An automatic welding method for energy-saving transformer oil tank production line

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of automatic welding method of energy-saving transformer oil tank production line, which can not only improve production efficiency, but also greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, and the production quality is more stable, and the qualified rate is higher, the forming process of oil tank cover includes the following steps, first, welding robot is welded to form oil tank cover semi-finished body with cover and magnetic shield plate, then welding robot is welded to form oil tank cover on oil tank cover semi-finished body with positioning column and hanging plate;The forming process of oil tank body includes the following steps, first, welding robot is welded to form bottom with bottom semi-finished body, then bottom, tank frame and heat sink plate are welded to form oil tank body intermediate body, then welding robot is sealed and welded to form oil tank body with oil tank body intermediate body.Optimal: a kind of automatic welding method of energy-saving transformer oil tank production line can not only improve production efficiency, but also greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, and the production quality is more stable, and the qualified rate is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer manufacturing, and specifically relates to an automatic welding method for an energy-saving transformer tank production line. Background Technology

[0002] The transformer oil tank is a heat dissipation component of the transformer. It consists of a complete set of tank cover and tank body. Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the existing fuel tank cover manufactured by our company. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the existing fuel tank body manufactured by our company. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the welded structure of the box bottom and box frame. Figure 4 This is a magnified view of a portion of the heat sink in the heat sink plate. Previously, during the forming process of the tank cover, our company manually welded the cover and the magnetic shielding plate, the positioning column and the cover, and the hanging plate and the cover. This was not only labor-intensive but also inefficient. Similarly, during the forming process of the tank body, the welding of the tank bottom and the welding of the tank bottom and the heat sink plate were also done manually. This was not only labor-intensive but also inefficient, and the production qualification rate was relatively low (during manual welding, the heat sink is prone to missed welds or weld-through, which will create oil leakage points in the transformer tank). Summary of the Invention

[0003] Design objective: To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this paper proposes an automated welding method for an energy-saving transformer tank production line that not only improves production efficiency but also significantly reduces the labor intensity of workers, while simultaneously ensuring more stable production quality and a higher pass rate.

[0004] Design scheme: To achieve the above design objectives.

[0005] 1. The forming process of the fuel tank cover includes the following steps: First, the tank cover and the magnetic shielding plate are transported to the magnetic shielding plate welding station and clamped onto the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station. Then, the welding robot located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station welds and fixes the tank cover and the magnetic shielding plate to form a semi-finished fuel tank cover. Next, the semi-finished fuel tank cover is transported to the top cover flip-up welding station and clamped onto the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located in the top cover welding station. Then, the welding robot located in the top cover welding station welds the positioning post and the hanging plate onto the semi-finished fuel tank cover to form the fuel tank cover. The forming process of the fuel tank body includes the following steps: First, the semi-finished tank bottom is transported to the tank bottom welding station and clamped onto the tank bottom semi-finished body. The design of sealing welds on the left and right sides of the semi-finished tank bottom, clamped on a flip-up clamping table in the bottom welding station, and then having a welding robot in the bottom welding station perform sealing welds to form the tank bottom, is one of the technical features of this invention.The purpose of this design is as follows: The forming process of the fuel tank cover includes the following steps: First, the tank cover and the magnetic shielding plate are transported to the magnetic shielding plate welding station and clamped on the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station. Then, the welding robot located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station welds and fixes the tank cover and the magnetic shielding plate to form a semi-finished fuel tank cover. Next, the semi-finished fuel tank cover is transported to the top cover welding station and clamped on the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located in the top cover welding station. Then, the welding robot located in the top cover welding station welds the positioning column and the hanging plate onto the semi-finished fuel tank cover to form the fuel tank cover. The forming process of the fuel tank body includes the following steps: First, the semi-finished tank bottom is transported to the tank bottom welding station and clamped on the flip-up clamping table located in the tank bottom welding station. Then, the welding robot located in the top cover welding station welds the positioning column and the hanging plate onto the semi-finished fuel tank cover to form the fuel tank cover. The welding robot at the bottom welding station seals and welds the left and right seams of the semi-finished bottom body to form the bottom. Then, the bottom body and the bottom surface of the body frame transported to the bottom welding station are welded to form the initial body of the tank body. The initial body of the tank body is then transported to the heat sink plate welding station, where heat sink plates are spot welded around the body frame to form the intermediate body of the tank body. The intermediate body of the tank body is then clamped on a rotary machine located at the heat sink plate welding station. The welding robot at the heat sink plate welding station then seals and welds the seams of the intermediate body of the tank body to form the tank body. In this way, the manual welding work in the forming process of the tank cover and the tank body is replaced by automatic welding, which can improve production efficiency and greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers.

