A kind of easily disassembled and reconfigurable building-block type buffer protection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an easily disassembled and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device, which includes a first energy absorbing module and a second energy absorbing module, wherein the first energy absorbing module is in the shape of a square column and the second energy absorbing module is in the shape of a cuboid; the first energy absorbing module is provided with at least one groove; the 2N first energy absorbing modules are symmetrically arranged to form N pairs of first energy absorbing module groups; each pair of first energy absorbing module groups is orthogonally arranged with another pair of first energy absorbing module groups to form two internal channels; N second energy absorbing modules are passed through the channels and discretely assembled with the first energy absorbing module groups to form a building block type buffer protection device with N self-locking nodes, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The energy absorbing protection device module of the present invention is easy to process and low in cost. It inherits the load-bearing capacity advantage of the square columnar structure and has ideal energy absorption capacity. By adjusting the module material and adding internal fillers, it can also adapt to different protection needs in multiple scenarios, greatly improving the breadth of application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety protection, and in particular to a building block type buffer protection device that is easily disassembled and reconfigurable. Background Art

[0002] In daily life and production, many unexpected and dangerous accidents, such as explosions and collisions, can occur. To minimize the impact of these accidents on people and property, a reconfigurable and easily disassembled buffer device is needed to address the shortcomings of existing protective equipment, such as bulky assembly, low economic efficiency, and inability to adapt to complex scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of traditional existing safety protection equipment, such as difficulty in assembly and deployment, difficulty in flexible use, and low economic benefits of reuse. The present invention proposes a building block-type buffer protection device that is easy to assemble and reconfigure. The buffer protection device is assembled by orthogonal discrete assembly of multiple energy-absorbing modules, which can be quickly assembled or disassembled. The square columnar design makes processing extremely convenient. The gaps between modules reduce the errors caused by processing and assembly, and have structural insensitivity. At the same time, the material of the filler in the gap can be flexibly changed according to the usage scenario to improve the protection performance. The material of the module can also be flexibly changed to improve the ability to cope with different deformations and the economic benefits.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A building block-type buffer protection device that is easily disassembled and reconfigurable includes a first energy absorbing module and a second energy absorbing module, wherein the first energy absorbing module is in the shape of a square column and the second energy absorbing module is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped; the first energy absorbing module is provided with at least one groove; the 2N first energy absorbing modules are symmetrically arranged to form N pairs of first energy absorbing module groups; each pair of first energy absorbing module groups is orthogonally arranged with another pair of first energy absorbing module groups to form two internal channels; N second energy absorbing modules pass through the channels and are discretely assembled with the first energy absorbing module groups to form a building block-type buffer protection device with N self-locking nodes, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2.

[0006] In this solution, the first energy absorption module and the second energy absorption module are both axisymmetric structures.

[0007] In this solution, the cross-sectional shape of the channel along the channel direction is the same as the axial cross-sectional shape of the second energy absorbing module assembled in the channel, and the dimensions are equal.

[0008] In this solution, when the number of grooves of the first energy absorbing module is greater than 1, the grooves are arranged at equal intervals.

[0009] In this solution, the axial cross-sectional length of the second energy absorbing module is greater than twice the depth of the groove in the first energy absorbing module.

[0010] In this solution, four first energy absorption modules form two pairs of first energy absorption module groups; one pair of first energy absorption module groups are orthogonally arranged through the grooves of another pair of first energy absorption module groups to form two internal channels; finally, the second energy absorption module is inserted into the channels to form the smallest unit of the building block-type buffer protection device with two self-locking nodes, namely, a unit cell structure.

[0011] In this solution, each pair of first energy absorption module groups has the same groove array distribution pattern; when their axial lengths and groove numbers are the same, a square protective surface is formed; when their axial lengths and groove numbers are different, a rectangular protective surface is formed.

[0012] In this solution, the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module are both rectangular structures without any inclined walls; the cross-sections of the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module are rectangular, and the length and width thereof can be designed as required.

[0013] In this solution, there are gap spaces between the first energy absorbing modules and between the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module, and internal fillers are added in the gap spaces to meet different protection requirements.

