A ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device

Abstract

This invention relates to a ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device, comprising a gear train support, a gear train support cover plate, a drive motor base, a drive motor, a ratchet shaft, a pawl, a pawl shaft, a pawl spring, a rotary drive gear, a rotary driven gear, a through gear, a gear key, a polarizer rotating gear, a polarizer, a polarizer threaded retaining ring, a rotary switching wheel, a rotary switching wheel bearing, a rotary switching wheel bearing retaining ring, a ratchet shaft bearing, a ratchet shaft bearing retaining ring, a polarizer rotating gear bearing, a polarizer rotating gear bearing retaining ring, a polarizer rotating gear pressure plate, a polarizer proximity switch, a rotary switching wheel proximity switch, a proximity switch bracket, a proximity switch clamping nut, a positioning ball, a positioning ball spring, etc. This invention achieves the functions of correction baffle entry / exit, polarizer rotation, and polarizer entry / exit, solving the problem of rapid switching between non-uniform correction, normal infrared imaging, and infrared polarization imaging functions in a compact space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical component fixing technology, specifically relating to a ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device. Background Technology

[0002] Infrared polarization imaging is a novel imaging detection technology. Unlike traditional infrared imaging, it not only acquires the infrared radiation intensity information of a target scene but also its polarization information. This rich information facilitates target detection and identification in complex environments. Furthermore, since the polarization of an object is closely related to its inherent properties, infrared polarization imaging can provide information such as the object's material, texture, and surface roughness, revealing more of the target's contour structure and elevating target identification from surface structure to spatial structure. This technology, with its unique characteristics and advantages, has broad application prospects in the field of target detection and identification, particularly demonstrating significant value in dealing with complex environments involving camouflage, stealth, and interference.

[0003] To obtain polarization images in different polarization directions, polarizers are typically used in infrared polarization imaging systems. A motor drives the polarizer to rotate, enabling the detection and identification of infrared polarization images in different polarization directions, providing data support for subsequent target calculation. Generally, at least three infrared polarization images in different polarization directions are required before subsequent target polarization state calculations can be performed.

[0004] In addition, to improve the detection accuracy of the infrared polarization imaging system, a non-uniformity correction mechanism needs to be set up in the infrared polarization imaging system. By cutting the correction baffle into the optical system and correcting the infrared detector, the image blurring caused by the non-uniformity of the detector is further reduced. In order to facilitate the subsequent polarization image processing, the infrared polarization imaging system often needs to be set to a non-polarization working mode. At this time, the polarizer needs to be cut out of the optical system so that the infrared thermal imager outputs infrared images as ordinary thermal imaging sights. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to realize the functions of correction baffle cutting in and out, polarizer rotation, and polarizer cutting in and out in an infrared polarization imaging system, this invention proposes a ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device mainly consists of a gear train support, a gear train support cover plate, a drive motor base, a drive motor, a ratchet shaft, a pawl, a pawl shaft, a pawl spring, a rotary drive gear, a rotary driven gear, a through gear, a gear key, a polarizer rotating gear, a polarizer, a polarizer threaded pressure ring, a rotary switching wheel, a rotary switching wheel bearing, a rotary switching wheel bearing pressure ring, a ratchet shaft bearing, a ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring, a polarizer rotating gear bearing, a polarizer rotating gear bearing pressure ring, a polarizer rotating gear pressure plate, a polarizer proximity switch, a rotary switching wheel proximity switch, a proximity switch bracket, a proximity switch clamping nut, a positioning ball, and a positioning ball spring.

[0008] The wheel train support cover plate is installed and fixed on the wheel train support. The cylindrical through hole on the wheel train support is coaxial with the cylindrical through hole on the wheel train support cover plate, which is used to provide a channel for radiated light to enter and exit.

[0009] The drive motor is mounted and fixed on the drive motor mount; the drive motor mount is mounted and fixed on the gear train support. The rotary drive gear is mounted and fixed on the drive shaft of the drive motor.

[0010] The rotary switching wheel is mounted and fixed to the ratchet shaft via the rotary switching wheel bearing, and can rotate relative to the ratchet shaft. The rotary switching wheel bearing pressure ring is threadedly connected to the rotary switching wheel, thus fixing the rotary switching wheel bearing in place.

