A Remote Operation and Maintenance Method for the Blanket of a Fusion Reactor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a remote operation and maintenance method for a fusion reactor blanket, which relates to the technical field of maintenance of nuclear fusion equipment; the blanket removal process, and the blanket removal process includes the following steps: entering through the window to remove the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber; disassembling the connection between the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from outside the vacuum chamber, removing the vacuum chamber cover as a whole and arranging it in a temporary area; entering mechanical tools through the lower window, loosening and removing the positioning support mechanism at the bottom of the inner and outer blankets; vertically lifting the outer blanket and transporting it to the temporary area, and then transporting it to the hot cell for repair and replacement; lifting the inner blanket out of the vacuum chamber and transporting it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement. Instead of transporting the blanket through the window, the present invention opens the entire upper part of the vacuum chamber to lift the vacuum chamber cover, obtains sufficient space, then unlocks and positions the blanket, and removes the blanket from the top of the vacuum chamber, providing sufficient movement space for the internal components, and solving the problem of difficult maintenance of the internal components of a small tokamak device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fusion device maintenance, and particularly to a remote operation maintenance method for a fusion reactor blanket. Background Art

[0002] In the field of nuclear fusion reactors, the blanket is a large component for tritium production and heat removal. During the normal operation of the reactor, the blanket is irradiated by an extremely strong neutron flux, so the blanket will become a large component containing tritium, being activated, and having radioactive contaminated dust. After the reactor shutdown, it needs to be transported and maintained in strict accordance with the requirements for radioactive substances. The whole process requires unmanned operation, repeatability, and controllability of pollutants. Moreover, due to the complex structure of the entire reactor, the remote operation maintenance becomes extremely complex and has a particularly long cycle.

[0003] Currently, there are the following several blanket maintenance methods:

[0004] 1. Upper window hoisting method

[0005] It is mainly applied to medium and large Tokamak-type fusion reactors. This method operates components through the window and does not require the disassembly and modification of the magnet. However, the disadvantage is that the upper window needs to be large enough, which requires a large device to be able to transport the inner and outer blankets of the sector piece by piece from the upper window. It is not applicable to small Tokamak devices. At the same time, the blanket not directly below the upper window needs to be circumferentially moved to directly below the window, and the inner blanket needs to be circumferentially and radially moved to the window to be transported out from the window. Its operation is complex, time-consuming, and requires a lot of tools.

[0006] 2. Middle window track method

[0007] It has been designed and verified on the international cooperation project ITER fusion experimental reactor. The advantages are high utilization rate of the internal space of the vacuum chamber, no need to open the upper window, and the operation of all blanket modules is basically the same without the need to disassemble the magnet. However, this method requires the inner blanket to be removable small pieces and the size to be able to pass through the middle window smoothly. This method also requires a circular track to be erected through four windows in the vacuum chamber, and the blanket modules are disassembled and assembled by a robotic arm on the circular track. This method of erecting the track is also relatively cumbersome and time-consuming. At the same time, it requires small blanket modules and the pipelines need to be connected to the outside through the vacuum chamber, which limits the design and application of the blanket and the vacuum chamber.

[0008] 3. Middle window orange peel method

[0009] It is mainly applied to the ARIES series of tokamaks. In this method, the blanket is designed as an entire sector segment, and when maintenance is required, it can be entirely removed from the middle window, which is very efficient and convenient without the need to move or disassemble the magnets. However, this method can only be used for specific tokamaks. Such devices must be medium to large-sized, and there must be a sufficiently large gap between the TF coils. At the same time, no poloidal field coils can be arranged in the middle position so that a window can be opened in the middle of the device. Since there are no coils in the middle position, the confinement ability of the plasma is reduced, and this layout greatly affects the construction of the optimal magnetic field configuration, leading to the control of the plasma being affected.

