the 10 parts of the objective lens module, from... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen, when the light receiving component 111 is in the first state, the first light reflected by the subject enters the first prism 1113 through the first window 1111 and the first light-incident surface 1114. After one reflection in the first prism 1113, it is refracted at the junction of the first light-out surface 1115 and the first surface 1121 and enters the third prism 1119. Then, it is reflected at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light-out surface 1118, and then exits the light receiving component 111 from the third surface 1123 and enters the imaging lens group 114. When the light-receiving assembly 111 is in the second state, the second light reflected from the subject enters the second prism 1116 through the second window 1112 and the second light-incident surface 1117. After one reflection in the second prism 1116, it is refracted at the junction of the second light-exiting surface 1118 and the second surface 1122 and enters the third prism 1119. Then, it is reflected at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first light-exiting surface 1115, and then exits the light-receiving assembly 111 from the third surface 1123 and enters the imaging lens group 114.

[0053] Understandably, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first prism 1113 and the third prism 1119 together form the first optical path, and the second prism 1116 and the third prism 1119 together form the second optical path. In other words, the first and second optical paths share a single third prism 1119. The third prism 1119 can deflect the light rays incident on the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 towards the imaging lens group 114, which also helps to optimize the structure of the light-collecting assembly 111 and reduce its size, thereby facilitating a further reduction in the size of the objective lens module 10. It should be noted that in Figure 1 and Figure 2In the embodiments shown, the light paths of the first and second light paths are illustrated simultaneously to facilitate understanding of the direction of light. However, in reality, to facilitate the acquisition of images of different positions of the subject, only one of the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 is open at the same time, and only one of the first and second light paths is open.

[0054] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the medium between the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115 is less than the refractive index of the third prism 1119, and the refractive index of the medium between the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118 is less than the refractive index of the third prism 1119. When the above design is met, the first light ray incident on the light receiving component 111 from the first light incident surface 1114 is incident on the third prism 1119 and from the third prism 1119 to the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light emitting surface 1118. This can be regarded as the light ray incident on the optically denser medium between the third prism 1119 and the second prism 1116, which helps to reduce the critical angle of total internal reflection between the second surface 1122 and the second light emitting surface 1118. This makes it easier for the first light ray to undergo total internal reflection at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light emitting surface 1118, and then smoothly exit from the third surface 1123 of the third prism 1119 and enter the imaging lens group 114. At the same time, it helps to improve the utilization rate of the first light ray and improve the imaging quality of the objective lens module 10. Similarly, when the second ray incident on the second prism 1116 from the second incident surface 1117 is incident on the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first exiting surface 1115 in the third prism 1119, it can also be regarded as an incident on the optically less dense medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 from the optically denser medium of the third prism 1119. This makes it easier for the second ray to undergo total internal reflection at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first exiting surface 1115, and then smoothly exit from the third surface 1123 of the third prism 1119 and enter the imaging lens group 114. At the same time, it is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of light and improve the imaging quality of the objective lens module 10.

[0055] The arrangement of the medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 is not limited. In some embodiments, the first prism 1113 and the third prism 1119 are bonded together with adhesive, the refractive index of which is less than the refractive index of the material of the third prism 1119; similarly, the second prism 1116 and the third prism 1119 are bonded together with adhesive, the refractive index of which is less than the refractive index of the material of the third prism 1119. In this embodiment, the adhesive can be a high-transmittance optical adhesive, so that the first light ray incident on the first prism 1113 can smoothly enter the third prism 1119 from the first surface 1121, and the second light ray incident on the second prism 1116 can also smoothly enter the third prism 1119 from the second surface 1122. Specifically, in some embodiments, the prism can be made of any suitable glass or plastic material. The refractive index of the prism material can be 1.5168, and the refractive index of the glue can be 1.48. Then, the critical angle for total internal reflection at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115, and at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118, is 77.4°. The first light ray incident on the first prism 1113 from the first light-incident surface 1114 is prone to total internal reflection at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118, and the second light ray incident on the second prism 1116 from the second light-incident surface 1117 is prone to total internal reflection at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115.

