A biaxial compression rock fracture propagation test device and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of biaxial compression rock blasting crack propagation test device under, including bearing frame, operation workstation, hydraulic station, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, blasting protection cavity, hydraulic drive column and drive circuit, blasting groove is equipped in bearing frame, operation workstation bottom is connected with the bottom of blasting groove by hydraulic drive column, blasting protection cavity is connected with the upper end surface of operation workstation, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity is embedded in blasting protection cavity, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, blasting protection cavity are all communicated with hydraulic station, hydraulic station is embedded in bearing frame, drive circuit is embedded in the lateral surface of bearing frame.The use method includes three steps of system assembly, sample installation and loading preparation and blasting experiment.The present application is high in system integration, modular degree, and high in operation automation degree on the one hand;On the other hand, the needs of the rapid blasting operation of rock sample block of various structure types and materials can be effectively met, the whole picture of blasting crack propagation under biaxial compression of blasting flyrock and rock sample is avoided, and damage to equipment caused by impact force during blasting operation is prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of biaxial compression under rock blasting crack propagation testing device and method, belong to deep rock mass blasting test equipment technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing depth of mining and transportation, water and electricity, underground laboratory and other underground engineering facilities, when carrying out blasting excavation operation on rock mass, deep rock mass will be subjected to the superposition of high stress and explosive stress wave, and under the coupling effect of original rock stress field and explosive stress field, deep rock mass will produce microcrack, crack propagation and rock mass crushing, etc. Phenomenon, seriously affect the safety construction and long-term stability of deep underground engineering, therefore, before various deep rock mass blasting excavation, the need for laboratory similar test is carried out on the deep high stress rock mass under the action of blasting load to carry out in-depth research on the fracture mechanism.

[0003] In the experiment of deep high stress rock mass blasting characteristics, the current main is through special blasting test equipment, such as patent application number "201510907043.2" "static pressure rock impact funnel damage experiment device and method", patent application number "2018113778122" "rock blasting vibration testing device under active confining pressure and its application" and other equipment, although it can meet the needs of use to a certain extent, but the current such detection equipment on the one hand, the structure is relatively fixed, the operation is cumbersome, therefore, the current in the detection test, the adaptability of the sample block is poor, the operation and test efficiency is low and the labor intensity is large; On the other hand, the impact ability of the current test equipment is poor, and the equipment is easy to be damaged due to the excessive blasting force, and the sample block structure is damaged due to the destruction of the pressure condition environment during the test, so as to seriously affect the operation stability and test detection accuracy of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this problem, it is urgent to develop a new blasting test equipment and method to meet the needs of deep high stress rock mass under the action of explosive load. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the deficiency of prior art, the present application provides a kind of biaxial compression under rock blasting crack propagation testing device and method.

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of biaxial compression under rock blasting crack propagation testing device, including bearing frame, operation workstation, hydraulic station, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, blasting protection cavity, guide slide rail, hydraulic drive column, emergency pressure relief oil cylinder and drive circuit, bearing frame is the frame structure of axis and vertical distribution with ground level, blast groove is distributed coaxially in bearing frame, operation workstation is embedded in blast groove and is coaxially distributed with bearing frame, operation workstation bottom is connected with blast groove bottom by two with bearing frame axis symmetry distribution hydraulic drive column, operation workstation side surface and blast groove side wall are slidably connected by guide slide rail, blasting protection cavity is connected with operation workstation upper end surface and is coaxially distributed, and blasting protection cavity is the closed cavity structure of axial section being rectangle, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity is embedded in blasting protection cavity and is coaxially distributed with blasting protection cavity, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, blasting protection cavity are communicated with hydraulic station, hydraulic station and emergency pressure relief oil cylinder are embedded in bearing frame below blast groove, and hydraulic station is also communicated with each hydraulic drive column, drive circuit is embedded in the outside surface of bearing frame, and is electrically connected with hydraulic station, confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, blasting protection cavity, emergency pressure relief oil cylinder respectively.