[0014] In this solution, the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module are thin-walled hollow structures or solid structures, and there is no restriction on the materials; when they are thin-walled structures, they can be filled with different materials for density.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The easily disassembled and reconfigurable buffer protection device of the present invention can withstand compressive loads in multiple directions. At the same time, the modular orthogonal discrete assembly method can be formed without external constraints, which solves the problem that traditional energy absorption devices require complex external constraints during assembly in order to be used normally; when the second energy absorption module is subjected to axial tensile load, it can quickly disassemble the entire buffer protection device. The flexible modular assembly and disassembly method can flexibly adjust the deployment method according to the on-site conditions, simply and efficiently improve the material utilization rate and site space utilization rate, and greatly save manpower and material resources during assembly.

[0017] (2) The energy-absorbing protective device of the present invention is a square columnar structure, which has excellent energy-absorbing capacity, is easy to process and has low cost. At the same time, the energy-absorbing protective device of the present invention also has the characteristics of obvious overall structural deformation and limited local material strain. On the one hand, the local material deformation under large deformation can also be controlled. On the other hand, under certain deformation, the defect of the existing energy-absorbing device that can only be used once can be avoided by replacing the local module. In addition, if superelastic materials are used, they can be restored to their original state under certain deformation, and have high reusability and extremely high economic benefits.

[0018] (3) The modular energy absorption protection device structure of the present invention has a spatial mesh gap inside, which is conducive to weakening the stress peak under the impact load and greatly improving the energy absorption characteristics of the overall structure. The square columnar structure allows the interior to have a rectangular space, which can be densely filled with internal materials. At the same time, it allows different materials to be filled inside the gap, and allows the length and width of the first energy absorption module and the second energy absorption module to be modified to meet the different protection needs of complex scenes, and has a high degree of environmental adaptability. During assembly, the gap can also eliminate the processing and assembly errors of the module, and has structural defect insensitivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the first energy absorption module of the unit cell structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second energy-absorbing module of the unit cell structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A perspective view of the first energy-absorbing module of the multi-cellular structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second energy-absorbing module of the multi-cellular structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 1 and Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the unit cell structure assembled from the energy absorption modules shown;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 1 and Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a unit cell structure composed of energy absorption modules;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 4 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a multicellular structure assembled from energy-absorbing modules;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 7Schematic diagram of the deformation of the energy absorbing device under a uniformly distributed compression load;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the deformation of the energy absorbing device under a uniformly distributed compression load;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a stress-strain curve of the energy absorbing device under a typical load;

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a stress-strain curve of the energy absorbing device under a typical load;

[0030] Among them, 1-9 are the end face markings of the first energy absorption module of the unit cell structure: 1 is the upper end face, 2 is the lower end face, 3 is the front end face, 4 is the rear end face, 7 is the left end face of the groove, 8 is the lower end face of the groove, and 9 is the right end face of the groove; 12-15 are the end face markings of the second energy absorption module of the unit cell structure: 12 is the upper end face, 13 is the lower end face, 14 is the front end face, and 15 is the rear end face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting this patent. Components in the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced in size to better illustrate the embodiments and do not represent actual product dimensions. The assembly of the components in the accompanying drawings is understandable to those skilled in the art.

[0032] In the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are for descriptive purposes only and do not constitute limitations on the technical features. The terms "first" and "second" do not limit the number of features but are used to distinguish different component names.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 The first energy absorption module constituting the unit cell structure described in this specification is in the shape of a square column with a length, width and height of 132mm*50mm*28mm. It introduces a groove with a length, width and height of 66mm*50mm*20mm. The distance between the grooves is greater than the length of the axial section of the first energy absorption module. It is one of the basic units constituting the unit cell structure.

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams from other angles of the first energy absorption module constituting the unit cell structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3The second energy absorbing module constituting the unit cell structure described in this specification is in the shape of a cuboid with a length, width and height of 132mm*50mm*8mm, and is one of the basic units constituting the unit cell structure.

[0037] Figure 4 The first energy-absorbing module constituting the multicellular structure described in this specification is in the shape of a square column with a length, width and height of 396mm*50mm*28mm. It introduces a plurality of grooves arranged equidistantly in an array, and the length, width and height of the grooves are 66mm*50mm*20mm. The distance between the grooves is greater than the length of the axial section of the first energy-absorbing module, and is one of the basic units constituting the multicellular structure.

