Textile preparation apparatus and method for detecting interfering particles

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile preparation device comprising at least one cleaning line (41) or opening line with at least one controllable machine and at least one card (100), wherein the at least one card (100) has at least one sensor (30) for detecting disturbing particles, in particular impurities, neps, shell bands, slubs and / or foreign bodies, in the carded fiber web (16). The sensor data are summarized and evaluated in a control device (43), wherein the control device (43) is supplied with reference variables on the fiber quality by means of an input module (44) and the control device (43) transmits adjustment parameters to the control device (42a) of the controllable machine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for detecting disturbing particles in the carded fiber web by means of a sensor.

Description

[0001] The present case is a divisional application of the invention patent "Carding machine, fibre web introduction element, textile preparation device and method for detecting disturbing particles", application date 5 May 2020, application number 202080034412.0 (priority data DE 102019115138.4, 05.06.2019). TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to a textile preparation device and a method for detecting disturbing particles, in particular impurities, nep, shell pieces, slubs and / or foreign bodies in a carded fibre web. BACKGROUND

[0003] According to the prior art, it is known in the field of textile technology to detect nep, disturbing particles or dirt in a fibre web, a sliver or a yarn. The known methods differ in terms of the accuracy of the determined values and the reliability of the daily operation of the spinning mill, since the components must continue to function well with considerable soiling and temperature loads. The detection of nep or nubs of fibres can be carried out in different ways in an unwound fibre web or in a sliver. When detecting a sliver, more extensive measuring devices are required, since it is not possible to see into the sliver from the outside as a rule. It has therefore been established to carry out the detection of nep or nubs below or downstream of the doffer. Here, not the absolute nep or nub is calculated, but only a partial area of the fibre web is detected and then, on the basis of a statistical evaluation, the total yield is inferred.

[0004] The document DE 19604499 B4 discloses a sensor for detecting nep and similar disturbing particles, which is arranged to be movable back and forth in a fibre web introduction profile over the working width of the carding machine. The concave surface of the fibre web introduction profile, which is arranged towards the doffer, has an at least partially transparent wall through which the fibres are detected by means of the sensor. The fibre web, which is taken off the doffer, is continuously but non-contactingly guided over the transparent wall, which in actual operation leads to rapid soiling, which has a negative effect on the measurement result. A short cleaning of the fibre web introduction element is only possible on the condition that the carding machine is completely switched off, i.e. not only the supply of loose fibres is stopped, but also the rotational speed of the rotating components is set to zero. Only then can the fibre web introduction profile be cleaned. This interruption of the carding operation is undesirable and reduces the possible yield. Another disadvantage is the movable arrangement of the sensor in the fibre web introduction profile, which can be very costly to manufacture and is prone to faults due to the cables carried along in the movement. SUMMARY

[0005] It is therefore the task of the present application to configure a textile preparation plant in such a way that disturbing particles, in particular impurities, neps, shell pieces, slubs and / or foreign bodies in the carded fiber web can be detected within a short time.

[0006] The textile preparation plant according to the application comprises at least one cleaning line or opening line with at least one controllable machine, for example a foreign body separator or a mixer or a cleaner, and at least one carding machine, wherein the at least one carding machine has at least one sensor for detecting disturbing particles, in particular impurities, neps, shell pieces, slubs and / or foreign bodies in the carded fiber web.

[0007] The application is characterized in that the sensor data of the at least one carding machine are summarized and evaluated in a control device, wherein the control device can be supplied with reference variables for the fiber quality by an input module and the control device transmits at least one adjustment parameter to the control device of the machine of the at least one cleaning line or opening line. The machine of the cleaning line or opening line can be, for example, a foreign body separator or a mixer or a cleaner. The transmitted adjustment parameter can be, for example, the detection sensitivity of a foreign body separator or the mixing ratio of different fibers in a mixer. By evaluating the data of the fiber web introduction elements of the carding machines in the control device of the superordinate textile preparation plant, the adjustment of the individual machines of the textile preparation plant can be influenced, thus creating a regulation loop.