[0007] Further, the blasting protection cavity includes hydraulic drive column, bearing groove body, sealing cover, lifting drive mechanism, rotary table mechanism, hoisting structure, positioning electromagnet, positioning clamp, the bearing groove body is the "N" shaped groove structure of axial section, at least two positioning electromagnets and at least four positioning clamps around its axis are arranged on the lower end surface and groove bottom of the bearing groove body, the outer surface of the bottom of the bearing groove body is connected with the upper end surface of the operation workstation by the positioning clamp and the positioning electromagnet, and the inner surface of the bottom of the bearing groove body is connected with the outer surface of the bottom of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity by the positioning clamp and the positioning electromagnet, the sealing cover is covered on the upper end surface of the bearing groove body and forms a closed cavity structure with the bearing groove body, the upper end surface of the sealing cover is connected with the top of the blast groove of the bearing frame by the hoisting structure, and the lower end surface is connected with the outer surface of the bearing groove body by two lifting drive mechanisms symmetrically distributed around the axis of the bearing groove body, and the two ends of the lifting drive mechanism are hinged with the bearing groove body and the sealing cover by the rotary table mechanism, the hydraulic drive column is at least five and embedded in the bearing groove body, at least four hydraulic drive columns are vertically connected with the side wall of the bearing groove body and are evenly distributed around the axis of the bearing groove body, and the axes of the hydraulic drive columns connected with the side wall of the bearing groove body intersect with the axis of the bearing groove body and are vertically distributed, the other hydraulic drive column is coaxially distributed with the bearing groove body and is vertically connected with the sealing cover, the front end surface of the hydraulic drive column is hinged with the outer surface of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity by a connecting hinge, the hydraulic drive columns are independently operated and communicated with the hydraulic station, and the lifting drive mechanism, the rotary table mechanism, the hoisting structure, the positioning electromagnet and the positioning clamp are also electrically connected with the drive circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the blasting protection chamber includes a bearing bottom plate, an adjusting side plate, an upper pressure plate, a main hydraulic bladder, an auxiliary hydraulic bladder, a pressure sensor, and a pressure regulating valve. The bearing bottom plate, the adjusting side plate, and the upper pressure plate are all rectangular plate structures, wherein the bearing bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the blasting protection chamber and coaxially distributed, the upper pressure plate is located above the bearing bottom plate and coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate, and there are four adjusting side plates in total, each of which is connected end to end in sequence and forms a bearing chamber with a rectangular frame structure coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate, and the bearing chamber is embedded in a position between the bearing bottom plate and the upper pressure plate, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting side plate are respectively vertically distributed and slidably connected with the upper pressure plate and the bearing bottom plate, the main hydraulic bladder is a hollow cylindrical cavity structure coaxially distributed with the bearing chamber, embedded in the bearing chamber, and the main hydraulic bladder is connected to the inner side surface of the adjusting side plate, and At least one pressure sensor is provided at the connection contact surface. The auxiliary hydraulic bladder is a closed annular structure coaxially distributed with the load-bearing cavity. There are two of them, which are respectively wrapped around the outside of the load-bearing cavity and coaxially distributed with the load-bearing cavity. The two auxiliary hydraulic bladders are symmetrically distributed above and below the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity, and a pressure sensor is provided at the contact surface between the outer surface of the adjusting side plate and the upper pressure plate and the front end surface of the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity. The main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder operate independently and are connected to the hydraulic station and the emergency pressure relief cylinder respectively through the guide pipe. A pressure sensor is provided at the connection position between the main hydraulic bladder, the auxiliary hydraulic bladder and the guide pipe. A pressure regulating valve is also provided on the guide pipe connecting the main hydraulic bladder, the auxiliary hydraulic bladder and the emergency pressure relief cylinder. The pressure sensor and the pressure regulating valve are electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the bearing bottom plate, adjustment side plate and upper pressure plate all include a bearing substrate, a hard lining plate and an elastic connecting strip, wherein the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are any one of a rectangular plate structure with a cross section and a prism structure with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section, the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are coaxially distributed and the hard lining plate is located directly in front of the bearing substrate, the front end face of the bearing substrate and the rear end face of the hard lining plate are both provided with a number of connecting grooves with a "T"-shaped cross section, and the connecting grooves of the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are distributed parallel to each other, the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are connected to each other through the connecting grooves and the elastic connecting strip, and the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are connected to each other through the connecting grooves and the elastic connecting strip, and the spacing between the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate is 0-50 mm, the cross section of the elastic connecting strip is an "I"-shaped groove structure, and the same connecting groove is connected to 1-3 elastic connecting strips at the same time.

[0010] Further, the bearing base plate, hard lining, the upper end face and the lower end face of the bearing base plate of the adjusting side plate are provided with at least one sealing strip, and the sealing strip is in abutting and sliding connection with the bearing base plate and the upper pressing plate, the front end face of the hard lining is provided with a positioning groove in the shape of "Fang" in cross section, and the rear half of the main hydraulic bag is embedded in the positioning groove, meanwhile, the left side face and the right side face of the bearing base plate and the hard lining are provided with a plurality of guide strips and a plurality of guide grooves, and the guide strips and the guide grooves are distributed at intervals, meanwhile, in the adjusting side plate, the guide strips of the side surfaces of two adjacent adjusting side plates are inserted into the guide grooves, and are in sliding connection with each other through the guide strips and the guide grooves, and the groove wall of the guide groove is provided with a sealing strip, and the sealing strip is in abutting and sliding connection with the side wall of the guide strip.

[0011] Further, the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder, an adjusting piston, a pressure regulating pump, an oil pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve and a control valve, the oil cylinder is a columnar cavity structure with a rectangular axial section, and the upper end face and the lower end face thereof are provided with a guide oil port coaxially distributed therewith, wherein the adjusting piston is embedded in the oil cylinder, and divides the oil cylinder into an adjusting cavity and a balance cavity from top to bottom, wherein the adjusting cavity is communicated with the flow guide pipe through the pressure regulating valve, and is communicated with the main hydraulic bag and the auxiliary hydraulic bag through the flow guide pipe, the balance cavity is communicated with the flow guide pipe through the control valve, and is communicated with the pressure regulating pump through the flow guide pipe, and the pressure regulating pump is further communicated with the hydraulic station, meanwhile, an oil pressure sensor is arranged at each guide oil port, and the pressure regulating pump, the oil pressure sensor, the pressure regulating valve and the control valve are electrically connected with the driving circuit.