[0056] In other embodiments, the medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 can also be air. For example, the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 are spaced apart and air-isolated, and the third prism 1119 and the second prism 1116 are spaced apart and air-isolated. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the material of the third prism 1119 can also be 1.5168, and the refractive index of the medium between the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115, the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118 is 1. Then, the critical angle for total internal reflection at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115 and at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118 is 44.3°. The light easily undergoes total internal reflection at the junction of the first surface 1121 and the first light-emitting surface 1115 and at the junction of the second surface 1122 and the second light-emitting surface 1118. The above are merely examples of the refractive index of the material of the third prism 1119 and the medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 in some embodiments. The third prism 1119 and the medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 can also have other applicable settings. For example, one of the mediums between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 can be glue, and the other can be air, or it can be other types of medium, as long as the light incident on the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 can be reflected by the third prism 1119 and then enter the imaging lens group 114.

[0057] refer to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 may be generally prism-shaped. Two opposing sides of the first prism 1113 form a first incident surface 1114 and a first exiting surface 1115. A first ray incident on the first prism 1113 from the first incident surface 1114 is reflected in one of the sides connecting the first incident surface 1114 and the first exiting surface 1115 and exits from the first exiting surface 1115. Two opposing sides of the second prism 1116 form a second incident surface 1117 and a second exiting surface 1118. A second ray incident on the second prism 1116 from the second incident surface 1117 is reflected in one of the sides connecting the second incident surface 1117 and the first exiting surface 1115 and exits from the second exiting surface 1118. The third prism 1119 can be roughly in the shape of a triangular prism. The side of the third prism 1119 opposite to the first light-emitting surface 1115 forms the first surface 1121, the surface opposite to the second light-emitting surface 1118 forms the second surface 1122, and the surface opposite to the imaging lens group 114 forms the third surface 1123.

[0058] Further, refer to Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the angle between the first incident surface 1114 and one of the side surfaces connecting the first incident surface 1114 and the first exiting surface 1115 is 45°. The first light ray incident on the first prism 1113 undergoes total internal reflection on this surface and exits from the first exiting surface 1115, which is perpendicular to this side surface. The angle between the first incident surface 1114 and another side surface connecting the first incident surface 1114 and the first exiting surface 1115 is 135°, and the first exiting surface 1115 is perpendicular to this other side surface. The first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116 are mirror-symmetric about the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114. The angle between the second incident surface 1117 and the two side surfaces connecting the second incident surface 1117 and the second exiting surface 1118 can be obtained by the first prism 1113. The first light-emitting surface 1115 is parallel to the first surface 1121, the first light-incident surface 1114 is parallel to the third surface 1123, the second light-emitting surface 1118 is parallel to the second surface 1122, the second light-incident surface 1117 is parallel to the third surface 1123, and the third surface 1123 is perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114. By satisfying the above design, through the angle design of each prism in the light-receiving assembly 111, combined with the refractive index of the third prism 1119 and the refractive index design of the medium between the third prism 1119 and the first prism 1113 and the second prism 1116, the light rays incident on the light-receiving assembly 111 from the first light-incident surface 1114 and the second light-incident surface 1117 can propagate along the first optical path and the second optical path respectively and smoothly exit towards the imaging lens group 114, thereby enabling the light-receiving assembly 111 to successfully acquire images of different positions of the subject.

[0059] Of course, the light-collecting component 111 in some of the above embodiments can have other applicable designs in terms of the number, shape, angle and material of the prisms in the light-collecting component 111, as long as the light-collecting component 111 can collect images of the two positions of the subject respectively.

