Automatic Centering Device for the Main Shaft of a Centrifugal Extractor

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic centering device for the main shaft of a centrifugal extractor, which is surrounded outside the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor and includes a bearing and a bearing seat provided outside the main shaft. A spherical bushing is sleeved outside the bearing seat, and the outer surface of the spherical bushing is a spherical convex surface. The spherical bushing is located in the spherical concave surface in the sphere seat. The connecting bodies of the spherical bushing with the bearing seat and the main shaft can rotate freely in the sphere seat. The inner hole of the damping plate is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the bearing seat, and a damping block is fixedly installed on one side facing the bottom plate of the mounting seat. The damping block contacts the bottom plate of the mounting seat. The damping block has elasticity. When the damping block tilts in any direction along with the main shaft, the upper surface of the damping block can contact the bottom surface of the mounting seat and is pushed back to the original position by the reaction force. The automatic centering device enables the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor to automatically maintain a vertical position without tilting, greatly weakens the vibration generated by the deflection of the main shaft, and avoids problems such as poor separation effect, fatigue damage, and huge noise caused by vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid-liquid extraction equipment, and in particular relates to an automatic main shaft deviation correction device for a centrifugal extractor. Background Art

[0002] The equipment that uses centrifugal force to achieve liquid-liquid extraction is called a centrifugal extractor. The extraction process of the centrifugal extractor includes two processes: liquid mixing and mass transfer process and two-phase separation process. The centrifugal extractor has a large centrifugal force, so it is suitable for processing materials with a small density difference between the two phases, high viscosity, and easy emulsification. It also has the advantages of high mass transfer efficiency, small retention volume, and small equipment size. Centrifugal extractors have been widely used in petroleum refining, chemical, pharmaceutical, food, military and other industries.

[0003] Figure 1 The figure shows a cylindrical centrifugal extractor, which includes, from top to bottom, a motor, a transmission device 1, a rotor mechanism 2 (including a drum, light phase and heavy phase separation channels and outlets), a mixing chamber 3 (including light phase and heavy phase inlets), and a mounting platform frame 4. When the centrifugal extractor is working, the light phase and heavy phase liquids enter the mixing chamber from the lower inlet, are fully mixed and mass transferred, and then enter the drum upwards. The motor drives the rotating mechanism to rotate at high speed through the transmission device. The mixed liquid is separated under the centrifugal force of the drum and the radial blades in the drum. The heavy phase liquid gradually moves away from the center of the drum and approaches the inner wall of the drum during the upward flow process, and the light phase liquid gradually approaches the center of the drum. The two phases of liquid are finally discharged from their respective outlets.

[0004] In the prior art centrifugal extractor, the motor output shaft is connected to the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor through a flexible coupling. The main shaft of the centrifugal extractor is provided with external bearings and bearing seats (fixed on the frame) to support the main shaft. The flexible coupling, bearings and bearing seats are collectively referred to as a transmission device. A drum is provided below the transmission device. The upper end of the drum is connected to the main shaft (or the drum and the main shaft are integrated). The lower end of the drum is not provided with support or only with axial support, without radial support. The main shaft passes through the lower end of the drum and extends to the mixing chamber below.

[0005] From the structure of the centrifugal extractor, it can be seen that the drum is top-hung and the main shaft is long in the vertical direction. The main shaft and cavity-shaped drum and other rotating parts are prone to processing and assembly errors. During the operation of the centrifugal extractor, materials enter the drum to cause impact, or solid matter adheres to the inner wall of the drum to cause dynamic imbalance, which will cause the main shaft to tilt (the verticality error between the main shaft and the ground is large). The tilt of the main shaft will cause: First, the centrifugal extractor vibrates violently, which will affect the separation effect, cause fatigue damage, and emit huge noise. Second, the tilted main shaft generates a large radial force on the bearing of the transmission device. The bearing will be subjected to huge radial pressure for a long time, which will quickly heat up and even fail. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the disadvantages or deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic centering device for the main shaft of a centrifugal extractor, which has an automatic centering function and can automatically adjust the main shaft of the drum from an inclined position to a vertical position in real time.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention has the following constitution:

[0008] The automatic centering device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor is surrounded outside the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor, located above the drum, and fixed on the frame of the centrifugal extractor; the automatic centering device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor includes a bearing seat, and the radial bearing provided outside the main shaft is installed in the bearing seat. An upper end cover and a lower end cover are respectively installed on the upper and lower end faces of the bearing seat; the automatic centering device also includes a spherical bushing, a sphere seat, a mounting seat, a damping plate and a damping block. The outer surface of the spherical bushing is a spherical convex surface. The inner hole of the spherical bushing is sleeved outside the bearing seat, and the two are connected by an interference fit. The spherical bushing is located in the spherical concave surface in the middle of the sphere seat. The connecting body of the spherical bushing, the bearing seat and the main shaft can rotate freely in the sphere seat. The bearing seat, the spherical bushing and the sphere seat are all arranged in the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is fixed on the frame. A through hole is opened in the middle of the mounting seat for the main shaft to pass through; the damping plate is of a large flange structure, and the inner hole of the damping plate is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the bearing seat. A damping block is fixedly installed on one side of the flange facing the bottom plate of the mounting seat. The upper surface of the damping block is higher than the upper surface of the damping plate and contacts the bottom plate of the mounting seat. The damping block has elasticity. When the damping block tilts in any direction along with the main shaft, the upper surface of the damping block can contact the bottom surface of the mounting seat and be pushed back to the original position by the reaction force.

[0009] Furthermore, a clearance fit with equal diameters is provided between the spherical convex surface of the spherical bushing and the spherical concave surface of the sphere seat.

[0010] Furthermore, an annular groove is opened on the plane of the large flange of the damping plate facing the bottom plate of the mounting seat, and an annular damping block is fixed in the annular groove. The height of the damping block is greater than the depth of the annular groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the threaded hole inside the damping plate is screwed onto the external thread at the lower end of the bearing seat. A section of smooth shaft and smooth hole are left at the corresponding positions of the lower end of the bearing seat and the inner hole of the damping plate. A threaded through hole is transversely opened through the center of the hole section of the damping plate. The set screw is screwed in from the outside, and the end abuts against the bearing seat.

[0012] Furthermore, a thrust bearing is installed between the shaft shoulder of the main shaft and the lower end cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are sleeved on the main shaft. A skeleton oil seal is provided between the inner holes of the upper end cover and the lower end cover and the main shaft. O-ring seals are respectively provided on the contact surfaces of the upper end cover and the lower end cover with the bearing seat.

[0014] Further, the mounting base is cylindrical, formed by connecting a cylinder body and a bottom plate. The cylinder body is a cylindrical cavity, and the bottom plate is disc-shaped with a circular groove opened on the upper part for carrying and mounting the spherical seat. A through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom plate to accommodate the main shaft, bearing seat, and spherical bushing assembly to pass through. The upper end of the cylinder body is connected to the upper frame.

[0015] Further, an L-shaped support block is arranged between the outer ring of the radial bearing and the lower cover plate to support the radial bearing below.

[0016] Further, a bearing cooling system is arranged in the automatic deviation rectifying device. Cooling oil inlet holes and cooling oil outlet holes are respectively opened on the upper end cover and the lower end cover of the bearing seat. Lubricating oil enters from the upper end cover, passes through each bearing, then flows to the lower end cover through the oil holes inside the support block. The oil holes inside the support block are multiple axial through holes evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner hole of the support block and radial through holes connected to them on the bottom.