[0012] Further, the bearing frame comprises a base, a column, a cross arm, a horizontal driving guide rail, a lifting driving column and a detection camera, wherein the base, the column and the cross arm are frame structures with a rectangular cross section, the cross arm is located above the base and is parallelly distributed with the upper end face of the base, the upper end face of the base is vertically connected with two columns, and the columns are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the center line of the base, at least one guide cavity parallelly distributed with the axis of the column is arranged in the column, and a lifting driving column coaxially distributed with the guide cavity is arranged in each guide cavity, and the upper end face of the lifting driving column is connected with the two ends of the cross arm, a horizontal driving guide rail parallelly distributed with the lower end face of the cross arm is arranged on the lower end face of the cross arm, the horizontal driving guide rail is hingedly connected with the lower end face of the cross arm through a rotating table mechanism, the axis of the horizontal driving guide rail and the axis of the cross arm form an angle of 0°-90°, the horizontal driving guide rail is connected with the hoisting structure of the blasting protection cavity, the detection camera is in sliding connection with the cross arm through the horizontal driving guide rail, and the axis of the detection camera is vertically distributed with the axis of the cross arm, and the horizontal driving guide rail, the lifting driving column, the detection camera and the rotating table mechanism are electrically connected with the driving circuit.

[0013] Further, the driving circuit is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP chip, an FPGA chip and a programmable controller, and the driving circuit is further provided with a serial communication mechanism.

[0014] A method for using a biaxial compression rock blasting crack propagation test device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1, system assembly, first, the bearing frame, operation workbench, hydraulic station, confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, blasting protection chamber, guide rail, hydraulic drive column, emergency pressure relief cylinder and drive circuit are assembled, and the volume and structure of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber are set according to the experiment requirement in the assembly process, then the working position of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber and the blasting protection chamber is adjusted through the hydraulic drive column, finally the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber is matched with the bearing frame, the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber and the blasting protection chamber are opened, and the volume of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber is adjusted to the maximum state for standby by the blasting protection chamber.

[0016] S2, sample installation and loading preparation, after completing S1 step, the rock sample for blasting is filled in the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, the adjusting side plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber is adjusted so that the adjusting side plate abuts against the side wall of the rock sample, the blasting lead wire of the rock sample is connected with the external blasting system, then the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber and the blasting protection chamber are sealed in turn, and the equipment preparation is completed.

[0017] S3, blasting experiment, after completing S2 step, first, the main hydraulic bag of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, the auxiliary hydraulic bag and the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection chamber are driven by the hydraulic station to perform pressurization operation, the adjusting side plate and the upper pressing plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber pressurize the rock sample in the chamber, and the pressure sensor detects that the pressure borne by the rock sample reaches the preset value, then the rock sample is driven by the external blasting system to perform blasting operation, after completing the operation, the sealing cover and the upper pressing plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber and the blasting protection chamber are opened in turn, the main hydraulic bag of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, the auxiliary hydraulic bag and the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection chamber keep the pressure of the rock sample unchanged, the detection camera of the bearing frame takes a photo of the surface of the rock sample after blasting, finally, the rock sample is depressurized, and the rock sample after depressurization is taken out for subsequent detection.

[0018] Compared with the traditional similar equipment, the system of the present application has high degree of system integration and modularization, high degree of operation automation, and good equipment operation versatility, and can flexibly adjust the equipment structure according to the needs of test and detection operation, thereby greatly improving the versatility and flexibility of equipment operation, effectively reducing the difficulty of equipment operation, and improving the work efficiency of operation; on the other hand, in operation, it can effectively meet the needs of rapid blasting operation of rock and other material sample blocks of various structure types and materials, and has good anti-damage and shock absorption capacity during blasting operation, preventing damage to the equipment caused by impact force during blasting operation, and effectively preventing the splashing and displacement of the fragments generated by the blasting of the sample material due to poor positioning stability, thereby affecting the efficiency and accuracy of subsequent detection operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments;

[0020] Figure 1 The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments;

[0021] Figure 2 The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments;

[0022] Figure 3 The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments;

[0023] Figure 4 The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments;

