Polishing pill and compression molding device

Abstract

The application relates to the polishing technology production field and discloses a polishing pill and a pressing forming device thereof, which comprises the following components: cerium oxide 97-98.5%, copper powder 1-0.5%, glass fiber powder 1-0.5%, polyglycerol 1-0.5%, and the polishing pill is pressed after the above components are hot mixed; the polishing pill is in the shape of a flat cylinder, honeycomb holes are distributed on the round end face, and the honeycomb holes penetrate through the polishing pill; the application has high grinding rate, excellent polishing performance, obvious performance advantages, no temperature change in the polishing process, the problems of soft and hard change of the polishing pill, the problems of edge collapse and the problems of light circle are avoided; and the service performance of precision parts is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the polishing technology production field, and particularly relates to a polishing pill and a pressing forming device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cerium oxide polishing powder is widely used for glass polishing, and has the advantages of strong cutting force, short polishing time, long service life and high polishing precision. The cerium oxide polishing powder is divided into low cerium polishing powder, medium cerium polishing powder and high cerium polishing powder according to the content of cerium oxide, and the cutting force and service life thereof are also from low to high. The main component of the cerium oxide polishing powder is cerium dioxide (CeO2), and the secondary components are lanthanum oxide (La2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr2O3) and lanthanum oxyfluoride (LaOF), and the cerium oxide polishing powder also contains trace amounts of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide.

[0003] At present, the method for polishing the surface of glass, ceramic, metal and other materials is to use cloth wheels or vegetable cloth without abrasive polishing materials to polish, and polishing powder needs to be added to the surface of the polished material during the polishing process. In this way, the polishing powder is easily thrown out, which results in serious waste of polishing materials, slow polishing brightness, low polishing efficiency, and high polishing cost.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art presses the polishing powder into a polishing pill in the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of less than 200 mm, which is used for rough grinding and fine grinding of glass, ceramic, lenses and chips. When the polishing pill is used, complete adhesion to the surface of the polished material will cause local temperature rise, for example, the temperature of the innermost circle is higher than that of the edge, and uneven temperature will cause the polishing pill to have a collapsed edge, and also cause the polishing pill to have different hardness. The collapsed edge will not only form a light circle on the surface of the processed precision part, but also cause the light circle to be unstable, which will seriously affect the use performance of the precision part. Different hardness will seriously affect the grinding rate, and poor grinding rate will cause a very realistic problem, that is, no real productivity. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a polishing pill and a pressing forming device thereof, which solve the problems of uneven temperature, collapsed edge, different hardness and light circle in the polishing process.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a polishing pill comprises the following components: 97-98.5% of cerium oxide, 1-0.5% of copper powder, 1-0.5% of glass fiber powder and 1-0.5% of polyglycerol. The above components are hot mixed and pressed into a polishing pill. The polishing pill is in the shape of a flat cylinder, and has honeycomb holes distributed on the circular end face, and the honeycomb holes penetrate through the polishing pill.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the application has grinding rate, precision polishing, superior performance, no temperature change in the polishing process, avoids the problem of polishing pill soft and hard change, avoids the problem of edge collapse, avoids the problem of light circle; the addition of components not only enhances the water and sulfur resistance of the polishing pill, but also enhances the thermoplasticity of the polishing pill, the prepared polishing pill has good adhesion, good lubricity and good dispersion, making the grinding smooth; by limiting the shape of the polishing pill, the problem of uneven temperature is avoided, the consistency of the polishing pill is ensured, the problem of unstable light circle is eliminated, and the use performance of the precision part is ensured.

[0008] A method for processing the above polishing pill, comprising the following steps: (1) adding cerium oxide 97-98.5%, copper powder 1-0.5%, glass fiber powder 1-0.5%, and polyglycerol 1-0.5% into a heating kettle in sequence, setting the temperature to 170°C, and mixing for 30min to obtain a wet powder mixture; (2) adding the above mixture into a molding device to press into a polishing pill, setting the pressing pressure to 100kg / 0.9cm 2 ; the particle size of the cerium oxide is 30μm, the particle size of the copper powder is 10μm, and the particle size of the glass fiber powder is 9μm.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the method can produce polishing pills with superior performance, effectively solving the problems of uneven temperature, edge collapse, different softness and hardness, and light circle in the prior art.

[0010] Further, the component ratio is: cerium oxide 97%, copper powder 1%, glass fiber powder 1%, and polyglycerol 1%.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: by limiting the addition amount of each component, the radial strength and axial strength of the polishing pill are optimized, and the performance is superior and obvious.

[0012] A pressing molding device applied to the above polishing pill, comprising a hot mixing mechanism, a quantitative mechanism, and a pressing die; the hot mixing mechanism is used for mixing cerium oxide, copper powder, glass fiber powder, and polyglycerol and heating, and switching the conveying direction to push out the mixture; the quantitative mechanism is used for controlling the quantitative discharge of the mixture; and the pressing die is used for extruding the quantitative mixture to form a honeycomb type polishing pill.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the device can produce the above polishing pill, the production process meets the process requirements, the prepared polishing pill meets the set index, and provides a strong guarantee for the precision polishing of precision parts.