[0008] In an advantageous manner, the summary of the sensor data of at least two carding machines takes place in a predetermined manner, for example by summation, averaging, statistical evaluation, classification, pattern analysis or with the aid of artificial intelligence methods. To this end, depending on the scope, a further computer can be used within the textile preparation plant, which can also record the communication with the machines of the textile preparation plant to be controlled. By summarizing the data of at least two carding machines, a larger amount of data can be compiled within a shorter time compared to the use of the data of only one carding machine. The time for evaluating the fiber quality is greatly reduced. Here, the superordinate control device of the textile preparation plant also determines qualitative conclusions, for example the number of neps or the percentage of short fibers, by means of statistical evaluation. By evaluating the data of a plurality of carding machines, the number of measured values increases, so that the machine operator receives a warning of a production fault within a very short time, if necessary, before the further processing of the produced card sliver in the next processing stage.

[0009] The control device is preferably configured to display the summarized and evaluated sensor data on a screen according to predetermined criteria.

[0010] In another embodiment, the superordinate control device for the collection and evaluation of the data of the at least one card and for the determination of the adjustment parameters is integrated into the control device of the machine itself to be controlled, wherein the individual data of the card can be retrieved by the card or the respective data transmission channel of the fiber web guiding element according to the application.

[0011] For this purpose, the control device is configured to emit a visual, acoustic or electric signal in the event of a defective fiber web, so that the next processing step (e.g. drawing, combing or roving production) is interrupted or even not started at all.

[0012] According to the application, the card comprises a device for detecting interfering particles, in particular impurities, neps, shell bands, slubs and / or foreign bodies in the carded fiber web, wherein the device comprises at least one sensor which is fixedly arranged in the fiber web guiding element which is arranged in the transition from the doffer to the stripping roller, wherein the at least one sensor detects the fiber web on the doffer. By detecting the fiber web in the teeth of the clothing of the doffer with the sensor, the area which the sensor beam has to penetrate is less contaminated. Thus, the fiber web only rubs over the approximately vertical front side of the fiber web guiding element, so that this front side is significantly less contaminated than the horizontally concave upper side. By this upright, approximately vertical arrangement of the front side relative to the doffer, less dirt particles are deposited on the front side in operation than according to the prior art. The gap between the fiber web guiding element and the doffer is configured very narrow, so that the fiber web partially contacts the vertical front side of the fiber web guiding element and is thus continuously cleaned by the continuous flow of material. This thus achieves a longer service life until the fiber web guiding element or the light-transmitting element through which the sensor beam penetrates has to be cleaned. Instead of a single sensor which is movably arranged inside the fiber web guiding element, at least one sensor is fixedly arranged inside the fiber web guiding element. Malfunctions due to a broken cable which is dragged are thus avoided.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the fiber web guiding element has a front side which is arranged towards the doffer and which has at least one light-transmitting element. The light-transmitting element can only be arranged within the detection area of the sensor or, alternatively, extends over the working width of the card, for example as a transparent wall of the front face of the fiber web guiding element.

[0014] In an advantageous manner, a polarizing filter is arranged on the light-transmitting element inside the fiber web guiding element. The polarizing filter is configured for circular polarization, so that the sensor beam reflected by the clothing of the doffer is hidden. The sensor thus detects only foreign bodies, neps and disturbing particles in the fibers of the fiber web. The arrangement of the polarizing filter on the light-transmitting element simplifies the evaluation of the measurement data, in particular the polarizing filter reduces the requirements on the algorithm and the computing power of the computer.

[0015] By the fixed positioning of at least three sensors, preferably at least five sensors, particularly preferably at least nine sensors inside the fiber web guiding element, the accuracy and the time of the evaluation can be influenced by a larger number of data. Depending on the customer requirements, a compromise between the accuracy of the particle recognition and the equipment costs can be found by the number of sensors.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, each sensor has a sensor circuit board with an image acquisition sensor and an objective, wherein a computer, a support plate and an illumination unit are arranged between the sensor circuit board and the polarizing filter.

