A stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face

Abstract

The present invention discloses a stress loading experimental device based on a coal seam mining face, which comprises: an experimental table; an upper body fixed on the upper end face of the experimental table, and an outer box door is rotatably connected to one side of the upper body for storing and accessing coal and rock samples; an adjusting support device arranged inside the upper body for tightly supporting the coal and rock samples so that the coal and rock samples can be suspended inside the upper body; a transverse stress loading component horizontally penetrating through the upper body, and the transverse stress loading component is used for horizontally loading stress on the coal and rock samples; and vertical stress loading components, which are two groups symmetrically arranged up and down, and the two groups of vertical stress loading components perform independent displacement movements and can perform multi-point vertical stress loading on the coal and rock samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a stress loading experimental device based on a coal seam mining face. Background Art

[0002] Due to coal seam mining, the structure of coal and rock masses changes, generating a large number of fissures. In the coal seam mining face area, gas flow channels are formed, and the permeability of the original coal and rock masses changes with the coal seam mining effect; the coal pillars or other geological structures near the coal seam mining face are also affected by mining. At present, domestic experiments on coal seam mining faces mainly focus on studying the mechanical properties and deformation and failure characteristics of coal seams under uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial and other uniform loadings; however, in the prior art, ordinary electro-hydraulic servo loading equipment is mostly used for stress loading experiments, which is difficult to generate dense and non-uniform stress on a small area, and there is no other experimental equipment to achieve multi-directional precise stress loading under servo control; resulting in single experimental simulation and insufficient data authority; Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a stress loading experimental device based on a coal seam mining face to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A stress loading experimental device based on a coal seam mining face, which includes:

[0004] An experimental table;

[0005] An upper body, fixed on the upper end surface of the experimental table, and one side of the upper body is rotatably connected with an outer box door for storing and retrieving coal and rock samples;

[0006] An adjusting support frame device, arranged inside the upper body, for tightly supporting the coal and rock samples so that the coal and rock samples can be suspended inside the upper body;

[0007] A transverse stress loading component, transversely penetrating through the upper body, and the transverse stress loading component is used for transversely loading stress on the coal and rock samples; and

[0008] Vertical stress loading components, two groups are symmetrically arranged up and down, and the two groups of vertical stress loading components move independently in displacement and can perform multi-point vertical stress loading on the coal and rock samples.

[0009] Further, as a preference, the adjusting support frame device includes:

[0010] A top position member;

[0011] Electric telescopic rods are vertically and symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the upper machine body. The output ends of the electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the top-positioning members, and the top-positioning members are abutted against the edges of the coal and rock samples; and

[0012] A receiving net member; is connected between adjacent said top-positioning members.

[0013] Further, as a preference, it further includes:

[0014] A linear oscillator is vertically embedded and fixed in the middle of the top-positioning member. The output end of the linear oscillator slidably penetrates through the top-positioning member. The lower end surface of the top-positioning member is connected with a contact bottom plate through an inner spring, and the linear oscillator is connected with the contact bottom plate.

[0015] Further, as a preference, the vertical stress loading assembly has the same structure as the horizontal stress loading assembly. Among them, the vertical stress loading assembly includes:

[0016] Fixed brackets are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper machine body;

[0017] Guide rods are horizontally connected between the fixed brackets;

[0018] Sliding sleeves are arranged in multiple rows. Each of the sliding sleeves is slidably arranged on the guide rod;

[0019] Gradient stress loading devices are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of the sliding sleeves. The gradient stress loading devices are vertically fixed on the sliding sleeves; and

[0020] Dynamic stress loading devices are arranged at the output ends of the gradient stress loading devices. The dynamic stress loading devices are rotatably installed on the gradient stress loading devices.

[0021] Further, as a preference, the gradient stress loading device includes:

[0022] A hydraulic telescopic cylinder;

[0023] A loading plate is fixed at the output end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder;

[0024] An external connection seat is coaxially fixed on the lower end surface of the loading plate.

[0025] Further, as a preference, the dynamic stress loading device includes:

[0026] An outer bracket is configured in an arc structure. The outer bracket is fixed on the upper end surface of the loading plate;

[0027] Mounting support members are slidably arranged on the outer bracket,

[0028] A top strut, coaxially arranged on the mounting bracket in a relatively slidable manner;

[0029] A stabilizing member, rotatably and embeddedly arranged in the middle of the loading disc. One end of the top strut is slidably inserted through the stabilizing member. There is a concave position in the middle of the external connection seat, and one end of the top strut is inserted into the concave position;

[0030] A positioning member, hinged to one end of the top strut far from the mounting bracket;

[0031] Linkage rods, vertically and symmetrically arranged on the mounting member in a relatively slidable manner. One end of the linkage rod is connected to the top strut;

[0032] Air pressure tubes, horizontally and symmetrically fixed on the mounting member;

[0033] An inner piston, hermetically arranged in the air pressure tube in a relatively slidable manner. One end of the inner piston is connected to the linkage rod through a support rod; and

[0034] A pressure increasing and drainage assembly, arranged on the mounting member. One end of the pressure increasing and drainage assembly is communicated with each of the air pressure tubes.

