A power supply circuit of an adaptive power supply and a power-using device

Abstract

The application provides a power supply circuit of an adaptive power supply and a power-using equipment, wherein the power supply circuit comprises a first power supply connecting groove and a second power supply connecting groove for placing a power supply, the power supply is a dry battery or a lithium battery, and the power supply circuit further comprises a voltage dividing circuit, a first controlled switch and a switching control circuit, so that when the power supply is the lithium battery, the voltage output by the voltage dividing circuit to the control end of the first controlled switch makes the first controlled switch conduct, the current power supply circuit can be automatically identified as being powered by the dry battery or the lithium battery through the design of the hardware circuit, and the series-parallel connection relationship of the power supply is automatically switched according to the type of the power supply to supply power to the power-using equipment, the damage of the subsequent circuit caused by the user's mistake of placing the lithium battery is avoided, the adaptive capacity of the power supply circuit to different power supplies is realized, the user experience is improved, the cost of the hardware circuit design is low, and the cost of the power supply circuit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit control, and more specifically to a power supply circuit and electrical equipment with an adaptive power supply. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, many electrical devices, such as small handheld atomizers, require a power supply voltage of around 3V, typically powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series. In practical applications, some users may confuse lithium batteries with dry cell batteries, mistakenly inserting a 3.7V lithium battery into the atomizer. Because the dry cell battery power supply circuit in the atomizer is a series circuit, this will cause the atomizer's power supply voltage to reach 7.4V, potentially burning out the subsequent circuitry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art of electrical equipment powered by two dry batteries connected in series, which will damage the subsequent circuit if the user accidentally inserts a lithium battery, thereby providing an adaptive power supply circuit and electrical equipment.

[0004] According to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply, the power supply circuit comprising: a first power connection slot and a second power connection slot for accommodating a power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, characterized in that the power supply circuit further comprises: a voltage divider circuit, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit, wherein...

[0005] The positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the normally closed contact of the switching control circuit.

[0006] The negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact;

[0007] The first end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, the second end is connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply connection slot, and the third end is grounded. When the power supply is a dry cell battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is less than the on-state voltage of the first controlled switch. When the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is greater than the on-state voltage of the first controlled switch.

[0008] The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the first control terminal of the switching control circuit, and the second terminal is grounded, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off.

[0009] Optionally, the switching control circuit includes: a double-pole double-throw relay.

[0010] The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil of the double-pole double-throw relay.

[0011] Optionally, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply further includes a diode, wherein the forward terminal of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil.

[0012] Optionally, the first controlled switch is an NMOS transistor.

[0013] Optionally, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply further includes:

[0014] An operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the voltage divider circuit, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the control terminal of the first controlled switch.

[0015] Optionally, the voltage divider circuit includes two voltage divider resistors with the same resistance value.

[0016] Optionally, the resistance of the voltage divider resistor is greater than 100KΩ.

[0017] Optionally, the positive end of the first power connection slot is connected to the power supply interface of the electrical device.

[0018] According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electrical device, including a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply as described in the first aspect and any alternative embodiments thereof.

[0019] Optionally, the electrical device is an atomizer.

[0020] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply provided by the present invention includes: a first power connection slot and a second power connection slot for placing the power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery; the power supply circuit further includes: a voltage divider circuit, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit, wherein the positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through a first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through a normally closed contact of the switching control circuit; the negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact; the voltage divider circuit... The first end is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, the second end is connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply connection slot, and the third end is grounded. When the power supply is a dry cell battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is less than the conduction voltage of the first controlled switch. When the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is greater than the conduction voltage of the first controlled switch. The first end of the first controlled switch is connected to the first control terminal of the switching control circuit, and the second end is grounded, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off. By utilizing the principle that when the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output of the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch turns the first controlled switch on, the hardware circuit design can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the device. This avoids damage to the subsequent circuit due to the user accidentally inserting a lithium battery, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit.

[0022] 2. The electrical equipment provided by this invention includes a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply provided in another embodiment of this invention. Utilizing the principle that when the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output from the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch causes the first controlled switch to conduct, the hardware circuit design can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series-parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the electrical equipment. This avoids damage to subsequent circuits due to users mistakenly inserting lithium batteries, achieving adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improving the user experience, and reducing the cost of the hardware circuit design, thereby reducing the cost of the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of an adaptive power supply in the prior art according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of another adaptive power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can also refer to the internal connection of two components; and they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] In existing technologies, many electrical devices, such as small handheld atomizers, require a power supply voltage of around 3V, typically powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series. In practical applications, some users may confuse lithium batteries with dry cell batteries, mistakenly inserting a 3.7V lithium battery into the atomizer. Because the dry cell battery power supply circuit in the atomizer is a series circuit, this will cause the atomizer's power supply voltage to reach 7.4V, potentially burning out the subsequent circuitry.