[0011] The driven gear and the through gear are respectively mounted and fixed to the ratchet shaft via gear keys, allowing them to rotate with the ratchet shaft. Both ends of the ratchet shaft are mounted and fixed to the gear train support and the gear train support cover plate via ratchet shaft bearings, allowing them to rotate relative to the gear train support and the gear train support cover plate. The ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring can be connected to the threads on the gear train support and the gear train support cover plate, providing a fixing function for the ratchet shaft bearing.

[0012] The pawl is mounted and fixed to the rotary switching wheel via the pawl shaft; the pawl shaft is the center of rotation for the pawl. One end of the pawl spring is mounted and fixed to the pawl, and the other end is mounted and fixed to the rotary switching wheel; the pawl matches the ratchet on the pawl shaft; the pawl spring provides pressure to the pawl, ensuring that the pawl does not disengage during rotation.

[0013] The rotating switching wheel is uniformly provided with through holes, non-uniform correction baffle holes, and polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes along its central axis. The through holes are cylindrical holes with the center hollowed out, allowing light to enter and exit freely. The non-uniform correction baffle holes are circular planes with non-uniform correction coating sprayed on their inner and outer surfaces, which are partially blocked. The polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes provide space for the installation and fixing of the polarizer rotating gear bearing.

[0014] The outer ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing is fixedly mounted on the rotating switching wheel via the polarizer rotating gear bearing pressure ring, and the inner ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing is connected to the polarizer rotating gear. Both the polarizer rotating gear and the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate are fixedly mounted on the polarizer rotating gear bearing, allowing the polarizer rotating gear to rotate relative to the rotating switching wheel.

[0015] The polarizer is installed inside the polarizer rotating gear and is pressed and fixed by the polarizer threaded pressure ring.

[0016] The rotary drive gear meshes with the rotary driven gear; the polarizer rotary gear meshes with the through gear.

[0017] The polarizer proximity switch and the rotary switching wheel proximity switch are respectively mounted on the proximity switch bracket, and the proximity switch clamping nut is threadedly connected to the proximity switch bracket. The tail end of the proximity switch bracket is threaded, and the proximity switch bracket is installed and fixed in the threaded hole on the wheel train support.

[0018] The rotary switching wheel proximity switch is installed near the outer side of the wheel system support, and its position does not coincide with the movement area of ​​the cylindrical protrusion on the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate; the polarizer proximity switch is installed near the inner side of the wheel system support, and its position does not coincide with the movement area of ​​the cylindrical protrusion on the rotary switching wheel.

[0019] The positioning ball is pressed into the positioning ball movement track on the rotating switching wheel by the positioning ball spring. One end of the positioning ball spring is connected to the positioning ball, and the other end of the positioning ball spring is mounted and fixed on the wheel train support.

[0020] The aforementioned ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device also has four cylindrical through holes at the bottom of the gear train support, which serve as external mechanical interfaces for the mounting and fixing device.

[0021] The aforementioned ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device has a zero-position marking on the polarizer for identifying the polarization direction.

[0022] The polarizer is a ZnSe metal wire grid polarizer with an extinction ratio of 200:1 and a transmittance wavelength range of 2μm to 30μm.

[0023] The aforementioned ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device uses a servo motor with an encoder as the drive motor.

[0024] The aforementioned ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device has cylindrical protrusions on the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate, which correspond to the zero-position markings on the polarizer; cylindrical protrusions are also provided on the outer side of the rotating switching wheel.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] A ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device realizes the functions of correction baffle cutting in and out, polarizer rotation, and polarizer cutting in and out in an infrared polarization imaging system.

[0027] The mounting and fixing device of the present invention, by using a ratchet transmission mechanism, enables a function that originally required three motors to drive separately to be driven by one motor, effectively saving space and cost;

[0028] The mounting and fixing device of the present invention uses two proximity switches to detect the positions of the rotating switching wheel and the polarizer respectively, so as to effectively monitor the functional status of the device; by reasonably setting the positions of the two proximity switches, cross-induction can be further avoided.

[0029] The mounting and fixing device of the present invention uses a positioning ball device for limiting and a drive motor with a code disk for driving, which can achieve precise positioning of each cutting-in and cutting-out element.