[0035] Furthermore, as a preference, a support spring is also connected between the linkage rod and the top strut.

[0036] Furthermore, as a preference, the pressure increasing and drainage assembly includes:

[0037] An inner drainage chamber, fixed on the mounting member. Two inner drainage cavities are symmetrically arranged in the inner drainage chamber;

[0038] An inner connection plug, arranged in the inner drainage cavity in a relatively slidable manner;

[0039] A fine adjustment telescopic rod, arranged in the inner drainage chamber and connected to one of the inner connection plugs; and

[0040] A driving shaft, arranged in the inner drainage chamber in a relatively rotatable manner. A transmission rod is hinged on the driving shaft, and one end of the transmission rod is connected to the other inner connection plug.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] In the present invention, a vertical stress loading component and a horizontal stress loading component are provided outside the upper body, which are used to perform a triaxial stress loading experiment on a coal and rock sample. Among them, mainly multiple gradient stress loading devices perform stress loading from different positions. At the same time, a dynamic stress loading device is also provided on each gradient stress loading device. The dynamic stress loading device can independently or cooperate with the gradient stress loading device to perform multi-directional non-vertical stress loading work, so as to achieve multi-point non-symmetric stress loading work on the coal and rock sample, in order to truly restore and simulate the real situation of stress loading on the coal seam mining face. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting support device in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical stress loading component in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the gradient stress loading device in the present invention

[0047] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic stress loading device in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressurization and drainage component in the present invention;

[0049] In the figure: 1 experimental bench, 2 upper body, 3 adjusting support device, 31 top position member, 32 electric telescopic rod, 33 receiving net member, 4 vertical stress loading component, 41 fixed bracket, 42 guide rod, 43 sliding sleeve, 5 horizontal stress loading component, 6 gradient stress loading device, 61 hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 62 loading plate, 63 external connection seat, 7 dynamic stress loading device, 71 external bracket, 72 installation support member, 73 top support rod, 74 stabilizing member, 75 positioning member, 76 support spring, 77 air pressure pipe, 78 inner piston, 8 pressurization and drainage component, 81 inner drainage cavity, 82 inner connection plug, 83 drive shaft, 84 transmission rod. Detailed Embodiment

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a stress loading experiment device based on a coal seam mining face includes:

[0051] experimental bench 1;

[0052] upper body 2, fixed on the upper end surface of the experimental bench 1, and an outer box door is rotatably connected to one side of the upper body 2 for storing and retrieving coal and rock samples;

[0053] An adjustable support device 3 is arranged inside the upper body 2 and is used to fasten and support the coal and rock samples so that the coal and rock samples can be suspended inside the upper body 2;

[0054] A transverse stress loading component 5 is transversely connected to the upper body 2, and the transverse stress loading component 5 is used to load stress transversely on the coal and rock samples; and

[0055] The vertical stress loading components 4 are two groups symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower manner. The two groups of vertical stress loading components 4 show independent displacement movement and can perform multi-point vertical stress loading on coal and rock samples. Since most coal mines have complex structures and faults developed inside, the fault cutting destroys the integrity of the rock strata, resulting in a significant change in mining stress when the working face advances toward the fault. Therefore, in order to truly restore the stress loading conditions at the simulated coal and rock mining face, multiple lateral stress loading components and vertical stress loading components need to cooperate with each other to perform stress loading work in different directions.

[0056] In this embodiment, the adjustable support device 3 includes:

[0057] Top member 31;

[0058] The electric telescopic rods 32 are vertically symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the upper body 2, the output ends of the electric telescopic rods 32 are connected and fixed to the top position member 31, and the top position member 31 abuts against the edge of the coal and rock sample; and

[0059] The receiving mesh member 33 is connected between the adjacent top members 31, and the top members are respectively pressed against the corners of the coal and rock samples through the telescopic effect of the electric telescopic rod, thereby realizing the overhead fixation of the coal and rock samples.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0061] A linear oscillator 34 is vertically embedded and fixed in the middle of the top member 31. The output end of the linear oscillator 34 is slidably connected to the top member 31. The lower end surface of the top member 31 is connected to a contact bottom plate through an inner spring (not shown in the figure). The linear oscillator 34 is connected to the contact bottom plate. In the overhead positioning of the coal rock sample, in order to ensure its firm positioning, the linear oscillator can perform vertical oscillation when the coal rock sample is placed between the contact bottom plates. At this time, the electric telescopic rod can be gradually extended and retracted and the contact bottom plate can clamp and position the coal rock sample; especially in the coal rock stress loading experiment, the linear oscillation can output different oscillation frequencies from each point to the inside of the coal rock sample, thereby restoring the simulated stress changes inside the coal seam mining surface.

