Battery pack for electric vehicle with top rod guidance and electric vehicle comprising same

Abstract

The application discloses a battery pack with a top rod guide for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle comprising the same. The battery pack for the electric vehicle comprises at least two containing boxes for containing battery modules and a top rod mechanism. The containing boxes are arranged at intervals, two adjacent containing boxes are connected through a gap connection structure and form a gap, and the gap connection structure comprises a cover plate. The top rod mechanism is arranged in the gap. The top rod mechanism comprises a vertically arranged top rod, a mounting seat and a guide piece. The top rod can move in the vertical direction. The mounting seat is located below the cover plate and is connected with at least one containing box on the two sides of the gap. The guide piece is arranged at a position of the mounting seat close to the cover plate. A jacking hole through which the top rod passes is formed in the cover plate. The guide piece is located between the hole wall of the jacking hole and the top rod. The alignment accuracy is high, the unlocking efficiency is high, the contact or wear between the top rod and the jacking hole is reduced, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. The number of containing boxes is designed according to the space size of the containing battery pack, and standardization is realized.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application CN2021116067637, filed on December 26, 2021, and Chinese patent application CN2021116067815, filed on December 26, 2021. The full text of the aforementioned Chinese patent applications is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide and an electric vehicle comprising the same. Background Technology

[0003] Existing electric vehicle battery pack installation methods are generally divided into fixed and replaceable types. Fixed battery packs are typically fixed to the vehicle, and the vehicle is used as the charging device during charging. Replaceable battery packs, on the other hand, are generally installed in a movable manner, allowing the battery pack to be removed and replaced with a new one at any time. When using this movable installation method, the battery pack is usually locked to the bottom of the electric vehicle using a locking mechanism. To remove the battery pack from the locking mechanism, an external unlocking mechanism is required to unlock the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle, allowing the battery pack to be removed.

[0004] In the existing technology, the battery swapping equipment is equipped with an unlocking mechanism. During the process of locking or unlocking the battery pack, it needs to pass through the battery pack to contact the locking mechanism on the battery swapping vehicle to unlock or lock the battery pack. Its alignment accuracy is poor and the unlocking efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of poor alignment accuracy and low unlocking efficiency of the unlocking mechanism used for locking or unlocking battery packs in the prior art, and to provide a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide and an electric vehicle containing the same.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0007] A battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance, comprising:

[0008] At least two housing boxes for accommodating battery modules are provided, the housing boxes are spaced apart, and two adjacent housing boxes are connected by a gap connection structure to form a gap, the gap connection structure including a cover plate;

[0009] A push rod mechanism is provided within the gap. The push rod mechanism includes a vertically arranged push rod, a mounting base, and a guide member. The push rod passes through the mounting base and can move in a vertical direction. The mounting base is located below the cover plate and is connected to at least one receiving box on both sides of the gap. The guide member is located at a position of the mounting base near the cover plate. The cover plate has a lifting hole for the push rod to pass through, and the guide member is located between the hole wall of the lifting hole and the push rod.

[0010] This design incorporates a push rod mechanism within the battery pack. This mechanism works in conjunction with an unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment used for handling and disassembling the battery pack, enabling its assembly and disassembly. The push rod is lifted by the upward force applied by the unlocking rod, causing its tip to contact the locking mechanism and unlock. This design avoids the shortcomings of existing technologies, improving alignment accuracy and unlocking efficiency. Furthermore, by placing a guide between the push rod and the wall of the lifting hole, during the unlocking process, as the push rod moves upward and passes through the lifting hole on the cover plate, contact or wear between the push rod and the hole wall is reduced, protecting the push rod and extending the battery pack's lifespan.

[0011] By connecting multiple housing boxes for accommodating battery modules to each other through a gap connection structure, the number of housing boxes for the assembled electric vehicle battery pack can be flexibly designed according to the space size for accommodating the battery pack, thus achieving standardization.

[0012] Preferably, when the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the top end of the push rod extends to the guide member.

[0013] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted so that part of the top rod is always located at the guide member. Thus, when the top rod moves in the vertical direction, the guide member can guide the movement of the top rod, so that it moves in the predetermined unlocking direction, thereby improving the stability and reliability of unlocking.

[0014] Preferably, when the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the top end of the push rod passes through the mounting base and the lifting hole from bottom to top and extends above the cover plate.

[0015] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted so that the top of the top rod always extends out of the cover plate and is located above the cover plate, thereby reducing the height that the unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment needs to be pushed up when unlocking or reducing the length of the unlocking rod.

[0016] Preferably, the guide is a guide cylinder, the first end of the guide cylinder is connected to the mounting base, and the second end of the guide cylinder is provided with a first limiting step. The first limiting step divides the guide cylinder into a first part and a second part with different outer diameters, wherein the outer diameter of the first part of the guide cylinder is smaller than the outer diameter of the second part of the guide cylinder, and the first part of the guide cylinder passes through the lifting hole.

[0017] The top end of the push rod passes through the mounting base, the guide cylinder, and the lifting hole from bottom to top and extends above the cover plate.