[0014] Further, the hot mixing mechanism comprises a rack composed of a U-shaped plate and an L-shaped plate arranged at the bottom surface of the U-shaped plate; two first rotating shafts arranged side by side are connected to the vertical section of the U-shaped plate through bearings; the side wall of the first rotating shaft is welded with first spiral blades matched with each other, and the shaft end of the first rotating shaft is connected with first gears matched with each other through keys, and one of the first gears is driven by a first motor; two second rotating shafts arranged side by side are connected to the vertical section of the U-shaped plate through bearings, and the second rotating shafts are located directly below the first rotating shafts; the side wall of the second rotating shaft is welded with second spiral blades matched with each other, and the shaft end of the second rotating shaft is connected with second gears matched with each other through keys, and one of the second gears is driven by a second motor; the first spiral blades and the second spiral blades are arranged in the cabinet, the cabinet is fixedly connected with the rack, and the material flow channel of the cabinet is a rounded rectangle, which is matched with the two spiral blades; the two ends of the two material flow channels are provided with circulating flow channels, and the circulating flow channels communicate with the material flow channels; the top surface of the cabinet is provided with a feeding port, and a feeding hopper is arranged on the feeding port; the top surface of the cabinet is provided with a discharging port, and a conveying pipeline is arranged on the discharging port; the outer surface of the cabinet is a plane, and an electric heating plate is arranged on the outer surface of the cabinet.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are that the hot mixing mechanism can not only circulate and stir the mixture, but also heat the mixture to obtain a wet powder mixture, and further extrude the wet powder mixture from the discharging port.

[0016] Further, the quantitative mechanism comprises a first bin connected with the conveying pipeline, and the first bin is in the shape of a bell; a cylinder is welded to the bottom surface of the first bin, and the cylinder is composed of a fan-shaped section at the lower part and a rectangular section at the upper part, and the joint between the two sections is communicated; an eccentric wheel is rotatably connected to the center of the fan-shaped section of the cylinder, the eccentric wheel is driven by a third motor, a crank is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel, a piston head is rotatably connected to the free end of the crank, the piston head is slidably connected with the rectangular section of the cylinder, the piston head is in the shape of an inverted U, and a vertically upward push rod is welded to the horizontal section of the piston head; a discharging port is arranged on the top surface of the rectangular section of the cylinder, and the discharging port communicates the cylinder with the first bin, and a blocking ball is placed on the discharging port; a discharging port is arranged on the side wall of the rectangular section of the cylinder, and an inclined downward discharging pipe is arranged on the discharging port.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are that when the piston head is in the upward stroke, the push rod pushes the blocking ball to open, the wet powder mixture is quantitatively fed into the rectangular section of the cylinder, when the piston head is in the downward stroke, the horizontal section of the piston head is flush with the bottom edge of the discharging port, and the wet powder mixture is quantitatively discharged from the discharging port and into the discharging pipe.

[0018] Further, the pressing die comprises a fixed die, a movable die, the fixed die is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open, the internal cavity of the fixed die is in the shape of a cylinder, and a round opening is arranged on the side wall of the fixed die and is communicated with the discharge pipe; a supporting leg is fixed to the side wall of the fixed die, the supporting leg is arranged on the linear motor, a movable die is arranged on the moving block of the linear motor, the movable die is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open, the internal cavity of the movable die is in the shape of a cylinder, and the movable die and the fixed die form a fully enclosed cylinder after the opening of the movable die is opposite to the opening of the fixed die; a square groove is arranged at the center of the movable die, a ejector rod is inserted into the square groove, the shape of the end of the ejector rod is matched with the square groove, the outer end of the ejector rod is fixed by a fastening bolt; the free end of the ejector rod is flush with the opening of the movable die, a pressing plate is welded to the free end of the ejector rod, the shape of the pressing plate is a circle, the diameter of the pressing plate is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the movable die, a plurality of hexagonal rods are evenly welded to the outer surface of the pressing plate, and the free ends of the hexagonal rods are in abutment with the inner end face of the fixed die; a gas disc is slidably connected to the side wall of the ejector rod, the shape of the gas disc is a circle, and the diameter of the gas disc is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the movable die; a mold taking head is welded to the side wall of the gas disc, the mold taking head is in the shape of a barrel, the side wall of the mold taking head is slidably matched with the cavity of the movable die, the opening edge of the mold taking head is not in abutment with the inner end face of the movable die, and a distance is left for arranging a gas conveying pipe, a hexagonal hole matched with the hexagonal rod is arranged on the end face of the mold taking head, so that the mold taking head slides along the hexagonal rod; a compression spring is arranged on the side wall of the ejector rod, and the compression spring is elastically connected between the gas disc and the pressing plate; a gas conveying pipe is arranged on the side wall of the movable die, the position of the gas conveying pipe is between the gap between the mold taking head and the inner end face of the movable die, and the number of the gas conveying pipe is two, one of which is connected with an air inlet control valve, and the air path can be inflated by an air compressor, and the other is connected with an air outlet control valve, and the air path can be exhausted by a negative pressure pump.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the wet powder mixture can be pressed into a honeycomb polishing pellet by pressing the movable die into the fixed die; the mold taking head and the pressing plate are continuously in abutment by setting the compression spring, which has the function of resetting; after the polishing pellet is pressed and formed, the cavity of the movable die is inflated, the pressure drives the compression spring to contract, and the mold taking head pushes the polishing pellet on the hexagonal rod down, so that the polishing pellet is automatically taken down.