[0006] 2. The upper surface of the worktable in the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture is provided with a magnetic shielding plate holding assembly. A first positioning holding assembly is provided on the left side of the magnetic shielding plate holding assembly, and a second positioning holding assembly is provided on the right side of the magnetic shielding plate holding assembly. The magnetic shielding plate holding assembly consists of a base plate, a pressure plate, and a locking bolt. The base plate is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper surface of the worktable, and the upper surface of the base plate has a threaded hole with a diameter matching the locking bolt. The upper surface of the pressure plate has a strip-shaped through hole that passes through both the upper and lower surfaces of the pressure plate. The width of the strip-shaped through hole matches the diameter of the rod in the locking bolt, and the length of the strip-shaped through hole is greater than the diameter of the rod in the locking bolt. A third positioning holding assembly is provided on the front side of the magnetic shielding plate holding assembly. The third positioning holding assembly consists of a base plate three and a quick clamp three. The first positioning and holding assembly consists of a base plate, a quick clamp, and a positioning post. The base plate is longitudinally positioned on the upper surface of the worktable, and a positioning post is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate. The quick clamp is located at the end of the base plate that is furthest from the base plate. The second positioning and holding assembly consists of a base plate, a quick clamp, and a positioning post. The base plate is longitudinally positioned on the upper surface of the worktable, and a positioning post is provided on the upper surface of the base plate. The quick clamp is located at the end of the base plate that is furthest from the base plate. This design is the second technical feature of the present invention. The purpose of this design is that, during use, the box cover is first placed on the workbench, then the magnetic shielding plate is placed into the magnetic shielding plate mounting hole and positioned on the base plate. Then, the pressure plate is pressed against the magnetic shielding plate by tightening the locking bolts. After that, the box cover is pressed together by the quick clamps in the first positioning and holding assembly and the quick clamps in the second positioning and holding assembly, thus achieving positioning and clamping before continuous welding of the box cover and the magnetic shielding plate. This greatly improves the welding efficiency of the box cover and the magnetic shielding plate.

[0007] 3. The upper surface of the second substrate has two sets of parallel strip holes, each strip hole penetrating both the upper and lower ends of the second substrate. Each set of strip holes is arranged along the length of the second substrate, and multiple strip holes in each set are distributed in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has multiple bolt holes. After the bolt holes and corresponding strip holes are aligned one-to-one, the second substrate is fixedly mounted on the worktable by multiple bolts. The upper surface of the third substrate has two strip holes, each strip hole penetrating both the upper and lower ends of the third substrate. The two strip holes are arranged along the length of the third substrate and are distributed in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has two bolt holes. After the two bolt holes and two strip holes are aligned one-to-one, the third substrate is fixedly mounted on the worktable by two bolts. The strip through hole is arranged along the length of the pressure plate and penetrates one side end of the pressure plate. The depth of the threaded hole matches the thickness of the substrate, and the design of having several nuts screwed onto the locking bolt is the third technical feature of this invention. The purpose of this design is as follows: The upper surface of the second substrate has two sets of parallel strip-shaped holes, each extending through both the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate. Each set of strip-shaped holes is arranged along the length of the substrate, and multiple holes in each set are arranged in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has multiple bolt holes. After the bolt holes and corresponding strip-shaped holes are aligned one-to-one, the substrate is fixedly mounted on the worktable by multiple bolts. The upper surface of the third substrate has two strip-shaped holes, extending through both the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate. These two holes are arranged along the length of the substrate and are arranged in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has two bolt holes. After the two bolt holes and two strip-shaped holes are aligned one-to-one, the substrate is fixedly mounted on the worktable by two bolts. The strip-shaped through-hole is arranged along the length of the pressure plate and extends through one side of the pressure plate. The depth of the threaded hole matches the thickness of the substrate, and several nuts are screwed onto the locking bolt. This improves the applicability of the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture.

[0008] 4. The flip-up top cover welding fixture includes two first mounting plates and two second mounting plates arranged in a "well" shape, with the two second mounting plates located above the two first mounting plates. Each of the two second mounting plates has a set of quick-clamping clamps on its upper surface, and the two sets of quick-clamping clamps are arranged opposite each other. Each of the two first mounting plates has a support frame on its upper surface, and a positioning block on the upper surface of the support frame. After the lid is placed between the two second mounting plates, and the two outer circular through holes in the lid engage with the corresponding positioning blocks, the lid is pressed down by the two sets of quick-clamping clamps. The quick-clamping clamps are mounted on the second mounting plates via pads. The upper surface of the second mounting plate has a row of threaded holes along its length. The upper surface of the pads is fixedly fitted with quick-clamping clamps. The upper surface of the pads has two bolt through holes located on both sides of the quick-clamping clamps. The design of fixing the pads to the second mounting plates with two bolts after the two bolt through holes align with the corresponding threaded holes is the fourth technical feature of this invention. The purpose of this design is that the upper surfaces of the two second mounting plates are each provided with a set of quick clamps, and the two sets of quick clamps are arranged opposite each other. The upper surfaces of the two first mounting plates are each provided with a support frame, and the upper surface of the support frame is provided with a positioning block. After the lid is placed between the two second mounting plates and the two circular through holes on the outer side of the lid are engaged with the corresponding positioning blocks, the lid is pressed down by the two sets of quick clamps. This enables the lid to be clamped quickly and accurately, thereby improving the clamping efficiency of the lid.

