A particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor and its working method

Abstract

A particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor and its working method disclosed by the present invention belong to the technical fields of clean energy conversion and coal chemical industry. It includes a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, a high-temperature particle transport jet pump, a particle enrichment pressure tank, a high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, a particle cooling pressure tank, a low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, a particle pressure-changing tank, a particle storage pool, a high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag, a plunger water pump, a water tank, and a hydraulic turbine device. The jet pump and multi-stage pressure tanks are used to transport, step down, and separate the particles in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, reducing the pressure fluctuation and heat loss in the reactor. The jet pump has no rotating parts. Compared with the transport using the pressure difference between containers, the pressure fluctuation is small. The particles are first enriched and then transferred, with higher efficiency. The multi-stage pressure tanks are respectively used for particle enrichment and separation, heat energy recovery, and pressure reduction and discharge, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the pressure and temperature inside the reactor and realizing the recovery and utilization of the heat of the particles at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of clean energy conversion and coal chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Supercritical water (SCW) refers to water in a special state where both the temperature and pressure are higher than its critical point (T = 374.15 °C, P = 22.1 MPa). Supercritical technology has excellent advantages in realizing hydrogen production and power generation from organic substances. Using organic waste, biomass, and coal gasification to produce hydrogen and generate electricity is an important way in the future hydrogen source and power generation fields. Supercritical water has special physical and chemical properties, such as weak hydrogen bonds, low polarity, high diffusion coefficient, and the ability to dissolve most organic substances and gases, etc., which enables the reactions in supercritical water to proceed in the homogeneous phase, greatly accelerating the reaction rate. The supercritical water gasification oxidation reaction has a relatively low temperature and does not produce traditional pollutants, and it is a clean utilization technology with development potential.

[0003] The core equipment in supercritical water gasification technology is the gasification reactor, whose working pressure and temperature are much higher than the ambient temperature and pressure, usually above the critical pressure of water and far higher than the critical temperature of water. The reaction raw materials are usually liquid-solid mixtures containing various organic substances. After the high-temperature reaction is completed, the formed inert solid particles need to be discharged from the reaction in time to create reaction space for subsequent reactions, which is commonly called slag discharge.

[0004] Currently, there are the following problems to be solved urgently in the process of removing particulate matter from supercritical water gasification reactors: First, the high-pressure and high-temperature gasification reactor needs to efficiently remove solid particulate matter, and "efficient" means minimizing fluid loss when removing solid particulate matter. Second, the operation of the reactor needs to maintain a relatively stable pressure range, and the removal of particulate matter cannot cause excessive pressure fluctuations inside the reactor. Finally, the process of removing particulate matter from the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor will inevitably carry thermal energy and pressure energy, and this part of the energy needs to be reasonably recovered and utilized. Currently, these difficulties all need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor and a working method thereof. The system is reasonably designed, operates stably and reliably, can improve the efficiency of particulate matter removal, avoid pressure fluctuations at the same time, and recover thermal energy and pressure energy.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention discloses a particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor, comprising a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, a high-temperature particle transport jet pump, a particle enrichment pressure tank, a high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, a particle cooling pressure tank, a low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, a particle pressure transformation tank, a particle storage pool, a high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag, a plunger water pump, a water tank and a hydraulic turbine device;

[0008] The high-temperature particle transport jet pump is connected to a supercritical water source. The high-temperature particle transport jet pump is arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. The high-temperature particle transport jet pump is connected to the particle enrichment pressure tank through a pipeline. The upper end of the particle enrichment pressure tank is provided with a supercritical fluid outlet, and the supercritical fluid outlet is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; the lower end of the particle enrichment pressure tank is connected to the particle cooling pressure tank through the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline; a heat exchanger is arranged in the particle cooling pressure tank, and the drain outlet and the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank are respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag; the lower end of the particle cooling pressure tank is connected to the particle pressure transformation tank through the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline; the water inlet of the particle pressure transformation tank is connected to the water tank through the plunger water pump, the drain outlet of the particle pressure transformation tank is respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag and the hydraulic turbine device, and the particle outlet of the particle pressure transformation tank is connected to the particle storage pool through a particle discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a high-temperature particle loosening nozzle is arranged at the inlet of the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, and the high-temperature particle loosening nozzle is connected to the supercritical water source; a low-temperature particle loosening nozzle is arranged at the inlet of the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, and the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle is connected to the water tank through the plunger water pump.