[0020] Further, an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the inner ring of the gas disc, the side wall of the mold taking head, and the opening face of the movable die.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the air tightness of the pressing is ensured by setting the O-shaped sealing ring.

[0022] Further, the inner end face of the fixed die is in the shape of a round corner, and the inner opening edge of the fixed die is in the shape of a round corner.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that by limiting the inner end face structure of the fixed die head, the discharge resistance of the polished pellet can be reduced, and the fullness of the product during pressing is better; by limiting the inner opening edge structure of the fixed die head, the die head guide can be given, and the accuracy of the die head entering can be ensured.

[0024] Further, the side wall of the fixed die head is provided with a gas port, the gas port is located at the top, a slot is laterally provided in the gas port, and a semi-permeable membrane is installed in the slot; the gas port is connected with an exhaust control valve through a gas conveying pipe, and the gas path can be pumped by a negative pressure pump.

[0025] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that by setting the semi-permeable membrane, the mixture can be prevented from being pumped out without affecting the pumping; the compactness of the polished pellet is further increased during pressing, the air bubble problem is eliminated, and the quality of the polished pellet is improved.

[0026] Further, the inner end face of the fixed die head is provided with a T-shaped hole, the T-shaped hole is a rotary structure, and the opening position corresponds to the hexagonal rod one by one; a cleaning seat is placed in the T-shaped hole in a wedge shape, the cleaning seat is in the shape of a cylinder, and the end face of the cleaning seat is flush with the inner end face of the fixed die head, a semicircular groove is processed on one end face of the cleaning seat, and the other end face of the cleaning seat is fixed in the T-shaped hole through a positioning bolt; a semicircular ball is fixed to the free end of the hexagonal rod, and the spherical surface of the semicircular ball is matched with the semicircular groove.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that by setting the semicircular ball and the cleaning seat, the semicircular ball extrudes the mixture, the mixture is quickly discharged outward from the cleaning seat, and no flattened mixture is generated, the movable die head can be fully closed, the honeycomb holes of the polished pellet formed by pressing are completely penetrated, and the quality of the polished pellet is good.

[0028] Further, the side wall of the fixed die head is provided with a powder spraying port, and the powder spraying port is located at the top; the powder spraying port is provided with a Y-shaped pipe, the straight pipe port of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with a copper powder tank, the inclined pipe port of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with an air inlet control valve, the gas path can be inflated by an air compressor; an electromagnetic valve is installed on the straight pipe section and the inclined pipe section of the Y-shaped pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled by a pressure switch arranged on the opening face of the fixed die head.

[0029] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that the electromagnetic valve is opened by the extrusion of the pressure switch of the movable die head, the copper powder is brought into the fixed die head, is uniformly adhered to the surface of the fixed die head and the hexagonal rod, can be attached to the surface of the polished pellet during pressing, forms a planar copper powder surface, and is pressed into the surface, can increase the structural strength of the polished pellet, and is more wear-resistant.

[0030] Further, the surface of the hexagonal rod is provided with micropores, and the micropores are uniformly distributed; the inside of the pressing plate is provided with a powder feeding channel for supplying powder to the micropores; the inside of the ejector rod is provided with a main flow channel, and the main flow channel is connected with a copper powder tank and an air inlet control valve, and the gas circuit can be inflated by an air compressor.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the further scheme are that the copper powder tank continuously supplies copper powder to the micropores, the air compressor pressurizes the copper powder, and the copper powder is sent to the micropores but not sprayed out; during pressing, the mixture moves in the die head, the mixture carries out the copper powder in the micropores when moving, forms a linear and slightly expanded copper powder surface, and is pressed into the surface, which can increase the structural strength of the polished pellet and is more wear-resistant.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are high grinding rate, excellent polishing performance, and obvious performance advantages; during the polishing process, there is no temperature change, which avoids the problems of soft and hard changes of the polished pellet, avoids the problem of edge collapse, and avoids the problem of light circle; and the use performance of the precision part is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the polished pellet.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hot mixing mechanism.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the hot mixing mechanism.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the machine box.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the lower stroke of the metering mechanism.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the upper stroke of the metering mechanism.

[0041] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the metering mechanism.

[0042] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pressing die head.

[0043] Figure 11 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the pressing die head.

[0044] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the die head extending out.

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the die head.

[0046] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the semipermeable membrane.

[0047] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the hemisphere and the cleaning seat.

[0048] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hemisphere and the cleaning seat.

[0049] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the copper powder tank.

[0050] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gas pipeline from top view.

[0051] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the micropore in Example 2.