[0030] The installation and fixing device of the present invention comprehensively utilizes transmission mechanisms such as gears and ratchet, resulting in a compact and reasonable structural layout.

[0031] The mounting and fixing device of the present invention, based on the existing device, further increases the types of cutting optical elements, and realizes more functional integration and expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device of the present invention with the drive motor in front;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the device of the present invention with the drive motor in the rear.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a front view of the device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention viewed from the left through the center line of the ratchet shaft;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a top view of the device of the present invention, taken through the center line of the ratchet shaft;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a top view of the device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a rear view of the device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a partial rear view of the device of the present invention. The components of the gear train support cover plate 2, the through gear 11, the gear key 12, the ratchet shaft bearing 19, and the ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring 20 are not shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention in infrared polarization imaging mode;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention in an infrared polarization imaging system.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Gear train support; 2. Gear train support cover plate; 3. Drive motor mount; 4. Drive motor; 5. Ratchet shaft; 6. Pad; 7. Pad shaft; 8. Pad spring; 9. Rotary drive gear; 10. Rotary driven gear; 11. Through gear; 12. Gear key; 13. Polarizing plate rotating gear; 14. Polarizing plate; 15. Polarizing plate threaded retaining ring; 16. Rotary switching wheel; 17. Rotary switching wheel bearing; 18. Rotary switching wheel bearing retaining ring; 19. Ratchet shaft bearing; 20. Ratchet shaft bearing retaining ring; 21. Polarizing plate rotating gear bearing; 22. Polarizing plate rotating gear bearing retaining ring; 23. Polarizing plate rotating gear pressure plate; 24. Polarizing plate proximity switch; 25. Rotary switching wheel proximity switch; 26. Proximity switch bracket; 27. Proximity switch clamping nut; 28. Positioning ball; 29. ​​Positioning ball spring. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device mainly consists of a gear train support 1, a gear train support cover plate 2, a drive motor base 3, a drive motor 4, a ratchet shaft 5, a pawl 6, a pawl shaft 7, a pawl spring 8, a rotary drive gear 9, a rotary driven gear 10, a through gear 11, a gear key 12, a polarizer rotating gear 13, a polarizer 14, a polarizer threaded retaining ring 15, a rotary switching wheel 16, a rotary switching wheel bearing 17, a rotary switching wheel bearing retaining ring 18, a ratchet shaft bearing 19, a ratchet shaft bearing retaining ring 20, a polarizer rotating gear bearing 21, a polarizer rotating gear bearing retaining ring 22, a polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23, a polarizer proximity switch 24, a rotary switching wheel proximity switch 25, a proximity switch bracket 26, a proximity switch clamping nut 27, a positioning ball 28, and a positioning ball spring 29. Figure 1 As shown.

[0046] The gear train support 1 serves as the mounting platform for the entire ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device. The gear train support 1 provides mounting surfaces and holes for the gear train support cover plate 2, drive motor mount 3, ratchet shaft bearing 19, ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring 20, proximity switch bracket 26, and positioning ball spring 29. The bottom of the gear train support 1 has four cylindrical through holes, serving as the external mechanical interface for the entire device. The form of the mechanical interface can be adjusted according to the actual usage environment.

[0047] The wheel train support cover plate 2 has countersunk holes and can be fixed to the wheel train support 1 with screws. The wheel train support 1 has a cylindrical through hole, which serves as a channel for radiated light to exit; the wheel train support cover plate 2 has a cylindrical through hole, which serves as a channel for radiated light to enter. After installation, the cylindrical through holes on the wheel train support 1 and the wheel train support cover plate 2 are coaxial, providing a channel for radiated light to enter and exit.

[0048] The drive motor 4 is a servo motor with an encoder, which is mounted and fixed on the drive motor mount 3. The drive motor mount 3 has through holes and can be fixed to the gear train support 1 with screws. The rotary drive gear 9 can be fixed to the drive shaft of the drive motor 4 with screws.