[0038] Figure 5 The second energy absorbing module constituting the multicellular structure described in this specification is in the shape of a cuboid with a length, width and height of 396m*50mm*8mm, and is one of the basic units constituting the multicellular structure.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a unit cell structure, with two types of energy-absorbing modules being orthogonally discretely distributed. The four first energy-absorbing modules are symmetrically arranged to form two pairs of first energy-absorbing module groups; one pair of first energy-absorbing module groups is orthogonally discretely arranged with another pair of first energy-absorbing module groups, forming two internal channels; the second energy-absorbing modules are orthogonally discretely assembled through the channels to form a buffering and protective device with at least two self-locking nodes. This buffering and protective device can be quickly assembled without applying external constraints. The second energy-absorbing module can be quickly disassembled when subjected to an axial tensile load, giving the device the advantage of flexible assembly and disassembly.

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembled unit cell structure. The two energy absorption modules are orthogonally and discretely distributed.

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled multicellular structure. The two energy-absorbing modules are orthogonally discretely distributed. The first energy-absorbing modules are symmetrically arranged in pairs to form a first energy-absorbing module group; each pair of first energy-absorbing module groups is orthogonally discretely arranged with other first energy-absorbing module groups, forming a plurality of internal channels; the second energy-absorbing modules are orthogonally discretely assembled through the channels to form a buffer protection device with multiple self-locking nodes. The first energy-absorbing module of the multicellular structure has additional grooves arranged in an array at equal intervals compared to the first energy-absorbing module of the single-cell structure. The extended second energy-absorbing module is used to assemble a buffer protection device with multiple self-locking nodes, which shows that the model described in the present invention is scalable and can be flexibly adapted to the situation in practical applications.

[0042] Figure 9This diagram illustrates the deformation of the unit cell structure of the present invention under a uniformly distributed compressive load. As shown, during compression, the model exhibits self-locking properties, preventing splashing and providing enhanced safety. The model can withstand compressive loads in multiple directions. Its square columnar structure possesses excellent energy absorption capabilities. Under certain deformation conditions, the single-use limitation of existing energy absorption devices can be avoided by replacing local modules. Furthermore, even with larger deformations, efficient material utilization is possible.

[0043] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the deformation of the multi-cellular structure of the present invention under a uniformly distributed compressive load. As shown, during compression, the model exhibits self-locking properties, preventing splashing and providing enhanced safety. The model can withstand compressive loads in multiple directions. Its square columnar structure possesses excellent energy absorption capabilities. Under certain deformation conditions, the single-use limitation of existing energy absorption devices can be avoided by replacing local modules. Furthermore, even with larger deformations, the material can be efficiently utilized.

[0044] Figure 11 The figure is a schematic diagram of the stress-strain curve of the unit cell structure of the present invention under typical loads. As can be seen from the figure, the performance of the unit cell structure under both uniformly distributed loads and impact loads is relatively excellent.

[0045] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the stress-strain curve of the polyhedral structure of the present invention under typical loads. As can be seen from the figure, the performance of the polyhedral structure under both uniformly distributed loads and impact loads is relatively excellent.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Figure 1-Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the first and second energy-absorbing modules of a unit cell structure for an easily disassembled and reconfigurable building block-style buffer and protection device. Generally, the first and second energy-absorbing modules are made of metal or lightweight composite materials, with thin-walled hollow or solid structures, and are axisymmetric. Each buffer and protection device is constructed from at least four of the first energy-absorbing modules and at least two of the second energy-absorbing modules, assembled in an orthogonal, discrete manner.

[0048] Figure 1-Figure 2 The first energy absorption module is in the shape of a square column and has at least one groove. Figure 1 The top is the direction indicated by a, and the bottom is the opposite direction of a; the right is the direction indicated by b, and the left is the opposite direction of b; the front is the outward direction perpendicular to the ab plane, and the back is the inward direction perpendicular to the ab plane. Figure 1 and Figure 2The end faces of the first energy absorption module shown include a front face 1, a rear face 2, an upper face 3, and a lower face 4, with no end faces on either side. Each plane is perpendicular to the adjacent planes. Furthermore, the first energy absorption module has a groove on the upper face 3, lower face 4, and front face 1. The groove is formed by a first surface 8, a second surface 7, and a third surface 9. The second surface 7 and the third surface 9 are parallel and perpendicular to the first surface 8. Due to the presence of the groove, both the upper and lower faces 3 and 4 are concave planes, with a lower base length of l, an end face height of h, and both upper bases of length m. The front face 1 consists of two rectangular planes, each with a length of d and a width of t. The rear face 2 is a rectangular plane with a length of l and a width of t. The first surface 8 shares a common edge with the second and third surfaces 7 and 9, each with a length of t. The first surface 8 is a rectangular plane with a length of (l-2*d) and a width of t, meaning the groove has a length of (l-2*d). The second surface 7 and the third surface 9 are both rectangular planes with a length of t and a width of u, that is, the depth of the groove is u.