[0010] Preferably, a high-temperature stop valve is arranged in the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, and a low-temperature stop valve is arranged in the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, a first high-pressure water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the drain outlet of the particle cooling pressure tank and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag.

[0012] Preferably, a second high-pressure water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag.

[0013] Preferably, a third high-pressure water pump is arranged between the drain outlet of the particle pressure transformation tank and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag.

[0014] Preferably, a tail-end stop valve and a particle transport pump are arranged on the particle discharge pipe between the particle outlet of the particle pressure transformation tank and the particle storage pool.

[0015] Preferably, the drain outlets of the high-pressure water storage tank and the hydraulic turbine device are respectively connected to a water storage pool through drain pipes.

[0016] Preferably, valves are provided on the pipelines between the supercritical water source and the high-temperature particle transport jet pump, between the drain outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank and the hydraulic turbine device, and between the water inlet of the particle pressure-changing tank and the plunger water pump.

[0017] The working method of the above-mentioned particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor disclosed by the present invention includes:

[0018] The particles and supercritical fluid in the dense-phase zone at the lower part of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor enter the particle enrichment pressure tank under the transportation of the high-temperature particle transport jet pump. The supercritical fluid returns from the upper part of the particle enrichment pressure tank to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and the particles are deposited at the bottom of the particle enrichment pressure tank; when the particle enrichment pressure tank is full, the high-temperature particle transport jet pump is closed; the particles enter the particle cooling pressure tank through the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline under the action of gravity. Part of the water in the particle cooling pressure tank is discharged into the high-pressure water storage tank with an air bag. After all the particles are transferred to the particle cooling pressure tank, the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline is closed, and the drainage of the particle cooling pressure tank is stopped;

[0019] The heat exchanger cools the particles and recovers heat; the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline is opened, and the particles enter the particle pressure-changing tank through the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline under the action of gravity. Part of the water in the particle pressure-changing tank is discharged into the high-pressure water storage tank with an air bag. After all the particles are transferred to the particle pressure-changing tank, the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline is closed, and the drainage of the particle pressure-changing tank is stopped;

[0020] The hydraulic turbine device is started, and the pressure in the particle pressure-changing tank gradually decreases to atmospheric pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic turbine device recovers the pressure energy and converts it into mechanical energy or electrical energy; after the pressure reduction is completed, the hydraulic turbine device is closed, and the particles are discharged into the particle storage tank through the particle discharge pipe. After the particle discharge is completed, the particle discharge pipe is closed;

[0021] The plunger water pump injects water from the water tank into the particle pressure-changing tank, raises the pressure to the same as that of the particle cooling pressure tank, opens the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, and finely adjusts the pressure by using the plunger water pump to make the pressures of the particle pressure-changing tank and the particle cooling pressure tank the same as that of the particle enrichment pressure tank; after completion, the plunger water pump and the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline are closed, and the system returns to the initial state; according to the operation requirements, the above process is repeated at preset time intervals.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] A particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor disclosed by the present invention. First, particles are enriched through a particle enrichment pressure tank. This process can greatly increase the concentration of particulate matter, reduce the loss of supercritical fluid, and further reduce the loss of material heat energy in subsequent processes. Furthermore, a jet pump arranged in the solid dense phase area at the bottom of the reactor is used for particle transport, which has little impact on the internal pressure and flow field of the reactor. The reason is that the pressure of the particle enrichment pressure tank is basically the same as that of the reactor. The pressure of the particle enrichment pressure tank is affected by the cooling of the particle cooling pressure tank, and is also eliminated because of the isolation by a high-temperature cut-off valve and the pressure adjustment by a high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag. When the particle pressure change tank reduces pressure, it is also completely separated by a low-temperature cut-off valve, having no impact on the reactor pressure. Therefore, the reactor pressure always changes very little, and the particle discharge process has little impact on the normal operating pressure of the reactor. Then, the heat exchanger carried by the particle cooling pressure tank can recover heat and reduce heat energy loss; the particle pressure change tank uses a hydraulic turbine to recover pressure energy and improve efficiency. By draining and replenishing water through a high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag, the particle transport process can be made smoother. Finally, the jet pump has no rotating parts, with a stable and reliable structure, suitable for operation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. Other pumps and turbines all operate at low temperatures and are reliable in operation.

[0024] Furthermore, a high-temperature particle loosening nozzle is provided at the inlet of the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, and a low-temperature particle loosening nozzle is provided at the inlet of the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, which can ensure smooth transfer of particles between tanks.