[0049] The rotary switching wheel 16 is mounted and fixed to the ratchet shaft 5 via the rotary switching wheel bearing 17, and can rotate relative to the ratchet shaft 5. The rotary switching wheel bearing retaining ring 18 can be connected to the thread on the rotary switching wheel 16, and serves to fix the rotary switching wheel bearing 17. The ratchet shaft 5 has keyways on both sides, and the driven gear 10 and the guide gear 11 are respectively mounted and fixed to the ratchet shaft 5 via the gear key 12, and can rotate with the ratchet shaft 5. Both ends of the ratchet shaft 5 are mounted and fixed to the gear train support 1 and the gear train support cover plate 2 via the ratchet shaft bearing 19, and can rotate relative to the gear train support 1 and the gear train support cover plate 2. The ratchet shaft bearing retaining ring 20 can be connected to the thread on the gear train support 1 and the gear train support cover plate 2, and serves to fix the ratchet shaft bearing 19.

[0050] The pawl 6 is mounted and fixed to the rotary switching wheel 16 via the pawl shaft 7; the pawl shaft 7 is the center for the rotational movement of the pawl 6. One end of the pawl spring 8 is mounted and fixed to the pawl 6, and the other end is mounted and fixed to the rotary switching wheel 16; the pawl 6 can cooperate with the ratchet on the pawl shaft 7; the pawl spring 8 provides pressure to the pawl 6, ensuring that the pawl 6 does not disengage during rotational movement.

[0051] The rotating switching wheel 16 has through holes, non-uniform correction baffle holes, and polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes evenly distributed along its central axis. The through holes are cylindrical holes with a hollow center, allowing light to enter and exit freely. The non-uniform correction baffle holes are circular planes with a central obstruction and non-uniform correction coating on both the inner and outer surfaces. The polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes provide space for the installation and fixing of the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21. The outer ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21 is fixed to the rotating switching wheel 16 via the polarizer rotating gear bearing pressure ring 22, and the inner ring is connected to the polarizer rotating gear 13. The polarizer rotating gear 13 and the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23 are fixed to the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21 with screws, allowing the polarizer rotating gear 13 to rotate relative to the rotating switching wheel 16.

[0052] The polarizer 14 is installed inside the polarizer rotating gear 13 and is pressed and fixed by the polarizer threaded clamping ring 15. The polarizer 14 is a ZnSe metal wire grid polarizer with an extinction ratio of 200:1, and can transmit wavelengths from 2μm to 30μm, covering the mid-wave infrared to long-wave infrared band. The polarizer 14 is provided with a zero-position marking line, which can be used to identify the polarization direction.

[0053] The rotary drive gear 9 can mesh with the rotary driven gear 10; the polarizer rotary gear 13 can mesh with the through gear 11; thereby driving the rotational motion of the polarizer 14.

[0054] The polarizer proximity switch 24 and the rotary switching wheel proximity switch 25 are respectively mounted on the proximity switch bracket 26. The front end of the proximity switch bracket 26 is provided with threads and an elastic plate. The proximity switch clamping nut 27 is threadedly connected to the proximity switch bracket 26, which serves to fix the proximity switch. The rear end of the proximity switch bracket 26 is threaded and can be installed and fixed in the threaded hole on the wheel support 1.

[0055] The polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23 is provided with cylindrical protrusions that can be sensed by the polarizer proximity switch 24. During installation and fixation, it is necessary to ensure that the cylindrical protrusions correspond to the zero-position markings on the polarizer 14. The outer side of the rotating switching wheel 16 is provided with cylindrical protrusions that can be sensed by the rotating switching wheel proximity switch 25. The rotating switching wheel proximity switch 25 is installed close to the outer side of the gear train support 1, and its movement area does not overlap with that of the cylindrical protrusions on the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23. The polarizer proximity switch 24 is installed close to the inner side of the gear train support 1, and its movement area does not overlap with that of the cylindrical protrusions on the rotating switching wheel 16. Therefore, it is ensured that the rotating switching wheel proximity switch 25 and the polarizer proximity switch 24 will not cross-sensitize.

[0056] The rotating switching wheel 16 has a positioning ball movement track on its side and three positioning point grooves. The positioning ball 28 is pressed into the positioning ball movement track on the rotating switching wheel 16 by the positioning ball spring 29. One end of the positioning ball spring 29 is connected to the positioning ball 28, and the other end is fixed to the wheel system support 1.