[0049] According to the above reference direction, if Figure 3 As shown, the second energy absorbing module is in the shape of a cuboid, including a front end face 12, a rear end face 13, an upper end face 14, and a lower end face 15, with no end faces on either side. The second energy absorbing module is equal to the first energy absorbing module in both axial length and axial cross-sectional width.

[0050] The first energy absorbing modules are placed in pairs in parallel and symmetrically to form a channel. Then, one set of the parallel first energy absorbing modules is inserted horizontally into the grooves of another set of vertically placed first energy absorbing modules to form two internal channels. Finally, the second energy absorbing modules are inserted into the two internal channels to form a buffer protection device with at least two self-locking nodes. (As shown in the figure, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, during use, the types (reflected in different numbers of grooves) and quantities of the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module can be adjusted according to actual conditions to form a buffer protection device of any scale.

[0051] During the assembly process, the first energy absorbing modules are placed in pairs parallel to each other, with the distance between them being equal to the width of their axial cross-section. During orthogonal discrete assembly, the rear end face 2 of the laterally inserted first energy absorbing module abuts the second surface 7 (or third surface 9) of the groove of the vertically placed first energy absorbing module, and the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the laterally inserted first energy absorbing module coincides with the axis of the vertically placed first energy absorbing module. The resulting two internal channels have the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the axial cross-sectional shape of the second energy absorbing module.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] like Figure 7As shown, the cushioning and protection device in this embodiment is a unit cell structure composed of four first energy-absorbing modules with one groove and two second energy-absorbing modules of matching dimensions, assembled orthogonally. These modules are thin-walled and made of stainless steel. Assuming the thickness of the complete cushioning and protection device is t, the parameters of a single module are as follows: L = 205mm, h = 205mm, t = 205mm.

[0054] Finite element numerical simulation was used to calculate the energy absorption and protection effect of the assembled energy absorption and protection device when subjected to uniformly distributed impact loads. Dynamic simulation was performed using ABAQUS / Explicit.

[0055] Use a square rigid plate to simulate uniform load. The side length of the rigid plate must be greater than L. Set the impact speed of the rigid plate to 2m / s and 20m / s respectively. The impact process is as follows: Figure 9 According to the numerical simulation results, the deformation characteristics and load-displacement curve of the energy-absorbing protective device under uniform impact load are obtained. The equivalent stress-equivalent strain curve is obtained by dividing the load by the overall cross-sectional area and the displacement by the initial height. For specific simulation results, see Figure 11 Under uniformly distributed impact loads, the energy-absorbing protective device exhibits a stable deformation mode and good energy-absorbing performance.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, the buffer protection device of this specification can be composed of 2N first energy absorbing modules with at least one groove and N second energy absorbing modules to form a multicellular structure. In the buffer protection device of this embodiment, a first energy absorbing module with 36 grooves and 3 grooves (such as Figure 4 ) and 18 second energy absorption modules (such as Figure 5 ) is a multi-cellular structure assembled orthogonally. The above modules are thin-walled structures and are made of stainless steel.

[0058] Finite element numerical simulation was used to calculate the energy absorption and protection effect of the assembled energy absorption and protection device when subjected to uniformly distributed impact loads. Dynamic simulation was performed using ABAQUS / Explicit.