[0017] Due to this construction of the sensor, the greatest possible distance between the sensor circuit board and the fiber web is achieved, which is only possible in this small construction space with mirrors that deflect the sensor beam.

[0018] Here, the objective of the sensor penetrates the plate with the computer, the support plate and the illumination unit. Thus, a contrary construction of the sensor is achieved compared to the prior art, wherein the sensor is arranged in the small construction space at the greatest possible distance from the object to be detected.

[0019] Preferably, the support plate is configured for protecting the computer and the sensor circuit board from electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the computer and the sensor circuit board no longer have to be individually encapsulated. For this purpose, the support plate is made of metal, for example.

[0020] The computer is configured to evaluate the image data of the image acquisition sensor by means of an algorithm. The detected interfering particles are classified and counted or collected into statistics. Here, the classification can comprise not only the interfering particle type, i.e. neps, shell bands, impurity particles, foreign bodies and foreign body types, but also other properties, such as size, contour, structure, color or surface properties. It is furthermore possible to determine characteristic values with regard to the fiber or fiber composite, such as, for example, cloudiness, thin sections, thick sections, structure, fiber orientation or short fiber content, by means of the image data. This information can be used automatically by a superordinate control device in order to, for example, optimize the card or the cleaning machine, for example the foreign body separator, in order to reduce the content of interfering particles or to optimize the fiber characteristic values. The fiber web introduction element according to the application thus becomes a measuring mechanism of a regulation loop in order to regulate or optimize the operating parameters of the card itself or of the feeding machine. The machine automatically adapts to changing raw materials or changing edge conditions or processing conditions, thus achieving a constant quality of the card raw material.

[0021] Determining the information for optimizing the machine is very time-consuming. On the one hand, the calculation algorithm is very time-consuming, but on the other hand, in particular in order to determine the content of foreign body portion interfering particles, significantly more individual images have to be evaluated than is necessary for determining, for example, neps, shell bands or impurity particles.

[0022] The fiber web introduction profile is therefore preferably equipped with its own computer for each sensor, which sums or aggregates the results of the individual sensors. The parallel detection and evaluation of the sensor data takes place by using at least two sensors. By aggregating the results of all sensors within the fiber web introduction profile according to the application, the determination of the interfering particle content or the fiber characteristic values can thus be significantly faster. The aggregation of the sensor results takes place here in a predetermined manner, for example by summation, averaging, statistical evaluation, classification, pattern analysis or with the aid of artificial intelligence methods. For this purpose, depending on the scope, a further computer can be used within the fiber web introduction profile, which can also record the communication of the fiber web introduction element with the card or other machines of the textile plant.

[0023] The fiber web introduction element according to the application is configured to guide a fiber web from a doffer to a stripping roller in a card. Here, at least one sensor for detecting interfering particles, in particular impurities, neps, shell bands, thick sections and / or foreign bodies, is arranged fixedly in the fiber web introduction element, wherein the at least one sensor detects interfering particles in the fiber web combed on the doffer. The application has the advantage that for detecting interfering particles, the side of the fiber web introduction element is used which does not deposit fibers or dirt due to gravity. As a result, the detection of neps, foreign bodies, etc. is more reliable and the service life for cleaning is longer.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment, the fibre web guide element has a front side with at least one light-transmitting element arranged towards the doffer. The light-transmitting element can be arranged only within the detection area of the sensor or, alternatively, extend over the working width of the card. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Further, other measures improving the invention are presented in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiments of the invention with the aid of the drawings.