[0018] In this design, the aforementioned structural form is adopted. The lifting hole cooperates with the first limiting step to achieve the vertical limiting function of the guide cylinder, ensuring that the lifting rod moves in the predetermined vertical direction. At the same time, the guide cylinder on the outside protects and guides the lifting rod, ensuring that the lifting rod will not collide with the lifting hole when entering it. When assembling the battery pack, the first limiting step, through its cooperation with the lifting hole, achieves the positioning of the cover plate, improving the assembly accuracy of the battery pack.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the first part of the guide cylinder is provided with a guide surface at an axial angle.

[0020] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. The guide surface has a guiding function. When the cover plate is installed, the guide surface cooperates with the lifting hole and provides a horizontal positioning and guiding function for the cover plate, ensuring that the guide component is inserted into the lifting hole.

[0021] Preferably, a portion of the push rod passes through the hollow portion of the guide cylinder;

[0022] The inner wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a second limiting step protruding toward the axis of the guide cylinder, and the top rod is provided with a third limiting step that matches the shape of the second limiting step;

[0023] When the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the third limiting step abuts against the second limiting step.

[0024] In this solution, the above-mentioned structure is adopted. The push rod abuts against the second limit step inside the guide tube through the third limit step, thereby limiting the extreme position of the push rod's downward movement through the guide tube and effectively preventing the push rod from detaching from the guide tube.

[0025] Preferably, the step surfaces of the second limiting step and the third limiting step are inclined.

[0026] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the inclined step surface facilitates the processing of the second and third limiting steps.

[0027] Preferably, the mounting base has a guide hole, and the push rod passes through the guide hole;

[0028] The push rod mechanism also includes an elastic element. The push rod is provided with a limiting part. The two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the mounting base and the limiting part. The elastic element is used to apply a force to the limiting part to make the push rod move downward.

[0029] In this solution, the aforementioned structural form is adopted, and the elastic element has an elastic reset function. By acting on the limiting part and applying a downward force to the push rod, the automatic elastic reset of the push rod mechanism is achieved. Simultaneously, it effectively prevents the push rod from lifting the locking linkage of the locking mechanism after unlocking, thus improving the safety during battery pack installation.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom end of the push rod is provided with a horizontally arranged end plate, which extends horizontally along the length direction of the electric vehicle battery pack with push rod guidance.

[0031] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to ensure that the unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment always acts on the end plate during the unlocking process, that is, the top rod is always lifted up, which further improves the success rate and stability of unlocking and locking.

[0032] Preferably, the push rod includes a first rod segment and a second rod segment that are sleeved together, the second rod segment passing through the mounting base, the guide member being located between the hole wall of the jacking hole and the end of the first rod segment away from the second rod segment, and the end of the second rod segment away from the first rod segment being provided with the end plate.

[0033] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. Since the bottom end of the top rod is provided with an end plate, the top rod is designed in sections, which facilitates the installation of the top rod on the mounting base.

[0034] Preferably, the first rod segment and the second rod segment are detachably connected at the joint by a connector.

[0035] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form and the detachable connection make the disassembly and maintenance of the top rod mechanism more convenient and quick.

[0036] Preferably, the projection shape of the end plate on the horizontal plane is circular, elliptical, or rectangular.

[0037] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, which is simple in structure and easy to process and manufacture.

[0038] Preferably, the gap connection structure further includes a fixing block and a horizontally arranged locking shaft. Both ends of the locking shaft are connected to the fixing block at corresponding locations. The fixing block is connected to the lower end face of the cover plate, and the cover plate has a locking hole above the locking shaft.

[0039] In this design, the aforementioned structural form is adopted, with the locking mechanism extending downwards below the cover plate and connecting to the locking shaft, thereby achieving a locking connection between the locking shaft and the locking mechanism. Simultaneously, the fixing block effectively strengthens the connection between the locking shaft and the cover plate, effectively preventing misalignment of the locking shaft and resulting in higher stability.

[0040] Preferably, the gap connection structure further includes a pair of limiting plates, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the fixing blocks on the corresponding sides and are respectively located on both sides of the guide member.

[0041] In this solution, the aforementioned structural form is adopted, with the two ends of the limiting plate connected to the corresponding fixing blocks, effectively improving the overall structural strength of the gap connection structure. Simultaneously, the pair of limiting plates restricts the horizontal swaying of the upper part of the push rod, improving the stability of the push rod mechanism during locking and unlocking.

[0042] Preferably, the gap connection structure further includes a pair of C-shaped connecting plates that extend along the length of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide. The opening directions of the pair of C-shaped connecting plates are opposite to each other. The fixing block is engaged in the C-shaped connecting plate on the corresponding side. The limiting plate is connected to the fixing block through the C-shaped connecting plate on the corresponding side.

[0043] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the limiting plate and the fixing block are connected by the C-shaped connecting plate, which further improves the overall structural strength of the gap connection structure; at the same time, the fixing block is stuck in the C-shaped connecting plate on the corresponding side, which prevents the fixing block from overturning due to excessive force at the locking shaft.