[0017] Further, the damping block is made of polyurethane.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The present invention replaces the traditional transmission device with an automatic deviation rectifying device, changes the rigid connection mode between the main shaft and the frame in the traditional transmission device, sets a spherical matching mode of a spherical bushing and a spherical seat between the main shaft (bearing seat) and the mounting base to achieve a flexible connection. Additionally, when the main shaft drives the damping block to tilt together, the reaction force of the mounting base on the damping block causes the damping block to drive the main shaft to return to the vertical position, realizing that during the high-speed rotation of the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor, as long as the main shaft is deflected, the automatic deviation rectifying device will automatically adjust it back to the vertical state in real time. The automatic deviation rectifying device enables the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor to automatically maintain a vertical position without tilting, greatly weakening the vibration generated by the deflection of the main shaft, also avoiding problems such as poor separation effect, fatigue damage, and huge noise caused by vibration, and eliminating the radial force generated by the tilted main shaft on the bearing, thus prolonging the service life of the bearing. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 : Structure diagram of a prior art centrifugal extractor;

[0021] Figure 2 : Front view of the centrifugal extractor where the automatic deviation rectifying device of the present invention is located;

[0022] Figure 3 : Partial cross-sectional view of the bearing seat of the main shaft automatic deviation rectifying device of the centrifugal extractor of the invention;

[0023] Figure 4 : Cross-sectional view of the main shaft automatic deviation rectifying device of the centrifugal extractor of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 : Structural diagram of the support block of the spindle automatic alignment device of the centrifugal extractor of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0026] The motor output shaft of the centrifugal extractor is connected to the spindle 105 (integrated with the drum spindle or fixedly connected to the drum spindle) of the centrifugal extractor through a flexible coupling. Figure 2 It can be seen that the automatic alignment device 100 of the present invention surrounds the outside of the spindle 105, is located above the drum 210, and is fixed on the frame 700 of the centrifugal extractor.

[0027] Refer to Figure 3 , the automatic alignment device 100 includes a bearing seat 110, and the radial bearing 112 provided outside the spindle 105 is installed in the bearing seat 110. Preferably, there are two radial bearings 112, one on the upper and lower sides respectively. There is a sleeve 113 between the two radial bearings 112, and the two bearings are axially positioned by the shoulder of the spindle 105, the sleeve 113 and the round nut.

[0028] Still referring to Figure 3 , an upper end cover 120 and a lower end cover 130 are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower end faces of the bearing seat 110, and the inner holes of the upper end cover 120 and the lower end cover 130 are sleeved on the spindle 105. And a skeleton oil seal is provided between the inner hole of the end cover and the drum spindle 105, and O-ring seals are respectively provided on the end faces of the upper end cover 120 and the lower end cover 130 in contact with the bearing seat 110.

[0029] A thrust bearing 111 is installed on the shaft section between the lower end cover 130 and the shoulder of the spindle 105 to bear the huge axial load and reduce friction. The thrust bearing 111 is preferably a thrust roller bearing.

[0030] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 , an L-shaped support block 140 is provided between the lower end cover 130 and the outer ring of the lower thrust bearing 111 to support the lower radial bearing 112. The support block 140 is a circular end cover structure, and an oil hole is provided inside. The oil hole is a plurality of axial through holes uniformly distributed on the circumference of the inner hole of the support block 140 and radial through holes connected to them at the bottom.

[0031] A cooling system 114 is provided inside the automatic deviation rectifying device 100. Cooling oil inlet holes and cooling oil outlet holes are respectively opened on the upper end cover 120 and the lower end cover 130 of the bearing seat 110. The lubricating oil enters from the upper end cover 120, passes through the upper and lower centripetal bearings 112 and the thrust bearing 111, then flows through the internal oil holes of the support block 140 to the lower end cover 130, and flows out through the oil outlet holes on the lower end cover 130. The lubricating oil plays a role in lubricating and cooling the bearings of the automatic deviation rectifying device 100, and is crucial for the normal operation of the high-speed rotating main shaft 105.

[0032] The cooling system 114 preferably adopts a forced cooling method with an external oil pump.