[0052] In the figure: 1. heat mixing mechanism; 2. quantitative mechanism; 3. pressing die; 4. frame; 5. U-shaped plate; 6. L-shaped plate; 7. first rotating shaft; 8. first spiral blade; 9. first gear; 10. first motor; 11. second rotating shaft; 12. second spiral blade; 13. second gear; 14. second motor; 15. chassis; 16. material flow channel; 17. circulation flow channel; 18. inlet; 19. feed hopper; 20. outlet; 21. material delivery pipeline; 22. electric heating plate; 23. first silo; 24. cylinder; 25. eccentric wheel; 26. third motor; 27. crank; 28. piston head; 29. ​​push rod; 30. blanking port; 31. blocking ball; 32. discharge port; 33. discharge pipe; 34. fixed die; 3 5. Moving die head; 36. Round mouth; 37. Support foot; 38. Linear motor; 39. Square slot; 40. Ejector rod; 41. Fastening bolt; 42. Press plate; 43. Hexagonal rod; 44. Air disc; 45. Die head; 46. Hexagonal hole; 47. Compression spring; 48. Air pipe; 49. Inlet control valve; 50. Exhaust control valve; 51. O-ring; 52. Air port; 53. Slot; 54. Semipermeable membrane; 55. T-hole; 56. Cleaning seat; 57. Semicircular groove; 58. Positioning bolt; 59. Semicircular ball; 60. Limit bolt; 61. Rubber head; 62. Powder spray port; 63. Y-tube; 64. Copper powder tank; 65. Solenoid valve; 66. Pressure switch; 67. Micropore; 68. Powder feeding channel; 69. Main channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein the same or like reference numerals and characters throughout the figures denote the same or like components or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are not intended to be limiting of the present application unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited herein.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0055] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] As Figure 1The polishing pill comprises the following components: cerium oxide 97-98.5%, copper powder 1-0.5%, glass fiber powder 1-0.5%, and polyglycerol 1-0.5%. The polishing pill is prepared by hot mixing the above components and then pressing. The polishing pill is in the shape of a flat cylinder, and a honeycomb hole (hexagon) is distributed on the circular end face. The honeycomb hole penetrates the polishing pill. The polishing pill is prepared by adding cerium oxide and copper powder under certain conditions. The polishing pill has the grinding rate of diamond and the fine polishing property of a polishing sheet. The performance is superior and obvious. The polishing pill will not change in hardness due to temperature change in the polishing process, and will not have the problem of edge collapse. In the polishing process, the problem of light circle is avoided. The glass fiber powder has a synergistic effect with the silicon element and the cerium element in the cerium oxide to form Ce-O-Si, which provides more acidic sites for the surface of the polishing pill and enhances the water and sulfur resistance of the polishing pill. The glass fiber powder can enhance the thermoplasticity of the polishing pill during hot pressing, avoiding the problem of edge collapse and corner drop during pressing. The polyglycerol can not only play a role in bonding the components during hot mixing, but also play a lubricating role during pressing, facilitating material discharge, and dispersing in water during polishing to make the grinding smooth. By limiting the shape of the polishing pill, a polishing surface with the same shape as the cylinder can be polished. The honeycomb hole makes the grinding area of the polishing pill smaller, reduces the grinding heat temperature of the polishing surface, and the cavities of the honeycomb hole can dissipate the heat of the polishing surface, avoiding the problem that the temperature of the innermost circle is higher than that of the edge. The temperature distribution is uniform, the cross section of the polishing pill is consistent, the grinding force is consistent, the problem of light circle is eliminated, and the performance of the precision part is ensured.

[0058] Further, a method for processing the polishing pill is provided, comprising the following steps: (1) cerium oxide 97-98.5%, copper powder 1-0.5%, glass fiber powder 1-0.5%, and polyglycerol 1-0.5% are sequentially added to a heating kettle and mixed, the temperature is set to 170°C, and the mixing time is 30 min to obtain a wet powder mixture; (2) the mixture is added to a molding device to press into a polishing pill, and the pressing pressure is set to 100 kg / 0.9 cm 2 .

[0059] Preferably, the particle size of cerium oxide is 30 μm, the particle size of copper powder is 10 μm, and the particle size of glass fiber powder is 9 μm.

[0060] Table 1 Influence of different proportions on the strength of the polishing pill

[0061]

[0062] Data analysis: As shown in Table 1, when the copper powder and glass fiber powder are both 0.1 kg, the polishing pellets produced have the best performance. At the same time, the copper powder at 0.1 kg has better strength than the glass fiber powder at 0.1 kg. Therefore, the copper powder has a better bonding effect than the glass fiber powder, and the synergistic effect of the two is better.

[0063] Screening results: The ingredient ratio is: 97% cerium oxide, 1% copper powder, 1% glass fiber powder, and 1% polyglycerol.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, further, a pressing and forming device for the polishing pills is proposed, comprising a heat mixing mechanism 1, a quantitative mechanism 2, and a pressing die 3;

[0066] The heat mixing mechanism 1 is used to mix cerium oxide, copper powder, glass fiber powder, and polyglycerol and heat them, and switch the conveying direction to push the mixture out;

[0067] The quantitative mechanism 2 is used to control the quantitative discharge of the mixture;