[0044] Preferably, the pair of limiting plates and the pair of C-shaped connecting plates constitute a limiting space, and the upper end of the mounting base extends into the limiting space.

[0045] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and a limiting space is formed by a pair of limiting plates and a pair of C-shaped connecting plates. The horizontal swaying of the top rod and the upper end of the mounting base is limited by the limiting space, thereby improving the stability of the top rod mechanism when locking and unlocking.

[0046] Preferably, the tops of both C-shaped connecting plates are connected to the cover plate.

[0047] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, which effectively enhances the overall structural strength of the gap connection structure.

[0048] Preferably, the top end of the push rod is spherical;

[0049] Alternatively, the top end of the push rod may be provided with a ball bearing for abutting against the locking link of the locking mechanism.

[0050] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form, with its ball or spherical shape, can reduce the friction between the top of the push rod and the locking linkage of the locking mechanism during sliding, thereby increasing the service life of the push rod and the locking mechanism.

[0051] Preferably, there are two gaps and four push rod mechanisms, with two push rod mechanisms spaced apart in each gap.

[0052] An electric vehicle includes a vehicle body frame and a battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide as described above, the battery pack being detachably connected to the vehicle body frame.

[0053] In this solution, the aforementioned structural form is adopted, and a push rod mechanism is installed inside the battery pack. This push rod mechanism cooperates with the unlocking rod installed on the battery swapping equipment used for handling and disassembling the battery pack to realize the disassembly and assembly of the battery pack. The push rod is lifted by the upward force applied by the unlocking rod of the battery swapping equipment, so that the top end of the push rod contacts the locking mechanism, thereby unlocking the battery pack. This avoids the defects of existing technologies, improves alignment accuracy, and increases unlocking efficiency. Simultaneously, by placing a guide between the wall of the lifting hole and the push rod, during the unlocking process, as the push rod moves upward and passes through the lifting hole on the cover plate, contact or wear between the push rod and the wall of the lifting hole is reduced, thus protecting the push rod and extending the service life of the battery pack.

[0054] By connecting multiple housing boxes for accommodating battery modules to each other through a gap connection structure, the number of housing boxes for the assembled electric vehicle battery pack can be flexibly designed according to the space size for accommodating the battery pack, thus achieving standardization.

[0055] Preferably, the vehicle body support is provided with a locking mechanism, and a horizontally arranged locking shaft is provided in the gap of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide. Under the action of the top rod mechanism, the locking shaft is locked onto the locking mechanism from bottom to top.

[0056] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, which is convenient to lock and has a simple structure.

[0057] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking link and a locking base, the locking link and the locking base are rotatably connected, and a horizontal sliding surface is provided at the position where the locking link cooperates with the top rod;

[0058] During the upward lifting process of the push rod mechanism, the top end of the push rod slides horizontally relative to the sliding surface.

[0059] In this solution, the above-mentioned structure is adopted. The push rod will move upward and exert force on the sliding surface of the locking rod. The locking rod rotates upward under the action of the push rod. During the rotation, the top end of the push rod slides horizontally relative to the sliding surface, resulting in less friction and improved unlocking stability.

[0060] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0061] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0062] The present invention relates to a battery pack for electric vehicles with a push rod guide and an electric vehicle comprising the same. The battery pack includes a push rod mechanism that cooperates with an unlocking rod on a battery swapping device for handling and removing the battery pack, enabling the installation and removal of the battery pack. The push rod is lifted by the upward force applied by the unlocking rod of the battery swapping device, causing its tip to contact the locking mechanism and thus unlocking the battery pack. This avoids the shortcomings of existing technologies, improving alignment accuracy and unlocking efficiency. Furthermore, by placing a guide between the wall of the lifting hole and the push rod, during the unlocking process, as the push rod moves upward and passes through the lifting hole on the cover plate, contact or wear between the push rod and the hole wall is reduced, protecting the push rod and extending the battery pack's lifespan.

[0063] By connecting multiple housing boxes for accommodating battery modules to each other through a gap connection structure, the number of housing boxes for the assembled electric vehicle battery pack can be flexibly designed according to the space size for accommodating the battery pack, thus achieving standardization. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0069] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0070] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top rod mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle body bracket of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point D.

