A method and device for evaluating spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for evaluating the spatial suitability of water and soil conservation measures in a watershed, wherein the method comprises: determining the area to be evaluated for the suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed; determining the suitability of the water and soil conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​according to the average value of the effect of the water and soil conservation measures on water cycle elements; determining the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of the influence of each environmental factor on the amplitude of the water cycle elements; calculating the comprehensive index of suitability level evaluation of water and soil conservation measures in the area to be evaluated according to the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated. The comprehensive index of suitability level evaluation obtained by executing the present invention is more objective.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil and water conservation, and in particular to a method and device for evaluating spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures. Background Art

[0002] Soil and water conservation has been widely used in the comprehensive management of small watersheds due to its positive impact on preventing and controlling soil erosion, improving the farming environment and protecting the ecological environment. At present, the layout of watershed soil and water conservation construction is mostly problem-oriented, with problems such as temporal randomness and spatial fragmentation, and lacks overall planning. Spatial suitability evaluation is the basis and key to the scientific and optimized implementation of soil and water conservation measures, and is related to whether the comprehensive benefits of relevant measures can be effectively exerted. At present, there are few studies on the spatial suitability evaluation of soil and water conservation measures, and most of them are qualitative evaluations based on basic data combined with expert experience, which are highly subjective. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of strong subjectivity in the spatial suitability evaluation of soil and water conservation measures in the prior art, thereby providing a method and device for evaluating the spatial suitability of soil and water conservation measures in a watershed.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the spatial suitability of water and soil conservation measures in a watershed, comprising the following steps: determining an area to be evaluated for the suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed; determining the suitability of the water and soil conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​according to the mean of the effects of the water and soil conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values; determining the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle elements; and calculating a comprehensive index for evaluating the suitability of the water and soil conservation measures in the area to be evaluated according to the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated.

[0005] Optionally, in the method for evaluating the spatial suitability of water and soil conservation measures in a watershed provided by the present invention, the step of determining the area to be evaluated for the suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed includes: obtaining the underlying surface information and meteorological information of the target watershed; interpolating the meteorological information into grid cells with the same resolution as the underlying surface information, and fusing them to form grid base plate data of the target watershed; based on the environmental conditions suitable for the construction of water and soil conservation measures, and the grid base plate data of the target watershed, determining the grid cells in the target watershed that meet the environmental conditions as the area to be evaluated, and the remaining part is the area not suitable for the construction of water and soil conservation measures.

[0006] Optionally, in the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided by the present invention, the step of determining the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​is based on the mean value of the impact effect of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values, comprising: determining the mean value of the impact effect of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements in the evaluation area when each environmental factor takes different values ​​as the degree of regulatory influence of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values; and grading and valuing the influence degrees from large to small to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values.

[0007] Optionally, in the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided by the present invention, the step of determining the weight of each environmental factor based on the contribution rate of its influence on the variation of water cycle elements includes: calculating the contribution rate of its influence on the variation of water cycle elements; normalizing the contribution rate corresponding to each environmental factor to obtain the weight of each environmental factor.

[0008] Optionally, in the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided by the present invention, the step of calculating the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements includes: calculating the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements based on the variation caused by each environmental factor on the water cycle elements, the errors caused by random factors, the degrees of freedom of each environmental factor and the degrees of freedom of random factors.

[0009] Optionally, in the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided by the present invention, the contribution rate of environmental factors to the variation of water cycle elements in the evaluation area is calculated by the following steps:

[0010]

[0011] S ij =(SS ij -SSE ij )×df i SE=SSE ij ×df SE

[0012] Among them, RC ij is the contribution rate of the i-th environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements before and after the construction of the j-th type of soil and water conservation measures; n is the number of environmental factors; SS ij is the variation caused by the i-th environmental factor; SSE ij is the error caused by random factors; df i and df SE are the degrees of freedom of the i-th environmental factor and random factor respectively.

[0013] Optionally, in the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided by the present invention, the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation is calculated by the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, RR j It represents the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the jth soil and water conservation measure in the area to be evaluated; Value ij represents the suitability of the i-th environmental factor to the j-th soil and water conservation measure, ω ij Represents the weight of the i-th environmental factor.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures, including: a module for determining an area to be evaluated, used to determine the area to be evaluated for the suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures; a suitability calculation module, used to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​according to the mean of the impact effect of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values; a weight calculation module, used to determine the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle elements; a comprehensive evaluation module, used to calculate the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated according to the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated.

