A rotary force hammer device for bridge detection and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection and its usage method. The device includes: a hammer head, a hammer head connecting piece, a hammer handle spring, a hammer handle, a hammer handle connecting piece, an encoder, a rotating shaft, a clutch, a large gear, a motor gear, a control box and a sensor; the hammer head is connected to the hammer head connecting piece through the sensor, the hammer head connecting piece is connected to the hammer handle, the hammer handle spring is arranged on the hammer handle, the hammer handle is connected to the hammer handle connecting piece, the data line of the sensor is connected to the control box, the rotating shaft is connected in series with the hammer handle connecting piece, the clutch and the large gear, the hammer handle connecting piece, the clutch and the large gear rotate along the rotating shaft, the hammer handle connecting piece is connected to the clutch, the clutch is connected to the large gear, the large gear meshes with the motor gear, and the large gear drives the hammer handle connecting piece to rotate through the clutch. The present invention gets rid of the limitation of increasing weight and size for increasing the impact force by increasing the motor torque and speed, and the cooperation of the spring of the hammer head and the clutch can prevent secondary impact on the bridge deck or bridge pier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering structure detection, and particularly to a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to evaluate the working performance and bearing capacity of a bridge, non-destructive detection of the bridge is required. One of the detection contents of non-destructive detection is to measure the structural dynamic parameters of the bridge. For example, exciting force, structural acceleration, etc., and therefrom calculate the frequency, speed, damping, vibration mode, etc. of the structure. By comparing these parameters in different service periods, the change of the dynamic performance of the bridge structure can be understood, the working performance and bearing capacity of the bridge can be evaluated, and maintenance or strengthening measures can be taken.

[0003] Currently, the exciting methods for detecting structural dynamic parameters in the prior art generally include environmental excitation method (also called ground pulsation method), vehicle excitation method (the vehicle passes through the bridge at a certain speed, which can be divided into running excitation, jumping excitation and braking excitation), force hammer excitation method and mechanical impact excitation method, etc. The environmental excitation method uses the pulsation of the ground to perform micro-vibration excitation on the bridge, and generally only the fundamental frequency can be excited. In the vehicle excitation method, during running excitation, the amplitude of the bridge is small and the attenuation is fast; while in jumping excitation, the vehicle passes over a wedge-shaped obstacle with a height of 15 cm at a certain speed, so that the wheels hit the bridge deck. This method has a great potential harm to the old bridge; and the result of braking excitation is similar. It uses the braking force generated when a running vehicle brakes at a specific position on the bridge to excite the bridge, which has a certain damage to the vehicle itself and also has a relatively large potential harm to the old bridge with unknown characteristics. When engineering personnel use a force hammer to excite the bridge, they use the force hammer to strike the beam body (or pier), and the striking force cannot be kept consistent. Moreover, due to the limitation of human strength, an impact force exceeding human strength cannot be applied. Using the method of using a mechanical device to impact the bridge deck can avoid both the excessive damage and danger to the bridge deck caused by the vehicle passing through the bridge, and the defect of insufficient force when engineering personnel hold a force hammer to strike the bridge deck.

[0004] This method of using a mechanical device to impact the bridge deck still has certain limitations in use. First, after the impact object is lifted to a certain height, it uses the free-fall method to accelerate and impact the bridge deck. According to the momentum theorem, the impact force of the impact object is determined by mass and velocity. For impact objects of the same mass, in order to obtain a greater impact force, it is necessary to increase the velocity of the impact object when it impacts the bridge deck. And under the condition of free fall of the impact object, it is necessary to increase the height of the impact object. Thus, in order to ensure the stability of the center of gravity of the whole device, the volume of the whole device will be very large. This affects the use in a narrow working environment. If the falling height of the impact object is reduced and a large impact force is still required, it is necessary to increase the mass of the impact object. This will result in an excessive mass of the whole device. When the bridge body has been damaged, there is a great danger.