[0062] In this embodiment, the vertical stress loading assembly 4 has the same structure as the horizontal stress loading assembly 5. Among them, the vertical stress loading assembly 4 includes:

[0063] A fixed bracket 41, vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper body 2;

[0064] A guide rod 42, horizontally connected between the fixed brackets 41;

[0065] A plurality of sliding sleeves 43 are arranged in a row, and each sliding sleeve 43 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 42;

[0066] A gradient stress loading device 6, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each sliding sleeve 43, and the gradient stress loading device 6 is vertically fixed on the sliding sleeve 43; and

[0067] A dynamic stress loading device 7, arranged at the output end of the gradient stress loading device 6, and the dynamic stress loading device 7 is relatively deflectably installed on the gradient stress loading device 6.

[0068] In this embodiment, the gradient stress loading device 6 includes:

[0069] A hydraulic telescopic cylinder 61;

[0070] A loading disk 62, fixed at the output end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 61;

[0071] An external connection seat 63, coaxially fixed on the lower end surface of the loading disk 62.

[0072] In this embodiment, the dynamic stress loading device 7 includes:

[0073] An outer bracket 71, configured as an arc-shaped structure, and the outer bracket 71 is fixed on the upper end surface of the loading disk 62;

[0074] An installation support member 72, slidably arranged on the outer bracket 71,

[0075] A top support rod 73, coaxially and slidably arranged on the installation bracket 72,;

[0076] A stabilizing member 74, rotatably embedded in the middle of the loading disk 62, one end of the top support rod 73 slidably passes through the stabilizing member 74, and a concave position is provided in the middle of the external connection seat 63, and one end of the top support rod 73 passes through the concave position;

[0077] A positioning member 75, hinged to one end of the top support rod 73 far from the installation bracket 72;

[0078] The linkage rod is vertically symmetrically arranged on the mounting support 72 and can slide relative to each other. One end of the linkage rod is connected to the top support rod 73;

[0079] The pneumatic tube 77 is horizontally symmetrically fixed on the mounting support 72;

[0080] The inner piston 78 is hermetically arranged in the pneumatic tube 77 and can slide relative to each other. One end of the inner piston 78 is connected to the linkage rod through a support rod; and

[0081] The pressurization and drainage assembly 8 is arranged on the mounting support 72. One end of the pressurization and drainage assembly 8 is communicated with each pneumatic tube 77. Among them, by synchronously inputting and discharging gas to each pneumatic tube through the pressurization and drainage assembly, the inner piston can move relative to each other, and during the displacement, the linkage rod is driven to slide by the support rod, so that the top support rod can apply different magnitudes of stress. Herein, the loading orientation can be adjusted by the deflection of the mounting support along the outer support.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment, a support spring 76 is further connected between the linkage rod and the top support rod 73.

[0083] In this embodiment, the pressurization and drainage assembly 8 includes:

[0084] The inner drainage chamber is fixed on the mounting support 72, and two inner drainage cavities 81 are symmetrically arranged in the inner drainage chamber;

[0085] The inner connecting plug 82 is arranged in the inner drainage cavity 81 and can slide relative to each other;

[0086] The fine adjustment telescopic rod is arranged in the inner drainage chamber and is connected to one of the inner connecting plugs 82; and

[0087] The drive shaft 83 is arranged in the inner drainage chamber and can rotate relative to each other. A transmission rod 84 is hinged on the drive shaft 83. One end of the transmission rod 84 is connected to the other inner connecting plug 82. It should be noted that by the rotation of the drive shaft, the inner connecting plug can slide reciprocally, and during the displacement, each inner piston is driven to reciprocate along the pneumatic tube synchronously, so as to realize the dynamic stress loading experiment. The fine adjustment telescopic rod can effectively control the initial air pressure intensity in each pneumatic tube and make real-time adjustment during the dynamic stress loading, so that the top support rod can adjust the loading stress range.