[0017] The third aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, thereby executing the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0018] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The method and device for evaluating the spatial suitability of water and soil conservation measures in a watershed provided by the present invention determine a comprehensive index for suitability evaluation of water and soil conservation measures in the area to be evaluated by taking the mean value of the effects of water and soil conservation measures on water cycle elements when various environmental factors take different values, and the contribution rate of the influence of various environmental factors on the amplitude of water cycle elements. The mean value of the influence effect and the contribution rate of the influence used in determining the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation are determined based on actual data rather than based on expert experience. Therefore, the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation obtained by executing the present invention is more objective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a specific example of a method for evaluating spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of suitability evaluation results of slope-to-terrace conversion and deep tillage measures at different locations in the Sihe River Basin in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a principle block diagram of a specific example of a device for evaluating spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a principle block diagram of a specific example of a computer device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0029] Step S11: Determine the area to be evaluated for suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, different soil and water conservation measures correspond to different areas to be evaluated.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the soil and water conservation measures include farming measures such as deep tillage and ridge cultivation, engineering measures such as terrace construction, and biological measures such as returning farmland to forest and grassland.

[0032] Step S12: Determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when the environmental factors have different values, based on the mean values ​​of the effects of the soil and water conservation measures on the water cycle elements when the environmental factors have different values.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the environmental factors include topographic factors and meteorological factors, wherein the topographic factors include watershed digital elevation, slope, soil type and land use type, etc., and the meteorological factors include precipitation, temperature, etc.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, for the same environmental factor, when it takes different values, the suitability of the corresponding soil and water conservation measures is different.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, water cycle elements include but are not limited to runoff, infiltration and soil water formed by precipitation.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, when implementing soil and water conservation measures under different environments, the mean and deviation of at least one element change such as runoff, infiltration and soil water formed by the same precipitation before and after the implementation are obtained to form a data set; Meta-analysis statistical analysis methods are used to determine the mean of the effect of soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements under different environmental conditions. Exemplarily, the Getdata tool can be used to pick up experimental data in the literature and format them to form a data set.

[0037] Step S13: Determine the weight of each environmental factor according to its contribution rate to the variation of water cycle elements.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, soil and water conservation measures are implemented under different environments, and the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements is determined based on the variation of water cycle elements before and after the implementation.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, based on the data set established in S13, SPSS software is used to perform multi-factor variance analysis to quantify the contribution rate of environmental factors to the variation of key elements of the water cycle before and after the construction of soil and water conservation measures.

[0040] Step S14: Calculate the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated based on the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, when the area of ​​the area to be evaluated is large, the values ​​of the corresponding environmental factors are different at different locations in the area to be evaluated, and the suitability of each environmental factor for the construction of soil and water conservation measures is also different. Therefore, when the area of ​​the area to be evaluated is larger than the preset value, the area to be evaluated can be divided into multiple grids, and the suitability is determined according to the values ​​of the environmental factors in different grids, and the comprehensive index of the suitability level evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in each grid is calculated according to the suitability and weight, and finally the spatial distribution of the comprehensive index of the suitability level evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated is obtained.

[0042] The spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures provided in the embodiment of the present invention determines the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated by taking the mean value of the influence effect of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values, and the contribution rate of the influence of each environmental factor on the variation of the water cycle elements. The mean value of the influence effect and the contribution rate of the influence used in determining the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation are determined based on actual data rather than based on expert experience. Therefore, the comprehensive index for suitability evaluation obtained by executing the embodiment of the present invention is more objective.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the above step S11 specifically includes:

[0044] First, obtain the underlying surface information and meteorological information of the target watershed.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the underlying surface information includes information such as digital elevation, slope, soil type, and land use type at different locations in the target watershed.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the meteorological information includes precipitation information, temperature information, etc. at each location over multiple years.

[0047] Secondly, the meteorological information is interpolated into grid cells with the same resolution as the underlying surface information and fused to form the grid basement data of the target basin.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, in order to more accurately evaluate the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures at different locations, the underlying surface information is gridded according to a certain resolution in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the underlying surface information can be divided into a grid resolution of 90×90m.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the Resample tool in ARCGIS can be used to grade and reclassify the watershed slope, soil type and land use data, and unify them with the digital elevation data to a 90×90m grid resolution.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the multi-year mean of meteorological data for each station is calculated and the Interpolation tool in ARCGIS is used to select the IDW or Kriging difference method to interpolate the multi-year mean of station precipitation into a grid cell with the same resolution as the underlying surface information.