[0024] Figure 5 The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to implement, the present application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0026] As Figure 1As shown in 4, a biaxial compression rock blasting crack propagation test device includes a bearing frame 1, a workbench 2, a hydraulic station 3, a confining pressure blasting experiment chamber 4, a blasting protection chamber 5, a guide slide rail 6, a hydraulic drive column 7, an emergency pressure relief oil cylinder 8 and a drive circuit 9. The bearing frame 1 is a frame structure with the axis perpendicular to the ground plane. The bearing frame 1 is provided with a blasting groove 10 coaxially distributed therein. The workbench 2 is embedded in the blasting groove 10 and coaxially distributed with the bearing frame 1. The bottom of the workbench 2 is connected with the bottom of the blasting groove 10 through two hydraulic drive columns 7 symmetrically distributed with the axis of the bearing frame 1. The side surface of the workbench 2 is slidingly connected with the side wall of the blasting groove 10 through the guide slide rail 6. The blasting protection chamber 5 is connected with the upper end surface of the workbench 2 and coaxially distributed. The blasting protection chamber 5 is a closed cavity structure with a rectangular axial section. The confining pressure blasting experiment chamber 4 is embedded in the blasting protection chamber 5 and coaxially distributed with the blasting protection chamber 5. The confining pressure blasting experiment chamber 4 and the blasting protection chamber 5 are communicated with the hydraulic station 3. The hydraulic station 3 and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder 8 are embedded in the bearing frame 1 below the blasting groove 10. The hydraulic station 3 is communicated with each hydraulic drive column 7. The drive circuit 9 is embedded in the outer side surface of the bearing frame 1 and electrically connected with the hydraulic station 3, the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber 4, the blasting protection chamber 5 and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder 8, respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment, the blasting protection chamber 5 includes a hydraulic drive column 51, a bearing tank body 53, a sealing cover 54, a lifting drive mechanism 55, a turntable mechanism 57, a hoisting structure 58, a positioning electromagnet 59, and a positioning fixture 50. The bearing tank body 53 is a "凵"-shaped groove structure with an axial cross-section. Its lower end face and the bottom of the groove are provided with at least two positioning electromagnets 59 evenly distributed around its axis and at least four positioning fixtures 50 evenly distributed around its axis. The outer surface of the bottom of the bearing tank body 53 is connected to the upper end face of the working table 2 through the positioning fixture 50 and the positioning electromagnet 59, and the inner surface of the bottom is connected to the outer surface of the bottom of the confined pressure blasting test chamber 4 through the positioning fixture 50 and the positioning electromagnet 59. The sealing cover 54 is covered on the outer end face of the bearing tank body 53 and forms a closed cavity structure with the bearing tank body 53. The upper end face of the sealing cover 54 is connected to the top of the blasting tank 10 of the bearing frame 1 through the hoisting structure 58, and the lower end face is connected to the upper end face of the bearing tank body 53 through two The linearly symmetrically distributed lifting drive mechanism 55 is connected to the outer side surface of the load-bearing trough body 53, and the two ends of the lifting drive mechanism 55 are respectively hinged to the load-bearing trough body 53 and the sealing cover 54 through a turntable mechanism 57. There are at least five hydraulic drive columns 51 and they are all embedded in the load-bearing trough body 53, among which at least four hydraulic drive columns 51 are vertically connected to the side walls of the load-bearing trough body 53 and are evenly distributed around the axis of the load-bearing trough body 53, and the axes of the hydraulic drive columns 51 connected to the side walls of the load-bearing trough body 53 intersect with the axis of the load-bearing trough body 53 and are distributed vertically. Another hydraulic drive column 51 is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing trough body 53 and vertically connected to the sealing cover 54. The front end faces of the hydraulic drive columns 51 are respectively hinged to the outer surface of the confined pressure blasting test chamber 4 through connecting hinges. The hydraulic drive columns 51 operate independently and are respectively connected to the hydraulic station 3. The lifting drive mechanism 55, turntable mechanism 57, lifting structure 58, positioning electromagnet 59, and positioning fixture 50 are also electrically connected to the drive circuit 9.

[0028] Among them, the lifting drive mechanism used is any one of a hydraulic column, an electric telescopic column and a pneumatic telescopic column. The lifting drive mechanism can effectively realize the opening and closing operation of the sealing cover, and after the sealing cover is opened, the turntable mechanism can drive the lifting drive mechanism to rotate a certain angle, so that the sealing cover is temporarily transferred to one side of the bearing tank body, thereby meeting the operation of the confined pressure blasting test chamber.

[0029] At the same time, the hydraulic drive columns set up can realize flexible adjustment of the structure of the confined pressure blasting test chamber when the confined pressure blasting test chamber is in operation; on the other hand, the working pressure during the blasting operation can be adjusted to meet the needs of the blasting operation.

[0030] The blast protection cavity 4 includes a bearing bottom plate 41, an adjusting side plate 42, an upper pressing plate 43, a main hydraulic bag 44, an auxiliary hydraulic bag 45, a pressure sensor 46, and a pressure regulating valve 47. The bearing bottom plate 41, the adjusting side plate 42, and the upper pressing plate 43 are all rectangular plate structures. The bearing bottom plate 41 is connected to the bottom of the blast protection cavity 5 and is coaxially distributed. The upper pressing plate 43 is located above the bearing bottom plate 41 and is coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate 41. There are four adjusting side plates 42, which are sequentially connected end to end and form a rectangular frame-shaped bearing cavity 48 coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate 41. The bearing cavity 48 is embedded between the bearing bottom plate 41 and the upper pressing plate 43. The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting side plate 42 are vertically distributed and slidingly connected to the upper pressing plate 43 and the bearing bottom plate 41, respectively. The main hydraulic bag 44 is a hollow cylindrical cavity structure coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 48 and embedded in the bearing cavity 48. The main hydraulic bag 44 is connected to the inner side of the adjusting side plate 42, and at least one pressure sensor 46 is connected at the connection contact surface. The auxiliary hydraulic bag 45 is a closed ring structure coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 48. There are two auxiliary hydraulic bags 45, which are respectively wrapped outside the bearing cavity 48 and coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 48. The two auxiliary hydraulic bags 45 are symmetrically distributed above and below the hydraulic drive column 51 of the blast protection cavity 5. One pressure sensor 46 is arranged at the contact surface between the outer surface of the adjusting side plate 42, the upper pressing plate 43, and the front end surface of the hydraulic drive column 51 of the blast protection cavity 5. The main hydraulic bag 44 and the auxiliary hydraulic bag 45 operate independently and are respectively connected to the hydraulic station 3 and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder 8 through the flow guide pipe. One pressure sensor 46 is arranged at the connection position of the main hydraulic bag 44, the auxiliary hydraulic bag 45, and the flow guide pipe. Another pressure regulating valve 47 is arranged on the flow guide pipe connected between the main hydraulic bag 44, the auxiliary hydraulic bag 45, and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder 8. The pressure sensor 46 and the pressure regulating valve 47 are electrically connected to the drive circuit 9.