[0010] 4. Overall lifting method

[0011] It is mainly applied to the conceptual designs of the US CTF (Component Test Facility) and ARC (Low-Cost, Robust, Compact Facility). These two types are a material test facility and a high-temperature superconducting magnet type compact facility respectively. The advantage of this method is that the lifting is simple, and both the inner and outer blankets can be directly lifted from the upper part with high efficiency. However, for the CTF type of device, this method requires the vacuum chamber to be a regular cylindrical shape, and at the same time, the TF magnets need to be regular square-shaped and detachable, and the disassembly position of the magnets cannot affect the direct lifting of the blanket, which is difficult to meet in a conventional D-shaped cross-section tokamak fusion device. This method is only applicable to tokamaks using high-temperature superconducting magnets for the ARC type of device. When the inside is sufficiently compact, there is enough space so that the inner blanket will not interfere with the vacuum chamber when lifted. For small fusion reactors, the TF coils use copper conductors or high-temperature superconducting magnets, and the blanket is not of an integral type but is divided into inner and outer blankets. Therefore, this method is not applicable to small fusion reactor devices. Summary of the invention

[0012] Aiming at the technical problem that the existing remote operation methods for fusion reactor blankets are not applicable to small fusion reactors; the present invention provides a remote operation and maintenance method for fusion reactor blankets, which effectively plans the maintenance process and method of the internal components of the reactor in combination with the overall structure of the reactor, greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of the blanket, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0013] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0014] The present invention provides a remote operation and maintenance method for fusion reactor blankets, including a blanket removal process, and the blanket removal process includes the following steps:

[0015] S20. Enter from the upper window to remove or loosen the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber;

[0016] S21. Disconnect the connections on the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from the outside of the vacuum chamber, remove the vacuum chamber cover as a whole and arrange it in a temporary area;

[0017] S22, entering the mechanical tool from the lower window, loosening and removing the positioning and locking support mechanisms at the bottom of the inner and outer cladding layers;

[0018] S23, lift the outer cladding vertically and transport it to a temporary area and transport it to the hot room for repair and replacement;

[0019] S24. Lift the inner cladding out of the vacuum chamber and transport it to the hot chamber for maintenance or replacement.

[0020] For small fusion reactor tokamak devices, their small size limits the upper window hoisting method. Since their internal cladding is not designed to be small and easy to disassemble, the middle window track method cannot be used for maintenance from the middle window. Due to the limitation of the poloidal field coil magnet inside the vacuum chamber and the limitation of more coils in the middle layer, the middle window orange petal method is also inconvenient. For small fusion reactor tokamak devices, considering their magnetic field configuration, power size, and control difficulty, their shape is not suitable for designing into a cylindrical shape, so the cylindrical overall hoisting method is not applicable.

[0021] The remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: entering through a window to remove the top flexible support inside the vacuum chamber, and removing the connection between the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from the outside of the vacuum chamber, moving the vacuum chamber cover out as a whole and arranging it in a temporary area, and then entering a mechanical tool from a lower window to loosen and remove the bottom positioning support mechanism of the inner and outer blankets to transfer the outer blanket and the outer blanket to the temporary area, and transporting them to the hot chamber for repair and replacement, that is, the blanket is not transferred from the window, but is opened by opening the entire upper part of the vacuum chamber to lift up the vacuum chamber cover, and after obtaining sufficient space, the blanket is unlocked and positioned, and then moved out from the top of the vacuum chamber.

[0022] Through the design of a detachable interface, the vacuum chamber cover can be opened to provide sufficient space for movement of internal components and obtain a maintenance channel, which solves the problem of difficult maintenance of internal components of a small tokamak device and avoids the shortcomings of insufficient space in the upper window and the middle window. There is no need to move the outer envelope in a complex circumferential direction. All inner and outer envelopes move straight up and down or horizontally, are not subjected to gravitational torque, and are safer and more reliable.

[0023] Since the opening space is large enough, the outer blanket can be removed as a whole without having to divide the blanket into removable small pieces, making the blanket space more efficient and improving replacement and maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the reactor top space is fully utilized, and most of the transfer process is performed from the top, reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance of the middle and lower windows.

[0024] In summary, the present invention combines the overall structure of the reactor, effectively plans the maintenance process and method of the reactor internal components, greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of the blanket, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0025] Specifically, in step S23, the outer cladding is lifted out as a whole or in parts.

[0026] Specifically, in step S24, the inner cladding is lifted out in parts.

[0027] Specifically, step S24 includes sub-steps:

[0028] S24a. After lifting the inner cladding out of positioning and support, radially move the inner cladding outward;

[0029] S24b. Continue to lift the inner cladding to move it out of the vacuum chamber and transport it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement.