[0033] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit for an adaptive power source, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply includes: a first power connection slot 11 and a second power connection slot 12 for housing the power supply. The power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit also includes: a voltage divider circuit 13, a first controlled switch Q1, and a switching control circuit. Figure 1 (not shown in the image), where,

[0034] The positive terminal of the first power connection slot 11 is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the first normally open contact KM-1` of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the normally closed contact KM-1 of the switching control circuit.

[0035] The negative terminal of the first power connection slot 11 is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the second normally open contact KM-2;

[0036] The first end of the voltage divider circuit 13 is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch Q1, the second end is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12, and the third end is grounded. When the power supply is a dry cell battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit 13 to the control terminal of the first controlled switch Q1 is less than the conduction voltage of the first controlled switch Q1. When the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit 13 to the control terminal of the first controlled switch Q1 is greater than the conduction voltage of the first controlled switch Q1.

[0037] The first terminal of the first controlled switch Q1 is connected to the first control terminal of the switching control circuit, and the second terminal is grounded. When the first controlled switch Q1 is turned on, it controls the first normally open contact KM-1` and the second normally open contact KM-2 to be turned on, and controls the normally closed contact KM-1 to be turned off.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the positive end of the first power connection slot 11 is connected to the power supply interface VCC of the electrical device to supply power to the device. Furthermore, the power supply interface VCC is connected to the second control terminal of the switching control circuit. For example, when the user inserts a lithium battery, its output voltage is 3.2–4.2V; when the user inserts a dry cell battery, its output voltage is 2–3V.

[0039] Specifically, in one embodiment, the switching control circuit includes a double-pole double-throw relay, wherein the first terminal of the first controlled switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil KM of the double-pole double-throw relay.

[0040] In practical applications, the aforementioned switching control circuit can also be composed of multiple relay switches, such as a first normally closed relay and two normally open relays. The two ends of the normally closed relay are connected to the negative terminal of the first power connection slot 11 and the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12, respectively. The other two normally open relay switches are connected in the same manner as the two normally open contacts in the aforementioned double-pole double-throw relay. The induction coils of the three relays are connected in series and then connected to the first terminal of the aforementioned first controlled switch Q1. Thus, by utilizing multiple relays, automatic switching between the series and parallel connections of two power supplies is achieved. This invention is only an example and is not limited thereto.

[0041] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the aforementioned adaptive power supply also includes a diode D1. The forward terminal of diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil KM, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil KM. This utilizes diode D1 to provide freewheeling current to the double-pole double-throw relay, preventing damage to the relay after battery removal.

[0042] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first controlled switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor. When selecting an NMOS transistor, a VGS of approximately 1.2V is preferable, and the specific model can be chosen according to actual needs. In practical applications, a transistor with the same switching function as an NMOS transistor can also be selected, and the specific model can be flexibly set as needed; this invention is not limited to this.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power supply circuit of the aforementioned adaptive power supply further includes: an operational amplifier A1, the non-inverting input of which is connected to the first terminal of the voltage divider circuit 13, and the output of which is connected to both the inverting input of the operational amplifier A1 and the control terminal of the first controlled switch Q1. Thus, the voltage follower circuit formed by the operational amplifier A1 improves the load-carrying capacity and anti-interference capability of the voltage after voltage division by the voltage divider circuit 13, prevents the first controlled switch Q1 from mis-turning, and improves the stability and safety of the power supply circuit.

[0044] Specifically, the voltage divider circuit 13 includes two voltage divider resistors with the same resistance value. Figure 1 (R1 and R2 in the diagram). In practical applications, the resistance value of the above voltage divider resistors is greater than 100KΩ to reduce standby power consumption.

[0045] The working principle and process of the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail below with specific application examples.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, battery 1 and battery 2 are replaceable batteries of the same type. The voltage of a single dry cell battery is 1 to 1.6V (1.6V when fully charged), and the voltage of a single lithium battery is 3.2 to 4.2V (4.2V when fully charged).

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, its working principle is as follows:

[0048] 1. If batteries 1 and 2 are dry cell batteries: the potential difference between C and D is 1 to 1.6V. After voltage division by resistors R1 and R2, the voltage at point E is 0.5 to 0.8V. The voltage VGS of NMOS transistor Q1 is lower than the on-state voltage of 1.2V, so the NMOS cannot conduct. The KM relay does not work, and the normally closed contact KM-1 is closed. Points B and C are connected, and batteries 1 and 2 are connected in series. The output voltage of VCC is 2V to 3.2V.