[0031] The supporting bottom plate 41, the adjusting side plate 42, and the upper pressure plate 43 all include a supporting base plate 401, a hard lining plate 402, and an elastic connecting strip 403. The supporting base plate 401 and the hard lining plate 402 are any one of a rectangular plate structure with a cross section and an isosceles trapezoidal prism structure with a cross section. The supporting base plate 401 and the hard lining plate 402 are coaxially distributed and the hard lining plate 402 is located directly in front of the supporting base plate 401. The front end surface of the supporting base plate 401 and the rear end surface of the hard lining plate 402 are both provided with a plurality of connecting grooves with a "T" shape in cross section. The connecting grooves 404 of the supporting substrate 401 and the hard lining plate 402 are distributed parallel to each other, and the supporting substrate 401 and the hard lining plate 102 are connected to each other through the connecting grooves 404 and the elastic connecting strips 403. At the same time, the supporting substrate and the hard lining plate are connected to each other through the connecting grooves 404 and the elastic connecting strips 403. The spacing between the supporting substrate 401 and the hard lining plate 402 is 0-50 mm. The cross-section of the elastic connecting strip 403 is an "I"-shaped groove structure, and the same connecting groove 404 is connected to 1-3 elastic connecting strips 403 at the same time.

[0032] At the same time, among the supporting substrate 401 and the hard lining plate 402, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the supporting substrate 401 of the adjusting side plate 42 are both provided with at least one sealing strip 405, and are slidably connected with the supporting bottom plate 41 and the upper pressure plate 43 through the sealing strip 405. The front end surface of the hard lining plate 402 is provided with a positioning groove 406 with a cross section in the shape of a "匚" character, and the rear half of the main hydraulic bag 44 is embedded in the positioning groove 406. At the same time, the supporting substrate 401 and the hard lining plate 402 of the adjusting side plate 42 are provided with A plurality of guide bars 4011 and a plurality of guide grooves 4012 are provided on both the left and right sides, and the guide bars 4011 and the guide grooves 4012 are spaced apart. At the same time, in the adjustment side plate 42, the guide bars 4011 on the side surfaces of two adjacent adjustment side plates 42 are inserted into the guide grooves 4012, and are slidably connected to each other through the guide bars 4011 and the guide grooves 4012, and a sealing strip 405 is provided on the groove wall of the guide groove 4012, and is slidably connected to the side wall of the guide bar 4011 through the sealing strip 405.

[0033] By setting up the main hydraulic bladder and auxiliary hydraulic bladder, driving pressure can be provided to assist in the load-bearing cavity formed by the adjusting side plates, so as to pressurize the sample block in the load-bearing cavity and meet the needs of blasting operations; at the same time, when the blasting pressure is greater than the set pressure value, on the one hand, the elastic deformation ability of the main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder can elastically absorb and dampen the impact force of the blasting operation, thereby reducing damage to the equipment; on the other hand, the conduction pressure of the pressure regulating valve is set to be consistent with the blasting pressure before blasting, and when the blasting pressure borne by the main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder is greater than the set blasting pressure, the high-pressure liquid in the main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder is temporarily discharged into the emergency pressure relief cylinder to prevent the main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder from bursting and damaging due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the blasting impact force is elastically absorbed and damped, while effectively maintaining the stability of the pressure on the sample block.

[0034] In this embodiment, the emergency pressure relief cylinder 8 includes a cylinder 81, an adjusting piston 82, a pressure regulating pump 83, an oil pressure sensor 88, a pressure regulating valve 47 and a control valve 84. The cylinder 81 is a cylindrical cavity structure with a rectangular axial cross-section. Its upper and lower end faces are each provided with an oil guide port 85 coaxially distributed therewith. The adjusting piston 82 is embedded in the cylinder 81 and divides the cylinder 81 from top to bottom into an adjusting chamber 86 and a balancing chamber 87. The adjusting chamber 86 is connected to the guide pipe through the pressure regulating valve 47 and is connected to the main hydraulic bag 44 and the auxiliary hydraulic bag 45 through the guide pipe. The balancing chamber 87 is connected to the guide pipe through the control valve 84 and is connected to the pressure regulating pump 83 through the guide pipe. The pressure regulating pump 83 is also connected to the hydraulic station 3. At the same time, an oil pressure sensor 88 is provided at each oil guide port 85. The pressure regulating pump 83, the oil pressure sensor 88, the pressure regulating valve 47 and the control valve 84 are all electrically connected to the drive circuit 9.

[0035] The bearing frame 1 includes a base 101, a column 102, a cross arm 103, a horizontal drive guide rail 104, a lifting drive column 105 and a detection camera 106. The base 101, the column 102 and the cross arm are all frame structures with a rectangular cross section. The cross arm 103 is located above the base 101 and is distributed in parallel with the upper end surface of the base 101. The upper end surface of the base 101 is connected perpendicularly to the two columns 102, and the columns 102 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the base 101. At least one guide cavity 107 is arranged in each column 102 in parallel with the axis of the column 102. A lifting drive column 105 is arranged in each guide cavity 107 in coaxial with the guide cavity 107. The upper end surface of the lifting drive column 105 is connected to the two ends of the cross arm 103. A horizontal drive guide rail 104 is arranged on the lower end surface of the cross arm 103 in parallel with the lower end surface of the cross arm 103. The horizontal drive guide rail 104 is hingedly connected to the lower end surface of the cross arm 103 through a rotary table mechanism 57. The axis of the horizontal drive guide rail 104 forms an angle of 0°-90° with the axis of the cross arm 103. The horizontal drive guide rail 104 is connected to the hoisting structure 58 of the blasting protection cavity 5. The detection camera 106 is slidably connected to the cross arm 103 through the horizontal drive guide rail 104. The axis of the detection camera 106 is distributed perpendicularly to the axis of the cross arm 103. The horizontal drive guide rail 104, the lifting drive column 105, the detection camera 106 and the rotary table mechanism 57 are electrically connected to the driving circuit 9.