[0030] Specifically, it further includes a disassembly preparation process, which is located before the cladding disassembly process, and the disassembly preparation process includes the following steps:

[0031] S10. Move the biological shield cover to the upper end of the entire biological shield layer to open it, exposing the reactor top pipelines;

[0032] S11. Cut off the connections of the upper current feeder of the reactor with the pipelines and lines of the top PF magnet;

[0033] S12. Cut the inner side and the removable section of the water-cooled pipeline of the TF magnet and remove it;

[0034] S13. Cut the inner cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor and remove them;

[0035] S14. Cut the outer cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor and remove them;

[0036] S15. Remove the pre-tightening device at the upper end of the TF coil and move it out;

[0037] S16. Dismantle the top PF coil and move it out, and arrange the PF coil in a temporary area;

[0038] S17. Dismantle the circumferential connection plate of the TF coil and move it out;

[0039] S18. Loosen and remove the connection of the removable section of the TF magnet, vertically move out the TF magnet, and transport it to a temporary area until all the removable section magnets are completely moved out.

[0040] S19. Cut the upper window seal and remove the seal plate, and use the opened upper window as a channel to cut all the pipelines inside the upper window and remove them.

[0041] Specifically, in step S10, horizontally move the biological shield cover.

[0042] Specifically, it further includes a cladding installation process, and the cladding installation process includes the following steps:

[0043] S30. Move the maintained or new inner cladding down into the vacuum chamber to the installation position;

[0044] S31. Move the maintained or new outer cladding down into the vacuum chamber to the installation position;

[0045] S32. Insert mechanical tools through the lower window, and install and fix the bottom positioning and locking support mechanism for the inner and outer claddings.

[0046] S33. Move the vacuum chamber cover as a whole to the top of the vacuum chamber, and press and seal the interface between the vacuum chamber cover and the lower part of the vacuum chamber from the outside of the vacuum chamber;

[0047] S34. Insert tools through the upper window to install or adjust the flexible support device for the inner and outer claddings, so that the inner and outer claddings are pre-pressed on the support.

[0048] Specifically, step S30 includes sub-steps:

[0049] S30a. Move the maintained or new single-piece inner cladding down into the vacuum chamber to the installation height;

[0050] S30b. Move the inner cladding radially inwards. After approaching the inner wall, let the inner cladding drop onto the positioning and support.

[0051] Specifically, it further includes a restoration process, which is located after the cladding installation process. The restoration process includes the following steps:

[0052] S41. Install all the pipelines inside the upper window into the vacuum chamber through the upper window, and install and seal the upper window sealing plate:

[0053] S42. Install all the removable segment magnets onto the TF magnet, and connect and lock the interface at the joint;

[0054] S43. Install the TF coil circumferential connecting plate;

[0055] S44. Install the top PF coil;

[0056] S45. Install the upper end pre-tightening device for the TF coil;

[0057] S46. Connect the cooling pipelines and tritium extraction pipelines for the outer and inner claddings at the upper window of the reactor;

[0058] S47. Connect the removable segment of the TF magnet and the inner water cooling pipeline;

[0059] S48. Connect the pipelines and lines of the upper current feeder of the reactor and the top magnet;

[0060] S49. Move the biological shield cover until the entire biological shield layer is completely enclosed.

[0061] Specifically, in step S47, first connect the outer water-cooling pipeline of the TF magnet, and then connect the inner water-cooling pipeline of the TF magnet.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0063] 1. The remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket provided by the present invention enters from the window to remove the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber, and disassembles the connections on the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from the outside of the vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber cover is removed as a whole and arranged in a temporary area. Then, mechanical tools enter from the lower window to loosen and remove the positioning support mechanism at the bottom of the inner and outer blankets, so as to transfer the outer blanket and the outer blanket to the temporary area and transport them to the hot cell for repair and replacement. That is, instead of transporting the blanket through the window, the entire upper part of the vacuum chamber is opened to lift the vacuum chamber cover. After obtaining sufficient space, the blanket is unlocked and positioned, and the blanket is removed from the top of the vacuum chamber, solving the problem of difficult maintenance of internal components of small tokamak devices and avoiding the disadvantages of insufficient space in the upper window and insufficient space in the middle window.

[0064] 2. The remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket provided by the present invention does not require complex circumferential movement of the outer blanket. All the inner blankets and outer blankets move straight up and down or horizontally, without bearing gravity torque, and are safer and more reliable.