[0026] In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 a schematic side view of a textile preparation machine in the form of a card, in which a device according to the invention is used;

[0028] Figure 2 an enlarged view of the fibre web guide element installed;

[0029] Figure 2a a detail view of the fibre web guide element;

[0030] Figure 3 a lateral view of the sensor in the fibre web guide element;

[0031] Figure 4 a first embodiment of the sensor arrangement in the fibre web guide element;

[0032] Figure 4a a second embodiment of the sensor arrangement in the fibre web guide element;

[0033] Figure 5 a textile preparation plant having an arrangement of several cards with a device for collecting and evaluating data.

[0034] 1. Textile preparation plant comprising at least one cleaning line (41) or opening line with at least one controllable machine and at least two cards (100), wherein each card (100) has at least one sensor (30) for detecting disturbing particles in the carded fibre web (16), characterized in that the sensor data of the at least two cards (100) are collected, evaluated and compared with each other in a superordinate control device (43), wherein the superordinate control device (43) is supplied with reference variables on the fibre quality by an input module (44) and transmits adjustment parameters to the control devices (42a) of the controllable machines and is configured to recognize changes in the processing conditions at the upstream controllable machines or cards (100).

[0035] 2. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the controllable machine is configured as a foreign matter separator or a mixer or a cleaner.

[0036] 3. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the superordinated control device (43) is configured to emit a visual, acoustic or electric signal in case of a defect of the fiber web.

[0037] 4. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the superordinated control device (43) is configured to simultaneously detect and evaluate data from sensors (30) of multiple carding machines (100).

[0038] 5. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the disturbing particles are impurities.

[0039] 6. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the disturbing particles are neps, shell masses and / or slubs.

[0040] 7. Textile preparation device according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the disturbing particles are foreign matters.

[0041] 8. Method for detecting disturbing particles in a carded fiber web by means of sensors (30), wherein data from sensors of at least two carding machines are summarized, evaluated and compared with each other in a superordinated control device (43) and compensated with a reference variable, wherein the superordinated control device (43) is configured to communicate with a control device (42a) of a controllable machine (42) upstream and the superordinated control device (43) is configured to recognize a change of the processing conditions at the controllable machine or carding machine (100) upstream.

[0042] 9. Method according to embodiment 8, characterized in that the controllable machine is configured as a foreign matter separator or a mixer or a cleaner.

[0043] 10. Method according to embodiment 8, characterized in that the disturbing particles are impurities.

[0044] 11. Method according to embodiment 8, characterized in that the disturbing particles are neps, shell masses and / or slubs.

[0045] 12. Method according to embodiment 8, characterized in that the disturbing particles are foreign matters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following reference signs are used in the description: Figures 1 to 5A preferred embodiment of a carding machine 100 according to the application is set forth. Identical features in the figures are provided with identical reference numerals, respectively. At this point, it is self-evident that the figures are shown merely simplified and, in particular, not to scale.

[0047] Figure 1 A carding machine 100 according to the prior art is shown, in which loose fibers are guided via a duct to a feed roller 1, a feed plate 2, via a plurality of licker-in rollers 3a, 3b, 3c to a cylinder 4 or drum. On the cylinder 4, the fibers of the loose fibers are aligned and cleaned by means of stationary carding elements 13, suction hoods and knives and by means of surrounding carding elements provided on a rotary flat system 17, which are configured as flat strips 14. The resulting fiber web 16 is then transported through a doffer 5, a stripping roller 6 and a plurality of press rollers 7, 8 to a web guide element 9, which deforms the fiber web into a fiber strip with a web funnel 10, which is transferred through the drawing rollers 11, 12 into a downstream processing machine or a can 15. The adjustment of the flat strips 14 and the carding elements 13 relative to the cylinder 4 (carding gap) takes place by means of slide flat strips, which are not shown here, having elements that are oriented wedge-shaped relative to one another.

