Water-cooled reactor for short circuit current impulse protection systems

Abstract

A water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system includes a reactor winding formed by winding metal conductors, a water-cooled tube winding, a positive lead-out terminal, a negative lead-out terminal, a water collector, and a tensioning device. In the aforementioned water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system, the water-cooled tube is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. The tensioning device, the water-cooled tube winding, and the reactor winding are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The tensioning device applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooled tube winding, so that the water-cooled tube winding located between the tensioning device and the reactor winding remains relatively fixed after close contact with the reactor winding. When the reactor winding deforms, the water-cooled tube winding and the reactor winding can move relative to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a reactor, and more particularly to a water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, almost all power systems may face overall or partial short-circuit faults. When a circuit is short-circuited, due to its extremely low impedance and extremely high surge voltage, it will instantly generate a very large surge current, which can reach hundreds of kiloamperes or even megaamperes. This short-circuit current is very harmful to the system and can damage the control devices, switching devices, and power devices in the entire power system under the impact, or even cause the entire power system to fail and burn out.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, existing technology provides a reactor for short-circuit system protection, which releases or suppresses the enormous energy generated during an impact, thereby effectively protecting the main circuit. The reactor used for short-circuit system protection typically has a relatively low rated operating current, and to meet design requirements for long lifespan and small size, it generally employs water cooling. Currently, there are two types of water cooling methods used for reactors used for short-circuit system protection: one is an integrated water-electricity type, where the winding and water-cooling pipes are integrated, using copper tubing for the windings, with the circuit and water circuit sharing the same carrier. This type has very high cooling efficiency and is the most widely used; the other is a separate water-electricity type, which generally uses water-cooling plates or water-cooling pipes added between the winding layers for indirect cooling.

[0004] The two cooling methods described above have significant limitations when applied to reactors in circuit short-circuit protection systems. When a short-circuit fault occurs and the short-circuit current reaches the hundreds of kiloamperes, the electromagnetic stress generated by these reactors can reach the gigapascal level, and in areas of stress concentration, it can even reach the tens of gigapascal level. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7The metal winding is subjected to radial and axial electromagnetic forces, causing adjacent turns of the metal winding to press together axially and each turn to expand outward radially. This enormous electromagnetic force can cause significant deformation and cracking of the entire reactor winding, structural components, and potting compound. Given the limitations of capacity and volume, the reactor is inherently unable to withstand the deformation and cracking caused by short-circuit current impacts using existing material strength. For example, in a water-cooled integrated copper tube reactor, since both water and current flow within the copper tube, winding deformation and cracking can lead to leaks in the water channels inside the copper tube, causing the entire water system to malfunction. Meanwhile, water leakage can severely damage other electrical components. The indirect cooling method with water-electricity separation also faces the same situation. Since the water-cooling plate or pipe is sandwiched inside the winding layer, when the winding deforms, the water-cooling plate / pipe will also be subjected to huge forces and deform at the same time, causing water leakage or blockage, which will also cause water circuit failure. Since the water circuit of the reactor itself is connected in series / parallel in the entire power system, once the reactor is damaged, it will cause water leakage. The leaked water will damage the surrounding electrical components. After further water leakage, the entire water circuit will be disconnected, causing the water cooling system of the power system to fail, ultimately causing the entire power system to experience high temperature failure or shutdown. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention discloses a water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system that avoids cooling water leakage due to winding deformation.

[0006] A water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system includes a water-cooled tube winding, a reactor winding formed by winding a metal conductor, a positive lead-out, a negative lead-out, and a water collector. Both ends of the water-cooled tube winding are connected to the water collector, and both ends of the reactor winding are electrically connected to the positive and negative leads respectively. The water-cooled reactor for the short-circuit current impulse protection system also includes a clamping device. The water-cooled tube winding is made of a pipe made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. All the water-cooled pipe windings have the same spiral structure. The tensioning device, the water-cooled pipe windings, and the reactor windings are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The tensioning device applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooled pipe windings so that the water-cooled pipe windings located between the tensioning device and the reactor windings are in close contact and remain relatively fixed. When the reactor windings deform, the water-cooled pipe windings and the reactor windings can move relative to each other.