[0005] Secondly, after the impact component collides with the bridge deck, the impact component will bounce off the bridge deck. Under the action of gravity, the impact component will have a secondary impact with the bridge deck, affecting the impact data of the impact component on the bridge. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection and its use method to effectively conduct impact experiments on bridges.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection, including:

[0009] A hammer head (1), a hammer head connecting member (2), a hammer handle spring (3), a hammer handle (4), a hammer handle connecting member (5), an encoder (6), a rotating shaft (7), a clutch (8), a large gear (9), a motor gear (10), a control box (15) and a force sensor (16);

[0010] The hammer head (1) is connected to the hammer head connecting member (2) through the force sensor (16), the hammer head connecting member (2) is connected to the hammer handle (4), a section of the hammer handle spring (3) is provided on the hammer handle (4), the hammer handle (4) is connected to the hammer handle connecting member (5), and the data line of the force sensor (16) passes through the interiors of the hammer head connecting member (2) and the hammer handle (4) and is connected to the control box (15). The rotating shaft (7) is connected in series with the hammer handle connecting member (5), the clutch (8) and the large gear (9). The hammer handle connecting member (5), the clutch (8) and the large gear (9) rotate along the rotating shaft (7). The hammer handle connecting member (5) is connected to the clutch (8), the clutch (8) is connected to the large gear (9), the large gear (9) meshes with the motor gear (10), and the large gear (9) drives the hammer handle connecting member (5) to rotate through the clutch (8).

[0011] Preferably, the device further includes: a motor box (11), a vehicle frame (12), wheels (13) and a battery box (14);

[0012] The motor gear (10) is connected to the motor box (11), the rotating shaft (7) and the motor box (11) are fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (12), the motor box (11) drives the large gear (9) to rotate through the motor gear (10), and the battery pack in the battery box (14) powers the entire device.

[0013] Preferably, the clutch comprises two disks that can be separated or engaged. One disk is rigidly connected to the hammer handle connector, and the other disk is rigidly connected to the large gear. When the two disks of the clutch are engaged, the large gear can drive the hammer handle connector to rotate. When the two disks of the clutch are separated, the hammer handle connector rotates freely.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for using a rotary force hammer device for bridge inspection, applicable to the said device. The method includes:

[0015] Initially, push the vehicle frame (12) to near the bridge deck or pier to be inspected, lock the wheels (13), rotate the hammer handle (4) so that the hammer head (1) contacts the bridge deck or the side of the pier, and the encoder (6) collects the current angle, which is set as the zero angle.

[0016] Rotate the hammer handle (4) away from the bridge deck or pier until the hammer handle (4) contacts the vehicle frame (12). Input the energy required for impact as needed into the host computer in the control box (15). The host computer calculates the required rotational speed of the motor, issues a work command, and the motor rotates at the set rotational speed, driving the large gear (9), clutch (8), hammer handle (4), and hammer head (1) to rotate at a predetermined rotational speed and strike the side of the bridge deck or pier. When the hammer head (1) reaches the zero angle recorded by the encoder (6), the clutch (8) disengages, and the hammer head (1) strikes the bridge deck; then, the motor changes from forward rotation to reverse rotation, the clutch (8) engages, and drives the hammer handle (4) and hammer head (1) to rotate away from the bridge deck or pier.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0018] When the hammer head (1) strikes the bridge deck or pier, the hammer handle spring (3) bends and deforms, and the hammer handle (4) rotates backward, buffering the impact between the hammer head (1) and the bridge deck or pier through the bending deformation of the hammer handle spring (3).

[0019] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0020] The impact data between the hammer head (1) and the bridge deck is collected by the force sensor (16) between the hammer head (1) and the hammer head connector (2), and the impact data is transmitted to the host computer in the control box (15).

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0022] The relationship between the motor rotational speed and the impact energy of the hammer head (1) is as follows, and the impact impulse can be obtained by selecting different hammer head materials to obtain different contact times to increase or decrease the impulse and protect the struck structural surface from damage:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula:

[0025] J is the energy of the hammer head hitting the bridge deck, with the unit of J;

[0026] m is the equivalent mass of the hammer head and the hammer handle, with the unit of kg;

[0027] k is the ratio of the motor gear to the large gear;

[0028] ω is the angular velocity of the motor, with the unit of rad / s;

[0029] r is the distance from the center line of the rotating shaft to the center line of the hammer head, with the unit of m.