[0009] 5. When the welding robot at the bottom welding station performs sealing welding on the left or right seam to be welded in the semi-finished bottom body, the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot first performs overall seam-finding on the left or right seam to be welded. The welding robot can calculate the start and end points of the left or right seam to be welded and the welding path from the start and end points based on the information uploaded in real time by the infrared seam-finding device. Then, the welding robot controls the welding device in the welding robot to continuously weld the left or right seam to be welded based on the welding path of the left or right seam to be welded. This is the fifth technical feature of the present invention. The purpose of this design is as follows: When the welding robot located at the bottom welding station performs sealing welding on the left or right weld seam of the semi-finished bottom of the box, the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot first performs overall seam-finding on the left or right weld seam. The welding robot can calculate the start and end points of the left or right weld seam and the welding path from the start and end points based on the information uploaded in real time by the infrared seam-finding device. Then, the welding robot controls the welding device in the welding robot to continuously weld the left or right weld seam according to the welding path. The welding process of the left or right weld seam is as follows: The process involves five steps: First, the welding torch uses infrared positioning (the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot is located at the welding torch head). Starting from point 1, it moves to point 2. After the infrared sensor detects the turning point, it rises 50 mm, turns again, and then drops 50 mm. Second, it moves in a straight line from point 2 to point 3. Third, when the infrared sensor detects the turning point at point 3, the welding torch rises 50 mm again and turns. Fourth, after dropping 50 mm, it continues to use infrared positioning to reach point 4 (the endpoint). Fifth, after completing the positioning, the welding torch immediately moves back to the starting point 1 and begins welding according to the positioning trajectory. This ensures that the weld at the corner forms an arc shape, making the bottom of the box not only sturdy but also aesthetically pleasing.

[0010] 6. The sixth technical feature of this invention is that the welding robot at the heat sink plate welding station can simultaneously search for and weld the seam between the side plate of the tank bottom and the corresponding heat sink plate in the overall structure of the oil tank body, using its infrared seam-finning device and welding device. Furthermore, when the welding robot detects a heat sink, it can perform weld overlay welding on the triangular area of ​​the heat sink. The purpose of this design is to enable the welding robot at the heat sink plate welding station to simultaneously search for and weld the seam between the side plate of the tank bottom and the corresponding heat sink plate in the overall structure of the oil tank body, using its infrared seam-finning device and welding device. When the welding robot detects a heat sink, it can perform weld overlay welding on the triangular area of ​​the heat sink. The gap in the triangular area of ​​the heat sink is sealed by weld overlay welding, thus solving the problem of leakage due to insufficient welding height in the triangular area. In addition, automatic welding of the triangular area of ​​the heat sink avoids the problems of incomplete welding or burn-through that often occur in manual welding, thereby improving the product's production qualification rate and ensuring the aesthetics of the weld.

[0011] 7. The welding robot uses a constant current to control the welding device to synchronously weld the seams detected by the infrared seam-finding device. When the infrared seam-finding device detects a heat sink next to the seam to be welded, the welding robot begins to build up the heat sink. First, the welding robot reduces the welding current of the welding device. Then, the welding robot performs continuous back-and-forth welding on the seam section corresponding to the heat sink, stacking up to form a welding protrusion in the triangular area of ​​the heat sink. After that, the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to weld the seam to be welded. When the infrared seam-finding device detects the next heat sink, the welding robot begins to build up the heat sink. After the heat sink is built up, the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to weld the seam to be welded. This continues until all the seams to be welded between the bottom side plate and the corresponding heat sink plate are completed. The design that the center point between the starting point and the ending point of the seam section corresponding to the heat sink is the location of the heat sink is the seventh technical feature of this invention. The purpose of this design is that the welding robot uses a constant current to control the welding device to synchronously weld the seam to be welded detected by the infrared seam-finding device. When the infrared seam-finding device detects a heat sink next to the seam to be welded, the welding robot begins to build up welds on the heat sink. First, the welding robot reduces the welding current of the welding device. Then, the welding robot performs continuous back-and-forth welding on the seam section corresponding to the heat sink, stacking weld protrusions in the triangular area of ​​the heat sink. Afterward, the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to move forward to weld the seam to be welded. When the infrared seam-finding device detects the next heat sink, the welding robot... The operator begins welding the heat sink. After the heat sink is welded, the welding robot resumes the welding current of the welding device and continues to weld the seam to be welded. This continues until all the seams to be welded between the bottom side plate and the corresponding heat sink plate are completed. The center point between the start and end points of the seam to be welded corresponding to the heat sink is the location of the heat sink. In this way, the welding robot can not only achieve sealed welding of the triangular gap of the heat sink by stacking, but also greatly reduce the probability of the heat sink being welded through during the welding process due to the adjustment (reduction) of the welding current during the welding process, thereby greatly improving the production qualification rate of the product.