[0065] 3. The remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket provided by the present invention has a large enough operation space when removed from the top. The outer blanket can be removed as a whole, and there is no need to divide the blanket into detachable small pieces, making the space utilization rate of the blanket higher and improving the replacement and maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the top space of the reactor is fully utilized, and most of the transfer processes are carried out from the top, reducing the operation and maintenance difficulties of the middle and lower windows. Description of the Drawings

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0067] In the drawings:

[0068] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a certain state during the maintenance process of the remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Marks in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0070] 1 - TF magnet fixed part, 2 - inner cladding, 3 - vacuum chamber fixed part, 4 - detachable interface of TF magnet, 5 - window in the vacuum chamber, 6 - lower window of the vacuum chamber, 7 - biological shielding layer. Detailed implementation mode

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of them. Components of the embodiments of this application usually described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0072] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0073] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application.

[0074] For a small tokamak device of a fusion reactor, the characteristic of its small volume limits that it cannot adopt the method of hoisting through the upper window. Also, since its inner cladding is not designed into small pieces that are convenient for disassembly, it is also impossible to maintain it through the middle window using the middle window track method. Due to the limitation of the poloidal field coil magnets inside the vacuum chamber and the limitation of having more coils in the middle layer position, it is also not convenient to use the middle window segment method. For a small tokamak device of a fusion reactor, considering its magnetic field configuration, power size, and control difficulty, its shape is not suitable for being designed as a cylindrical shape, so the overall cylindrical hoisting method is also not applicable. In view of this, this embodiment proposes a remote operation and maintenance method for the cladding of a fusion reactor, which is as follows:

[0075] Embodiment

[0076] Combined with Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a remote operation and maintenance method for the cladding of a fusion reactor, which successively includes a disassembly preparation process, a cladding disassembly process, a cladding installation process, and a restoration process according to the sequence of the processes.

[0077] Among them, the demolition preparation process includes the following steps:

[0078] S10. Move the biological shield cover to the upper end of the entire biological shield layer to open it, exposing the pipeline at the top of the reactor. Usually, move the biological shield cover horizontally;

[0079] S11. Cut off the connection between the current feeder at the upper part of the reactor and the pipelines and lines of the top PF magnet;

[0080] S12. Cut the inner side and the removable section of the water-cooled pipeline of the TF magnet, and remove it;

[0081] S13. Cut the inner cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor, and remove them;

[0082] S14. Cut the outer cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor, and remove them;

[0083] S15. Demolish the pre-tightening device at the upper end of the TF coil and move it out;

[0084] S16. Demount the top PF coil and move it out, and arrange the PF coil in a temporary area;

[0085] S17. Demount the circumferential connecting plate of the TF coil and move it out;

[0086] S18. Loosen and remove the connection of the removable section of the TF magnet, vertically move out the TF magnet, and transfer it to a temporary area until all the magnet segments of the removable section are moved out.

[0087] S19. Cut the seal at the upper window and remove the seal plate, and take the opened upper window as a channel to cut all the pipelines inside the upper window and move them out.

[0088] The cladding demolition process includes the following steps:

[0089] S20. Enter from the upper window to demolish or loosen the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber;

[0090] S21. Demount the connection between the inside and outside of the vacuum chamber cover from the outside of the vacuum chamber, move the whole vacuum chamber cover out and arrange it in a temporary area;

[0091] S22. Enter mechanical tools from the lower window, loosen and remove the positioning and locking support mechanism at the bottom of the inner cladding and the outer cladding;

[0092] S23. Vertically lift the outer cladding and transfer it to a temporary area, and transport it to the hot cell for repair and replacement;

[0093] S24. Lift the inner cladding out of the vacuum chamber and transport it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement.

[0094] Specifically, in step S24, the inner cladding is lifted out in blocks. Correspondingly, step S24 includes sub-steps:

[0095] S24a. After lifting the inner cladding out of the positioning and support, radially move the inner cladding outward;

[0096] S24b. Continue to lift the inner cladding to move it out of the vacuum chamber and transport it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement.

[0097] The cladding installation process includes the following steps:

[0098] S30. Lower the maintained or new inner cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation position;

[0099] S31. Lower the maintained or new outer cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation position;

[0100] S32. Enter the mechanical tool through the lower window and install and fix the bottom positioning and support mechanism for the inner and outer claddings.