[0030] It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention described above that the present invention is a mechanical bridge detection device that can output a large impact force on the premise that the mass of the impact component is relatively low and the volume of the entire device is relatively small. At the same time, it is ensured that after the impact component impacts the bridge, the impact component moves away from the bridge deck to prevent secondary impact.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and these will become apparent from the following description or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a hammer head provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a clutch mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 FIG. is a working flow chart of a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of two detection modes of placing the vehicle frame 12 on the bridge deck to be detected or near the bridge pier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1 hammer head, 16 sensor, 2 hammer head connecting piece, 3 hammer handle spring, 4 hammer handle, 5 hammer handle connecting piece, 6 encoder, 7 rotating shaft, 8 clutch, 9 large gear, 10 motor gear, 11 motor box, 12 vehicle frame, 13 wheel, 14 battery box, 15 control box. Detailed implementation mode

[0039] The following details the implementation modes of the present invention. Examples of the implementation modes are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals throughout denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The implementation modes described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "said" used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the description of the present invention means the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their groups. It should be understood that when we say that an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or there may also be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or coupling. The phrase "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0041] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted with an idealized or overly formal meaning unless defined as herein.

[0042] For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following will further explain with several specific embodiments by referring to the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] The structural diagram of a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown and includes the following parts: hammer head 1, sensor 16, hammer head connecting piece 2, hammer handle spring 3, hammer handle 4, hammer handle connecting piece 5, encoder 6, rotating shaft 7, clutch 8, large gear 9, motor gear 10, motor box 11, vehicle frame 12, wheel 13, battery box 14 and control box 15.

[0044] The hammer head 1 is connected to the hammer head connecting piece 2 through the sensor 16. The hammer head connecting piece 2 is connected to the hammer handle 4. A section of hammer handle spring 3 is arranged on the hammer handle 4. The hammer handle 4 is connected to the hammer handle connecting piece 5. The data line of the sensor 16 passes through the interiors of the hammer head connecting piece 2 and the hammer handle 4 and is connected to the control box 15. The rotating shaft 7 is in series with the hammer handle connecting piece 5, the clutch 8 and the large gear 9. The hammer handle connecting piece 5, the clutch 8 and the large gear 9 rotate along the rotating shaft 7. The hammer handle connecting piece 5 is connected to the clutch 8. The clutch 8 is connected to the large gear 9. The large gear 9 meshes with the motor gear 10. The motor gear 10 is connected to the motor box 11. The rotating shaft 7 and the motor box 11 are fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 12. The motor box 11 drives the large gear 9 to rotate through the motor gear 10. The large gear 9 drives the hammer handle connecting piece 5 to rotate through the clutch 8. The battery pack in the battery box 14 supplies power to the entire detection device.

[0045] As shown in the structural schematic diagram of a hammer head 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 as shown, and the schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism is as Figure 3 shown. The clutch includes two disks that can be separated or fitted together. One disk is rigidly connected to the hammer handle connecting piece, and the other disk is rigidly connected to the large gear. When the two disks of the clutch are fitted together, the large gear can drive the hammer handle connecting piece to rotate. When the two disks of the clutch are separated, the hammer handle connecting piece can rotate freely without affecting the large gear.

[0046] The impact part includes several parts such as the hammer head 1, the sensor 16, the hammer head connecting piece 2, the hammer handle spring 3 and the hammer handle 4. The motor in the motor box drives the impact part to rotate through the motor gear 10 and the clutch 8. When selecting the mass of the hammer head 1, by increasing the speed of the motor, the energy of the hammer head 1 hitting the bridge deck can be adjusted. Compared with the energy accumulated by the free fall of the hammer head 1, by driving the hammer head 1 to rotate by the motor, greater energy can be obtained. Thus, the current situation where the impact force of the hammer head 1 is restricted by the lifting height of the hammer head and the mass of the hammer head is solved. When greater energy is required, just increase the motor speed. The whole set of device can be made more compact, and the overall mass of the whole set of device can be reduced to better adapt to different bridge deck detection environments.