[0036] The horizontal drive guide rail and the hinge connection between the horizontal drive guide rail and the cross arm through the rotary table mechanism can flexibly adjust the working position of the detection camera of the bearing frame and the hoisting mechanism of the blasting protection cavity, thereby improving the working range of the hoisting mechanism, effectively meeting the flexibility of adjusting the position of the sealing cover of the blasting protection cavity, the subsequent blasting protection cavity assembly and sample block assembly operation, improving the working efficiency while reducing the labor intensity. On the other hand, the working position of the detection camera can be flexibly adjusted, thereby meeting the need for detection of the state of the sample block.

[0037] The lifting drive column is any one of an electric drive telescopic column and a hydraulic drive telescopic column.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driving circuit 9 is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP chip, an FPGA chip and a programmable controller. The driving circuit further comprises a serial communication mechanism.

[0039] To further optimize the convenience of wiring during blasting operation, wiring holes are arranged in the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the blasting protection cavity to meet the need for positioning the wires of the blasting mechanism in the sample block.

[0040] As shown in FIG. Figure 5 A use method of a biaxial compression rock blasting crack propagation test device, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1, system assembly, firstly, the bearing frame, the operation workbench, the hydraulic station, the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, the blasting protection cavity, the guide slide rail, the hydraulic drive column, the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder and the drive circuit are assembled, and during the assembly process, the volume and structure of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity are set according to the experimental needs, then the working position of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the blasting protection cavity is adjusted through the hydraulic drive column, finally, the bearing frame and the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity are matched, at the same time, the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the blasting protection cavity are opened, and the volume of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity is adjusted to the maximum state for standby by the blasting protection cavity;

[0042] S2, sample installation and loading preparation, after completing S1 step, the rock sample for blasting is filled in the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity, and the adjusting side plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity is adjusted so that the adjusting side plate abuts against the side wall of the rock sample, and then the blasting lead wire of the rock sample is connected with the external blasting system, then the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the blasting protection cavity are sealed in turn, and the equipment preparation is completed;

[0043] S3, blasting experiment, after completing S2 step, firstly, the main hydraulic bag and the auxiliary hydraulic bag of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity are driven by the hydraulic station to perform pressurization operation, so that the adjusting side plate and the upper pressing plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity pressurize the rock sample in the cavity, and then the pressure of the rock sample is detected by the pressure sensor to reach the preset value, and then the rock sample is driven by the external blasting system to perform blasting operation, after the operation is completed, the sealing cover and the upper pressing plate of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the blasting protection cavity are opened in turn, and the main hydraulic bag and the auxiliary hydraulic bag of the confining pressure blasting experiment cavity and the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity keep the pressure of the rock sample unchanged, the surface condition of the rock sample after blasting is detected by the detection camera of the bearing frame, and finally, the rock sample is depressurized and taken out for subsequent detection.