[0076] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0077] Container 1

[0078] Push rod mechanism 2

[0079] Top rod 21

[0080] Third limiting step 211

[0081] Limiting part 212

[0082] End plate 213

[0083] Top rod section 214

[0084] Buffer boss 2141

[0085] Socket section 215

[0086] Socket 2151

[0087] Buffer spring 216

[0088] First segment 217

[0089] Second segment 218

[0090] Guide component 22

[0091] First limiting step 221

[0092] Part 1 2211

[0093] Part Two 2212

[0094] Sliding surface 2213

[0095] Second limiting step 222

[0096] Mounting bracket 23

[0097] Guide hole 231

[0098] First guide hole 2311

[0099] Second guide hole 2312

[0100] Third guide hole 2313

[0101] Elastic element 24

[0102] Gap connection structure 3

[0103] Cover plate 31

[0104] Pull-up hole 311

[0105] Locking hole 312

[0106] Locking shaft 32

[0107] Fixed block 33

[0108] Limit plate 34

[0109] First connecting plate 341

[0110] Second connecting plate 342

[0111] Third connecting plate 343

[0112] C-type connecting plate 35

[0113] Body bracket 10

[0114] Locking mechanism 20

[0115] Lock base 201

[0116] Locking rod 202

[0117] Locking groove 203

[0118] First tank 2031

[0119] Second tank 2032

[0120] Length direction L Detailed Implementation

[0121] The present invention will be described more clearly and completely below by way of embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0122] This embodiment discloses an electric vehicle, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the electric vehicle includes a chassis frame 10 and an electric vehicle battery pack with a pushrod guide, which is detachably connected to the chassis frame 10. The detachable connection between the pushrod-guided electric vehicle battery pack and the chassis frame 10 facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the electric vehicle battery pack. The chassis frame 10 is equipped with a locking mechanism 20, to which the electric vehicle battery pack is detachably connected.

[0123] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the electric vehicle battery pack with push rod guidance includes a push rod mechanism 2 and at least two housing boxes 1 for accommodating battery modules. The housing boxes 1 are spaced apart, and two adjacent housing boxes 1 are connected by a gap connection structure 3 to form a gap. In this embodiment, there are three housing boxes 1. The middle housing box 1 can accommodate two rows of battery modules, and the housing boxes on both sides can each accommodate one row of battery modules. Two adjacent housing boxes 1 are connected by a gap connection structure 3 to form a gap, and each gap is provided with a push rod mechanism 2. The housing boxes 1 are used to accommodate battery modules. The electric vehicle battery pack is assembled into a box structure by connecting multiple housing boxes 1 for accommodating battery modules to each other.

[0124] In practical applications, the number of housing boxes 1 and push rod mechanisms 2 constituting the box structure is not limited to the three housing boxes 1 and two push rod mechanisms 2 in this example. The number of housing boxes can be increased or decreased to adapt to the space requirements of different electric vehicles, thereby achieving standardization. Of course, the specific number and size of the housing boxes 1 are not limited, and the size of the housing boxes 1 can be designed according to the size of the battery module.

[0125] The gap connection structure 3 includes a cover plate 31, and a push rod mechanism 2 is disposed in the gap. The push rod mechanism 2 includes a vertically disposed push rod 21, a mounting base 23, and a guide member 22. The push rod 21 passes through the mounting base 23 and can move in the vertical direction. The mounting base 23 is located below the cover plate 31 and is connected to at least one receiving box 1 on both sides of the gap. The guide member 22 is disposed on the mounting base 23 near the cover plate 31. The cover plate 31 has a lifting hole 311 for the push rod 21 to pass through. The guide member 22 is located between the hole wall of the lifting hole 311 and the push rod 21.

[0126] In this embodiment, the guide member 22 is a guide cylinder, which has a circular cylindrical structure. The first end of the guide cylinder is connected to the upper end of the mounting base, and the second end of the guide cylinder extends into the lifting hole 311. The top end of the push rod 21 is inserted into the guide cylinder and can move along the axial direction of the guide cylinder under its guidance. Since the guide cylinder separates the push rod 21 from the hole wall of the lifting hole 311, it can effectively prevent the push rod 21 from contacting or rubbing against the hole wall of the lifting hole 311, thus extending the service life of the battery pack.

[0127] When the push rod mechanism 2 is in its initial state, the top end of the push rod 21 extends to the guide member 22, meaning the top end of the push rod 21 is located inside the guide cylinder. This ensures that a portion of the push rod 21 remains within the guide cylinder, allowing the guide cylinder to guide the movement of the push rod 21 in the vertical direction, ensuring it moves along a predetermined unlocking direction and improving the stability and reliability of the unlocking process.

[0128] To maximize the vertical movement of the push rod 21 during unlocking and locking, thereby reducing the lifting height of the unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment, it can be further optimized so that, in the initial state, the top end of the push rod 21 passes through the mounting base 23 and the lifting hole 311 from bottom to top and extends above the cover plate 31. This ensures that the top end of the push rod 21 is always above the cover plate 31. During unlocking, the push rod 21 moves upward within the mounting base 23 and the guide cylinder, with its top end passing through the mounting base 23 and the lifting hole 311 from bottom to top and extending above the cover plate 31, reducing the upward lifting height of the unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment or reducing the length of the unlocking rod.

[0129] In other embodiments, the guide 22 can also be of other shapes. For example, the guide is an arc-shaped plate, with the first end of the arc-shaped plate disposed on the mounting base and the second end of the arc-shaped plate extending into the lifting hole. The arc-shaped plate guides the movement of the push rod, causing it to move along a predetermined unlocking direction, thereby improving the stability and reliability of unlocking. At the same time, the arc-shaped plate can also prevent the push rod from rubbing or colliding with the hole wall of the corresponding lifting hole of the arc-shaped plate, which can also extend the battery pack life to a certain extent. Of course, the guide 22 can also be of other shapes, such as a straight plate, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0130] The structure of the guide cylinder will be further discussed below, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first end of the guide tube is connected to the mounting base 23, and the second end of the guide tube is provided with a first limiting step 221. The first limiting step 221 divides the guide tube into a first part 2211 and a second part 2212 with different outer diameters. The outer diameter of the first part 2211 of the guide tube is smaller than that of the second part 2212 of the guide tube. The first part 2211 of the guide tube passes through the lifting hole 311. The top end of the push rod 21 passes through the mounting base 23, the guide tube, and the lifting hole 311 from bottom to top and extends to the top of the cover plate 31.