[0033] The main shaft automatic deviation rectifying device 100 of the centrifugal extractor of the present invention further includes a spherical bushing 150, a sphere seat 160, a mounting seat 170, a damping plate 180 and a damping block 190. For details, see Figure 4 。

[0034] Figure 4 In [reference], the outer surface of the spherical bushing 150 is a spherical convex surface, and the upper and lower surfaces are flat. The circular inner hole of the spherical bushing 150 is sleeved outside the bearing seat 110, and the two are connected by an interference fit.

[0035] The spherical bushing 150 is located in the spherical concave surface in the middle of the sphere seat 160. There is a clearance fit with equal diameters between the spherical convex surface of the spherical bushing 150 and the spherical concave surface of the sphere seat 160, and the spherical bushing 150 can rotate freely in the sphere seat 160. Therefore, when the main shaft 105 is tilted, it will drive the bearing seat 110 and then drive the spherical bushing 150 to rotate in the sphere seat 160.

[0036] The sphere seat 160 is preferably divided into upper and lower parts. After the spherical bushing 150 is installed in the lower part, the upper and lower parts are connected by fasteners.

[0037] All the above parts are arranged in the mounting seat 170. The mounting seat 170 is fixed on the frame 700 to support the automatic deviation rectifying device 100 of the present invention.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, as an embodiment, the mounting seat 170 is a cylindrical shape with a certain height, which is formed by connecting a cylinder body and a bottom plate. The cylinder body is a cylindrical cavity, and the bottom plate is a disc shape. A circular groove is opened on the upper part for carrying and installing the sphere seat 160. A through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom plate to accommodate the combination of the main shaft 105, the bearing seat 110 and the spherical bushing 150 to pass through. The upper end of the cylinder body is connected to the upper frame 700. The connection between the cylinder body and the bottom plate and the connection between the cylinder body and the frame 700 are both preferably welding methods. The connection between the sphere seat 160 and the bottom plate of the mounting seat 170 is preferably by fasteners.

[0039] To strengthen the connection strength between the mounting base 170 and the frame 700, a plurality of rib plates are arranged to connect the outer wall of the cylinder body and the frame 700.

[0040] As Figure 4 shown, the damping plate 180 is of a large flange structure. The inner hole of the damping plate 180 is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the bearing seat 110. An annular groove is formed on the plane of the flange facing the bottom plate of the mounting base 170, and an annular damping block 190 is fixed in the annular groove. The height of the damping block 190 is greater than the depth of the annular groove, so the upper surface of the damping block 190 protrudes above the upper surface of the damping plate 180 and contacts the bottom plate of the mounting base 170. The damping block 190 has a certain elasticity. If the main shaft 105 tilts to cause the damping block 190 to tilt to one side and squeeze the bottom surface of the mounting base 170, the resilience between the damping block 190 and the mounting base 170 will push the damping block 190 back to its original position (the middle horizontal position).

[0041] Optionally, rib plates are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the cylindrical part of the damping plate 180 and connected below the flange to enhance the strength of the damping plate 180.

[0042] As an embodiment of the fixation of the damping plate 180 to the bearing seat 110, the threaded hole inside the damping plate 180 is screwed onto the external thread at the lower end of the bearing seat 110. A section of smooth shaft and smooth hole are left at the corresponding positions of the lower end of the bearing seat 110 and the inner hole of the damping plate 180. A threaded through hole is transversely drilled through the center of the hole in the smooth hole section of the damping plate 180, and the set screw is screwed in from the outside, and the end abuts against the bearing seat 110 to make the connection between the damping plate 180 and the bearing seat 110 more reliable.