[0051] Finally, according to the environmental conditions suitable for the construction of the soil and water conservation measures and the grid base data of the target watershed, the grid units in the target watershed that meet the environmental conditions are determined as the areas to be evaluated, and the remaining parts are areas that are not suitable for the construction of soil and water conservation measures.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, the environmental conditions suitable for the construction of soil and water conservation measures can refer to the records of suitable environmental conditions for the construction of typical soil and water conservation measures in technical standards such as "Technical Specifications for Comprehensive Soil and Water Conservation Management", "Technical Specifications for Deep Plowing Operations", "Technical Regulations for Corn Straw Mulching and Returning to Fields" and "Technical Specifications for Horizontal Terrace Construction", combined with field surveys in the study area and expert experience. The environmental conditions include soil properties, land use conditions and slope conditions, etc., as shown in Table 1 below.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055] In an optional embodiment, different soil and water conservation measures have different corresponding environmental conditions. For example, taking the slope-to-terrace conversion as an example, the suitable area is limited to cultivated land, forest land, grassland and bare land with a slope of 3-35° and an effective soil depth of ≥40 cm, and the cultivated land, forest land, grassland and bare land grid units that meet the slope of 3-35° and the effective soil depth of ≥40 cm in the target watershed are determined as the area to be evaluated.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present invention, if the environment at a certain location does not meet the environmental conditions suitable for the construction of soil and water conservation measures, it means that the location is not suitable for implementing the soil and water conservation measures, and there is no need to continue the suitability evaluation.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the above step S12 specifically includes:

[0058] Firstly, the average value of the impact of soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements in the evaluation area when each environmental factor takes different values ​​is determined as the degree of regulatory influence of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values.

[0059] Then, the impact degrees are graded and valued from large to small to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the suitability value is 1-4 according to the classification of each environmental factor.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the above step S13 specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] Firstly, the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements in the assessment area is calculated.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle elements is calculated based on the variation of each environmental factor on the water cycle elements, the error caused by the random factors, the degree of freedom of each environmental factor and the degree of freedom of the random factors:

[0064]

[0065] S ij =(SS ij -SSE ij )×df i SE=SSE ij ×df SE

[0066] Among them, RC ij is the contribution rate of the i-th environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements before and after the construction of the j-th type of soil and water conservation measures; n is the number of environmental factors; SS ij is the variation caused by the i-th environmental factor; SSE ij is the error caused by random factors; df i and df SE are the degrees of freedom of the i-th environmental factor and random factor respectively.

[0067] Then, the impact contribution rate corresponding to each environmental factor is normalized to obtain the weight of each environmental factor:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, ω ij It represents the influence weight of the i-th environmental factor on the j-th type of soil and water conservation measures in regulating water cycle elements.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation is calculated by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, RR jIt represents the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the jth soil and water conservation measure in the area to be evaluated; Value ij represents the suitability of the i-th environmental factor to the j-th soil and water conservation measure, ω ij Represents the weight of the i-th environmental factor.

[0073] In an alternative embodiment, RR j The calculated value is between 1 and 4, where:

[0074] 1 <RR j ≤2, indicating general suitability;

[0075] 2 <RR j ≤3, indicating moderate suitability;

[0076] 3 <RR j ≤4, indicating a highly suitable level.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, taking the Sihe River Basin as an example, the total area of ​​the study area is about 2613.72km 2 , the terrain is high in the east and low in the west, with an elevation range of 23-658m; the main land use is cultivated land, accounting for 66.1% of the area; the main soil type is brown soil, accounting for 29% of the total area of ​​the basin. In response to the problem of soil erosion, the study area has carried out soil and water conservation measures, mainly including deep tillage, straw return to field and slope-to-terrace engineering construction, and the implementation area accounts for 25.2% of the total area of ​​the basin. Using the Raster Calculator tool in ARCGIS, the suitability comprehensive index of various typical soil and water conservation measures in each evaluation unit (grid) of the basin was calculated to determine the spatial distribution of different suitability levels of various measures in the basin. Taking slope-to-terrace and deep tillage measures as examples, the slope-to-terrace construction area in the study area accounts for 4.7% of the basin area, mainly distributed in the southern mountainous area, with a medium suitability level as the main level, accounting for 90.2% of the total area of ​​the suitable construction area; the deep tillage construction area accounts for 53.5% of the total basin area, mainly with a high suitability level, see for details. Figure 2 .

[0078] The embodiment of the present invention provides a spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0079] The module 21 for determining the area to be evaluated is used to determine the area to be evaluated for suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed. For details, please refer to the description of step S11 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0080] The suitability calculation module 22 is used to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​according to the mean value of the impact of the soil and water conservation measures on the water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values. For details, please refer to the description of step S12 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0081] The weight calculation module 23 is used to determine the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element. For details, please refer to the description of step S13 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] The comprehensive evaluation module 24 is used to calculate the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated according to the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated. For details, please refer to the description of step S14 in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, such as Figure 4 As shown, the computer device mainly includes one or more processors 31 and a memory 32. Figure 4 A processor 31 is taken as an example.

[0084] The computer device may further include: an input device 33 and an output device 34 .