[0025] The working method of the above-mentioned particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor disclosed by the present invention has a high degree of automation and can effectively utilize the heat energy and pressure energy in the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1 - high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, 2 - high-temperature particle transport jet pump, 3 - particle enrichment pressure tank, 4 - high-temperature particle loosening nozzle, 5 - high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, 6 - high-temperature cut-off valve, 7 - particle cooling pressure tank, 8 - low-temperature particle loosening nozzle, 9 - low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline, 10 - low-temperature cut-off valve, 11 - particle pressure change tank, 12 - end cut-off valve, 13 - particle transport pump, 14 - particle storage tank, 15 - heat exchanger, 16 - first high-pressure water pump, 17 - high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag, 18 - water storage tank, 19 - plunger water pump, 20 - water tank, 21 - third high-pressure water pump, 22 - second high-pressure water pump, 23 - hydraulic turbine device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The content is an explanation of the present invention rather than a limitation:

[0029] As Figure 1 , the particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor of the present invention includes a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1, a high-temperature particle transport jet pump 2, a particle enrichment pressure tank 3, a high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 5, a particle cooling pressure tank 7, a low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 9, a particle pressure-changing tank 11, a particle storage tank 14, a high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag, a plunger water pump 19, a water tank 20, and a hydraulic turbine device 23;

[0030] The high-temperature particle transport jet pump 2 is connected to a supercritical water source. The high-temperature particle transport jet pump 2 is arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1. The high-temperature particle transport jet pump 2 is connected to the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 through a pipeline. The upper end of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 is provided with a supercritical fluid outlet, and the supercritical fluid outlet is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1; the lower end of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 is connected to the particle cooling pressure tank 7 through the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 5; a heat exchanger 15 is arranged in the particle cooling pressure tank 7, and the drain port and the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank 7 are respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag; the lower end of the particle cooling pressure tank 7 is connected to the particle pressure-changing tank 11 through the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 9; the water inlet of the particle pressure-changing tank 11 is connected to the water tank 20 through the plunger water pump 19, the drain port of the particle pressure-changing tank 11 is respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag and the hydraulic turbine device 23, and the particle outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank 11 is connected to the particle storage tank 14 through a particle discharge pipe.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature particle loosening nozzle 4 is arranged at the inlet of the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 5, and the high-temperature particle loosening nozzle 4 is connected to a supercritical water source; a low-temperature particle loosening nozzle 8 is arranged at the inlet of the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 9, and the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle 8 is connected to the water tank 20 through the plunger water pump 19.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature stop valve 6 is arranged in the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 5, and a low-temperature stop valve 10 is arranged in the low-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 9.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first high-pressure water pump 16 is arranged on the pipeline between the drain port of the particle cooling pressure tank 7 and the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second high-pressure water pump 22 is arranged on the pipeline between the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank 7 and the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third high-pressure water pump 21 is provided between the drain outlet of the particle variable-pressure tank 11 and the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tail-end stop valve 12 and a particle delivery pump 13 are provided on the particle discharge pipe between the particle outlet of the particle variable-pressure tank 11 and the particle storage tank 14.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drain outlets of the high-pressure water storage tank 17 and the hydraulic turbine device (23) are respectively connected to a water storage tank 18 through drain pipes.

[0038] Other valves in the system also include (but are not limited to):

[0039] A valve is provided on the pipeline between the supercritical water source and the high-temperature particle delivery jet pump 2, a valve is provided on the pipeline between the supercritical water source and the high-temperature particle loosening nozzle 4, a valve is provided on the pipeline between the drain outlet of the particle variable-pressure tank 11 and the hydraulic turbine device 23, a valve is provided on the pipeline between the water inlet of the particle variable-pressure tank 11 and the plunger water pump 19, a valve is provided on the pipeline between the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag and the water storage tank 18, and a valve is provided on the pipeline between the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle 8 and the plunger water pump 19.