[0007] In the aforementioned water-cooled reactor used in a short-circuit current impulse protection system, the water-cooling tube is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. The clamping device, the water-cooling tube winding, and the reactor winding are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The clamping device applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooling tube winding, ensuring that the water-cooling tube winding, located between the clamping device and the reactor winding, remains relatively fixed after close contact with the reactor winding. Thus, when the electromagnetic stress generated by the short-circuit current causes deformation of the entire reactor winding, the water-cooling tube, being made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material, is not affected by the electromagnetic force. When the reactor winding deforms under electromagnetic stress, in the radial direction, as each turn of the reactor winding expands outward, the water-cooling tube does not move in the radial direction, achieving radial relative movement between the water-cooling tube and the reactor winding. This prevents the water-cooling tube from cracking and leaking due to deformation of the reactor winding. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-cooled reactor used in the short-circuit current impulse protection system of this application.

[0009] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a water-cooled reactor used in a short-circuit current impulse protection system, with the sealed housing, outlet, and water collector removed.

[0010] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the water-cooled tube winding.

[0011] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tensioning device without the middle support component inserted.

[0012] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tensioning device after the middle support component is inserted.

[0013] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tensioning device with one inner lining block removed.

[0014] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure with protrusions on the inner lining block and the supporting components.

[0015] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the reactor winding and the water-cooled pipe winding.

[0016] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic force experienced by the windings of an existing reactor.

[0017] In the figure: a water-cooled reactor 10, reactor winding 20, positioning and cooling recess 21, water-cooled pipe winding 30, positioning and cooling protrusion 31, positive lead-out 40, negative lead-out 50, water collector 60, inlet water collector 61, outlet water collector 62, tensioning device 70, opening piece 71, inner liner block 72, sealing housing 80, fixing part 81, fixing hole 82, used for short-circuit current impulse protection system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides a water-cooled reactor 10 for a short-circuit current impulse protection system, comprising a reactor winding 20 formed by winding metal conductors, a water-cooled tube winding 30, a positive lead-out 40, a negative lead-out 50, a water collector 60, and a tensioning device 70. The two ends of the water-cooled tube winding 30 are connected to the water collector 60, and the two ends of the reactor winding 20 are correspondingly electrically connected to the positive lead-out 40 and the negative lead-out 50. The water-cooled tube winding 30 is a pipe made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. Both the reactor winding 20 and the water-cooled tube winding 30 have the same helical structure, such as a spiral... The reactor winding 20 of the spiral structure can be any of cylindrical, cuboid, or cubic shapes. The tensioning device 70, the water-cooled pipe winding 30, and the reactor winding 20 are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The tensioning device 70 applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooled pipe winding 30, ensuring that the water-cooled pipe winding 30, located between the tensioning device 70 and the reactor winding 20, remains relatively fixed after close contact with the reactor winding 20. When the reactor winding 20 deforms, the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20 can move relative to each other. In this embodiment, the metal conductor is a copper busbar or an aluminum busbar. The water-cooled pipe winding 30 wraps around the surface of the tensioning device 70 and contacts the reactor winding 20, carrying away the heat generated by the reactor winding 20 through the water-cooled pipe winding 30. The shape of the contact surface between the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20 is adapted to the shape of the contact surface between the reactor winding 20 and the water-cooled pipe winding 30 to increase the contact area.