[0068] The pressing die 3 is used to extrude a quantitative mixture to form honeycomb-type polishing pellets.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the thermal mixing mechanism 1 needs to have stirring and heating functions, the thermal mixing mechanism 1 includes a frame 4, such as Figure 4 As shown, the frame 4 is composed of a U-shaped plate 5 and an L-shaped plate 6 provided on the bottom surface of the U-shaped plate 5; Figure 6 As shown, the vertical section of the U-shaped plate 5 is connected to a first rotating shaft 7 through a bearing. There are two first rotating shafts 7, which are arranged side by side on the horizontal plane. The side walls of the first rotating shaft 7 are welded with mutually adapted first spiral blades 8. The shaft ends of the first rotating shaft 7 are connected to mutually meshing first gears 9 through keys. One of the first gears 9 is driven by a first motor 10, and the first motor 10 is fixed to the U-shaped plate 5. The vertical section of the U-shaped plate 5 is connected to a second rotating shaft 11 through a bearing, and the second rotating shaft 11 is located at the first rotating shaft 7, there are two second rotating shafts 11, which are arranged side by side on the horizontal plane; the side walls of the second rotating shafts 11 are welded with second spiral blades 12 that adapt to each other, and the shaft ends of the second rotating shafts 11 are connected with second gears 13 that mesh with each other through keys, one of the second gears 13 is driven by a second motor 14, and the second motor 14 is fixed to the U-shaped plate 5; the first spiral blade 8 and the second spiral blade 12 are arranged in a chassis 15, which is fixed to the frame 4 and is made of stainless steel. Figure 5As shown, the material flow channel 16 of the chassis 15 is a rounded rectangle, which is adapted to the two spiral blades to ensure unidirectional transportation of the mixture; circulation channels 17 are provided at both ends of the two material flow channels 16, and the number of the circulation channels 17 is 2, and the circulation channels 17 connect the material flow channels 16; the top surface of the chassis 15 is provided with an inlet 18, and a feed hopper 19 is installed on the inlet 18; the top surface of the chassis 15 is provided with a discharge port 20, and a feed pipe 21 is installed on the discharge port 20. The feed pipe 21 is made of stainless steel to avoid pipe bursting during high-pressure feeding. The discharge port 20 and the feed port 18 are arranged at the top to avoid the mixture being squeezed out during stirring; the outer surface of the chassis 15 is flat, and an electric heating plate 22 is installed on the outer surface of the chassis 15; mixing process: 97% cerium oxide, 1% copper powder, 1% glass fiber powder, and 1% polyglycerol weighed by the operator are added into the chassis 15 in sequence, as shown Figure 4 As shown, the first motor 10 is started to rotate counterclockwise, the mixture moves from right to left, and a stirring effect is generated while conveying. At this time, the second motor 14 rotates clockwise, the mixture falls into the material flow channel 16 of the lower layer, and then moves from left to right. Under the conveying action of the first spiral blade 8 and the second spiral blade 12, the mixture forms a cyclic stirring; at the same time, the temperature of the electric heating plate 22 is set to 170°C, and the mixing time is 30 minutes to obtain a wet powder mixture; when the stirring is completed, the first motor 10 rotates counterclockwise, the second motor 14 rotates counterclockwise, the mixture moves from right to left, and is extruded from the discharge port 20.

[0070] like Figure 7 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the above-mentioned materials need to be discharged quantitatively, the quantitative mechanism 2 includes a first silo 23 connected to the feeding pipe 21. The first silo 23 is in the shape of a bell and is a fully enclosed thin shell structure for temporarily storing the wet powder mixture discharged from the chassis 15; a cylinder 24 is welded to the bottom surface of the first silo 23, and the cylinder 24 consists of a lower sector segment and an upper rectangular segment, wherein the rectangular segment can also be set as a cylindrical segment, which is a fully enclosed thin shell structure, and the junction of the two segments is connected; the sector segment of the cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to an eccentric wheel 25 at the center position, as shown Figure 9As shown, the eccentric wheel 25 is driven by a third motor 26, and the third motor 26 is fixed to the cylinder body 24. A crank 27 is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel 25, and a piston head 28 is rotatably connected to the free end of the crank 27. The piston head 28 is slidably connected to the rectangular section of the cylinder body 24. The shape of the piston head 28 is an inverted U shape. A vertically upward push rod 29 is welded to the horizontal section of the piston head 28. The length of the push rod 29 is smaller than the diameter of the blocking ball 31, and the diameter of the push rod 29 is smaller than the diameter of the blanking port 30. The top surface of the rectangular section of the cylinder body 24 is provided with a The drop-out port 30 connects the cylinder body 24 and the first hopper 23. The drop-out port 30 is in an arc shape that matches the surface of the sphere. A blocking ball 31 is placed on the drop-out port 30. Most of the blocking ball 31 is located in the first hopper 23, and a small part is located in the cylinder body 24. The blocking ball 31 and the first hopper 23 are clearance-matched, so that the blocking ball 31 can move up and down and allow the wet powder mixture to fall. A discharge port 32 is provided on the side wall of the rectangular section of the cylinder body 24, and a discharge pipe 33 is installed on the discharge port 32. Figure 8 As shown, when the piston head 28 is in the upper stroke, the push rod 29 pushes the blocking ball 31, and the wet powder mixture enters the rectangular section of the cylinder body 24 in a quantitative manner (due to the reciprocating motion of the piston head 28, the push rod 29 pushes the blocking ball 31 at the same interval, and the high pressure environment of the first silo 23 is combined to achieve quantitative feeding) Figure 7 As shown, when the piston head 28 is in the down stroke, the horizontal section of the piston head 28 is flush with the bottom edge of the discharge port 32 , and a fixed amount of wet powder mixture is discharged from the discharge port 32 into the discharge pipe 33 .