[0012] 8. The infrared seam-finding device can shoot out a line of infrared rays to the seam to be welded between the bottom side plate of the box and the corresponding heat sink plate. The industrial camera in the infrared seam-finding device can capture the line of infrared rays shot on the seam to be welded in real time, and the line of infrared rays is located directly in front of the welding gun head in the welding device. The design that the distance between the line of infrared rays and the welding gun head matches the distance between the starting point and the center point in the seam to be welded is the eighth technical feature of the present invention. The purpose of this design is that the infrared seam-finding device can project a line of infrared light onto the seam to be welded between the bottom side panel and the corresponding heat sink plate. The industrial camera in the infrared seam-finding device can capture the line of infrared light projected onto the seam to be welded in real time, and the line of infrared light is located directly in front of the welding torch head in the welding device. The distance between the line of infrared light and the welding torch head matches the distance between the starting point and the center point in the seam to be welded. Since the seam to be welded between the bottom side panel and the corresponding heat sink plate is a wavy line (not a completely straight line), the infrared seam-finding device can detect the seam to be welded in real time through the line of infrared light. In this way, the welding torch of the welding robot can more accurately achieve a sealed weld on the seam to be welded.

[0013] Technical Solution: An automated welding method for an energy-saving transformer tank production line, comprising a set of tank cover and tank body. The forming process of the tank cover includes the following steps: First, the tank cover and magnetic shielding plate are transported to the magnetic shielding plate welding station and clamped onto the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located at the magnetic shielding plate welding station. Then, a welding robot at the magnetic shielding plate welding station welds and fixes the tank cover and magnetic shielding plate to form a semi-finished tank cover. Next, the semi-finished tank cover is transported to the top cover welding station and clamped onto a flip-up top cover welding fixture located at the top cover welding station. Then, a welding robot at the top cover welding station welds positioning posts and hanging plates onto the semi-finished tank cover to form the tank cover. The forming process of the tank body includes the following steps. First, the semi-finished tank bottom is transported to the tank bottom welding station and clamped on a flip-up clamping table located in the tank bottom welding station. Then, the welding robot at the tank bottom welding station seals and welds the left and right seams to be welded in the semi-finished tank bottom to form the tank bottom. Then, the tank bottom and the bottom surface of the tank frame transported to the tank bottom welding station are welded to form the initial tank body. Then, the initial tank body is transported to the heat sink plate welding station and heat sink plates are spot welded around the tank frame in the initial tank body to form the intermediate tank body. Then, the intermediate tank body is clamped on a rotary machine located in the heat sink plate welding station. Then, the welding robot at the heat sink plate welding station seals and welds the seams to be welded in the intermediate tank body to form the tank body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the automatic welding method for an energy-saving transformer tank production line can not only improve production efficiency, but also greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, while the production quality is more stable and the pass rate is higher. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the existing fuel tank cover.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the existing fuel tank body.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the welded structure of the box bottom and box frame.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of a portion of the heat sink in the heat sink plate.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the welding station for magnetic shielding plates.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture for magnetic shielding plates.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover welding station.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a reversible top cover welding fixture.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the welding station at the bottom of the box.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-finished welding robot for the bottom of a box, indicating seam finding.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the heat sink welding station.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the heat sink welding station (during welding). Detailed Implementation

[0027] Example 1: Refer to Appendix Figures 5-12An automated welding method for an energy-saving transformer tank production line includes a set of tank cover and tank body. The forming process of the tank cover includes the following steps: First, the tank cover and magnetic shielding plate are transported to the magnetic shielding plate welding station and clamped on the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station. Then, a welding robot (this welding robot is existing technology and will not be described in detail here) located in the magnetic shielding plate welding station welds and fixes the tank cover and magnetic shielding plate to form a semi-finished tank cover. Afterward, the semi-finished tank cover is transported to the top cover welding station and clamped on a flip-out mechanism located in the top cover welding station. The top cover is welded onto the welding fixture, and then a welding robot (this welding robot is existing technology and will not be described in detail here) located at the top cover welding station welds the positioning column and the hanging plate onto the fuel tank cover semi-finished body to form the fuel tank cover; the forming process of the fuel tank body includes the following steps: first, the bottom semi-finished body is transported to the bottom welding station and clamped on the flip-top clamping table (the flip-top clamping table is existing technology and will not be described in detail here) located at the bottom welding station. The flip-top clamping table can drive the bottom semi-finished body to rotate. Through the rotation of the flip-top clamping table, the left side and the right side where the weld seam is to be welded can be respectively... The tank is rotated to the top (where it can be welded by a welding robot). Then, a welding robot at the bottom welding station (this welding robot is existing technology and will not be described in detail here) seals the left and right seams of the semi-finished tank bottom to form the tank bottom. Next, the tank bottom and the bottom surface of the tank frame, which has been transported to the bottom welding station, are welded together to form the initial tank body. The initial tank body is then transported to the heat sink plate welding station, where heat sink plates are spot-welded around the tank frame to form the intermediate tank body. Spot welding is done manually. Finally, the intermediate tank body is clamped onto the heat sink... On a rotary welding machine (which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here) at the plate welding station, a welding robot (which is also existing technology and will not be described in detail here) performs sealing welding on the seams to be welded in the tank body to form the tank body. After the welding robot seals the side plate of the tank bottom and the corresponding heat sink plate on one side of the tank body, the rotary welding machine rotates the tank body 90°. Then the welding robot seals the side plate of the tank bottom and the corresponding heat sink plate on the next side of the tank body, until all four sides are sealed. The welding time for the magnetic shielding plate is 3 minutes; the welding time for the positioning column and the hanging plate is 12 minutes.