[0020] Furthermore, please also refer to Figures 4 to 7 The tensioning device 70 includes a spreading member 71 and at least three identical inner liner blocks 72, each having an arc-shaped convex surface and an arc-shaped concave surface. The three inner liner blocks 72 are combined to form a support body. The shape of the support body is adapted to the space enclosed by the water-cooled pipe winding 30, allowing the support body to be positioned within the water-cooled pipe winding 30. The outer wall of the support body is composed of the arc-shaped convex surface and contacts the water-cooled pipe winding 30. A top-larger, bottom-smaller insertion channel is formed at the center of the support body. This insertion channel is composed of the arc-shaped concave surface and its shape is adapted to the spreading member 71. After the spreading member 71 is inserted into the insertion channel by external force, the inner liner blocks 72 move radially outward to push the water-cooled pipe winding 30, bringing the water-cooled pipe winding 30 into close contact with the reactor winding 20. In this embodiment, the number of inner liner blocks with arc surfaces is four. In other embodiments, the inner liner block 72 has an upwardly oriented protrusion 721 on its arc-shaped convex surface, and the corresponding outer wall of the support member 71 has a downwardly oriented protrusion 711. Thus, during the insertion of the support member 71 into the insertion channel under external force, the downwardly oriented protrusion 711 and the upwardly oriented protrusion 721 work together to prevent the support member 71 from being squeezed out of the insertion channel by the radially inward elastic restoring force of the reactor winding 20 and the water-cooling pipe winding 30 when the external force is no longer applied. In other embodiments, the downwardly oriented protrusion 711 and the upwardly oriented protrusion 721 may not be provided. For example, after the support member 71 is inserted into the insertion channel by external force, a solidified insulating material (such as epoxy resin) can be poured into the gap between the inner liner blocks 72 to ensure that the support member 71 is not squeezed out.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to increase the contact area between the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20, please also refer to... Figure 8A positioning and cooling protrusion 31 can be provided on the surface where the water-cooled pipe winding 30 contacts the reactor winding 20, and a corresponding positioning and cooling recess 21 can be provided on the surface where the reactor winding 20 contacts the water-cooled pipe winding 30. The position and size of the positioning and cooling protrusion 31 and the positioning and cooling recess 21 are adapted to ensure that the positioning and cooling protrusion 31 is embedded in the positioning and cooling recess 21. In this way, the cooperation of the positioning and cooling protrusion 31 and the positioning and cooling recess 21 not only increases the contact area between the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20, but also prevents the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20 from moving relative to each other in the axial direction. For example, one turn of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 corresponds to a turn of the reactor winding 20, and the corresponding turn of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 contacts the turn of the reactor winding 20. The positioning and cooling protrusion 31 and the positioning and cooling recess 21 fit together perfectly. The cross-section of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 is any one of triangle, rectangle, semicircle, or circle. In other embodiments, a positioning and cooling recess is provided on the surface of the water-cooled pipe winding that contacts the reactor winding, and a positioning and cooling protrusion is provided on the surface of the corresponding reactor winding that contacts the water-cooled pipe winding.

[0022] Furthermore, the water-cooled reactor 10 used in the short-circuit current impulse protection system also includes a sealed housing 80 with an opening that is adapted to the shape of the reactor winding 20. The water collector 60 includes an inlet water collector 61 and an outlet water collector 62. The water-cooled pipe winding 30, the tensioning device 70, and the reactor winding 20 are disposed within the sealed housing 80, and the upper and lower free ends of the reactor winding 20 and the water inlet of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 are connected. After the water inlet and outlet extend from the sealed housing 80, the upper and lower free ends of the reactor winding 20 are electrically connected to the positive lead-out terminal 40 and the negative lead-out terminal 50, respectively. The water inlet and outlet ends of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 are connected to the water inlet collector 61 and the water outlet collector 62, respectively. The sealed housing 80 is filled with insulating material to seal the water-cooled pipe winding 30, the tensioning device 70, and the reactor winding 20 within the sealed housing 80. For example, a solid insulating material (such as epoxy resin) can be used for casting to achieve the seal. In this embodiment, the sealing housing 80 is provided with a protruding fixing part 81, and the fixing part 81 has a fixing hole 82, so as to fix the sealing housing 80 to other support frames of the external power system using the fixing part 81 and the fixing hole 82. The inlet water collector 61 and the outlet water collector 62 are respectively assembled on the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50, cooling the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50 simultaneously. At the same time, the water-cooled pipe winding 30 is bent according to the length of the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50, leaving sufficient deformation length to prevent the two free ends of the water-cooled pipe winding 30 from being torn off due to deformation of the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50 when the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50 deform under the impact of current. In other embodiments, the water collector 60 can be set separately from the positive lead-out outlet 40 and the negative lead-out outlet 50.

[0023] In the water-cooled reactor 10 used in the short-circuit current impulse protection system described above, the water-cooling tube 30 is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. The clamping device 70, the water-cooling tube winding 30, and the reactor winding 20 are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The clamping device 70 applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooling tube winding 30, so that the water-cooling tube winding 30 located between the clamping device 70 and the reactor winding 20 is in close contact with the reactor winding 20 and remains relatively fixed. In this way, the electromagnetic stress generated by the short-circuit current makes the entire reactor... When the reactor winding 20 deforms, the water-cooled pipe winding 30, being made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material, is not affected by electromagnetic forces. When the reactor winding 20 deforms under electromagnetic stress, each turn of the reactor winding 20 expands outward in the radial direction, while the water-cooled pipe winding 30 remains stationary in the radial direction. This achieves radial relative movement between the water-cooled pipe winding 30 and the reactor winding 20, thereby preventing the water-cooled pipe winding 30 from cracking and leaking due to deformation of the reactor winding 20.