[0131] Specifically, the bottom end of the guide tube is connected to the top end of the mounting base 23. A first limiting step 221 is provided at the top end of the guide tube, extending into the lifting hole 311. The horizontal step surface of the first limiting step 221 abuts against the bottom surface of the cover plate 31. The lifting hole 311 and the first limiting step 221 cooperate to achieve a vertical limiting function for the guide tube, ensuring that the push rod 21 moves along a predetermined vertical direction. The guide tube's outer protective and guiding role for the push rod 21 ensures that the push rod 21 will not collide with anything when entering the lifting hole 311. Simultaneously, during battery pack assembly, the first limiting step 221 of the guide tube can horizontally position the cover plate 31, thereby further improving the assembly accuracy of the battery pack.

[0132] To prevent the first part 2211 of the guide tube from colliding or getting stuck at its top during insertion into the lifting hole 311, which could damage the cover plate 31 or the guide tube, a guide surface 2213 is provided at an axially inclined position at the top of the first part 2211. This guide surface 2213 is a plane, meaning the axis of the first part 2211 of the guide tube is perpendicular to the plane of the guide surface 2213. When the cover plate 31 is installed, the inclined guide surface 2213 engages with the lifting hole 311 to provide horizontal positioning and guidance for the cover plate 31, allowing the guide tube to smoothly penetrate into the lifting hole 311.

[0133] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, part of the push rod 21 passes through the hollow portion of the guide cylinder. The inner wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a second limiting step 222 protruding towards the axis of the guide cylinder. The push rod 21 is provided with a third limiting step 211 that matches the shape of the second limiting step 222. When the push rod mechanism 2 is in the initial state, the third limiting step 211 abuts against the second limiting step 222. By setting the matching second limiting step 222 and third limiting step 211, the push rod 21 abuts against the second limiting step 222 inside the guide cylinder via the third limiting step 211, thereby restricting the downward movement of the push rod 21 and effectively preventing the push rod 21 from detaching from the guide cylinder.

[0134] In this embodiment, the step surfaces of the second limiting step 222 and the third limiting step 211 are inclined, and the inclined step surfaces facilitate the processing of the second limiting step 222 and the third limiting step 211.

[0135] In order to realize the automatic reset function of the push rod 21, the mounting base 23 is provided with a guide hole 231, the push rod 21 passes through the guide hole 231, the push rod mechanism 2 also includes an elastic element 24, the push rod 21 is provided with a limiting part 212, the two ends of the elastic element 24 are respectively connected to the mounting base 23 and the limiting part 212, and the elastic element 24 is used to apply a force to the limiting part 212 to make the push rod 21 move downward.

[0136] Specifically, the elastic element 24 is a spring, wherein, for example Figure 5 As shown, the aforementioned mounting base 23 includes a base body and a connecting base for connecting the base body to an adjacent receiving box. The base body is a hollow rectangular body made of plates, with its lower end and one side open. The upper end of the base body has a first guide hole 2311 and is connected to the guide cylinder. The base body has a horizontally placed limiting plate, which is connected to the inner wall of the three vertical plates of the base body and has a second guide hole 2312. The connecting base is a plate-shaped structure, and its two ends are respectively connected to the receiving box on the corresponding side by bolts. The lower end of the base body is vertically set on the connecting base, and the connecting base has a third guide hole 2313 at the lower end position of the base body. The push rod passes through the third guide hole 2313, the second guide hole 2312 and the first guide hole 2311 from bottom to top and then extends into the guide cylinder.

[0137] The aforementioned limiting part 212 is a limiting shaft horizontally inserted on the push rod 21. This limiting shaft can move up and down with the push rod 21 and is always located between the upper end of the seat and the limiting plate. The elastic element 24 is sleeved on the push rod and its first end ( Figure 5 The upper end of the elastic element 24 abuts against the lower surface of the upper end of the seat, and its second end ( Figure 5 The lower end of the elastic element 24 abuts against the limiting shaft, thereby allowing the elastic element 24 to apply a downward force to the limiting shaft. This force, in turn, drives the push rod 21 downwards to achieve reset. To further limit the downward displacement of the limiting shaft, a limiting plate blocks the extreme position of the downward movement of the limiting shaft, thus improving the reliability of the push rod mechanism's reset. Simultaneously, the third limiting step 211 abuts against the second limiting step 222, achieving automatic elastic reset of the push rod mechanism 2.

[0138] In other specific embodiments, the limiting plate, the third limiting step 211 and the second limiting step 222 are both structures that serve as limiting devices when the top rod is reset. Alternatively, only one of these structures can be selected for use, which will not be elaborated here.