[0040] When the above-mentioned particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor is in operation, it includes the following processes:

[0041] a Enrich high-temperature particles: The particles and supercritical fluid in the dense phase area at the lower part of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1 enter the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 under the transportation of the high-temperature particle delivery jet pump 2. Since the density of the supercritical fluid is small, it returns from the upper part of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 1, and the particles with a large density are deposited at the bottom of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3; when the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 is gradually filled, the high-temperature particle delivery jet pump 2 is stopped;

[0042] b Transfer high-temperature particles between tanks: Open the high-temperature stop valve 6, and the particles pass from the bottom of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3 through the high-temperature particle gravity transport pipeline 5 into the particle cooling pressure tank 7. This process is mainly driven by gravity, and the high-temperature particle loosening nozzle 4 is assisted to spray supercritical water for particle loosening. At the same time, the first high-pressure water pump 16 is turned on to discharge an appropriate amount of water in the particle cooling pressure tank 7 into the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag to facilitate the sinking and transfer of the particles; after the transfer is completed, the first high-pressure water pump 16 and the valve are closed, and the high-temperature stop valve 6 is closed;

[0043] c Cool the particles: The heat exchanger 15 in the particle cooling pressure tank 7 cools the particles to a lower temperature, and the heat exchanger 15 can recover and utilize the heat;

[0044] Low-temperature particle transfer between tanks: Open the low-temperature cut-off valve 10. The particles pass from the bottom of the particle cooling pressure tank 7 through the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline 9 into the particle pressure-changing tank 11. This process is also mainly driven by gravity. Start the plunger water pump 19. The water in the water tank 20 enters the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle 8 through the plunger water pump 19. High-pressure water is sprayed through the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle 8 for particle loosening assistance. At the same time, start the third high-pressure water pump 21 to discharge an appropriate amount of water from the particle pressure-changing tank 11 into the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag. Start the second high-pressure water pump 22 to inject an appropriate amount of water from the high-pressure water storage tank 17 with an airbag into the particle cooling pressure tank 7 to facilitate the sinking and transfer of the particles. After the transfer is completed, close the third high-pressure water pump 21 and the valve, and close the low-temperature cut-off valve 10.

[0045] e Particle pressure reduction and discharge: Start the hydraulic turbine device 23. The pressure in the particle pressure-changing tank 11 gradually decreases to atmospheric pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic turbine device 23 recovers the pressure energy and converts it into mechanical energy or electrical energy. After the pressure reduction is completed, close the hydraulic turbine device 23. Open the tail-end cut-off valve 12. Start the particle transfer pump 13 to suck the particles out of the particle pressure-changing tank 11 into the particle storage pool 14. After the discharge is completed, close the particle transfer pump 13 and the tail-end cut-off valve 12. The water discharged from the high-pressure water storage tank 17 and the hydraulic turbine device 23 enters the water storage pool 18.

[0046] f Pressure restoration: Use the plunger water pump 19 to suck water from the water tank 20 and inject it into the particle pressure-changing tank 11 to increase the pressure to the same as that of the particle cooling pressure tank 7. Open the low-temperature cut-off valve 10. Use the plunger water pump 19 to finely adjust the pressure so that the pressures of the particle pressure-changing tank 11 and the particle cooling pressure tank 7 are the same as the pressure of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3. After completion, close the plunger water pump 19 and the low-temperature cut-off valve 10. At this time, all devices such as pressure tanks, valves, and pumps in the system return to the initial state. According to the operation requirements, repeat the above process at certain time intervals.

[0047] According to the operating conditions of the reactor, the speed of enriching high-temperature particles can be achieved by adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid of the high-temperature particle transfer jet pump 2. When there are more particles or the particle concentration is higher, the conveying capacity can be improved by increasing the flow rate. At the same time, because the jet pump occupies a small volume, multiple or different forms of jet pumps can be set inside the reactor to enhance the adaptability to the operating conditions. According to the needs, the particle enrichment process can be operated intermittently or continuously. The subsequent cooling and pressure reduction processes can change the intermittent operation cycle by adjusting parameters to achieve the adjustment purpose.

[0048] Among them, the high-pressure and high-temperature reactor 1 is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state. Its bottom is a particle dense phase region, where the particle volume fraction is about between 0.2 and 0.5, and the particles move violently in the supercritical fluid. The particle volume deposited at the lower parts of the particle enrichment pressure tank 3, the particle cooling pressure tank 7, and the particle pressure change tank 11 is dispersed at about 0.5 to 0.8.