[0043] During the operation of the centrifugal extractor, it is the most ideal state that the main shaft 105 of the centrifugal extractor is vertically downward (without tilting). However, in fact, when the material enters the drum 210, it will cause impact, or the distribution in the drum 210 is uneven, or solid substances may adhere to the inner wall of the drum 210, causing dynamic imbalance, all of which will cause the main shaft 105 to tilt in any direction to face Figure 2, taking the spindle 105 tilting to the right as an example, according to the above structural description, the upper part of the spindle 105 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 110, the spherical bushing 150, the damping plate 180 and the damping block 190 as a whole. When the spindle 105 tilts to the right, it will drive the above parts to tilt together. Especially the damping plate 180 and the damping block 190 below the bearing seat 110. At this time, because the spherical bushing 150 has rotational freedom in the sphere seat 160, the spherical bushing 150 rotates counterclockwise in the sphere seat 160. The spindle 105 drives the damping block 190 to deflect to its right and squeeze against the bottom surface of the mounting seat 170. The reaction force of the mounting seat 170 pushes the damping block 190 back to its original position. The damping block 190 drives the bearing seat 110 and the spherical bushing 150 to rotate clockwise in the sphere seat 160 through the damping plate 180, thereby driving the spindle 105 to also return from the tilted position to the original position. Thus, the spindle 105 completes an automatic alignment process. If the spindle 105 tilts in other directions, the automatic alignment device 100 will automatically adjust it back to the original position according to the above principle.

[0044] The elasticity of the material of the damping block 190 determines the limit position allowing the spindle 105 to tilt instantaneously. Therefore, the elasticity of the damping block 190 needs to be moderate. In this embodiment, it is preferably that the material of the damping block 190 is polyurethane, and the elasticity of polyurethane just meets the requirements of the automatic alignment device 100 of the present invention.

[0045] As other embodiments, the damping block 190 can also be in the shape of a square box, or a circle or a square plate, and is fixed on the damping plate 180. The solutions where the upper surface of the damping block 190 can contact the bottom surface of the mounting seat 170 and be pushed back to the original position by the reaction force when the damping block 190 tilts in any direction along with the spindle 105 all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] The present invention replaces the traditional transmission device with the automatic alignment device 100, changes the rigid connection mode between the spindle 105 of the centrifugal extractor and the frame 700 in the traditional transmission device, and sets a spherical matching mode of the spherical bushing 150 and the sphere seat 160 between the spindle 105 (bearing seat 110) and the mounting seat 170 to achieve a flexible connection. Coupled with the action that when the spindle 105 drives the damping block 190 to tilt together, the reaction force of the mounting seat 170 on the damping block 190 makes the damping block 190 drive the spindle 105 to return to the vertical position, it realizes that during the high-speed rotation of the spindle 105 of the centrifugal extractor, as long as the spindle 105 deflects, the automatic alignment device 100 will automatically adjust it back to the vertical state in real time. The automatic alignment device 100 enables the spindle 105 to automatically maintain the vertical position without tilting, greatly weakens the vibration generated by the deflection of the spindle 105, also avoids problems such as poor separation effect, fatigue damage, and huge noise caused by vibration, and also eliminates the radial force generated by the tilted spindle 105 on the bearing, prolonging the service life of the bearing.