[0060] Please see again. Figure 1In some embodiments, the light-receiving assembly 111 further includes a first switching element 1124 and a second switching element 1125. The first switching element 1124 is disposed on the object side of the first light-incident surface 1114 and defines a first window 1111. The second switching element 1125 is disposed on the object side of the second light-incident surface 1117 and defines a second window 1112. The first switching element 1124 can transmit light to open the first window 1111 or block light to close the first window 1111. The second switching element 1125 can transmit light to open the second window 1112 or block light to close the second window 1112. It is understood that at the same time, only one of the first switching element 1124 and the second switching element 1125 transmits light while the other blocks light, so that the light-receiving assembly 111 can collect an image of one position of the subject at the same time. The type of the first switching element 1124 and the second switching element 1125 is not limited and can be a shutter or any other suitable element capable of selectively transmitting or blocking light.

[0061] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the method for achieving binocular stereoscopic imaging of the subject using the objective lens module 10 includes the following steps:

[0062] The first switching element 1124 is driven to transmit light, and the second switching element 1125 is driven to block light, so as to open the first window 1111. The first light reflected from one of the positions of the subject is transmitted to the imaging lens group 114 through the first optical path. After being adjusted by the imaging lens group 114, the first light enters the photosensitive chip 120.

[0063] The image sensor 120 captures an image of one location of the subject, i.e., the image formed by the first ray of light;

[0064] The first switching element 1124 is driven to block light, and the second switching element 1125 is driven to transmit light, so as to open the second window 1112. The second light reflected from another position of the subject is transmitted to the imaging lens group 114 through the second optical path. After being adjusted by the imaging lens group 114, the second light enters the photosensitive chip 120.

[0065] The image sensor 120 captures an image of another location on the subject, i.e., an image formed by the second light ray;

[0066] The algorithm fuses images from two locations of the subject to achieve binocular stereo vision imaging, thus obtaining a stereo image of the subject.

[0067] A stereoscopic image of the photographed object is displayed on a monitor to aid in diagnosis or treatment.

[0068] Understandably, in practical applications, the above method can be continuously cycled, that is, after acquiring and displaying a stereoscopic image of the subject at one point in time, it continues to acquire and display a stereoscopic image of the subject at the next point in time, thereby achieving the effect of real-time display of the stereoscopic image of the subject. Furthermore, during one implementation of the above method, the opening time of the first switching element 1124 and the second switching element 1125, and the time interval between the opening of the first switching element 1124 and the opening of the second switching element 1125, cannot be too long, in order to acquire relatively continuous images of the subject. Of course, the opening time of the first switching element 1124 and the second switching element 1125, and the time interval between the opening of the first switching element 1124 and the opening of the second switching element 1125, cannot be too short, in order to reserve sufficient response time for the photosensitive chip 120, so that the photosensitive chip 120 can successfully acquire images of the subject. The opening time of the first switching element 1124 and the second switching element 1125, and the time interval between state switching, can be designed according to the response speed of the photosensitive chip 120, for example, it can be less than or equal to 0.021s.

[0069] Examples of the light-receiving component 111 in other embodiments are listed below. (See references) Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the light-receiving assembly 111 includes a light-receiving prism 1126 and a rotating mechanism (not shown). The light-receiving prism 1126 is disposed on the object side of the imaging lens group 114 and has an incident surface 1127 and an exit surface 1128 arranged opposite to each other. The incident surface 1127 faces the object side, and the exit surface 1128 faces the imaging lens group 114. Light from the object side can enter the light-receiving prism 1126 from the incident surface 1127 and undergo one or more reflections within the light-receiving prism 1126 before exiting from the exit surface 1128, thereby entering the imaging lens group 114. The rotating mechanism can drive the light-receiving assembly 111 to rotate around the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114 to change the position of the incident surface 1127, allowing the light-receiving assembly 111 to switch between a first state and a second state, thereby enabling the light-receiving assembly 111 to collect images of different positions of the subject through the incident surfaces 1127 located at different positions. Understandably, in this application, when the light-collecting prism 1126 is rotated to the first state under the drive of the rotating mechanism, the incident surface 1127 can be regarded as the first window 1111, and the light-collecting prism 1126 forms the first optical path. At this time, the first window 1111 is open, and the first light reflected from one position of the subject enters the light-collecting prism 1126 from the incident surface 1127. When the light-collecting prism 1126 is rotated to the second state under the influence of the rotating mechanism, the incident surface 1127 can be regarded as the second window 1112, and the light-collecting prism 1126 forms the second optical path. At this time, the second window 1112 is open, and the second light reflected from another position of the subject enters the light-collecting prism 1126 from the incident surface 1127. By rotating one light-collecting prism 1126, two optical paths are formed, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the light-collecting assembly 111. The two optical paths share one imaging lens group 114, which also helps to compress the size of the objective lens module 10, thereby helping to reduce the size of the endoscope 20.