[0057] When any of the holes on the rotating switching wheel 16, the non-uniform correction hole, or the polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting hole are collinear with the center of the radiation light emission hole on the gear train support 1, the positioning ball 28 can enter the positioning point groove under the action of the spring thrust.

[0058] The assembly process of the ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device of the present invention is as follows:

[0059] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the drive motor 4 is mounted and fixed in the drive motor mount 3, the drive motor mount 3 is mounted and fixed in the gear train support 1, and the rotary drive gear 9 is mounted and fixed in the drive shaft of the drive motor 4. The polarizer proximity switch 24 is mounted in the proximity switch bracket 25 and fixed with the proximity switch clamping nut 27; the rotary switching wheel proximity switch 25 is mounted in the proximity switch bracket 25 and fixed with the proximity switch clamping nut 27; the two proximity switch brackets 26, after being mounted and fixed, are sequentially fixed in the corresponding threaded holes on the gear train support 1. The ratchet shaft bearing 19 is mounted in the gear train support 1 and fixed with the ratchet shaft bearing pressure plate 20.

[0060] The polarizer 14 is installed and fixed inside the polarizer rotating gear 13 via the polarizer threaded retaining ring 15; the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21 is installed in the polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting hole on the rotating switching wheel 16; the outer ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21 is fixed by the polarizer rotating gear bearing retaining plate 22; the polarizer rotating gear 13 and the inner ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing 21 are fixed by the polarizer rotating gear retaining plate 23; at the same time, pay attention to aligning the cylindrical protrusion on the polarizer rotating gear retaining plate with the zero-position marking line on the polarizer 14. The rotating switching wheel bearing 17 is installed on the rotating switching wheel 16 and fixed by the rotating switching wheel bearing retaining ring 18. The pawl 6 is installed on the rotating switching wheel 16 and fixed by the pawl shaft 7, providing a rotating shaft for the rotational movement of the pawl 6; the pawl spring is installed and fixed between the pawl 6 and the rotating switching wheel 16.

[0061] Insert the ratchet shaft 5 into the inner ring of the rotary switching wheel bearing 17, and adjust the pawl 6 and the mating part on the ratchet shaft 5 into place. Install and fix the rotary driven gear 10 onto the ratchet shaft 5 via the gear key 12; install and fix the through gear 11 onto the ratchet shaft 5 via the gear key 12.

[0062] The positioning ball spring 29 is installed and fixed on the gear train support 1. The positioning ball 28 is placed on the positioning ball spring 29. The rotary switching wheel 16, after the above installation is completed, is installed and fixed in the gear train support 1 through the ratchet shaft 5, so that the positioning ball 28 is fixed under the combined action of the positioning ball spring 29 and the rotary switching wheel 16. During assembly, pay attention to meshing the rotary drive gear 9 with the rotary driven gear 10, and meshing the through gear 11 with the polarizer rotating gear 13. Also, pay attention to the position of the cylindrical protrusion on the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23.

[0063] The ratchet shaft bearing 19 is installed inside the wheel train support cover plate 2 and fixed by the ratchet shaft bearing pressure plate 20. The wheel train support cover plate 2 is then installed and fixed to the wheel train support 1.

[0064] The self-inspection and working process of a ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device is as follows:

[0065] When the infrared polarization imaging system is powered on and undergoing a self-test, the drive motor 4 drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise, causing the rotary drive gear 9 to rotate clockwise and the rotary driven gear 10 to rotate counterclockwise. Under the action of the gear key 12, the ratchet shaft 7 rotates counterclockwise. Under the action of the pawl 6 and the pawl spring 8, the rotary switching wheel 16 rotates counterclockwise. Simultaneously, under the action of the gear key 12, the counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet shaft 7 drives the through gear 11 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby causing the polarizer rotating gear 13 and the polarizer 14 to rotate clockwise. That is, when the infrared polarization imaging system is powered on and undergoing a self-test, the clockwise rotation of the drive motor 4 drives the rotary switching wheel 16 to rotate counterclockwise, and simultaneously drives the polarizer 14 to rotate clockwise and revolve counterclockwise around the rotary switching wheel 16.