[0139] like Figure 5As shown, the push rod 21 includes a push rod section 214, a buffer spring 216, and a sleeve section 215. The upper end of the sleeve section 215 is provided with an upward-facing sleeve groove 2151. The upper end of the push rod section 214 is inserted into the guide cylinder, and the lower end passes through the first guide hole 2311 and the second guide hole 2312 in sequence before being inserted into the sleeve groove of the sleeve section. The lower end of the sleeve section 215 passes through the third guide hole 2313 and extends to the bottom of the connecting seat.

[0140] A buffer boss 2141 is provided at the lower end of the top rod section 214. A buffer spring 216 is sleeved on the top rod section 214, and the upper and lower ends of the buffer spring 216 abut against the buffer boss 2141 of the top rod section 214 and the upper end face of the sleeve section 215, respectively. Thus, when the unlocking rod on the power swapping equipment pushes the top rod 21 upward, the unlocking rod acts on the sleeve section 215, and the buffer spring 216 is compressed, so that the top rod section 214 and the sleeve section 215 move closer to each other in the vertical direction. This realizes that the buffer spring 216 buffers the force exerted by the unlocking rod on the top rod mechanism, and avoids the top rod 21 and the locking mechanism 20 from hard collision or squeezing, which would cause damage to both.

[0141] The socket section 215 is also provided with a circumferential anti-fall step. When the unlocking rod no longer applies force to the socket section 215, the socket section 215 moves downward under the action of the buffer spring 216 and the elastic element 24 until the anti-fall step abuts against the upper end surface of the connecting seat, thereby preventing the socket section 215 from falling.

[0142] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, each gap connection structure 3 also includes a fixing block 33, a horizontally arranged locking shaft 32, a pair of limiting plates 34, and a pair of C-shaped connecting plates 35. The C-shaped connecting plates 35 extend along the length direction L of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guidance to the front and rear ends of the electric vehicle battery pack. The opening directions of the pair of C-shaped connecting plates 35 are opposite to each other. Both ends of the locking shaft 32 are connected to the corresponding fixing blocks 33. The fixing blocks 33 are engaged in the C-shaped connecting plates 35 on the corresponding side. The fixing blocks 33 and the C-shaped connecting plates 35 are connected in opposite directions. The connecting plates 35 are connected to the lower end face of the cover plate 31. Specifically, the top of the C-shaped connecting plates is connected to the cover plate. The cover plate 31 has a locking hole 312 above the locking shaft 32 for the locking mechanism to pass through. The two ends of the limiting plate 34 are connected to the corresponding fixing block 33 through the corresponding C-shaped connecting plates 35 and are located on both sides of the guide member 22. The limiting plates 34 on both sides limit the horizontal movement of the upper part of the top rod, thereby improving the stability of the top rod mechanism when locking and unlocking.

[0143] Specifically, there are multiple locking shafts 32, which are spaced apart within the gap of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guidance. These locking shafts 32 are arranged horizontally along the length L of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guidance. Each locking shaft 32 has a corresponding fixing block 33 connected to both ends, meaning one locking shaft corresponds to two fixing blocks. The vertical cross-sectional shape of a pair of limiting plates 34 is also "C"-shaped, with their openings facing opposite directions. The two limiting plates 34 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the guide cylinder. Specifically, the limiting plate 34 includes a first connecting plate 341, a second connecting plate 342, and a third connecting plate 343 connected vertically in pairs. To facilitate the installation and positioning of the limiting plate, the end of the second connecting plate 342 corresponding to the C-shaped connecting plate extends outward to form a positioning plate. A positioning hole is provided on the C-shaped connecting plate, and the positioning plate is inserted into this hole. Then, the position where the limiting plate and the C-shaped connecting plate abut are welded together to achieve a secure fixation between the limiting plate and the C-shaped connecting plate.

[0144] Even better, a pair of limiting plates 34 and a pair of C-shaped connecting plates 35 form a limiting space, and the upper end of the mounting base 23 extends into the limiting space. The limiting space formed by the pair of limiting plates 34 and the pair of C-shaped connecting plates 35 will limit the shaking of the guide member 22 and the upper end of the mounting base 23, thereby improving the stability of the push rod mechanism.

[0145] The tops of both C-shaped connecting plates 35 are connected to the cover plate 31. A pair of C-shaped connecting plates 35 extend along the length direction L of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guidance and connect to both sides of the cover plate 31, effectively strengthening the overall structural strength of the gap connection structure 3 and improving the success rate and stability of unlocking and locking.

[0146] Under the action of the push rod mechanism 2, the locking shaft 32 is locked onto the locking mechanism 20 from bottom to top.

[0147] The battery-side electrical connector is located at the front end of the electric vehicle battery pack with a pushrod guide along its length L. During insertion, the battery-side electrical connector needs to move along the length L of the electric vehicle battery pack with the pushrod guide to mate with the vehicle-side electrical connector on the body bracket 10. When locked, the electric vehicle battery pack with the pushrod guide moves vertically upward, so that the locking hole 312 is fitted onto the locking mechanism 20, and the locking shaft 32 moves into the corresponding locking mechanism 20. Then, the electric vehicle battery pack with the pushrod guide moves horizontally towards the vehicle-side electrical connector to connect the battery-side electrical connector with the vehicle-side electrical connector on the body bracket 10, and the locking shaft 32 is locked into the locking mechanism 20.