[0059] Use a sufficiently large square rigid plate to simulate a uniform load, and set the impact speed of the rigid plate to 2m / s and 20m / s respectively. Figure 10 According to the numerical simulation results, the deformation characteristics and load-displacement curve of the energy-absorbing protective device under uniform impact load are obtained. The equivalent stress-equivalent strain curve is obtained by dividing the load by the overall cross-sectional area and the displacement by the initial height. For specific simulation results, see Figure 12 Under uniformly distributed impact loads, the cellular energy-absorbing protective device also exhibits a stable deformation mode and good energy-absorbing performance.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the buffer protection device of the above embodiment is formed by orthogonally discretely assembling the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module, and can be formed without external constraints, which solves the problem that traditional energy absorbing devices need to provide complex external constraints during assembly in order to be used normally. When the second energy absorbing module is subjected to axial tension, the above buffer protection device can be quickly disassembled and has flexible assembly and disassembly capabilities. Therefore, the deployment method can be flexibly adjusted according to the on-site conditions, and the material utilization rate and site space utilization rate can be simply and efficiently improved, which greatly saves manpower and material resources during assembly. The anti-collision device has a stable deformation mode and strong self-locking properties. Compared with traditional energy absorbing and anti-collision devices, it reduces the safety hazard of component splashing. The device is a square columnar structure, which not only has excellent energy absorption capacity, but also has the characteristics of easy processing and low cost. At the same time, the device also has the characteristics of obvious overall structural deformation and limited local material strain. On the one hand, the local material deformation under large deformation can also be controlled. On the other hand, under certain deformation, the defect that the existing energy absorbing device can only be used once can be avoided by replacing the local module. In addition, if superelastic materials are used, they can return to their original shape under a certain deformation, and are highly reusable and economically efficient. The device structure has a spatial mesh gap inside, which is beneficial to weakening the stress peak under impact load and greatly improving the energy absorption characteristics of the overall structure. The square columnar structure allows for a rectangular space inside, which is conducive to dense filling of internal materials. At the same time, different materials can be filled inside the gap, and the length and width of the first energy absorption module and the second energy absorption module can be modified to meet the different protection requirements of complex scenarios, and it has a high degree of environmental adaptability. During assembly, the gap can also eliminate the processing and assembly errors of the module, and is insensitive to structural defects.

[0061] The present invention has been described in detail above. The principles and implementation methods of the present invention have been explained through specific implementation methods. This is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology in this field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. It does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An easily disassembled and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device, characterized by: It includes a first energy absorbing module and a second energy absorbing module, the first energy absorbing module is in the shape of a square column, and the second energy absorbing module is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped; at least one groove is provided on the first energy absorbing module; 2N first energy absorbing modules are symmetrically arranged to form N pairs of first energy absorbing module groups, wherein the two first energy absorbing modules in each pair of first energy absorbing module groups are arranged with the grooved surfaces facing each other; each pair of first energy absorbing module groups passes through the grooves of the other pair of first energy absorbing module groups and is arranged orthogonally in pairs with the other pair of first energy absorbing module groups to form two internal channels; each of the channels is provided with a second energy absorbing module and is discretely assembled with the first energy absorbing module group to form a building block-type buffer protection device with self-locking nodes, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2.

2. The easily detachable and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first energy absorption module and the second energy absorption module are both axisymmetric structures.

3. The easily detachable and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the channel along the channel direction is the same as the axial cross-sectional shape of the second energy absorbing module assembled in the channel, and the size is equal.

4. The easily detachable and reconfigurable modular buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of grooves of the first energy absorption module is greater than 1, the grooves are arranged at equal intervals.

5. The easily detachable and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial cross-sectional length of the second energy absorbing module is greater than twice a depth of the groove in the first energy absorbing module.

6. The easily detachable and reconfigurable modular buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When four first energy absorption modules form two pairs of first energy absorption module groups; one pair of first energy absorption module groups are arranged orthogonally through the grooves of another pair of first energy absorption module groups to form two internal channels; finally, the second energy absorption module is inserted into the channels to form the smallest unit of the building block-type buffer protection device with two self-locking nodes, namely the unit cell structure.

7. The easily detachable and reconfigurable modular buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pair of first energy absorption module groups has the same groove array distribution pattern; when their axial lengths and groove numbers are the same, a square protective surface is formed; when their axial lengths and groove numbers are different, a rectangular protective surface is formed.

8. The easily detachable and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module are both rectangular structures without any inclined walls; the cross-section of the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module is rectangular, and the length and width thereof can be designed as required.

9. The easily detachable and reconfigurable modular buffer protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are gaps between the first energy absorbing modules and between the first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module, and internal fillers are added to the gaps.

10. The easily detachable and reconfigurable building block type buffer protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing module and the second energy absorbing module are thin-walled hollow structures or solid structures.

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