[0071] like Figure 10 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the above-mentioned pressing die 3 needs to press the polishing pills into a honeycomb type, the pressing die 3 includes a fixed die 34 and a movable die 35. The fixed die 34 is in the shape of a cylinder with an open end face, and the internal cavity of the fixed die 34 is cylindrical. The side wall of the fixed die 34 is provided with a circular opening 36 connected to the discharge pipe 33; the side wall of the fixed die 34 is fixedly connected with a support leg 37, and the support leg 37 is provided on the linear motor 38. The model of the linear motor 38 is lm200. The movable die 35 is installed on the moving block of the linear motor 38. The shape of the movable die 35 is in the shape of a cylinder with an open end face, and the internal cavity of the movable die 35 is cylindrical. The movable die 35 and the fixed die 34 are opposite to each other to form a fully enclosed cylinder; as shown Figure 11As shown, a square groove 39 is opened at the center of the movable die head 35, and a push rod 40 is inserted into the square groove 39. The shape of the end of the push rod 40 is adapted to the square groove 39, and the outer end of the push rod 40 is fixed by a fastening bolt 41. The square groove 39 design can prevent the push rod 40 from rotating; the free end of the push rod 40 is flush with the opening of the movable die head 35, and a pressure plate 42 is welded to the free end of the push rod 40. The pressure plate 42 is circular in shape, and the diameter of the pressure plate 42 is smaller than the cavity diameter of the movable die head 35. Uniformly arranged hexagonal rods 43 are welded to the outer surface of the pressure plate 42. The hexagonal rods 43 are arranged perpendicular to the pressure plate 42, and the free ends of the hexagonal rods 43 are against the inner end surface of the fixed die head 34, thereby realizing the honeycomb molding of the polished pills; the side wall of the push rod 40 is slidably connected to an air disk 44, which is circular in shape, and the diameter of the air disk 44 is smaller than the cavity diameter of the movable die head 35; as shown Figure 13 As shown, a die head 45 is welded to the side wall of the gas disc 44. The shape of the die head 45 is barrel-shaped. The side wall of the die head 45 is slidably adapted to the cavity of the movable die head 35. The gas disc 44 is fixed to a position slightly inside the opening of the die head 45, and the opening edge of the die head 45 does not fit the inner end face of the movable die head 35. The reserved distance is used to install the air pipe 48. The end face of the die head 45 is provided with a hexagonal hole 46 adapted to the hexagonal rod 43, so that the die head 45 slides along the hexagonal rod 43; a compression spring 47 is installed on the side wall of the push rod 40, and the compression spring 47 is located between the gas disc 44 and the pressure plate 42 in an elastically connected manner. By setting the compression spring 47, the die head 45 can be pushed to continuously fit with the pressure plate 42, thereby playing a reset function. Figure 12 As shown, after the polishing pellets are pressed and formed, air is inflated into the cavity of the air disc 44 and the movable die head 35. The pressure drives the compression spring 47 to contract, and the die head 45 pushes the polishing pellets on the hexagonal rod 43 down, realizing the automatic removal of the polishing pellets. The removed polishing pellets can be sent away by the conveyor belt; Figure 18 As shown, an air pipe 48 is installed on the side wall of the movable die head 35. The air pipe 48 is located between the gap between the die head 45 and the inner end face of the movable die head 35, ensuring that the air path is unobstructed. There are two air pipes 48, one is connected to the air intake control valve 49, and the air path can be inflated by an air compressor, and the other is connected to the exhaust control valve 50, and the air path can be evacuated by a negative pressure pump.

[0072] like Figure 11 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering the sealing of the above-mentioned air circuit, the inner ring of the air disk 44 is installed with an O-ring 51, the side wall of the die head 45 is installed with an O-ring 51, and the opening surface of the movable die head 35 is installed with an O-ring 51. The airtightness of the pressing is ensured by setting the O-ring 51.

[0073] like Figure 11As shown, as an embodiment of optimization, considering the smoothness of the polished pill discharge die head 34 and the guidance of the die head 45 into the die head 34, the inner end face angle of the die head 34 is rounded, reducing the discharge resistance of the polished pill, and the product is better in fullness during pressing. The inner opening edge of the die head 34 is rounded to guide the die head 45 and ensure the accuracy of the die head 45 entering.

[0074] As shown, Figure 14 As shown, as an embodiment of optimization, considering the compactness of the polished pill pressing, the die head 34 is provided with a gas port 52 on the top, and the gas port 52 is provided with a slot 53 on the side, and a semi-permeable membrane 54 is installed in the slot 53. On the basis of not affecting the air extraction, the mixture can be prevented from being extracted; the gas port 52 is connected with an exhaust control valve 50 through a gas conveying pipe 48, and the gas circuit can be extracted by a negative pressure pump. During pressing, the air extraction further increases the compactness of the polished pill, eliminates the problem of air bubbles, and improves the quality of the polished pill.