[0028] Example 2: Based on Example 1. The upper surface of the worktable in the magnetic shielding plate positioning fixture is provided with a magnetic shielding plate holding assembly. A first positioning holding assembly is provided on the left side of the magnetic shielding plate holding assembly, and a second positioning holding assembly is provided on the right side. The magnetic shielding plate holding assembly consists of a base plate, a pressure plate, and locking bolts. The base plate is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper surface of the worktable, and the upper surface of the base plate has a threaded hole with a diameter matching the locking bolt. The upper surface of the pressure plate has a strip-shaped through hole that passes through both the upper and lower surfaces of the pressure plate. The width of the strip-shaped through hole matches the diameter of the rod in the locking bolt, and the length of the strip-shaped through hole is greater than the diameter of the rod in the locking bolt. A third positioning holding assembly is provided on the front side of the magnetic shielding plate holding assembly. The third positioning holding assembly consists of a base plate and a quick clamp. The first positioning and holding assembly consists of a substrate three, a quick clamp three, and a positioning post one. The substrate three is longitudinally arranged on the upper surface of the worktable, and a positioning post one is provided on the upper surface of the substrate three. The quick clamp three is located at the end of the substrate three that is far away from the substrate. The first positioning and holding assembly consists of a substrate one, a quick clamp one, and a positioning post one. The substrate one is longitudinally arranged on the upper surface of the worktable, and a positioning post one is provided on the upper surface of the substrate one. The quick clamp one is located at the end of the substrate one that is close to the substrate. The second positioning and holding assembly consists of a substrate two, a quick clamp two, and a positioning post two. The substrate two is transversely arranged on the upper surface of the worktable, and a positioning post two is provided on the upper surface of the substrate two. The quick clamp two is located at the end of the substrate two that is far away from the substrate.

[0029] The upper surface of substrate two has two sets of parallel strip-shaped holes, each strip-shaped hole penetrating both the upper and lower ends of substrate two. Each set of strip-shaped holes is arranged along the length of substrate two, and multiple strip-shaped holes in each set are distributed in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has multiple bolt holes. After the bolt holes and corresponding strip-shaped holes are aligned one-to-one, substrate two is fixedly mounted on the worktable by multiple bolts. The upper surface of substrate three has two strip-shaped holes, each strip-shaped hole penetrating both the upper and lower ends of substrate three. The two strip-shaped holes are arranged along the length of substrate three and are distributed in a "1" shape. The upper surface of the worktable has two bolt holes. After the two bolt holes and two strip-shaped holes are aligned one-to-one, substrate three is fixedly mounted on the worktable by two bolts. The strip-shaped through hole is arranged along the length of the pressure plate and penetrates one end face of the pressure plate. The depth of the threaded hole matches the thickness of the substrate, and several nuts are screwed onto the locking bolt.

[0030] The flip-up top cover welding fixture includes two first mounting plates and two second mounting plates arranged in a "well" shape, with the two second mounting plates located above the two first mounting plates. Each of the two second mounting plates has a set of quick-clamping clamps on its upper surface, and the two sets of quick-clamping clamps are arranged opposite each other. Each of the two first mounting plates has a support frame on its upper surface, and a positioning block on the upper surface of the support frame. After the lid is placed between the two second mounting plates, and the two outer circular through holes in the lid engage with the corresponding positioning blocks, the lid is pressed down by the two sets of quick-clamping clamps. The quick-clamping clamps are mounted on the second mounting plates via pads. The upper surface of the second mounting plate has a row of threaded holes along its length. The upper surface of the pads is fixedly fitted with quick-clamping clamps, and the upper surface of the pads has two bolt through holes located on both sides of the quick-clamping clamps. The pads are fixed to the second mounting plates by two bolts after the two bolt through holes align with the corresponding threaded holes.