[0047] The relational expression between the motor speed and the impact energy is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula:

[0050] J is the energy of the hammer head hitting the bridge deck (J)

[0051] m is the equivalent mass of the hammer head and the hammer handle (kg)

[0052] k is the ratio of the motor gear to the large gear

[0053] ω is the angular velocity of the motor (rad / s)

[0054] The distance (m) from the center line of the r rotating shaft to the center line of the hammer head.

[0055] Figure 4 The following is the working flow chart of a rotary impact hammer device for bridge detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The specific processing process includes:

[0056] Initially, push the vehicle frame 12 to the bridge surface to be detected or near the bridge pier, and lock the wheels 13. Rotate the hammer handle 4 so that the hammer head 1 contacts the bridge surface or the bridge pier. The encoder 6 collects the current angle, sets it as the zero point, and transmits the data to a computer (not shown). Figure 5 The following are schematic diagrams of two detection modes for placing the vehicle frame 12 on the bridge surface to be detected or near the bridge pier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Rotate the hammer handle 4 away from the bridge surface or the bridge pier until the hammer handle 4 contacts the vehicle frame 12. Input the energy required for impact as needed through the upper computer in the control box 15. The upper computer calculates the required rotational speed of the motor. The upper computer issues a work command. The motor starts and accelerates to rotate at the set value. The kinetic energy of the motor in the motor box 11 is transmitted to the hammer head 1, driving the large gear 9, clutch 8, hammer handle 4, and hammer head 1 to rotate at a predetermined rotational speed and hit the bridge surface or the bridge pier. When the hammer head 1 reaches the impact angle recorded by the encoder 6, that is, the set zero point, the clutch 8 disengages, and the hammer head 1 hits the bridge surface or the bridge pier. When the hammer head 1 hits the bridge surface or the bridge pier, the hammer handle spring 3 bends and deforms. At this moment, the hammer handle 4 rotates backward, but the hammer head 1 still hits the bridge surface or the bridge pier under the action of inertia. Then, the motor changes from forward rotation to reverse rotation. The clutch 8 engages. Driving the hammer handle 4 and the hammer head 1 components to rotate away from the bridge surface or the bridge pier. Driven by the hammer handle 4, the hammer head 1 moves away from the bridge surface or the bridge pier. In this way, the motor adds kinetic energy to the hammer head 1, and the hammer head 1 only makes one impact on the bridge surface or the bridge pier driven by the hammer handle 4, thus avoiding secondary impact.

[0058] In addition to ensuring the function of avoiding secondary impact, the hammer handle 4 spring can also protect the motor components. When the hammer head 1 hits the bridge surface or the bridge pier, since the materials of the hammer head 1 and the bridge surface or the bridge pier are unknown, the bouncing state after the two collide cannot be calculated. If the hammer handle 4 and the hammer head 1 are rigidly connected, the impact force between the hammer head 1 and the bridge surface or the bridge pier will cause the motor to be in an overload state and damage the motor components. Using the hammer handle 4 spring, the impact between the hammer head 1 and the bridge surface or the bridge pier can be buffered through deformation to protect the motor components.

[0059] The impact data between the hammer head 1 and the bridge surface or the bridge pier is collected by the sensor between the hammer head 1 and the hammer head connecting piece 2 and transmitted to the upper computer.

[0060] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention solves the limitation that to increase the impact energy, the mass of the impact hammer or the falling distance of the impact hammer needs to be increased, by driving the impact hammer to rotate with a motor. By driving the impact hammer to rotate with a motor, the energy when the hammer head impacts the bridge deck or pier can be quantified. Compared with other impact devices, for a certain impact energy, the present invention requires less use space when the mass of the impact hammer is the same. For a certain impact energy, the impact hammer required by the present invention has the smallest mass when the use space is the same. When the bridge deck or pier is narrow, the present invention has high applicability. When the bridge is damaged, the burden on the bridge is lower when the present invention is used.

[0061] Through the cooperation of the hammer handle spring, motor and clutch, it is ensured that the hammer head only impacts the bridge deck or pier once. At the same time, it can protect the motor components from impact overload when the hammer head impacts the bridge deck or pier.

[0062] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the drawings are only schematic diagrams of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing the present invention.

[0063] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, they are described relatively simply, and the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the method embodiments. The device and system embodiments described above are only illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without creative efforts.