[0070] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-receiving component 111 in a first state in some embodiments. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the light-collecting component 111 in a second state in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the incident surface 1127 in the first state and the incident surface 1127 in the second state are mirror-symmetrical about the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114, so that the light-collecting component 111 can capture images of different positions of the subject more closely to the human eye, thereby enabling better binocular stereoscopic vision imaging.

[0071] In some embodiments, the light-collecting prism 1126 can be a quadrangular prism, with its two opposing surfaces forming an incident surface 1127 and an exit surface 1128, respectively. The cross-section of the light-collecting prism 1126 can be a parallelogram, and the angles between the incident surface 1127 and the two sides connecting the incident surface 1127 and the exit surface 1128 can be 135° and 45°, respectively. Both the incident surface 1127 and the exit surface 1128 can be perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114, so that the light propagating through the light-collecting prism 1126 can enter the imaging lens group 114 at a good incident angle, improving the imaging quality of the objective lens module 10. The light rays incident on the light-collecting prism 1126 from the incident surface 1127 can be reflected sequentially on the two sides connecting the incident surface 1127 and the exit surface 1128, and then exit the light-collecting prism 1126 from the exit surface 1128 and enter the imaging lens group 114. Of course, the above are only examples of the light-collecting prism 1126 in some embodiments. The light-collecting prism 1126 can also be any other applicable regular or irregular three-dimensional shape. Light can undergo one or more other arbitrary reflections in the light-collecting prism 1126, as long as the light-collecting prism 1126 can effectively propagate the light reflected from the subject at different positions to the imaging lens group 114. The design of the rotating mechanism is also not limited, and can be any applicable rotating drive element such as a rotary motor, as long as it can drive the light-collecting prism 1126 to rotate around the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114, so that the light-collecting component 111 can switch between the first state and the second state.

[0072] It is understandable that when the light-collecting assembly 111 includes the light-collecting prism 1126 and the rotation mechanism, the method by which the objective lens module 10 acquires a stereoscopic image of the subject can also refer to [the above methods]. Figure 3 The method shown is different in that the opening or closing of the first window 1111 and the second window 1112 in this embodiment is achieved by rotating the light-receiving prism 1126 through a rotating mechanism.

[0073] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, the optical system 110 may further include a focusing assembly 113. The focusing assembly 113 has at least two reflective surfaces and may be disposed on the image side of the imaging lens group 114. Light rays emitted from the imaging lens group 114 may be reflected sequentially by the reflective surfaces of the focusing assembly 113 before being emitted toward the photosensitive chip 120. The distance between the at least two reflective surfaces in the focusing assembly 113 is adjustable. It is understood that by adjusting the distance between the at least two reflective surfaces in the focusing assembly 113, the path length of light propagation in the focusing assembly 113 can be changed, allowing the light to converge better onto the imaging surface 115, thus achieving a focusing effect. Simultaneously, the focusing assembly 113, through multiple reflections, can also achieve an optical path folding effect, which helps to shorten the size of the objective lens module 10, thereby further compressing the size of the endoscope.