[0031] The positioning block is a circular block that matches the size of the circular through hole, and the two sides of the circular block are milled into straight edges; the upper end face of the second mounting plate is provided with two strip holes that penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the second mounting plate, the two strip holes are arranged along the length direction of the second mounting plate and are distributed in a "1" shape; the upper end of the strip holes is flared; the upper end face of the first mounting plate is provided with a row of screw holes that are arranged along the length direction of the first mounting plate and penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the first mounting plate.

[0032] Example 3: Based on Examples 1 and 2. The bottom plate of the semi-finished box bottom has a side plate on each of its four sides. The bottom plate, front side plate, and rear side plate are integrally formed from the same steel plate by bending from both sides. The left and right side plates are spot-welded to the sides of the bottom plate, with the sides of the left side plate spot-welded to the corresponding sides of the front and rear side plates, and the sides of the right side plate spot-welded to the corresponding sides of the front and rear side plates. The left side plate forms a left-side weld seam with the bottom plate, front side plate, and rear side plate, and the right side plate forms a right-side weld seam with the bottom plate, front side plate, and rear side plate.

[0033] When the welding robot at the bottom welding station performs sealing welding on the left or right seam of the semi-finished bottom of the box, the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot first performs overall seam-finding on the left or right seam. The welding robot can calculate the start and end points of the left or right seam and the welding path from the start and end points based on the information uploaded in real time by the infrared seam-finding device. Then, the welding robot controls the welding device in the welding robot to continuously weld the left or right seam according to the welding path of the left or right seam.

[0034] Welding procedure for the left or right seam to be welded: First, the welding torch uses infrared positioning (the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot is located at the welding torch head). Starting from point 1 to point 2, after the infrared sensor detects the turning point, it will rise 50 mm, turn again, and then drop 50 mm. Second, it moves in a straight line from point 2 to point 3. Third, when the infrared sensor detects the turning point at point 3, the welding torch will rise 50 mm again and turn again. Fourth, after dropping 50 mm, it will continue to use infrared positioning to point 4 (the endpoint). Fifth, after completing the positioning, the welding torch will immediately move back to the starting point 1 and begin welding according to the positioning trajectory.

[0035] Example 4: Based on Examples 1, 2, and 3, the welding robot located at the heat sink plate welding station can simultaneously search for and weld the seam between the side plate of the tank bottom and the corresponding heat sink plate in the tank body using an infrared seam-finding device and a welding device. Furthermore, when the welding robot detects the heat sink, it can perform weld overlay on the triangular area of ​​the heat sink.

[0036] The welding robot uses a constant current to control the welding device and synchronously welds the seams detected by the infrared seam-finding device. When the infrared seam-finding device detects a heat sink next to the seam, the welding robot begins to build up the weld on the heat sink. First, the welding robot reduces the welding current of the welding device. Then, the welding robot performs continuous back-and-forth welding on the seam segment corresponding to the heat sink, stacking weld protrusions in the triangular area of ​​the heat sink (the length of the triangular area is less than or equal to the length of the seam segment). Afterward, the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to weld the seam. When the infrared seam-finding device detects the next heat sink, the welding robot begins to build up the weld on that heat sink. After the heat sink is built up, the welding robot resumes welding. The welding current of the device continues to advance and weld the seam to be welded, until all the seams between the bottom side plate and the corresponding heat sink plate are welded. The center point between the starting point and the ending point of the seam to be welded corresponding to the heat sink is the location of the heat sink. Since the distance between the infrared beam and the welding gun head matches the distance between the starting point and the center point in the seam to be welded, when the infrared beam hits the seam to be welded at the location of the heat sink, the welding gun head has just reached the starting point of the seam to be welded (for overlay welding) corresponding to the heat sink. At this time, the controller of the welding robot controls the welding device to reduce the welding current (the overlay welding process is also continuous welding and the welding current is constant, but this current is smaller than the constant current during non-overlay welding). The welding current during non-overlay welding is 164A. The welding current during surfacing is 110A. In addition, since the distance from the starting point to the center point and the distance from the ending point to the center point are the same, the controller of the welding robot can calculate the position of the ending point when the starting point is determined. During surfacing, the welding torch moves three times along the section to be welded. Specifically, the welding torch first moves from the starting point to the ending point of the section to be welded, then the welding torch turns back (i.e., the welding torch moves from the ending point to the starting point of the section to be welded), and then turns back again (i.e., the welding torch first moves from the starting point to the ending point of the section to be welded). When the welding torch returns to the ending point, the controller of the welding robot will control the welding current to be restored, and the welding robot will continue to move forward to weld the section to be welded.