[0101] S33. Move the vacuum chamber cover as a whole to the top of the vacuum chamber and press and seal the interface between the vacuum chamber cover and the lower part of the vacuum chamber from the outside of the vacuum chamber;

[0102] S34. The tool enters through the upper window to install or adjust the flexible support device for the inner and outer claddings, so that the inner and outer claddings are pre-pressed on the support.

[0103] Among them, step S30 includes sub-steps:

[0104] S30a. Lower the maintained or new single-piece inner cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation height;

[0105] S30b. Radially move the inner cladding inward. After approaching the inner wall, let the inner cladding fall onto the positioning and support.

[0106] That is to say, the step sequence of the cladding installation process is opposite to that of the cladding removal process, and the cladding installation process is the reverse process of the cladding removal process.

[0107] The restoration process includes the following steps:

[0108] S41. Install all the pipes inside the upper window in the vacuum chamber through the upper window, and install and seal the upper window sealing plate:

[0109] S42. Install all the detachable segment magnets onto the TF magnet, and connect and lock the interface at the joint;

[0110] S43. Install the TF coil circumferential connecting plate;

[0111] S44. Install the top PF coil;

[0112] S45. Install the pre-tightening device at the upper end of the TF coil;

[0113] S46. Connect the cladding cooling pipes and the tritium extraction pipes at the upper window of the reactor;

[0114] S47. Connect the removable section of the TF magnet and the inner water-cooled pipe;

[0115] S48. Connect the pipelines and circuits of the upper current feeder of the reactor and the top PF magnet;

[0116] S49. Move the biological shield cover until the entire biological shield layer is completely enclosed.

[0117] Specifically, in step S47, first connect the outer water-cooled pipe of the TF magnet, and then connect the inner water-cooled pipe of the TF magnet.

[0118] That is to say, the order of the steps in the restoration process is opposite to that of the disassembly preparation process, and the cladding installation process is the reverse process of the disassembly preparation process.

[0119] To sum up, the remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor cladding provided in this embodiment enters from the window to remove the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber, disassembles the connections on the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from the outside of the vacuum chamber, removes the vacuum chamber cover as a whole and arranges it in a temporary area, then enters the mechanical tool from the lower window, loosens and removes the positioning support mechanism at the bottom of the inner and outer claddings to transfer the outer cladding and the outer cladding to a temporary area and transport them to the hot cell for repair and replacement. That is, instead of transporting the cladding through the window, the entire upper part of the vacuum chamber is opened to lift the vacuum chamber cover. After obtaining enough space, the cladding is unlocked and positioned, and the cladding is removed from the top of the vacuum chamber.

[0120] It should be noted that for the corresponding small fusion reactor, the top biological shield cover is detachably connected to the biological shield layer. When arranging the pipelines at the top of the reactor, it should be convenient for the opening of the movable biological shield layer cover and the step-by-step cutting and removal of the remote operation equipment; at the same time, the vacuum chamber cover is also detachably arranged, and the pipeline layout at the vacuum chamber window should also be convenient for the remote operation equipment to operate from above to facilitate cutting and disconnecting the pipelines connecting the vacuum chamber cover and the cladding; at the same time, the TF magnet is a detachable structure.

[0121] Therefore, through the design of detachable interfaces, the vacuum chamber cover is lifted to provide sufficient movement space for the internal components and obtain a maintenance channel, solving the problem of difficult maintenance of the internal components of the small tokamak device, avoiding the disadvantages of insufficient space at the upper window and the middle window, and not requiring complex circumferential movement of the outer cladding. All the inner and outer claddings move straight up and down or horizontally, without bearing gravity torque, and are safer and more reliable.

[0122] Since the opening space is large enough, the outer cladding can be removed as a whole without splitting the cladding into detachable small pieces, which improves the space utilization rate of the cladding and the replacement and maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the space at the top of the reactor is fully utilized, and most of the transfer processes are carried out from the top, reducing the operation and maintenance difficulties of the middle and lower windows.