[0044] Compared with the traditional similar equipment, the system has high integration and modularization degree, high automation degree, good equipment operation universality, and can flexibly adjust the equipment structure according to the needs of test and detection operation, thereby greatly improving the universality and flexibility of equipment operation, effectively reducing the difficulty of equipment operation, and improving the work efficiency of operation; on the other hand, in the operation, the needs of rapid blasting operation of rock sample blocks of various structure types and materials can be effectively met, and in the blasting operation process, the equipment has good anti-damage and shock absorption capacity, which can prevent the impact force from causing damage to the equipment during blasting operation, and can effectively prevent the fragments generated by blasting of the sample material from splashing and displacing due to poor positioning stability, thereby affecting the efficiency and accuracy of subsequent detection operation.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for testing crack growth in rock explosions under biaxial compression, characterized by: The described rock burst crack expansion test device under biaxial compression includes a bearing frame, an operation workbench, a hydraulic station, a confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, a blasting protection chamber, a guiding slide rail, a hydraulic driving column, an emergency pressure relief oil cylinder and a driving circuit. The bearing frame is a frame structure with an axis perpendicular to the ground plane. A blasting groove coaxial with it is arranged inside the bearing frame. The operation workbench is embedded in the blasting groove and coaxial with the bearing frame. The bottom of the operation workbench is connected to the bottom of the blasting groove through two hydraulic driving columns symmetrically distributed about the axis of the bearing frame. The side surface of the operation workbench is slidably connected to the side wall of the blasting groove through the guiding slide rail. The blasting protection chamber is connected to the upper end surface of the operation workbench and coaxial with it. The blasting protection chamber is a closed cavity structure with a rectangular axial cross-section. The confining pressure blasting experiment chamber is embedded in the blasting protection chamber and coaxial with the blasting protection chamber. Both the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber and the blasting protection chamber are connected to the hydraulic station. The hydraulic station and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder are both embedded in the bearing frame below the blasting groove. The hydraulic station is additionally connected to each hydraulic driving column. The driving circuit is embedded on the outer surface of the bearing frame and is electrically connected to the hydraulic station, the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber, the blasting protection chamber and the emergency pressure relief oil cylinder respectively; The described blasting protection chamber includes a hydraulic driving column, a bearing groove body, a sealing cover, a lifting driving mechanism, a turntable mechanism, a hoisting structure, a positioning electromagnet and a positioning clamp. The bearing groove body is a groove-shaped structure with a "凵"-shaped axial cross-section. At least two positioning electromagnets and at least four positioning clamps evenly distributed around its axis are arranged on its lower end surface and the bottom of the groove. The outer surface of the bottom of the bearing groove body is connected to the upper end surface of the operation workbench through the positioning clamp and the positioning electromagnet. The inner surface of the bottom is connected to the outer surface of the bottom of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber through the positioning clamp and the positioning electromagnet. The sealing cover covers the outer surface of the upper end surface of the bearing groove body and forms a closed cavity structure with the bearing groove body. The upper end surface of the sealing cover is connected to the top of the blasting groove of the bearing frame through the hoisting structure. The lower end surface is connected to the outer side surface of the bearing groove body through two lifting driving mechanisms symmetrically distributed about the axis of the bearing groove body. Both ends of the lifting driving mechanism are hinged to the bearing groove body and the sealing cover through the turntable mechanism respectively. There are at least five hydraulic driving columns, all of which are embedded in the bearing groove body. At least four hydraulic driving columns are vertically connected to the side wall of the bearing groove body, evenly distributed around the axis of the bearing groove body, and the axes of the hydraulic driving columns connected to the side wall of the bearing groove body intersect and are vertically distributed with the axis of the bearing groove body. Another hydraulic driving column is coaxial with the bearing groove body and vertically connected to the sealing cover. The front end surfaces of the hydraulic driving columns are respectively hinged to the outer surface of the confining pressure blasting experiment chamber through connecting hinges. The hydraulic driving columns operate independently and are respectively connected to the hydraulic station. The lifting driving mechanism, the turntable mechanism, the hoisting structure, the positioning electromagnet and the positioning clamp are additionally all electrically connected to the driving circuit; The driving circuit is a circuit system based on any one of DSP chips, FPGA chips and programmable controllers, and the driving circuit additionally has a serial communication mechanism.

2. The rock blasting crack growth test device under biaxial compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blasting protection chamber includes a bearing bottom plate, an adjusting side plate, an upper pressure plate, a main hydraulic bladder, an auxiliary hydraulic bladder, a pressure sensor, and a pressure regulating valve. The bearing bottom plate, the adjusting side plate, and the upper pressure plate are all rectangular plate structures, wherein the bearing bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the blasting protection chamber and coaxially distributed. The upper pressure plate is located above the bearing bottom plate and coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate. There are four adjusting side plates in total, and each adjusting side plate is connected end to end in sequence to form a bearing chamber with a rectangular frame structure coaxially distributed with the bearing bottom plate, and the bearing chamber is embedded in the position between the bearing bottom plate and the upper pressure plate, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the adjusting side plate are respectively vertically distributed and slidably connected with the upper pressure plate and the bearing bottom plate. The main hydraulic bladder is a hollow cylindrical cavity structure coaxially distributed with the bearing chamber, embedded in the bearing chamber, and the main hydraulic bladder is connected to the inner side surface of the adjusting side plate, and is connected At least one pressure sensor is provided at the contact surface. The auxiliary hydraulic bladder is a closed annular structure coaxially distributed with the load-bearing cavity. There are two of them, which are respectively wrapped around the outside of the load-bearing cavity and coaxially distributed with the load-bearing cavity. The two auxiliary hydraulic bladders are symmetrically distributed above and below the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity, and a pressure sensor is provided at the contact surface between the outer surface of the adjusting side plate and the upper pressure plate and the front end surface of the hydraulic drive column of the blasting protection cavity. The main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder operate independently and are connected to the hydraulic station and the emergency pressure relief cylinder respectively through the guide pipe. A pressure sensor is provided at the connection position between the main hydraulic bladder, the auxiliary hydraulic bladder and the guide pipe. A pressure regulating valve is also provided on the guide pipe connecting the main hydraulic bladder, the auxiliary hydraulic bladder and the emergency pressure relief cylinder. The pressure sensor and the pressure regulating valve are electrically connected to the drive circuit.

3. The rock blasting crack growth test device under biaxial compression according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing bottom plate, adjustment side plate and upper pressure plate all include a bearing substrate, a hard lining plate and an elastic connecting strip, wherein the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are any one of a rectangular plate structure with a cross section and a prism structure with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section, the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are coaxially distributed and the hard lining plate is located directly in front of the bearing substrate, the front end face of the bearing substrate and the rear end face of the hard lining plate are both provided with a number of connecting grooves with a "T"-shaped cross section, and the connecting grooves of the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are distributed parallel to each other, the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are connected to each other through the connecting grooves and the elastic connecting strip, and the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate are connected to each other through the connecting grooves and the elastic connecting strip, and the spacing between the bearing substrate and the hard lining plate is 0-50 mm, the cross section of the elastic connecting strip is an "I"-shaped groove structure, and the same connecting groove is simultaneously connected to 1-3 elastic connecting strips.