[0037] The infrared seam-finding device can project a line of infrared light onto the weld seam between the bottom side plate and the corresponding heat sink plate. An industrial camera within the device captures this line of infrared light in real-time, positioned directly in front of the welding torch head. The distance between the infrared light and the torch head matches the distance between the starting point and the center point of the weld seam. The infrared light projecting onto the weld seam forms a feature line, which, after being captured by the industrial camera, is uploaded in real-time to the welding robot's controller. The controller can then calculate the real-time position of the weld seam using this feature line, providing a basis for precise welding (the controller's calculation of the weld seam position using the feature line is existing technology and will not be elaborated further here). When the infrared light strikes the weld seam point where the heat sink is located, the heat sink's position on one side of the weld seam causes it to influence the infrared light, forming a feature line one (which is distinct from the main feature line). The welding robot's controller can identify this feature line one through comparison.

[0038] It should be understood that although the above embodiments provide a relatively detailed textual description of the design concept of the present invention, these textual descriptions are merely simple textual descriptions of the design concept of the present invention, and not limitations on the design concept of the present invention. Any combination, addition, or modification that does not exceed the design concept of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic welding method for an energy-saving transformer oil tank production line, comprising a tank cover and a tank body which are matched with each other, characterized in that: The forming process of the oil tank cover includes the following steps: firstly, the cover and the magnetic separation plate are transported to the magnetic separation plate welding station and clamped on the magnetic separation plate positioning tool in the magnetic separation plate welding station; then the welding robot in the magnetic separation plate welding station welds and fixes the cover and the magnetic separation plate to form an oil tank cover semi-product; then the oil tank cover semi-product is transported to the top cover welding station and clamped on the reversible top cover welding tool in the top cover welding station; then the reversible welding robot in the top cover welding station welds the upper end face and the lower end face of the positioning column and the hanging plate on the oil tank cover semi-product to form an oil tank cover; the forming process of the oil tank body includes the following steps: firstly, the bottom half product is transported to the bottom reversible welding station and clamped on the reversible clamping table in the bottom welding station; then the welding robot in the bottom welding station performs sealed welding on the left and right weld seams in the bottom half product to form a bottom; then the bottom and the bottom face of the tank frame transported to the bottom welding station are welded to form an oil tank body initial product; then the oil tank body initial product is transported to the fin plate welding station and the fin plates are spot-welded around the tank frame in the oil tank body initial product to form an oil tank body intermediate product; then the oil tank body intermediate product is clamped on the rotating machine in the fin plate welding station; then the welding robot in the fin plate welding station performs sealed welding on the weld seams in the oil tank body intermediate product to form an oil tank body. ​ The welding robot in the fin plate welding station can perform welding while searching for the weld seam through the infrared seam searching device and the welding device, and can perform surfacing welding on the triangular area of the fin when the welding robot detects the fin; the welding robot controls the welding device to perform synchronous welding on the weld seam detected by the infrared seam searching device at a constant current; when the infrared seam searching device detects a fin on the weld seam, the welding robot starts surfacing welding on the fin; firstly, the welding robot reduces the welding current of the welding device; then the welding robot continuously performs back-and-forth welding on the weld seam corresponding to the fin, and forms a welding protrusion by stacking the triangular area of the fin; then the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to move forward to weld the weld seam; when the infrared seam searching device detects the next fin, the welding robot starts surfacing welding on the fin; after the surfacing welding on the fin is completed, the welding robot restores the welding current of the welding device and continues to move forward to weld the weld seam; this process is repeated until the weld seam between the side plate of the bottom and the corresponding fin plate is completely welded; the center point between the starting point and the ending point of the weld seam corresponding to the fin is the position of the fin.