[0148] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the locking mechanism 20 includes a locking link 202 and a locking base 201. The locking base 201 has a locking groove 203 extending horizontally. The locking groove 203 is inverted L-shaped, including a first groove 2031 and a second groove 2032 connected to each other. The first groove 2031 extends horizontally, and the second groove 2032 extends vertically. The locking link 202 is rotatably connected to the locking base 201. A sliding surface is provided horizontally at the position where the locking link 202 cooperates with the push rod 21. During the upward pushing process of the push rod 21 of the push rod mechanism 2, the top end of the push rod 21 slides horizontally relative to the sliding surface.

[0149] During the installation of the electric vehicle battery pack onto the vehicle frame, the battery pack tray and unlocking lever of the battery swapping equipment simultaneously lift the electric vehicle battery pack, which is guided by the push rod, upwards. At this time, the unlocking lever on the battery swapping equipment has pushed up the push rod of the push rod mechanism 21. During the lifting process, the push rod 21 will move upwards and exert force on the sliding surface of the locking rod 202. The locking rod 202 will rotate upwards, so that the top of the push rod 21 slides horizontally relative to the sliding surface until the locking shaft moves to the connection between the first groove 2031 and the second groove 2032 and the locking rod 202 rotates upwards to the correct position. Then, the battery swapping equipment drives the electric vehicle battery pack to move horizontally forward, so that the locking shaft moves into the first groove 2031. The battery swapping equipment gradually lowers the height of the battery pack tray and the unlocking lever, thereby connecting the electric vehicle battery pack to the vehicle frame 10. Since the unlocking lever no longer pushes against the push rod mechanism 2 after moving downwards, the locking mechanism locks.

[0150] During the process of unlocking the electric vehicle battery pack from the vehicle body bracket, the unlocking lever of the battery swapping device first rises to a preset position. The battery swapping device then moves horizontally below the vehicle body bracket, causing the battery pack tray and the unlocking lever to move upward synchronously. This continues until the unlocking lever pushes the top rod 21 upward and the locking rod 202 rotates upward into place. The battery swapping device then moves the electric vehicle battery pack, guided by the top rod, horizontally, causing the locking shaft to move from the first groove 2031 to the connection point between the second groove 2032 and the first groove 2031. Then, the battery pack tray moves downward and the unlocking lever also moves downward relative to the battery pack tray, completing the unlocking of the electric vehicle battery pack.

[0151] The bottom end of the top rod 21 is provided with a horizontally arranged end plate 213. In this embodiment, the end plate 213 is a rectangular straight plate. The unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment applies force to the lower end surface of the end plate 213 and exerts an upward force on the end plate 213. The end plate 213 extends horizontally at the bottom end of the top rod 21 along the length direction L of the electric vehicle battery pack with the top rod guide, increasing the area of ​​the end plate 213 on the horizontal plane. This ensures that the unlocking rod can always abut against the end plate 213 during the unlocking and locking process, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of locking and unlocking.

[0152] Of course, in other embodiments, the projection shape of the end plate 213 on the horizontal plane can also be elliptical or circular, for example, a straight plate that is elliptical or circular. Its specific size is not limited, as long as the end plate 213 can always abut against the unlocking rod when locking and unlocking. This will not be elaborated here.

[0153] During the unlocking process, the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide moves on the body bracket 10 in a direction away from the vehicle-end electrical connector, that is, it moves backward along the length direction L of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide. Through the end plate 213, which extends horizontally along the length direction L of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide, it is ensured that the unlocking rod on the battery swapping equipment will always act on the end plate 213 during the unlocking process, further improving the unlocking and locking success rate and stability.

[0154] In this embodiment, the top end of the push rod 21 is spherical. Of course, in other embodiments, the top end of the push rod 21 is provided with a ball bearing for abutting against the locking link 202 of the locking mechanism 20. The ball bearing or spherical shape can reduce the friction when the end of the push rod 21 slides against the locking link 202 of the locking mechanism 20, thereby increasing the service life of the push rod 21 and the locking mechanism 20.

[0155]

Example 2

[0156] This embodiment 2 discloses another specific implementation of a battery pack for electric vehicles with a top rod guide. Embodiment 2 has a structure basically the same as Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 1 in that... Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the structure of the push rod 21 is different. In this embodiment 2, the push rod 21 includes a first rod segment 217 and a second rod segment 218 that are sleeved together. The second rod segment 218 passes through the mounting base 23. The guide member 22 is located between the hole wall of the lifting hole 311 and the end of the first rod segment 217 away from the second rod segment 218. The end of the second rod segment 218 away from the first rod segment 217 is provided with an end plate 213. Since the lower end of the push rod 21 is provided with an end plate 213, by designing the push rod 21 into a segmented form, it is convenient to install the push rod 21 on the mounting base 23.