[0048] In Figure 2 and Figure 2aThe arrangement of the fibre web guide element 20 between the doffer 5, the stripping roller 6 and the press roller 7 is shown in Fig. 1, wherein the fibre web 16 is removed from the doffer 5 by the stripping roller 6 and guided along the concave upper side 20c of the fibre web guide element 20 to the web hopper 10. The fibre web guide element 20 is essentially composed of four sides 20a, 20c, 20d, 20e, which enclose a cavity 20f. The front side 20a has at least partially a light-transmissive element 20b, which is configured such that the detection area or visible area of the sensor 30 located in the cavity 20f can lie on the fibre web 16 in the card clothing 5a of the doffer 5. The light-transmissive element 20b can be provided only in the area of the visual angle of the sensor 30 or can extend at least partially or completely over the working width of the card 100 as a continuous light-transmissive element 20b. The front side 20a of the fibre web guide element 20 is thus oriented with a small clearance from the surface of the doffer 5. The concave upper side 20c of the fibre web guide element 20 guides the fibre web 16 from the stripping roller 6 to the press rollers 7, 8. Unlike the prior art, the sensor 30 detects the fibre web 16, which is still located in the teeth of the card clothing 5a of the doffer 5. The fibre web 16 thus rubs over the essentially vertically arranged front side 20a of the fibre web guide element 20 and thus also continuously over the light-transmissive element 20b, which is thus less soiled than the horizontally arranged concave upper side 20c. According to the prior art, the light-transmissive element is provided in the horizontally arranged concave upper side 20c, over which the fibre web 16 does not contact over the entire surface, whereby dirt can be deposited. This thus achieves a longer service life until the fibre web guide element 20 or the light-transmissive element 20b has to be cleaned. Instead of a single sensor 30, which is no longer movably arranged inside the fibre web guide element 20, at least one sensor 30 is arranged fixed in position. In the case of a plurality of positionally fixed sensors 30 arranged inside the fibre web guide element, these are arranged at a regular spacing from one another. The light-transmissive element 20b can be configured as a glass plate or a plastic plate, behind which a polarizing filter 31 is arranged. The polarizing filter 31 is thus arranged between the light-transmissive element 20b and the sensor 30. The polarizing filter 31 is configured for circular polarization, whereby the reflected light beam of the sensor 30 (reflected by the shiny surface of the metal card clothing, for example) is blanked out. In contrast, the reflection of the light beam on the matt fibres and disturbing particles is still visible to the sensor 30. The sensor 30 thus detects only the fibres of the fibre web 16 and disturbing particles contained therein and can identify slubs or neps, lints, shell bands or foreign bodies by means of an image evaluation device. For this purpose, white light is generated, with which the card clothing 5a can be blanked out in combination with the polarizing filter. The polarizing filter 31 is framed by a reference film 32 inside the fibre web guide element 20, with which a white balance can be performed. The sensor 30 is arranged in the cavity 20f of the fibre web guide element 20 in the area of the front side 20a. The view in Fig. 1 is only schematic. The construction of the sensor 30 is shown in Fig. 2. Figure 2a Fig. 2Figure 3 The details are explained in more detail below.

[0049] The integration of low-cost sensors for image processing presupposes a minimum spacing of the sensor from the object to be monitored. If this spacing cannot be achieved due to too little construction space, a deflection mirror is used, but this entails the disadvantage of uncontrolled contamination and the need for precise adjustment of the mirror. For this reason, the sensor 30 used here has been reconfigured and fastened spaced apart from a support plate 33. The support plate 33 is arranged fixed in position inside the fiber web guide element 20, for example on a protrusion not further designated or in a recess on the upper side 20c and the bottom side 20e. From the support plate 33, an illumination unit 34 is arranged toward the light-transmissive element 20b, which can be configured as an LED circuit board. The illumination unit 34 is likewise configured as a plate-like component on which LEDs or other light-emitting elements are arranged. If necessary, the LEDs can also be combined with further lenses or lens arrays, not shown here. The illumination unit 34 is arranged parallel to the support plate 33. Behind the support plate 33 on the plate, a computer 35 is arranged, which can evaluate the data acquired immediately. The configuration of each sensor 30 with its own computer 35 makes it possible for the data determined to be processed in parallel, so that the determined values are available for use more quickly. Behind the plate with the computer 35, a sensor circuit board 36 is arranged from the support plate 33, which thus has the greatest spacing from the fibers to be detected in the construction space. The sensor circuit board 36 can be configured, for example, as a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor, by means of which individual images can be detected.