[0123] In summary, this embodiment combines the overall structure of the reactor, effectively plans the maintenance process and method of the internal components of the reactor, greatly improves the maintenance efficiency of the cladding, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0124] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remote operation and maintenance method for a fusion reactor blanket, characterized in that It includes a cladding removal process, and the cladding removal process includes the following steps: S20. Enter from the upper window to remove or loosen the flexible support at the top inside the vacuum chamber; S21. Disconnect the connections on the inner and outer sides of the vacuum chamber cover from outside the vacuum chamber, move the entire vacuum chamber cover out and arrange it in a temporary area; S22. Enter mechanical tools from the lower window, loosen and remove the positioning and locking support mechanism at the bottom of the inner cladding and the outer cladding; S23. Vertically lift the outer cladding and transfer it to a temporary area, and transport it to the hot cell for repair and replacement; S24. Lift the inner cladding out of the vacuum chamber and transport it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement; It also includes a removal preparation process, which is located before the cladding removal process, and the removal preparation process includes the following steps: S10. Move the biological shield cover to the upper end of the entire biological shield layer to open it, so that the top pipelines of the reactor are exposed; S11. Cut off the connections of the pipelines and lines between the upper current feeder of the reactor and the top PF magnet; S12. Cut the inner side and the removable section of the water-cooled pipeline of the TF magnet, and remove it; S13. Cut the inner cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor, and remove them; S14. Cut the outer cladding cooling pipeline and the tritium extraction pipeline at the upper window of the reactor, and remove them; S15. Remove the pre-tightening device at the upper end of the TF coil and move it out; S16. Dismantle the top PF coil and move it out, and arrange the PF coil in a temporary area; S17. Dismantle the circumferential connecting plate of the TF coil and move it out; S18. Loosen and remove the connection of the removable section of the TF magnet, vertically move out the TF magnet, and transfer it to a temporary area until all the removable section magnets are moved out; S19. Cut the upper window seal and remove the seal plate, and use the opened upper window as a channel to cut all the pipelines inside the upper window and remove them.

2. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S23, the outer cladding is lifted out as a whole or in blocks.

3. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S24, the inner cladding is lifted out in blocks.

4. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 3, characterized in that Step S24 includes sub-steps: S24a. After lifting the inner cladding out of the positioning and support, radially move the inner cladding outwards; S24b. Continue to lift the inner cladding to move it out of the vacuum chamber, and transport it to the hot cell for maintenance or replacement.

5. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10, the biological shield cover is moved horizontally.

6. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that It also includes a cladding installation process, and the cladding installation process includes the following steps: S30. Lower the maintained or new inner cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation position; S31. Lower the maintained or new outer cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation position; S32. Enter mechanical tools from the lower window, install and fix the positioning and locking support mechanism at the bottom of the inner and outer claddings; S33. Move the entire vacuum chamber cover to the top of the vacuum chamber, and press and seal the interface between the vacuum chamber cover and the lower part of the vacuum chamber from outside the vacuum chamber; S34. Tools enter from the upper window to install or adjust the flexible support device of the inner and outer claddings, so that the inner and outer claddings are pre-pressed on the support.

7. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 6, characterized in that Step S30 includes sub-steps: S30a. Lower the maintained or new single-piece inner cladding into the vacuum chamber to the installation height; S30b. Radially move the inner cladding inwards, and after approaching the inner wall, lower the inner cladding onto the positioning and support.

8. The remote operation and maintenance method for the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 6, characterized in that It also includes a restoration process, which is located after the cladding installation process, and the restoration process includes the following steps: S41. Install all the pipes inside the upper window into the vacuum chamber through the upper window, and install and seal the upper window sealing plate. S42. Install all the removable segment magnets onto the TF magnet, and connect and lock the joints at the interfaces. S43. Install the TF coil circumferential connection plate. S44. Install the top PF coil. S45. Install the pre-tightening device at the upper end of the TF coil. S46. Connect the cooling pipes and tritium extraction pipes of the outer cladding and inner cladding at the upper window of the reactor. S47. Connect the water-cooled pipes of the removable segment and the inner side of the TF magnet. S48. Connect the pipelines and circuits of the upper current feeder of the reactor and the top PF magnet. S49. Move the biological shield cover until the entire biological shield layer is completely enclosed.

9. The remote operation and maintenance method of the fusion reactor blanket according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S47, first connect the water-cooled pipes of the outer removable segment of the TF magnet, and then connect the water-cooled pipes of the inner side of the TF magnet.

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