2. The automatic welding method of an energy-saving transformer oil tank production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the workbench in the magnetic isolation plate positioning tool is provided with a magnetic isolation plate pressing assembly, the left side of the magnetic isolation plate pressing assembly is provided with a first positioning and pressing assembly, and the right side of the magnetic isolation plate pressing assembly is provided with a second positioning and pressing assembly; the magnetic isolation plate pressing assembly is composed of a base plate, a pressing plate and a locking bolt, the base plate is transversely fixedly installed on the upper end face of the workbench, and the upper end face of the base plate is provided with a threaded hole with a hole diameter matched with the locking bolt; the upper end face of the pressing plate is provided with a strip-shaped through hole, and the strip-shaped through hole penetrates the upper and lower end faces of the pressing plate; the width of the strip-shaped through hole is matched with the diameter of the rod body in the locking bolt, and the length of the strip-shaped through hole is greater than the diameter of the rod body in the locking bolt; the front side of the magnetic isolation plate pressing assembly is provided with a third positioning and pressing assembly, the third positioning and pressing assembly is composed of a base plate three and a quick clamp three, the base plate three is longitudinally arranged on the upper end face of the workbench, and the upper end face of the base plate three is fixedly installed with the quick clamp three, and the quick clamp three is located at the end of the base plate three away from the base plate; the first positioning and pressing assembly is composed of a base plate one, a quick clamp one and a positioning column one, the base plate one is longitudinally arranged on the upper end face of the workbench, the upper end face of the base plate one is provided with the positioning column one, and the upper end face of the base plate one is provided with the quick clamp one, and the quick clamp one is located at the end of the base plate one close to the base plate; the second positioning and pressing assembly is composed of a base plate two, a quick clamp two and a positioning column two, the base plate two is transversely arranged on the upper end face of the workbench, the upper end face of the base plate two is provided with the positioning column two, and the upper end face of the base plate two is provided with the quick clamp two, and the quick clamp two is located at the end of the base plate two away from the base plate.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The upper end face of the base plate two is provided with two groups of strip-shaped holes one arranged side by side, and the strip-shaped holes one penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the base plate two; each group of strip-shaped holes one is arranged along the length direction of the base plate two, and a plurality of strip-shaped holes one in each group of strip-shaped holes one is distributed in the shape of "1"; the upper end face of the workbench is provided with a plurality of bolt holes one, and after the bolt hole one and the corresponding strip-shaped hole one are one-to-one matched, the base plate two is fixedly installed on the workbench through a plurality of bolts; the upper end face of the base plate three is provided with two strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the base plate three; the two strip-shaped holes are arranged along the length direction of the base plate three, and the two strip-shaped holes are distributed in the shape of "1"; the upper end face of the workbench is provided with two bolt holes, and after the two bolt holes and the two strip-shaped holes are one-to-one matched, the base plate three is fixedly installed on the workbench through two bolts; the strip-shaped through hole is arranged along the length direction of the pressing plate, and the strip-shaped through hole penetrates one side end face of the pressing plate; the depth of the threaded hole is matched with the thickness of the base plate, and a plurality of nuts are arranged on the locking bolt in a rotating mode. ​ 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The flip-up top cover welding fixture includes two first mounting plates and two second mounting plates arranged in a "well" shape, with the two second mounting plates located above the two first mounting plates. Each of the two second mounting plates has a set of quick-clamping clamps on its upper surface, and the two sets of quick-clamping clamps are arranged opposite each other. Each of the two first mounting plates has a support frame on its upper surface, and a positioning block on the upper surface of the support frame. After the lid is placed between the two second mounting plates, and the two outer circular through holes in the lid engage with the corresponding positioning blocks, the lid is pressed down by the two sets of quick-clamping clamps. The quick-clamping clamps are mounted on the second mounting plates via pads. The upper surface of the second mounting plate has a row of threaded holes along its length. The upper surface of the pads is fixedly fitted with quick-clamping clamps, and the upper surface of the pads has two bolt through holes located on both sides of the quick-clamping clamps. The pads are fixedly mounted on the second mounting plates by two bolts after the two bolt through holes align with the corresponding threaded holes. ​ 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: providing a plurality of transformer oil tanks; and welding the plurality of transformer oil tanks to form the plurality of transformer oil tank assemblies. The positioning block is a circular block that matches the size of the circular through hole, and the two sides of the circular block are milled into straight edges; the upper end face of the second mounting plate is provided with two strip holes that penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the second mounting plate, the two strip holes are arranged along the length direction of the second mounting plate and are distributed in a "1" shape; the upper end of the strip holes is flared; the upper end face of the first mounting plate is provided with a row of screw holes that penetrate the upper and lower end faces of the first mounting plate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: providing a plurality of transformer oil tanks; and welding the plurality of transformer oil tanks to form the plurality of transformer oil tank assemblies. The bottom plate of the semi-finished box bottom has a side plate on each of its four sides. The bottom plate, front side plate, and rear side plate are integrally formed by bending the same steel plate from both sides. The left side plate and the right side plate are fixed to the two sides of the bottom plate by spot welding. The two sides of the left side plate are spot welded to the corresponding sides of the front side plate and the corresponding sides of the rear side plate, respectively. The two sides of the right side plate are spot welded to the corresponding sides of the front side plate and the corresponding sides of the rear side plate, respectively. The left side plate forms a left weld seam with the bottom plate, the front side plate, and the rear side plate. The right side plate forms a right weld seam with the bottom plate, the front side plate, and the rear side plate.

7. The automatic welding method of an energy-saving transformer oil tank production line according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: When the welding robot at the bottom welding station performs sealing welding on the left or right seam of the semi-finished bottom of the box, the infrared seam-finding device in the welding robot first performs overall seam-finding on the left or right seam. The welding robot can calculate the start and end points of the left or right seam and the welding path from the start and end points based on the information uploaded in real time by the infrared seam-finding device. Then, the welding robot controls the welding device in the welding robot to continuously weld the left or right seam according to the welding path of the left or right seam.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: welding the first and second side walls to the first and second end walls, respectively, to form the first and second side walls as part of the first and second end walls, respectively. The infrared seam searching device can emit a linear infrared ray to the to-be-welded seam between the bottom side plate and the corresponding fin plate, an industrial camera in the infrared seam searching device can capture the linear infrared ray on the to-be-welded seam in real time, and the linear infrared ray is located in front of the welding gun head in the welding device, and the distance between the linear infrared ray and the welding gun head matches the distance between the starting point and the center point in the to-be-welded seam section.

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