[0064] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any change or replacement that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rotary force hammer device for bridge inspection, characterized in that, Comprising: Hammer head (1), hammer head connecting member (2), hammer handle spring (3), hammer handle (4), hammer handle connecting member (5), encoder (6), rotating shaft (7), clutch (8), large gear (9), motor gear (10), control box (15) and force sensor (16); The hammer head (1) is connected to the hammer head connecting member (2) through the force sensor (16), the hammer head connecting member (2) is connected to the hammer handle (4), a section of hammer handle spring (3) is arranged on the hammer handle (4), the hammer handle (4) is connected to the hammer handle connecting member (5), the data line of the force sensor (16) passes through the interiors of the hammer head connecting member (2) and the hammer handle (4) and is connected to the control box (15), the rotating shaft (7) is serially connected to the hammer handle connecting member (5), the clutch (8) and the large gear (9), the hammer handle connecting member (5), the clutch (8) and the large gear (9) rotate along the rotating shaft (7), the hammer handle connecting member (5) is connected to the clutch (8), the clutch (8) is connected to the large gear (9), the large gear (9) meshes with the motor gear (10), and the large gear (9) drives the hammer handle connecting member (5) to rotate through the clutch (8); The device further comprises: motor box (11), vehicle frame (12), wheels (13) and battery box (14); The motor gear (10) is connected to the motor box (11), the rotating shaft (7) and the motor box (11) are fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (12), the motor box (11) drives the large gear (9) to rotate through the motor gear (10), and the battery pack in the battery box (14) powers the entire device; The clutch comprises two disks that can be separated or engaged. One disk is rigidly connected to the hammer handle connecting member, and the other disk is rigidly connected to the large gear. When the two disks of the clutch are engaged, the large gear can drive the hammer handle connecting member to rotate. When the two disks of the clutch are separated, the hammer handle connecting member rotates freely.

2. A method for using a rotary force hammer device for bridge detection, characterized in that, Applicable to the device according to claim 1, the method comprises: Initially, push the vehicle frame (12) to the bridge surface or near the bridge pier to be detected, lock the wheels (13), rotate the hammer handle (4) so that the hammer head (1) contacts the bridge surface or the bridge pier, and the encoder (6) collects the current angle, which is set as the zero angle; Rotate the hammer handle (4) in a direction away from the bridge surface or the bridge pier until the hammer handle (4) contacts the vehicle frame (12). Input the energy required for impact as needed in the upper computer in the control box (15). The upper computer calculates the required rotational speed of the motor, the upper computer issues a working command, the motor rotates at the set rotational speed, drives the large gear (9), the clutch (8), the hammer handle (4) and the hammer head (1) to rotate at a predetermined rotational speed, and hits the bridge surface or the bridge pier. When the hammer head (1) reaches the zero angle recorded by the encoder (6), the clutch (8) disconnects, and the hammer head (1) impacts the bridge surface; then, the motor changes from forward rotation to reverse rotation, the clutch (8) engages, and drives the hammer handle (4) and the hammer head (1) to rotate in a direction away from the bridge surface or the bridge pier.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The method further comprises: When the hammer head (1) strikes the bridge deck or pier, the hammer handle spring (3) bends and deforms, and the hammer handle (4) rotates backward. The impact between the hammer head (1) and the bridge deck or pier is buffered by the bending deformation of the hammer handle spring (3).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Taking the impact data between the hammer head (1) and the bridge deck through the force sensor (16) between the hammer head (1) and the hammer head connecting piece (2), and transmitting the impact data to the upper computer in the control box (15).

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The relationship between the motor speed and the impact energy of the hammer head (1) is as follows. The impact impulse can select different hammer head materials to obtain different contact times to increase or decrease the impulse, and protect the impacted structural surface from damage: In the formula: J is the energy of the hammer head impacting the bridge deck, in joules (J); m is the equivalent mass of the head and the hammer handle, in kilograms (kg); k is the ratio of the number of motor gears to the number of large gears; is the angular velocity of the motor, unit: rad / s; r is the distance from the center line of the rotating shaft to the center line of the hammer head, in meters (m).

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