[0047] In summary, the automatic deviation correction device 100 of the centrifugal extractor of the present invention can self-adjust at any time, correct the deviation in a timely manner, reduce vibration, and improve the separation effect and safety reliability of the centrifugal extractor.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic deviation rectification device for the main shaft of a centrifugal extractor, characterized in that, The automatic deviation rectifying device is wrapped around the outside of the main shaft (105) of the centrifugal extractor, located above the drum (210), and fixed on the frame (700) of the centrifugal extractor; the automatic deviation rectifying device of the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor includes a bearing housing (110), and the centripetal bearing (112) provided outside the main shaft (105) is installed in the bearing housing (110), and an upper end cover (120) and a lower end cover (130) are respectively installed on the upper and lower end faces of the bearing housing (110); The automatic deviation rectifying device further includes a spherical bushing (150), a sphere seat (160), a mounting seat (170), a damping plate (180) and a damping block (190). The outer surface of the spherical bushing (150) is a spherical convex surface. The inner hole of the spherical bushing (150) is sleeved outside the bearing housing (110), and the connection between the two is an interference fit connection. The spherical bushing (150) is located in the spherical concave surface in the middle of the sphere seat (160). The connection body of the spherical bushing (150) with the bearing housing (110) and the main shaft (105) can rotate freely in the sphere seat (160). The bearing housing (110), the spherical bushing (150), and the sphere seat (160) are all arranged in the mounting seat (170). The mounting seat (170) is fixed on the frame (700). A through hole is opened in the middle of the mounting seat (170) for the main shaft (105) to pass through; the damping plate (180) is of a large flange structure. The inner hole of the damping plate (180) is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the bearing housing (110). The damping block (190) is fixedly installed on one side of the flange facing the bottom plate of the mounting seat (170). The upper surface of the damping block (190) is higher than the upper surface of the damping plate (180) and contacts the bottom plate of the mounting seat (170). The damping block (190) has elasticity. When the damping block (190) tilts in any direction along with the main shaft (105), the upper surface of the damping block (190) can contact the bottom surface of the mounting seat (170) and be pushed back to the original position by the reaction force; A clearance fit with equal diameters is provided between the spherical convex surface of the spherical bushing (150) and the spherical concave surface of the sphere seat (160); An annular groove is opened on the plane of the large flange of the damping plate (180) facing the bottom plate of the mounting seat (170), and the circular ring-shaped damping block (190) is fixed in the annular groove. The height of the damping block (190) is greater than the depth of the annular groove.

2. The automatic deviation rectification device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, wherein, The threaded hole inside the damping plate (180) is screwed onto the external thread at the lower end of the bearing housing (110). A section of smooth shaft and smooth hole are left at the corresponding positions of the lower end of the bearing housing (110) and the inner hole of the damping plate (180). A threaded through hole is transversely opened through the center of the hole section of the smooth hole of the damping plate (180). The set screw is screwed in from the outside, and the end abuts against the bearing housing (110).

3. The automatic centering device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, wherein A thrust bearing (111) is installed between the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (105) and the lower end cover (130).

4. The automatic deviation rectification device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, wherein, The upper end cover (120) and the lower end cover (130) are sleeved on the main shaft (105). A skeleton oil seal is arranged between the inner holes of the upper end cover (120) and the lower end cover (130) and the main shaft (105). O-ring seals are respectively arranged on the contact surfaces between the upper end cover (120), the lower end cover (130) and the bearing seat (110).

5. The automatic deviation rectification device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting seat (170) is cylindrical, formed by connecting a cylinder body and a bottom plate. The cylinder body is a cylindrical cavity, and the bottom plate is disc-shaped with a circular groove opened on the upper part for carrying and mounting the sphere seat (160). A through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom plate to accommodate the combination of the main shaft (105), the bearing seat (110), and the spherical bushing (150) to pass through. The upper end of the cylinder body is connected to the upper frame (700).

6. The automatic centering device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An L-shaped support block (140) is arranged between the outer ring of the radial bearing (112) and the lower cover plate to support the lower radial bearing (112).

7. The automatic centering device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 6, characterized in that, A bearing cooling system (114) is arranged in the automatic alignment device. A cooling oil inlet hole and a cooling oil outlet hole are respectively opened on the upper end cover (120) and the lower end cover (130) of the bearing seat (110). Lubricating oil enters from the upper end cover (120), and after passing through each bearing, it flows to the lower end cover (130) through the oil holes inside the support block (140) and flows out through the oil outlet hole on the lower end cover (130). The oil holes inside the support block (140) are multiple axial through holes evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner hole of the support block (140) and radial through holes connected thereto at the bottom.

8. The automatic deviation rectification device for the main shaft of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, wherein, The damping block (190) is made of polyurethane.

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