[0085] The processor 31, the memory 32, the input device 33 and the output device 34 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 4 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0086] The processor 31 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 31 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or a combination of the above chips. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc. The memory 32 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures, etc. In addition, the memory 32 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 32 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 31, and these remote memories may be connected to the spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures via a network. The input device 33 can receive the calculation request (or other digital or character information) input by the user, and generate key signal input related to the spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures. The output device 34 can include a display device such as a display screen to output the calculation results.

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, which can execute the spatial suitability evaluation method of watershed soil and water conservation measures in any of the above method embodiments. Among them, the storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0088] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the spatial suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures, characterized in that: The steps include: Identify areas to be evaluated for suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed; According to the average value of the effect of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when the environmental factors take different values, determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when the environmental factors take different values; Determine the weight of each environmental factor according to its contribution to the variation of water cycle elements; Calculate the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated according to the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated; The step of determining the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element comprises: Calculate the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle elements; Normalizing the impact contribution rate corresponding to each of the environmental factors to obtain the weight of each of the environmental factors; The step of calculating the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element comprises: Calculate the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element according to the variation of each environmental factor on the water cycle element, the error caused by the random factor, the degree of freedom of each environmental factor and the degree of freedom of the random factor; The contribution rate of the environmental factors to the variation of water cycle elements in the area to be evaluated is calculated by the following steps: S ij =(SS ij -SSE ij )×df i SE=SSE ij ×df SE Among them, RC ij is the contribution rate of the i-th environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements before and after the construction of the j-th type of soil and water conservation measures; n is the number of environmental factors; SS ij is the variation caused by the i-th environmental factor; SSE ij is the error caused by random factors; df i and df SE are the degrees of freedom of the i-th environmental factor and random factor respectively.

2. The spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps to identify areas to be evaluated for suitability of watershed soil and water conservation measures include: Obtain the underlying surface information and meteorological information of the target watershed; Interpolating the meteorological information into grid cells with the same resolution as the underlying surface information, and fusing them to form grid basement data of the target watershed; According to the environmental conditions suitable for the construction of the soil and water conservation measures and the grid base data of the target watershed, the grid units in the target watershed that meet the environmental conditions are determined as the area to be evaluated, and the remaining parts are areas unsuitable for the construction of soil and water conservation measures.

3. The spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of determining the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when the environmental factors take different values ​​according to the mean value of the effects of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when the environmental factors take different values ​​comprises: The average value of the effect of the soil and water conservation measures on the water cycle elements in the area to be evaluated when the environmental factors take different values ​​is determined as the degree of regulation of the soil and water conservation measures on the water cycle elements when the environmental factors take different values; The impact degrees are graded and valued from large to small to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when the environmental factors take different values.

4. The spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comprehensive index of suitability evaluation is calculated by the following formula: Among them, RR j It represents the comprehensive index of suitability evaluation of the jth soil and water conservation measure in the area to be evaluated; Value ij represents the suitability of the i-th environmental factor to the j-th soil and water conservation measure, ω ij Represents the weight of the i-th environmental factor.

5. A spatial suitability evaluation device for watershed soil and water conservation measures, characterized in that: include: The module for determining the area to be evaluated is used to determine the area to be evaluated for suitability of water and soil conservation measures in the watershed; A suitability calculation module is used to determine the suitability of the soil and water conservation measures when each environmental factor takes different values ​​according to the average value of the impact of the soil and water conservation measures on water cycle elements when each environmental factor takes different values; A weight calculation module, used to determine the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements; A comprehensive evaluation module, used to calculate a comprehensive index for suitability evaluation of the soil and water conservation measures in the area to be evaluated based on the suitability and weight of each environmental factor in the area to be evaluated; The step of determining the weight of each environmental factor according to the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element comprises: Calculate the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle elements; Normalizing the impact contribution rate corresponding to each of the environmental factors to obtain the weight of each of the environmental factors; The step of calculating the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element comprises: Calculate the contribution rate of each environmental factor to the variation of the water cycle element according to the variation of each environmental factor on the water cycle element, the error caused by the random factor, the degree of freedom of each environmental factor and the degree of freedom of the random factor; The contribution rate of the environmental factors to the variation of water cycle elements in the area to be evaluated is calculated by the following steps: S ij =(SS ij -SSE ij )×df i SE=SSE ij ×df SE Among them, RC ij is the contribution rate of the i-th environmental factor to the variation of water cycle elements before and after the construction of the j-th type of soil and water conservation measures; n is the number of environmental factors; SS ij is the variation caused by the i-th environmental factor; SSE ij is the error caused by random factors; df i and df SE are the degrees of freedom of the i-th environmental factor and random factor respectively.

6. A computer device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to execute the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the spatial suitability evaluation method for watershed soil and water conservation measures according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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