[0050] In order to be able to arrange the sensor circuit board 36 in this small construction space with the objective lens 37, the plate for the computer 35, the support plate 33 and the illumination unit 34 have un-designated openings in a row through which the objective lens 37 passes. In the prior art, at least the computer 35 is arranged behind the sensor circuit board 36, i.e. on the side opposite the objective lens 37. All components (34, 35, 36) are oriented parallel and fixed to the support plate 33 by means of bolts or spacers. The objective lens 37 penetrates the computer plate 35, the support plate 33 and the illumination unit 34, whereby the sensor circuit board 36 can be arranged in the construction space without a mirror with the greatest spacing from the fibers to be detected. In an advantageous manner, the support plate 33 is configured for protection of the computer 35 and the sensor circuit board 36 from unallowable high electromagnetic radiation. When recording an image, the illumination unit 34 works briefly in a flash operation with very high current strength, whereby the electromagnetic radiation generated is shielded by the computer 35 and the sensor circuit board 36 by, for example, a metal support plate 33.

[0051] InFigure 4 In the interior of the fibre web introduction element 20, for example, preferably five sensors 30 are distributed at a distance a over the working width A of the carding machine. With a lopper 4 width of for example 1280 mm, a working width A of approximately 1180 mm is obtained, which is detected by five sensors each having a detection width of 20 to 30 mm. In the evaluation device of the carding machine control device, therefore, an individual detection track is obtained for each sensor. In the case of a lopper 4 width of 1000 mm, in the fixed sensors 30, a number of at least three sensors 30 has proved advantageous in the interior of the fibre web introduction profile 20, with which the number of neps can be determined with sufficient accuracy. With regard to the cost of the sensors 30 and the width of the lopper 4, an arrangement of five sensors 30 has proved to be optimal, with which the number of neps can be determined with very high accuracy. The five sensors 30 are preferably arranged at the same distance a in the interior of the fibre web introduction element 20 and fixedly positioned over the working width A of the carding machine. For the detection of neps, approximately 10000 images must be detected and evaluated per measurement value by the sensors. In the case of a carding output of for example 80 kg / h, the amount of fibre web 16 which moves over 100 metres on the doffer 5 constitutes a measurement value, with approximately 10000 images being determined. In the case of a non-uniform width distribution, in this case with five sensors 30, the nep average value with a 3% error can be determined by the number of tracks. In the case of the use of only three sensors 30, the error of the nep average value increases to 12%. In the case of the use of nine sensors 30 which are arranged at a distance b from one another (not shown), Figure 4a In the case of the use of nine sensors 30 which are arranged at a distance b from one another (not shown), the error of the nep average value decreases to 1%. The use of a large number of sensors 30 not only increases the accuracy in the determination of neps, but also shortens the time for the determination of the measurement value, since more images are detected simultaneously and the computer 35 processes these images simultaneously and in parallel. For example, the measurement time is approximately 40 seconds in the case of three sensors 30, approximately 30 seconds in the case of five sensors 30 and approximately 15 seconds in the case of nine sensors 30. With regard to the construction space defined in the interior of the fibre web introduction element 20 in the case of a lopper width of 1000 mm to 1500 mm, an arrangement of three to nine fixedly positioned sensors for the determination of neps has proved to be optimal. On the one hand, sufficient construction space is provided over the working width A for the distribution of the sensors 30; on the other hand, sufficient accuracy is ensured in combination with the measurement speed and, finally, the costs are kept within a pay- able limit.