[0049] As described above, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. Although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are only used for convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention, and interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention. The above description only uses embodiments to further illustrate the content of the present invention for easier understanding, but it does not mean that the embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. Any technical extension or re-creation based on the present invention is protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (1), a high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2), a particle enrichment pressure tank (3), a high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5), a particle cooling pressure tank (7), a low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9), a particle pressure-changing tank (11), a particle storage pool (14), a high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17), a plunger water pump (19), a water tank (20), and a hydraulic turbine device (23); The high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2) is connected to a supercritical water source. The high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2) is arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (1). The high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2) is connected to the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) through a pipeline. The upper end of the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) is provided with a supercritical fluid outlet, and the supercritical fluid outlet is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (1); the lower end of the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) is connected to the particle cooling pressure tank (7) through the high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5); a heat exchanger (15) is arranged in the particle cooling pressure tank (7). The drain outlet and the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank (7) are respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17); the lower end of the particle cooling pressure tank (7) is connected to the particle pressure-changing tank (11) through the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9); the water inlet of the particle pressure-changing tank (11) is connected to the water tank (20) through the plunger water pump (19). The drain outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank (11) is respectively connected to the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17) and the hydraulic turbine device (23). The particle outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank (11) is connected to the particle storage pool (14) through a particle discharge pipe.

2. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein, A high-temperature particle loosening nozzle (4) is arranged at the inlet of the high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5), and the high-temperature particle loosening nozzle (4) is connected to the supercritical water source; a low-temperature particle loosening nozzle (8) is arranged at the inlet of the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9), and the low-temperature particle loosening nozzle (8) is connected to the water tank (20) through the plunger water pump (19).

3. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein A high-temperature stop valve (6) is arranged in the high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5), and a low-temperature stop valve (10) is arranged in the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9).

4. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first high-pressure water pump (16) is arranged on the pipeline between the drain outlet of the particle cooling pressure tank (7) and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17).

5. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein A second high-pressure water pump (22) is arranged on the pipeline between the water inlet of the particle cooling pressure tank (7) and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17).

6. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third high-pressure water pump (21) is arranged between the drain outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank (11) and the high-pressure water storage tank with an airbag (17).

7. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tail-end stop valve (12) and a particle conveying pump (13) are arranged on the particle discharge pipe between the particle outlet of the particle pressure-changing tank (11) and the particle storage pool (14).

8. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drain outlets of the high-pressure water storage tank (17) and the hydraulic turbine device (23) are respectively connected to a water storage pool (18) through drain pipes.

9. The particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein There are valves installed on the pipeline between the supercritical water source and the high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2), on the pipeline between the drain outlet of the particle pressure-variable tank (11) and the hydraulic turbine device (23), and on the pipeline between the water inlet of the particle pressure-variable tank (11) and the plunger water pump (19).

10. The working method of the particle transport system for a supercritical water gasification reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes: The particles and supercritical fluid in the dense-phase zone at the lower part of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (1) enter the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) under the conveyance of the high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2). The supercritical fluid returns from the upper part of the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (1), and the particles are deposited at the bottom of the particle enrichment pressure tank (3). When the particle enrichment pressure tank (3) is full, the high-temperature particle conveying jet pump (2) is closed. The particles enter the particle cooling pressure tank (7) through the high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5) under the action of gravity. Part of the water in the particle cooling pressure tank (7) is drained into the high-pressure water storage tank (17) with an airbag. After all the particles are transferred to the particle cooling pressure tank (7), the high-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (5) is closed, and the drainage of the particle cooling pressure tank (7) is stopped. The heat exchanger (15) cools the particles and recovers heat. The low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9) is opened, and the particles enter the particle pressure-variable tank (11) through the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9) under the action of gravity. Part of the water in the particle pressure-variable tank (11) is drained into the high-pressure water storage tank (17) with an airbag. After all the particles are transferred to the particle pressure-variable tank (11), the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9) is closed, and the drainage of the particle pressure-variable tank (11) is stopped. The hydraulic turbine device (23) is started, and the pressure in the particle pressure-variable tank (11) gradually decreases to atmospheric pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic turbine device (23) recovers the pressure energy and converts it into mechanical energy or electrical energy. After the pressure reduction is completed, the hydraulic turbine device (23) is closed, and the particles are discharged into the particle storage pool (14) through the particle discharge pipe. After the particle discharge is completed, the particle discharge pipe is closed. The plunger water pump (19) injects water from the water tank (20) into the particle pressure-variable tank (11), raises the pressure to the same as that of the particle cooling pressure tank (7), opens the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9), and uses the plunger water pump (19) to finely adjust the pressure to make the pressures of the particle pressure-variable tank (11) and the particle cooling pressure tank (7) the same as that of the particle enrichment pressure tank (3). After completion, the plunger water pump (19) and the low-temperature particle gravity conveying pipeline (9) are closed, and the system returns to the initial state. According to the operation requirements, the above process is repeated at preset time intervals.

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