[0066] During rotation, when the rotating switching wheel 16 rotates until its outer cylindrical protrusion coincides with the axis of the rotating switching wheel proximity switch 25, the rotating switching wheel proximity switch 25 will sense the position of the outer cylindrical protrusion of the rotating switching wheel 16 and send a position signal. After receiving the position signal, the control component will set the position data of the drive motor encoder to zero. The infrared polarization system will then identify the positions of the through hole, the non-uniform correction baffle hole, and the polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting hole on the rotating switching wheel 16.

[0067] When a normal infrared image command is sent, the drive motor 4 drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise, driving the rotary switching wheel 16 to rotate, so that the position of the through hole on the rotary switching wheel 16 is coaxial with the cylindrical through hole on the wheel support 1; then the drive motor 4 stops rotating, and the positioning ball 28 is pressed into the positioning point groove on the rotary switching wheel 16 under the action of the positioning ball spring 29, so that the rotary switching wheel 16 is locked.

[0068] When a non-uniform correction command is sent, the drive motor 4 drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise, driving the rotary switching wheel 16 to rotate, so that the position of the non-uniform correction baffle on the rotary switching wheel 16 is coaxial with the cylindrical through hole on the wheel support 1; then the drive motor 4 stops rotating, and the positioning ball 28 is pressed into the positioning point groove on the rotary switching wheel 16 under the action of the positioning ball spring 29, so that the rotary switching wheel 16 is locked.

[0069] When an infrared polarization imaging command is sent, the drive motor 4 drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise, driving the rotary switching wheel 16 to rotate, so that the position of the polarizer on the rotary switching wheel 16 is coaxial with the cylindrical through hole on the wheel support 1. Subsequently, the drive motor 4 rotates counterclockwise, the meshing of the pawl 6 and the ratchet shaft 5 disappears, and the rotary switching wheel 16 stops rotating. The positioning ball 28 is pressed into the positioning point groove on the rotary switching wheel 16 under the action of the positioning ball spring 29, locking the rotary switching wheel 16. At the same time, under the driving action of the through gear 11, the polarizer rotating gear 13, the polarizer 14, and the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate 23 rotate counterclockwise. When the polarizer rotating gear plate 23 rotates until its outer cylindrical protrusion coincides with the axis of the polarizer proximity switch 24, the polarizer proximity switch 24 senses the position of the cylindrical protrusion on the polarizer rotating gear plate 23 and sends a position signal. At this time, the polarizer is in the zero position, and the infrared polarization imaging system records the polarization image at this time. Subsequently, under the driving action of the drive motor 4, the polarizer 14 continues to rotate, and the infrared polarization imaging system sequentially records the polarization images when the polarizer is in the polarization states of 45°, 90°, and 135°, as input for subsequent image processing, thereby realizing the infrared polarization imaging function.