[0052] Even if only a uniform spacing a, b between the sensors 30 from one another is shown in the described embodiment, the spacing can also be configured to be non-uniform. Then, if necessary, the evaluation algorithm for the data must be adapted. It is therefore advantageous to arrange the sensors 30 with a greater or smaller spacing from one another from the center of the fiber web 16, since the detection of certain neps, slubs or foreign bodies can increasingly occur in the edge region (due to lateral fly) or in the center of the fiber web 16 (due to differences in the carding gap over the width of the cylinder) depending on the specific card structure.

[0053] If the sensors 30 are also used to detect foreign bodies, all sensors 30 must together determine approximately 25,000,000 images. In the case of the use of five sensors 30 in the fiber web introduction element 20, each sensor must therefore generate 5,000,000 images until it can be reliably stated whether a foreign body is present. The corresponding amount of fiber web must therefore be detected, whereby the evaluation of the measurement process takes approximately 18 hours. In the case of the use of nine sensors 30, the measurement time and the evaluation time still amount to 10 hours, which means that the carding production is at least in the processing of roving and must be destroyed in the event of a serious error.

[0054] In order to shorten this process, the application proposes that the data of the sensors 30 from the fiber web introduction element 20 of at least one card 100 are summarized in the control device 43 and jointly evaluated. Figure 5An opener 40 is shown, which opens a batch of fibre bales and delivers the individual bulk fibre to a cleaning room 41. Inside the cleaning room 41, the bulk fibre is opened, the fibre is cleaned for the first time and mixed, and foreign bodies (plastics, packaging material, stalks, metal, etc.) are separated in a foreign body separator 42. The bulk fibre is delivered to the carding machines 100 by means of fibre transport ducts, not shown. The control device 43 of the higher level adds up the individual data from the sensors 30 of the fibre web introduction elements 20 of the individual carding machines 100 and evaluates them according to different criteria. The evaluation can relate to the proportion of short fibres, or to foreign bodies, or to the number of nep or nubs, or to characteristic values such as cloudiness, thin spots / thick spots or fibre orientation. A display is configured to display the different fibre types, and for example foreign bodies, nep or dirt particles. A predetermined amount of waste or separation rate can be inputted by means of an input module 44, so that an optimisation of the data is already possible inside the control device 43. The control device 43 transmits the new predetermined parameters with the optimised data to the control device 42a of the foreign body separator 42, which can thus be adjusted more finely or more roughly depending on the quality requirements and the raw material. The aim is to optimise the adjustment in order to achieve and maintain the quality required of the raw material (fibre web) in the carding machine. However, here the sensitivity adjustment of the foreign body separator 42 cannot be selected so high that an unnecessarily large amount of waste is produced uselessly. For this purpose, only the parameters of the sensitivity adjustment are modified, which are necessary for the precise recognition of foreign bodies which are still detected by the sensors 30 in the fibre web introduction elements 20 downstream of the foreign body separator 42 in the carding machine. This is achieved in that the data collected by the control device 43 contain not only the number of foreign bodies, but also their characteristics, such as colour, size, contour, structure, type or surface properties. The control device 42a of the foreign body separator 42 can thus optimise the necessary parameters purposefully. For example, if the control device 43 also detects a large number of red foreign bodies, but hardly any green foreign bodies, the sensitivity parameters for the recognition of the red colour are optimised in the control device 42a, while the parameters for the green colour remain unchanged, or, if necessary, can even be operated with a less sensitive adjustment, whereby the total waste rate and thus the total amount of waste remains within the specified values.

[0055] The aggregation of the data of the sensors 30 of the fibre web introduction elements from a plurality of carding machines 100 in the control device 43 shortens the time for detecting the necessary amount of images and reduces the time for processing the data. As a result, defects in the fibre web can be identified by foreign body recognition after 3 hours in the case of each fibre web introduction element and 3 sensors of the carding machine, after 2 hours in the case of each fibre web introduction element and 5 sensors of the carding machine and after 1 hour in the case of each fibre web introduction element and 9 sensors of the carding machine. Defective carding production can thus be stopped early before the spinning mill downstream starts further processing.