Claims

1. A water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system, comprising a reactor winding formed by winding metal conductors, a water-cooled tube winding, a positive lead-out, a negative lead-out, and a water collector, wherein both ends of the water-cooled tube winding are connected to the water collector, and both ends of the reactor winding are electrically connected to the positive lead-out and the negative lead-out, respectively, characterized in that: The water-cooled reactor used in the short-circuit current impulse protection system also includes a tensioning device. The water-cooled tube winding is made of a pipe made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material. The reactor winding and the water-cooled tube winding are both helical structures with the same structure. The tensioning device, the water-cooled tube winding, and the reactor winding are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside. The tensioning device applies a radially outward supporting force to the water-cooled tube winding so that the water-cooled tube winding located between the tensioning device and the reactor winding is in close contact with the reactor winding and remains relatively fixed. When the reactor winding deforms, the water-cooled tube winding and the reactor winding can move relative to each other.

2. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning device includes a spreading member and at least three inner lining blocks with identical structures and arc-shaped convex and arc-shaped concave surfaces. The three inner lining blocks are combined to form a support body. The shape of the support body is adapted to the space enclosed by the water-cooled pipe winding so that the support body can be placed in the water-cooled pipe winding. The outer wall of the support body is composed of the arc-shaped convex surface and the outer wall of the support body is in contact with the water-cooled pipe winding. The center of the support body forms an insertion channel that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The insertion channel is composed of the arc-shaped concave surface. The shape of the insertion channel is adapted to the expansion member. After the expansion member is inserted into the insertion channel by external force, the inner liner block moves radially outward to push the water-cooled pipe winding, so that the water-cooled pipe winding is in close contact with the reactor winding.

3. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the inner lining blocks with curved surfaces is four.

4. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The water-cooled reactor for short-circuit current impulse protection system further includes a sealed housing with an opening adapted to the shape of the reactor winding. The water collector includes an inlet water collector and an outlet water collector. The upper and lower free ends of the reactor winding extend in directions perpendicular to the center line of the reactor winding. The reactor winding with the water-cooled tube winding is disposed inside the sealed housing. After the upper and lower free ends of the reactor winding and the inlet and outlet ends of the water-cooled tube winding extend from the sealed housing, the upper and lower free ends of the reactor winding are electrically connected to the positive and negative leads, respectively. The inlet and outlet ends of the water-cooled tube winding are connected to the inlet water collector and the outlet water collector, respectively. The sealed housing is filled with insulating material to seal the water-cooled tube winding, the tensioning device, and the reactor winding inside the sealed housing.

5. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The insulating material is epoxy resin.

6. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner liner block has an upwardly convex surface with an oblique protrusion, and the outer wall of the corresponding support member has a downwardly convex protrusion. The cooperation of the downwardly convex protrusion and the upwardly convex protrusion prevents the support member located in the insertion channel from being squeezed out.

7. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: A positioning and cooling protrusion is provided on the surface of the water-cooled pipe winding that contacts the reactor winding, and a corresponding positioning and cooling recess is provided on the surface of the reactor winding that contacts the water-cooled pipe winding. The positioning and cooling protrusion and the positioning and cooling recess are matched in position and size to ensure that the positioning and cooling protrusion is embedded in the positioning and cooling recess. The positioning and cooling protrusion and the positioning and cooling recess work together to increase the contact area between the water-cooled pipe winding and the reactor winding and to prevent the water-cooled pipe winding and the reactor winding from moving relative to each other in the axial direction.

8. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the water-cooled pipe winding that contacts the reactor winding is provided with a positioning and cooling recess, and the corresponding surface of the reactor winding that contacts the water-cooled pipe winding is provided with a positioning and cooling protrusion.

9. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal conductor is a copper busbar or an aluminum busbar; the reactor winding with a helical structure can be any one of cylindrical, cuboid, or cubic shapes.

10. The water-cooled reactor for a short-circuit current impulse protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the water-cooled pipe winding can be any one of the following: triangular, rectangular, semi-circular, or circular.

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