[0075] As shown, Figure 15 As shown, as an embodiment of optimization, considering that the free end of the hexagonal rod 43 is a plane, the mixture cannot escape the extrusion surface when directly contacting the die head 34, and the mixture will be flattened, occupying a certain distance, causing the movable die head 35 to be unable to fully close, causing the honeycomb holes of the pressed and formed polished pill to not be completely penetrated. The inner end face of the die head 34 is provided with a T-shaped hole 55, which is a rotary structure and corresponds one-to-one to the hexagonal rod 43; a cleaning seat 56 is placed in the T-shaped hole 55 in a wedge shape, as shown, Figure 16 As shown, the cleaning seat 56 is in the shape of a cylinder, and the end face of the cleaning seat 56 is flush with the inner end face of the die head 34. A semicircular groove 57 is processed on one end face of the cleaning seat 56, and the other end face of the cleaning seat 56 is fixed in the T-shaped hole 55 through a positioning bolt 58; the free end of the hexagonal rod 43 is fixedly connected with a semicircular ball 59, and the spherical surface of the semicircular ball 59 is matched with the semicircular groove 57. By setting the semicircular ball 59 and the cleaning seat 56, the semicircular ball 59 extrudes the mixture, and the mixture is quickly discharged outward from the cleaning seat 56, and does not produce flattened mixture, ensuring that the movable die head 35 can be fully closed, so that the honeycomb holes of the pressed and formed polished pill are completely penetrated, and the quality of the polished pill is good.

[0076] As shown, Figure 11As shown, as an embodiment of the optimization, in order to reduce the impact force, the end face of the movable mold head 35 is screwed with a limiting bolt 60, the number of the limiting bolt 60 is two, which are respectively arranged at the upper and lower quadrants, the free end of the limiting bolt 60 extends into the cavity of the movable mold head 35, the head of the limiting bolt 60 is fixedly connected with a rubber head 61, the rubber head 61 blocks in the sliding direction of the mold head 45, and plays a buffering role, thereby reducing the impact force of the mold head 45 and protecting the service life of the mold head 45.

[0077] As shown in the figure, Figure 15 As an embodiment of the optimization, in order to further improve the surface structure strength of the polished pill, the side wall of the fixed mold head 34 is provided with a powder spraying port 62, which is located at the top. Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the powder spraying port 62 is installed with a Y-shaped pipe 63, the straight pipe port of the Y-shaped pipe 63 is connected with a copper powder tank 64, and the inclined pipe port of the Y-shaped pipe 63 is connected with an air inlet control valve 49, and the gas circuit can be inflated by an air compressor; the straight pipe section and the inclined pipe section of the Y-shaped pipe 63 are both installed with an electromagnetic valve 65, which is controlled by a pressure switch 66 arranged on the opening surface of the fixed mold head 34, and the movable mold head 35 extrudes the pressure switch 66 to make the electromagnetic valve 65 open, so that the copper powder is brought into the fixed mold head 34 and uniformly adheres to the surface of the fixed mold head 34 and the hexagonal rod 43, and can be attached to the surface of the polished pill during pressing to form a copper powder surface, and can be pressed into the surface to increase the structure strength of the polished pill and make it more wear-resistant.

[0078] Example two

[0079] As shown in the figure, Figure 19 Different from example one, in order to further improve the surface structure strength of the polished pill, the surface of the hexagonal rod 43 is provided with a plurality of micropores 67 which are uniformly arranged; the inside of the pressing plate 42 is provided with a powder feeding channel 68 for supplying powder to the micropores 67; the inside of the ejector rod 40 is provided with a main flow channel 69, the main flow channel 69 is connected with a copper powder tank 64, and the main flow channel 69 is connected with an air inlet control valve 49, and the gas circuit can be inflated by an air compressor, the copper powder tank 64 continuously supplies copper powder to the micropores 67, the air compressor pressurizes the copper powder, and the copper powder is sent to the micropores 67 but not sprayed out, the mixture moves in the fixed mold head 34 during pressing, the copper powder in the micropores 67 is carried out when the mixture moves, a linear and slightly expanded copper powder surface is formed, and the copper powder surface is pressed into the surface, which can increase the structure strength of the polished pill and make it more wear-resistant.