[0056] The aggregation of the data of the sensors 30 of the fibre web introduction elements 20 from at least two carding machines in the control device 43 also produces further advantages. If the control device 43 determines that the data of the fibre web introduction elements 20 change simultaneously or similarly in all carding machines, it can be concluded therefrom that this has a common cause, for example a change in the raw material, a change in one or more machines or cleaning lines or a common change in the processing conditions in the textile preparation, such as for example temperature or humidity. If a change is observed only on one carding machine, the cause is more likely to be in the carding machine itself. The comparison of the data of at least two carding machines in the control device 43 can thus be used to determine more accurately which machine must be intervened in order to achieve the desired quality.

[0057] Reference signs:

[0058] 100 carding machine

[0059] 1 feed roller

[0060] 2 feed table

[0061] 3a, 3b, 3c lickerin

[0062] 4 cylinder

[0063] 5 doffer

[0064] 5a needle cloth

[0065] 6 stripper roller

[0066] 7, 8 press roller

[0067] 9 fibre web introduction element

[0068] 10 web funnel

[0069] 11, 12 drawing roller

[0070] 13 carding element

[0071] 14 flat bar

[0072] 15 rod

[0073] 16 fiber web

[0074] 17 rotary cover plate system

[0075] 20 fiber web guide element

[0076] 20a front side

[0077] 20b element

[0078] 20c upper side

[0079] 20d back side

[0080] 20e bottom side

[0081] 20f cavity

[0082] 30 sensor

[0083] 31 polarization filter

[0084] 32 reference film

[0085] 33 support plate

[0086] 34 illumination unit

[0087] 35 computer

[0088] 36 sensor circuit board

[0089] 37 objective

[0090] 40 opener

[0091] 41 cleaning line

[0092] 42 foreign matter separator

[0093] 42a control device

[0094] 43 control device

[0095] 44 input module

[0096] A working width

[0097] a pitch

[0098] b pitch

Claims

1. Textile preparation equipment, comprising at least one cleaning line (41) or unpacking line having at least one controllable machine, and at least two carding machines (100), wherein, Each carding machine (100) has at least one sensor (30) for detecting interfering particles in the carded fiber web (16), characterized in that sensor data from the at least two carding machines (100) are aggregated, evaluated and compared in a higher-level control device (43), wherein a reference variable regarding fiber quality is supplied to the higher-level control device (43) via an input module (44) and the higher-level control device (43) transmits adjustment parameters to the control device (42a) of the controllable machine, and the higher-level control device (43) is configured to distinguish changes in processing conditions at the upstream controllable machine or carding machine (100).

2. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable machine configuration is a foreign matter separator, mixer, or cleaner.

3. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper control device (43) is configured to emit visual, audible or electrical signals when there are defects in the fiber web.

4. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper control unit (43) is configured to simultaneously detect and evaluate data from sensors (30) of multiple combing machines (100).

5. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interfering particles are impurities.

6. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interfering particles are nodules, clumps, and / or coarse nodes.

7. The textile preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interfering particles are foreign objects.

8. A method for detecting interfering particles in a carded fiber web by means of a sensor (30), wherein, Data from sensors at at least two carding machines are aggregated, evaluated, compared, and compensated using reference variables in a higher-level control unit (43), wherein the higher-level control unit (43) is configured to communicate with the control unit (42a) of the upstream controllable machine (42), and the higher-level control unit (43) is configured to distinguish changes in processing conditions at the upstream controllable machine or carding machine (100).

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controllable machine configuration is a foreign matter separator, mixer, or cleaner.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The interfering particles are impurities.

11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The interfering particles are nodules, clumps, and / or coarse nodes.

12. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The interfering particles are foreign objects.

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