4. The rock blasting crack growth test device under biaxial compression according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the bearing substrate and the hard liner, at least one sealing strip is provided on both the upper and lower end faces of the bearing substrate of the adjusting side plate, and the bearing substrate and the upper pressing plate are抵靠 and slidably connected through the sealing strip. A positioning groove with a "匚"-shaped cross section is provided on the front end face of the hard liner, and the rear half of the main hydraulic bladder is embedded in the positioning groove. At the same time, a plurality of guiding strips and a plurality of guiding grooves are provided on the left and right side faces of the bearing substrate of the adjusting side plate and the hard liner, and the guiding strips and the guiding grooves are distributed at intervals. At the same time, in the adjusting side plate, the guiding strips on the side surfaces of two adjacent adjusting side plates are inserted into the guiding grooves, and the guiding strips and the guiding grooves are slidably connected to each other. A sealing strip is provided on the wall of the guiding groove, and the sealing strip抵靠 and slidably connected to the side wall of the guiding strip.

5. The rock blasting crack growth test device under biaxial compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency pressure relief oil cylinder includes an oil cylinder, an adjusting piston, a pressure regulating pump, an oil pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve, and a control valve. The oil cylinder is a columnar cavity structure with a rectangular axial cross section, and an oil guiding port coaxial with it is provided on both its upper and lower end faces. The adjusting piston is embedded in the oil cylinder and divides the oil cylinder into an adjusting cavity and a balance cavity from top to bottom. The adjusting cavity is connected to the guide pipe through the pressure regulating valve and is connected to the main hydraulic bladder and the auxiliary hydraulic bladder through the guide pipe. The balance cavity is connected to the guide pipe through the control valve and is connected to the pressure regulating pump through the guide pipe. The pressure regulating pump is also connected to the hydraulic station. At the same time, an oil pressure sensor is provided at each oil guiding port. The pressure regulating pump, the oil pressure sensor, the pressure regulating valve, and the control valve are all electrically connected to the drive circuit.

6. The rock blasting crack growth test device under biaxial compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing frame includes a base, columns, crossbeams, a horizontal drive guide rail, a lifting drive column, and a detection camera. The base, columns, and crossbeams are all frame structures with a rectangular cross section. The crossbeam is located above the base and is parallel to the upper end face of the base. The upper end face of the base is vertically connected to two columns, and the columns are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the base. At least one guiding cavity parallel to its axis is provided in the column, and a lifting drive column coaxial with it is provided in each guiding cavity. The upper end face of the lifting drive column is connected to both ends of the crossbeam. A horizontal drive guide rail parallel to the lower end face of the crossbeam is provided on the lower end face of the crossbeam. The horizontal drive guide rail is hinged to the lower end face of the crossbeam through a turntable mechanism, and the axis of the horizontal drive guide rail forms an angle of 0° - 90° with the axis of the crossbeam. The horizontal drive guide rail is connected to the lifting structure of the blasting protection cavity. The detection camera is slidably connected to the crossbeam through the horizontal drive guide rail, and the axis of the detection camera is perpendicular to the axis of the crossbeam. The horizontal drive guide rail, the lifting drive column, the detection camera, and the turntable mechanism are all electrically connected to the drive circuit.

7. A method for using a rock blast crack growth test device under biaxial compression, characterized in that: The usage method of the double-axis compression rock blasting crack expansion test device includes the following steps: S1, system assembly, first assemble the bearing frame, workbench, hydraulic station, confined pressure blasting test chamber, blasting protection chamber, guide rail, hydraulic drive column, emergency pressure relief cylinder and drive circuit, and set the volume and structure of the confined pressure blasting test chamber according to the experimental needs during the assembly process, then adjust the working position of the confined pressure blasting test chamber and blasting protection chamber through the hydraulic drive column, and finally, through the coordination of the bearing frame and confined pressure blasting test chamber, open the confined pressure blasting test chamber and blasting protection chamber at the same time, and adjust the volume of the confined pressure blasting test chamber to the maximum state for standby use by the blasting protection chamber; S2, sample installation and loading preparation. After completing step S1, the rock sample for blasting is loaded into the confined pressure blasting test chamber, and the adjustment side plate of the confined pressure blasting test chamber is adjusted so that the adjustment side plate and the side wall of the rock sample are abutted. The blasting lead of the rock sample is connected to the external blasting system. The confined pressure blasting test chamber and the blasting protection chamber are then sealed in sequence to complete the equipment prefabrication. S3, blasting experiment. After completing step S2, the hydraulic station first drives the main hydraulic bladder, auxiliary hydraulic bladder and hydraulic drive column of the confined pressure blasting test chamber to perform pressurization operation, so that the adjusting side plate and upper pressure plate of the confined pressure blasting test chamber pressurize the rock sample inside it, and the pressure sensor detects that the rock sample is under pressure and maintains the pressure after reaching the preset value. Then, the external blasting system drives the rock sample to perform blasting operation. After completing the operation, the sealing cover and upper pressure plate of the confined pressure blasting test chamber and the blasting protection chamber are opened in turn, and the main hydraulic bladder, auxiliary hydraulic bladder and hydraulic drive column of the confined pressure blasting test chamber maintain the pressure state of the rock sample unchanged. The detection camera of the supporting frame takes pictures and detects the surface condition of the rock sample after blasting. Finally, the rock sample is depressurized and the depressurized rock sample is taken out for subsequent detection.

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