Claims

1. A ratchet-driven polarizer mounting and fixing device, characterized in that, It mainly consists of a wheel train support (1), a wheel train support cover plate (2), a drive motor base (3), a drive motor (4), a ratchet shaft (5), a pawl (6), a pawl shaft (7), a pawl spring (8), a rotary drive gear (9), a rotary driven gear (10), a through gear (11), a gear key (12), a polarizer rotary gear (13), a polarizer (14), a polarizer threaded pressure ring (15), a rotary switching wheel (16), a rotary switching wheel bearing (17), a rotary switching wheel bearing pressure ring (18), a ratchet shaft bearing (19), a ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring (20), a polarizer rotary gear bearing (21), a polarizer rotary gear bearing pressure ring (22), a polarizer rotary gear pressure plate (23), a polarizer proximity switch (24), a rotary switching wheel proximity switch (25), a proximity switch bracket (26), a proximity switch clamping nut (27), a positioning ball (28), and a positioning ball spring (29); The wheel train support cover plate (2) is installed and fixed on the wheel train support (1); the cylindrical through hole on the wheel train support (1) and the cylindrical through hole on the wheel train support cover plate (2) are coaxial and are used to provide a channel for the radiation light to enter and exit. The drive motor (4) is mounted and fixed on the drive motor seat (3); the drive motor seat (3) is mounted and fixed on the gear train support (1); the rotary drive gear (9) is mounted and fixed on the drive shaft of the drive motor (4); The rotary switching wheel (16) is mounted and fixed on the ratchet shaft (5) via the rotary switching wheel bearing (17), and can rotate relative to the ratchet shaft (5); the rotary switching wheel bearing pressure ring (18) is threadedly connected to the rotary switching wheel (16), and plays a fixing role for the rotary switching wheel bearing (17); The driven gear (10) and the through gear (11) are respectively mounted and fixed on the ratchet shaft (5) via gear keys (12) on the ratchet shaft (5), and can rotate with the ratchet shaft (5); both ends of the ratchet shaft (5) are mounted and fixed on the gear train support (1) and the gear train support cover plate (2) via ratchet shaft bearings (19), and can rotate relative to the gear train support (1) and the gear train support cover plate (2); the ratchet shaft bearing pressure ring (20) can be connected to the threads on the gear train support (1) and the gear train support cover plate (2), and plays a fixing role for the ratchet shaft bearing (19); The pawl (6) is mounted and fixed on the rotary switching wheel (16) via the pawl shaft (7); the pawl shaft (7) is the center for the rotational movement of the pawl (6); one end of the pawl spring (8) is mounted and fixed on the pawl (6), and the other end is mounted and fixed on the rotary switching wheel (16); the pawl (6) matches the ratchet on the pawl shaft (7); the pawl spring (8) provides pressure to the pawl (6) to ensure that the pawl (6) does not disengage during rotational movement; The rotating switching wheel (16) is uniformly provided with through holes, non-uniform correction baffle holes, and polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes along its central axis. The through holes are cylindrical holes with the center hollowed out, allowing light to enter and exit freely. The non-uniform correction baffle holes are circular planes with the center blocked and the inner and outer surfaces sprayed with non-uniform correction coating. The polarizer rotating gear bearing mounting holes provide space for the installation and fixing of the polarizer rotating gear bearing (21). The outer ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing (21) is mounted and fixed on the rotating switching wheel (16) through the polarizer rotating gear bearing pressure ring (22), and the inner ring of the polarizer rotating gear bearing (21) is connected to the polarizer rotating gear (13); the polarizer rotating gear (13) and the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate (23) are both mounted and fixed on the polarizer rotating gear bearing (21), so that the polarizer rotating gear (13) can rotate relative to the rotating switching wheel (16); The polarizer (14) is installed inside the polarizer rotating gear (13) and is pressed and fixed by the polarizer threaded pressure ring (15); The rotary drive gear (9) meshes with the rotary driven gear (10); the polarizer rotary gear (13) meshes with the through gear (11); The polarizer proximity switch (24) and the rotary switching wheel proximity switch (25) are respectively mounted on the proximity switch bracket (26). The proximity switch clamping nut (27) is connected to the proximity switch bracket (26) by a thread. The tail end of the proximity switch bracket (26) is provided with a thread, and the proximity switch bracket (26) is installed and fixed in the threaded hole on the wheel support (1). The rotary switching wheel proximity switch (25) is installed close to the outer side of the wheel system support (1), and its movement area does not coincide with that of the cylindrical protrusion on the polarizer rotary gear pressure plate (23); the polarizer proximity switch (24) is installed close to the inner side of the wheel system support (1), and its movement area does not coincide with that of the cylindrical protrusion on the rotary switching wheel (16). The positioning ball (28) is pressed into the positioning ball movement track on the rotating switching wheel (16) by the positioning ball spring (29); one end of the positioning ball spring (29) is connected to the positioning ball (28), and the other end of the positioning ball spring (29) is installed and fixed on the wheel support (1).

2. The ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the wheel support (1) is also provided with four cylindrical through holes, which serve as the external mechanical interfaces of the mounting and fixing device.

3. The ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarizer (14) is provided with zero-position markings for identifying the polarization direction; The polarizer (14) is a ZnSe metal wire grid polarizer with an extinction ratio of 200:1 and a transmittance wavelength range of 2μm to 30μm.

4. The ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (4) is a servo motor with an encoder.

5. The ratchet drive polarizer mounting and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarizer rotating gear pressure plate (23) is provided with cylindrical protrusions, and the cylindrical protrusions on the polarizer rotating gear pressure plate (23) correspond to the zero position markings on the polarizer (14); the outer side of the rotating switching wheel (16) is provided with cylindrical protrusions.

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