[0157] The first rod segment 217 and the second rod segment 218 are detachably connected at the joint by a connector. In this embodiment, the connector is a pin. In other specific embodiments, the connector can also be a connecting shaft, bolt, etc. The detachable connection makes the disassembly and maintenance of the top rod mechanism 2 more convenient and quick.

[0158] In this embodiment 2, there are two gaps and four push rod mechanisms 2. Each gap is provided with two push rod mechanisms 2 spaced apart.

[0159] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide, characterized in that, include: At least two housing boxes for accommodating battery modules are provided, the housing boxes are spaced apart, and two adjacent housing boxes are connected by a gap connection structure to form a gap, the gap connection structure including a cover plate; A push rod mechanism is provided within the gap. The push rod mechanism includes a vertically arranged push rod, a mounting base, and a guide member. The push rod passes through the mounting base and can move in a vertical direction. The mounting base is located below the cover plate and is connected to at least one receiving box on both sides of the gap. The guide member is located at a position of the mounting base near the cover plate. The cover plate has a lifting hole for the push rod to pass through, and the guide member is located between the hole wall of the lifting hole and the push rod. When the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the top end of the push rod extends to the guide member; The bottom end of the top rod is provided with a horizontally arranged end plate, which extends horizontally along the length of the battery pack for electric vehicles at the bottom end of the top rod. The top rod includes a first rod segment and a second rod segment that are nested together, and the end plate is provided at the end of the second rod segment away from the first rod segment.

2. The battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the top end of the push rod passes through the mounting base and the lifting hole from bottom to top and extends above the cover plate.

3. The battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guide component is a guide cylinder. The first end of the guide cylinder is connected to the mounting base. The second end of the guide cylinder is provided with a first limiting step. The first limiting step divides the guide cylinder into a first part and a second part with different outer diameters. The outer diameter of the first part of the guide cylinder is smaller than that of the second part of the guide cylinder. The first part of the guide cylinder passes through the lifting hole. The top end of the push rod passes through the mounting base, the guide cylinder, and the lifting hole from bottom to top and extends above the cover plate.

4. The battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the first part of the guide cylinder is axially inclined and has a sliding surface.

5. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Part of the push rod passes through the hollow portion of the guide cylinder; The inner wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a second limiting step protruding toward the axis of the guide cylinder, and the top rod is provided with a third limiting step that matches the shape of the second limiting step; When the push rod mechanism is in its initial state, the third limiting step abuts against the second limiting step.

6. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step surfaces of the second and third limiting steps are inclined.

7. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting base has a guide hole, and the push rod passes through the guide hole; The push rod mechanism also includes an elastic element. The push rod is provided with a limiting part. The two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the mounting base and the limiting part. The elastic element is used to apply a force to the limiting part to make the push rod move downward.

8. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second rod segment passes through the mounting base, and the guide is located between the hole wall of the lifting hole and the end of the first rod segment away from the second rod segment.

9. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first and second rod segments are detachably connected at the joint by a connector.

10. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The projection shape of the end plate on the horizontal plane is circular, elliptical, or rectangular.

11. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gap connection structure also includes a fixing block and a horizontally arranged locking shaft. Both ends of the locking shaft are connected to the corresponding fixing blocks. The fixing blocks are connected to the lower end face of the cover plate. The cover plate has a locking hole above the locking shaft.

12. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The gap connection structure also includes a pair of limiting plates, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the fixing blocks on the corresponding sides and are respectively located on both sides of the guide member.

13. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The gap connection structure also includes a pair of C-shaped connecting plates, which extend along the length of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide. The opening directions of the pair of C-shaped connecting plates are opposite to each other. The fixing block is engaged in the C-shaped connecting plate on the corresponding side. The limiting plate is connected to the fixing block through the C-shaped connecting plate on the corresponding side.

14. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 13, characterized in that, A pair of limiting plates and a pair of C-shaped connecting plates constitute a limiting space, and the upper end of the mounting base extends into the limiting space.

15. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The tops of both C-shaped connecting plates are connected to the cover plate.

16. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the top rod is spherical; Alternatively, the top end of the push rod may be provided with a ball bearing for abutting against the locking link of the locking mechanism.

17. The battery pack for electric vehicles with pushrod guidance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, There are two gaps and four push rod mechanisms, with two push rod mechanisms spaced apart in each gap.

18. An electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle body frame, characterized in that, It also includes a battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide as described in any one of claims 1-17, the battery pack for electric vehicles with a pushrod guide being detachably connected to the vehicle body bracket.

19. The electric vehicle as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The vehicle body support is equipped with a locking mechanism, and a horizontally arranged locking shaft is provided in the gap of the electric vehicle battery pack with top rod guide. Under the action of the top rod mechanism, the locking shaft is locked onto the locking mechanism from bottom to top.

20. The electric vehicle as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes a locking link and a locking base. The locking link and the locking base are rotatably connected. A horizontal sliding surface is provided at the position where the locking link cooperates with the top rod. During the upward lifting process of the push rod mechanism, the top end of the push rod slides horizontally relative to the sliding surface.

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