[0074] Further, in some embodiments, the focusing assembly 113 includes a first focusing prism 1131 and a second focusing prism 1134. The first focusing prism 1131 has a first reflecting surface 1132 and a fourth reflecting surface 1133, and the second focusing prism 1134 has a second reflecting surface 1135 and a third reflecting surface 1136. Light emitted from the imaging lens group 114 can be reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface 1132, the second reflecting surface 1135, the third reflecting surface 1136, and the fourth reflecting surface 1133 before exiting the focusing assembly 113. At least one of the first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 is movable to change the distance between the first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134, thereby changing the distance between at least two reflecting surfaces.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 may both be triangular prisms, with identical shapes and sizes. The cross-sections of both prisms may be isosceles triangles. The two sides corresponding to the two sides of the cross-section of the first focusing prism 1131 form the first reflecting surface 1132 and the fourth reflecting surface 1133, respectively. The two sides corresponding to the two sides of the cross-section of the second focusing prism 1134 form the second reflecting surface 1135 and the third reflecting surface 1136, respectively. In some embodiments, the first reflecting surface 1132 and the second reflecting surface 1135 are parallel, and the third reflecting surface 1136 and the fourth reflecting surface 1133 are parallel. At least one of the first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 can move along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group 114. It is understood that in this application, when the distance between the first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 changes, the distance between the first reflecting surface 1132 and the second reflecting surface 1135, as well as the distance between the third reflecting surface 1136 and the fourth reflecting surface 1133, will also change, thereby achieving an effective focusing effect.

[0076] The first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 may be movable, or both may be movable, as long as the distance between at least two reflecting surfaces can be changed to achieve a focusing effect. The first focusing prism 1131 and the second focusing prism 1134 can be moved by any suitable driving element such as a linear voice coil motor. Of course, the above is only one example of the focusing assembly 113. The number of prisms, the shape of the prisms, and the number of reflections of light in the focusing assembly 113 can also be any other suitable combination, as long as the path length of light propagation in the focusing assembly 113 can be changed to achieve a focusing effect.

[0077] It should be noted that although the above embodiments only list two states of the light-collecting component 111, which can acquire images from two different positions of the subject, in reality, the light-collecting component 111 can also acquire images from three, four, or more different positions of the subject, as long as the light-collecting component 111 can acquire images from different positions of the subject separately so that the images from different positions of the subject can be fused to obtain a stereoscopic image of the subject. For example, the light-collecting component 111 may include more prisms, each of which can collect light reflected from different positions of the subject separately. Alternatively, the light-collecting prism 1126 of the light-collecting component 111 can be rotated to more than a number of different positions under the drive of a rotating mechanism to acquire light reflected from different positions of the subject separately.

[0078] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 andFigure 9 , Figure 7 This is a transfer function (MTF) curve of the image formed by the first ray acquired by the objective lens module 10 in some embodiments. Figure 8 This is a dot plot of the image formed by the first light rays acquired by the objective lens module 10 in some embodiments. Figure 9 From left to right in some embodiments, the images shown are field curvature and distortion curves of the image formed by the objective module 10 acquiring the first light rays. Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the MTF of objective module 10 decreases gradually with increasing frequency, and the MTF curves of different fields of view are close to the diffraction limit. The spot radius of all fields of view is smaller than the Airy disk radius, reaching the diffraction limit. Objective module 10 has high resolution and good imaging quality. Figure 9 It can be seen that the field curvature of objective module 10 across the entire field of view is less than 0.0253, and the distortion across the entire field of view is less than 7%, demonstrating good imaging quality.

[0079] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, the objective lens module 10 further includes a cover 130 for protecting the components of the objective lens module 10, a light source 140 installed in the cover 130 for illuminating the subject, a protective glass 150 for protecting the optical system 110, a fixing structure 160 for fixing or supporting the light receiving assembly 111, and a lens mount 170 for fixing or supporting the imaging lens group 114. The light reflected from the subject enters the light receiving assembly 111 through the protective glass 150. Although not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art will understand that the objective lens module 10 may also include any applicable components not shown in the figure, and the components shown in the figure may be omitted or replaced with other applicable components.

[0080] refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The specific configuration of the light source 140 in the objective lens module 10 is not limited. The objective lens module 10 may include only one light source 140, which is located between the first window 1111 and the second window 1112. The objective lens module 10 may also include multiple light sources 140, which are spaced apart and evenly distributed between the first window 1111 and the second window 1112. As long as they can provide uniform illumination to the subject to improve the imaging effect of the objective lens module 10, it is acceptable.