[0080] It is to be understood that the present application is described by way of example only, and that modifications or alterations can be made to the features and embodiments described without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, modifications can be made to the features and embodiments described to accommodate specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather, the scope of the application includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A press forming apparatus characterized by It comprises a hot mixing mechanism (1), a quantitative mechanism (2), and a pressing die (3). The hot mixing mechanism (1) is used for mixing cerium oxide, copper powder, glass fiber powder, and polyglycerol, and heating and switching the conveying direction to push out the mixture. The quantitative mechanism (2) is used for controlling the quantitative discharge of the mixture. The pressing die (3) is used for extruding the quantitative mixture to form a honeycomb type polishing pellet. The pressing die (3) comprises a fixed die (34) and a movable die (35). The inner cavity of the fixed die (34) is cylindrical, and a round opening (36) is arranged on the side wall of the fixed die (34). The fixed die (34) is arranged on a linear motor (38), and the movable die (35) is arranged on the moving block of the linear motor (38). The inner cavity of the movable die (35) is cylindrical, and the opening of the movable die (35) is opposite to the opening of the fixed die (34) to form a closed cylinder. A top rod (40) is detachably arranged at the center of the movable die (35). The free end of the top rod (40) is flush with the opening of the movable die (35), and a pressing plate (42) is arranged at the free end of the top rod (40). The diameter of the pressing plate (42) is smaller than the cavity diameter of the movable die (35). A plurality of hexagonal rods (43) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the pressing plate (42), and the free ends of the hexagonal rods (43) abut against the inner end surface of the fixed die (34). A gas disc (44) is slidably connected to the side wall of the top rod (40), and the diameter of the gas disc (44) is smaller than the cavity diameter of the movable die (35). A mold taking head (45) is arranged on the side wall of the gas disc (44). The mold taking head (45) is barrel-shaped, and the side wall of the mold taking head (45) is slidably matched with the cavity of the movable die (35). A hexagonal hole (46) is arranged on the end surface of the mold taking head (45) to match with the hexagonal rod (43), so that the mold taking head (45) slides along the hexagonal rod (43). A compression spring (47) is arranged on the side wall of the top rod (40) and elastically connected between the gas disc (44) and the pressing plate (42). A gas supply pipe (48) is arranged on the side wall of the movable die (35), one end of the gas supply pipe (48) is connected to an air inlet control valve (49), and the other end of the gas supply pipe (48) is connected to an air outlet control valve (50). T-shaped holes (55) are arranged on the inner end surface of the fixed die (34) to correspond to the hexagonal rods (43). A cleaning seat (56) is arranged in the T-shaped hole (55) in a wedge manner. The cleaning seat (56) is cylindrical, and the end surface of the cleaning seat (56) is flush with the inner end surface of the fixed die (34). A semicircular groove (57) is arranged on one end surface of the cleaning seat (56). The other end surface of the cleaning seat (56) is fixed in the T-shaped hole (55) by a positioning bolt (58). The free end of the hexagonal rod (43) is provided with a semicircular ball (59), and the spherical surface of the semicircular ball (59) is matched with the semicircular groove (57).

2. A press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The hot mixing mechanism (1) comprises a rack (4) and a machine box (15), the vertical section of the rack (4) is provided with two first rotating shafts (7) arranged side by side, the side wall of the first rotating shaft (7) is provided with first spiral blades (8) matched with each other, the vertical section of the rack (4) is provided with two second rotating shafts (11) arranged side by side, and the second rotating shaft (11) is located directly below the first rotating shaft (7), the side wall of the second rotating shaft (11) is provided with second spiral blades (12) matched with each other, the first spiral blades (8) and the second spiral blades (12) are arranged in the machine box (15), the upper material flow channel of the machine box (15) is matched with the first spiral blades (8), the lower material flow channel of the machine box (15) is matched with the second spiral blades (12), two ends of the two material flow channels (16) are provided with circulating flow channels (17) for connecting the material flow channels (16), the top surface of the machine box (15) is provided with a feeding hopper (19), the top surface of the machine box (15) is provided with a material conveying pipeline (21), and the outer surface of the machine box (15) is provided with an electric heating plate (22).

3. A press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The quantitative mechanism (2) comprises a first bin (23), and the first bin (23) is in the shape of a bell; the bottom surface of the first bin (23) is provided with a cylinder body (24); the center position of the fan-shaped section of the cylinder body (24) is provided with an eccentric wheel (25), the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel (25) is provided with a crank (27), the free end of the crank (27) is provided with a piston head (28), the piston head (28) is in sliding connection with the rectangular section of the cylinder body (24), the horizontal section of the piston head (28) is provided with a vertically upward pushing rod (29); the top surface of the rectangular section of the cylinder body (24) is provided with a blanking opening (30), the blanking opening (30) connects the cylinder body (24) and the first bin (23), and the blanking opening (30) is placed with a blocking ball (31); the side wall of the rectangular section of the cylinder body (24) is provided with a discharging opening (32), and the discharging opening (32) is provided with an inclined downward discharging pipe (33).

4. A press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The side wall of the fixed die head (34) is provided with a gas port (52), the side of the gas port (52) is provided with a slot (53), the slot (53) is provided with a semi-permeable membrane (54); the gas port (52) is connected with an exhaust control valve (50) through a gas conveying pipe (48).

5. A press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The side wall of the fixed die head (34) is provided with a powder spraying port (62); the powder spraying port (62) is provided with a Y-shaped pipe (63), the straight pipe end of the Y-shaped pipe (63) is connected with a copper powder tank (64), and the inclined pipe end of the Y-shaped pipe (63) is connected with an air inlet control valve (49); the straight pipe section and the inclined pipe section of the Y-shaped pipe (63) are both provided with electromagnetic valves (65), and the electromagnetic valves (65) are controlled through a pressure switch (66) arranged on the opening surface of the fixed die head (34).

6. A press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The surface of the hexagonal rod (43) is provided with uniformly arranged micropores (67); the inside of the pressing plate (42) is provided with a powder conveying channel (68) for supplying powder to the micropores (67); the inside of the ejector rod (40) is provided with a main flow channel (69), the main flow channel (69) is connected with the copper powder tank (64), and the main flow channel (69) is connected with the air inlet control valve (49).

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