[0049] 2. If batteries 1 and 2 are lithium batteries: the potential difference between C and D is 3.2-4.2V. After voltage division by resistors R1 and R2, the voltage at point E is 1.6-2.1V. At this time, the voltage at point E is higher than the on-state voltage of NMOS transistor Q1 by 1.2V. Q1 is turned on, the relay coil KM is energized, the normally closed contact KM-1 is opened, and the normally open contacts KM-1' and KM-2 are closed. Points A and C are connected, and points B and D are connected. Batteries 1 and 2 are connected in parallel, and the output voltage of VCC is 3.2-4.2V.

[0050] 3. Since the relay coil KM is energized during operation, when the battery is removed, the current in coil KM cannot change abruptly. The current returns from the output terminal of coil KM to the input terminal of coil KM through the freewheeling diode D1, preventing the risk of damage to circuit components.

[0051] The connection relationship and output voltage of the above power supply circuit when connected to different power supplies are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Dry cell batteries lithium batteries Series and parallel relationships Series in parallel Output voltage 2～3V 3.2～4.2V

[0054] To increase the load-carrying capacity and anti-interference capability of the voltage at point E obtained from the voltage divider between the two resistors, such as Figure 2 As shown, an operational amplifier A1 is added, which is connected in a voltage follower topology. The non-inverting input of A1 is connected to point E, the inverting input is connected to the output, and the gate of Q1 is connected to point F.

[0055] This allows for automatic identification of lithium batteries and dry cell batteries. When using dry cell batteries, the two batteries are connected in series. When a lithium battery is identified, the series circuit is switched to a parallel circuit, keeping the output voltage VCC no higher than 4.2V, effectively preventing excessive VCC from burning out the subsequent circuitry.

[0056] The adaptive power supply circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

[0057] 1. Automatically identifies lithium batteries and dry cell batteries without requiring main chip detection;

[0058] 2. When a lithium battery is identified, the series circuit is automatically switched to a parallel circuit to prevent higher voltage batteries from being connected in series and thus burning out the subsequent circuits.

[0059] 3. Series-parallel switching can be achieved without changing the structure; implementation is simple and the cost increase is small.

[0060] Through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned components, the adaptive power supply circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention utilizes the principle that when the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output from the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch enables the first controlled switch to conduct. Through hardware circuit design, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the device. This avoids damage to subsequent circuits due to users mistakenly inserting lithium batteries, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an electrical device, including a power supply circuit 101 for an adaptive power supply provided in another embodiment of the invention.

[0062] Specifically, in one embodiment, the aforementioned electrical device is an atomizer, such as a handheld atomizer. Alternatively, the electrical device can also be other devices powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series; this invention is merely an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0063] Through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned components, the electrical device provided in this embodiment of the invention utilizes the principle that when the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output from the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch turns the first controlled switch on. Through hardware circuit design, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the electrical device. This avoids damage to subsequent circuits due to users mistakenly inserting lithium batteries, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit and thus reducing the cost of the electrical device.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit for an adaptive power source, the power supply circuit comprising: A first power connection slot and a second power connection slot are used to house a power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery. The power supply circuit further includes: a voltage divider circuit, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit. The positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the normally closed contact of the switching control circuit. The negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact; The first end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, the second end is connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply connection slot, and the third end is grounded. When the power supply is a dry cell battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is less than the on-state voltage of the first controlled switch. When the power supply is a lithium battery, the voltage output by the voltage divider circuit to the control terminal of the first controlled switch is greater than the on-state voltage of the first controlled switch. The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the first control terminal of the switching control circuit, and the second terminal is grounded, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off.

2. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching control circuit includes: a double-pole double-throw relay. The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil of the double-pole double-throw relay.

3. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A diode, wherein the forward terminal of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil.

4. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first controlled switch is an NMOS transistor.

5. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the voltage divider circuit, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and the control terminal of the first controlled switch, respectively.

6. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage divider circuit includes two voltage divider resistors with the same resistance value.

7. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resistance of the voltage divider resistor is greater than 100KΩ.

8. The power supply circuit for the adaptive power supply according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The positive end of the first power connection slot is connected to the power supply interface of the electrical equipment, and the power supply interface is connected to the second control terminal of the switching control circuit.

9. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes the adaptive power supply as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The electrical equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrical device is an atomizer.

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