[0088] Specifically, in the stress loading experiment, coal and rock samples are extracted based on the coal seam mining face. The coal and rock samples are suspended in the upper machine body by adjusting the support device. At this time, the gradient stress loading devices in the lateral stress loading component and the vertical stress loading component are slid and positioned for adjustment, and vertical stress loading is carried out. The dynamic stress loading device performs non-vertical stress loading work from different cutting orientations, so as to achieve multi-point asymmetric stress loading on the coal and rock samples, in order to restore the stress change situation of the coal seam mining face.

[0089] As described above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face, characterized in that: Comprising: A test bench (1); An upper body (2) fixed to the upper end surface of the test bench (1), and an outer box door is rotatably connected to one side of the upper body (2) for storing and retrieving coal and rock samples; An adjusting support device (3) arranged inside the upper body (2) for firmly supporting a coal and rock sample so that the coal and rock sample can be suspended inside the upper body (2); A transverse stress loading assembly (5) horizontally penetrating through the upper body (2), and the transverse stress loading assembly (5) is used for applying a transverse loading stress to the coal and rock sample; Vertical stress loading assemblies (4), two sets symmetrically arranged up and down, and the two vertical stress loading assemblies (4) perform independent displacement movements and can apply vertical loading stresses at multiple points to the coal and rock sample; The vertical stress loading assembly (4) has the same structure as the transverse stress loading assembly (5), wherein the vertical stress loading assembly (4) includes: Fixed brackets (41) vertically and symmetrically fixed at both sides of the upper body (2); Guide rods (42) horizontally connected between the fixed brackets (41); Sliding sleeves (43), a plurality of which are arranged in a row, and each sliding sleeve (43) is slidably arranged on the guide rod (42); Gradient stress loading devices (6) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each sliding sleeve (43), and the gradient stress loading devices (6) are vertically fixed on the sliding sleeves (43); Dynamic stress loading devices (7) arranged at the output ends of the gradient stress loading devices (6), and the dynamic stress loading devices (7) are rotatably and relatively installed on the gradient stress loading devices (6); The gradient stress loading device (6) includes: A hydraulic telescopic cylinder (61); A loading plate (62) fixed to the output end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (61); An external connection seat (63) coaxially fixed to the lower end surface of the loading plate (62); The dynamic stress loading device (7) includes: An outer bracket (71) configured in an arc structure, and the outer bracket (71) is fixed to the upper end surface of the loading plate (62); An installation support member (72) slidably arranged on the outer bracket (71); A top support rod (73) coaxially slidably arranged on the installation support member (72); A stabilizing member (74) rotatably embedded in the middle of the loading plate (62), one end of the top support rod (73) slidably penetrates through the stabilizing member (74), and an inner concave portion is provided in the middle of the external connection seat (63), and one end of the top support rod (73) penetrates through the inner concave portion; A positioning member (75) hinged to one end of the top support rod (73) away from the installation support member (72); Linking rods symmetrically arranged vertically and slidably on the installation support member (72), and one end of the linking rod is connected to the top support rod (73); Air pressure tubes (77) horizontally and symmetrically fixed on the installation support member (72); An inner piston (78) slidably and sealingly arranged in the air pressure tube (77), and one end of the inner piston (78) is connected to the linking rod through a support rod; The pressurizing and drainage assembly (8) is arranged on the mounting support (72), and one end of the pressurizing and drainage assembly (8) is communicated with each of the pneumatic pipes (77).

2. The stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face according to claim 1, wherein: The adjusting support device (3) includes: A top positioning member (31); Electric telescopic rods (32) are vertically and symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the upper body (2). The output ends of the electric telescopic rods (32) are fixedly connected to the top positioning member (31), and the top positioning member (31) abuts against the edge of the coal and rock sample. A receiving mesh member (33) is connected between adjacent top positioning members (31).

3. The stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting support device (3) further includes: A linear oscillator (34) is vertically embedded and fixed in the middle of the top positioning member (31). The output end of the linear oscillator (34) slidably penetrates through the top positioning member (31). A contact bottom plate is connected to the lower end surface of the top positioning member (31) through an inner spring, and the linear oscillator (34) is connected to the contact bottom plate.

4. The stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support spring (76) is also connected between the linkage rod and the opposing strut (73).

5. The stress loading experimental device based on the coal seam mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing and drainage assembly (8) includes: An inner discharge and delivery bin is fixed on the mounting support (72), and two inner discharge cavities (81) are symmetrically arranged inside the inner discharge and delivery bin. An inner connecting plug (82) is slidably arranged inside the inner discharge cavity (81). A fine adjustment telescopic rod is arranged inside the inner discharge and delivery bin and is connected to one of the inner connecting plugs (82). A drive shaft (83) is rotatably arranged inside the inner discharge and delivery bin. A transmission rod (84) is hinged on the drive shaft (83), and one end of the transmission rod (84) is connected to the other inner connecting plug (82).

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