[0081] It should be noted that the type of light source 140 is not limited. Light source 140 can emit visible light or fluorescence; in other words, the objective lens module 10 can acquire either a visible light image or a fluorescence image of the subject. Light source 140 can also have the function of emitting visible light and fluorescence separately, allowing the objective lens module 10 to acquire both visible light and fluorescence images of the subject separately, thus better capturing information about the subject. When the objective lens module 10 can acquire both visible light and fluorescence images of the subject separately, the photosensitive chip 120 can be a CCD or CMOS sensor that is sensitive to both visible light and fluorescence.

[0082] Please see Figure 13 This application also provides an endoscope 20, including an objective lens module 10 as described in any of the above embodiments. The endoscope 20 can be any applicable type of rigid endoscope or flexible endoscope. By employing the aforementioned objective lens module 10 in the endoscope 20, binocular stereoscopic vision imaging can be achieved while maintaining a small size, thereby minimizing the impact of the endoscope 20 on the patient. The endoscope 20 may also include a control handle 210 for controlling the operation of the objective lens module 10 and a connector 220 for connecting to a display. Further components of the endoscope 20 can be configured according to the usage requirements of the endoscope 20, and will not be elaborated here.

[0083] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0084] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical system, characterized in that, include: A light-receiving component has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the light-receiving component is capable of receiving first light reflected from a subject through a first window, and in the second state, it is capable of receiving second light reflected from a subject through a second window. An imaging lens group is disposed on the image side of the light-receiving component and is used to receive the first light ray or the second light ray emitted by the light-receiving component. The light-receiving component forms a first optical path and a second optical path, and can selectively open the first window or the second window. When the first window is open, the first light reflected by the subject can enter the imaging lens group through the first window and the first optical path. When the second window is open, the second light reflected by the subject can enter the imaging lens group through the second window and the second optical path. The light-collecting component includes a light-collecting prism and a rotating mechanism. The light-collecting prism is disposed on the object side of the imaging lens group. The rotating mechanism can drive the light-collecting component to rotate around the optical axis of the imaging lens group, so that the light-collecting component switches between a first state and a second state. When the light-collecting component is in the first state, the light-collecting prism forms the first optical path. When the light-collecting component is in the second state, the light-collecting prism forms the second optical path.

2. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-collecting prism has an incident surface and an exit surface arranged opposite to each other. The exit surface is opposite to the imaging lens group and perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group. The incident surface in the first state and the incident surface in the second state are symmetrical about the optical axis of the imaging lens group.

3. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical system further includes a focusing assembly having at least two reflective surfaces. The focusing assembly is capable of reflecting light emitted from the imaging lens group at least twice before emitting it. The distance between the at least two reflective surfaces in the focusing assembly is adjustable.

4. The optical system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The focusing assembly includes a first focusing prism and a second focusing prism. The first focusing prism has a first reflecting surface and a fourth reflecting surface, and the second focusing prism has a second reflecting surface and a third reflecting surface. The light emitted from the imaging lens group can be reflected sequentially by the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface, the third reflecting surface, and the fourth reflecting surface before exiting the focusing assembly. At least one of the first focusing prism and the second focusing prism is movable to change the distance between at least two reflecting surfaces.

5. The optical system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second reflecting surfaces are parallel, the third and fourth reflecting surfaces are parallel, and at least one of the first and second focusing prisms is movable in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging lens group.

6. An objective lens module, characterized in that, It includes a photosensitive chip and an optical system as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the photosensitive chip is disposed on the image side of the imaging lens group.

7. An endoscope, characterized in that, Includes the objective lens module as described in claim 6.

8. An imaging method using the objective lens module of claim 6, characterized in that, include: Open the first window; The photosensitive chip captures the image formed by the first light ray; Open the second window; The photosensitive chip captures the image formed by the second light ray; The image formed by the first ray and the image formed by the second ray are fused to obtain a stereoscopic image of the subject.

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