underwater acoustic transducer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater acoustic transducer, which includes a housing, a magnetic drive device, a radiation plate and at least one high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device. The magnetic drive device is arranged in the housing, and the magnetic drive device includes a stator and a mover matched with the stator. The radiation plate is connected to the mover, and the mover drives the radiation plate to move along a first direction. At least one high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device is arranged in the housing, and the pressure compensation device is connected to the radiation plate. The pressure compensation device is connected to the housing at both ends perpendicular to the first direction, and the pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction, and the positive stiffness mechanism and the negative stiffness mechanism are connected in parallel. The underwater acoustic transducer of the present invention can have better radiation performance in the low-frequency region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater acoustic measurement, and in particular to an underwater acoustic transducer. Background Art

[0002] Sonar transducers are used in submarine detection and anti-submarine warfare, underwater acoustic warfare, underwater acoustic communications, marine resource development, and marine scientific research. Among them, ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transmitters with frequencies as low as tens of Hz have the advantages of long detection distance and are of extremely important military value and scientific significance.

[0003] The development of ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducers is relatively slow compared to that of underwater acoustic transducers in other frequency bands. The sound source of a traditional underwater acoustic transducer can be equivalent to a mass-spring system, and its resonant frequency can be equivalently expressed as Where k is the system's elastic stiffness, and m is the system's equivalent mass. From this formula, we can see that reducing the system's stiffness k or increasing the system's equivalent mass m can reduce the sound source's resonant operating frequency, while increasing the equivalent mass m will reduce the sound source's radiation frequency and increase its volume and weight. Furthermore, in order to increase the sound source's radiation frequency, a larger volume displacement is required. Here, the sound source is analyzed as a pulsating sphere, and the amplitude of the sound pressure at an equivalent distance of 1m from the pulsating sphere's center is: The sound source level of an omnidirectional transducer is: Based on the above, it can be concluded that if a high sound source level is desired during ultra-low frequency operation, the radiator must undergo a large volume displacement. However, when the displacement is large, the equivalent stiffness of the underwater acoustic transducer is constant (i.e., the restoring force is proportional to the linear displacement). This restoring force will hinder the displacement of the radiator, preventing a larger displacement and limiting the improvement of the sound source level. When operating at a certain water depth, the underwater acoustic transducer is subject to the hydrostatic pressure of the water body. Current pressure compensation devices cannot simultaneously meet the following two requirements: 1. Be able to offset the hydrostatic pressure of the seawater and have a large load-bearing capacity; 2. Have low stiffness near the operating position. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an underwater acoustic transducer which can have better radiation performance in a low-frequency region.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater acoustic transducer, comprising:

[0006] shell,

[0007] A magnetic drive device is arranged in the housing, and the magnetic drive device includes: a stator and a mover matched with the stator;

[0008] a radiation plate, the radiation plate being connected to the mover, and the mover drives the radiation plate to move along a first direction; and

[0009] At least one high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device is disposed in the housing, and the pressure compensation device is connected to the radiation plate; the pressure compensation device is connected to the housing at both ends perpendicular to the first direction, and the pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction, and the positive stiffness mechanism and the negative stiffness mechanism are connected in parallel.

[0010] Most of the passive pressure compensation devices in the prior art use high-pressure gas to compensate for hydrostatic pressure. This implementation has the following problems:

[0011] ① The volume of the pressure compensation device is relatively large under atmospheric pressure. For example, if the working water depth is 150m, the volume of the pressure compensation device needs to be 15 times the volume of the vibrating part of the underwater acoustic transducer;

[0012] ② When the working water depth is deep, the gas is high-pressure gas, which produces a large air spring stiffness, which prevents the radiation plate from obtaining a large displacement.

[0013] The high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device of the underwater acoustic transducer provided in the embodiment of the present invention can radiate sound energy when the vibrating part of the underwater acoustic transducer is at atmospheric pressure, thereby greatly reducing the influence of the air spring stiffness, allowing the radiation plate to obtain a larger volume displacement, and thus the underwater acoustic transducer has better radiation performance.

[0014] In one embodiment, the underwater acoustic transducer includes a high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device, and the stator is coaxially arranged with the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the underwater acoustic transducer includes at least two of the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation devices, which are evenly distributed on the periphery of the stator.

[0016] In one embodiment, the housing has a bottom plate and a side plate connected to the bottom plate, the side plate surrounds the bottom plate to form a placement space for the magnetic drive device and the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device, and the radiation plate is arranged opposite to the bottom plate;

[0017] Wherein, the stator is a rectangular parallelepiped, two placement areas are provided in the housing along the second direction, the stator is provided between the two placement areas, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and at least one high static and low dynamic pressure compensating device is placed in one of the placement areas; or

[0018] Wherein, the stator is a cylinder.

[0019] In one embodiment, the negative stiffness mechanism comprises:

[0020] a cam, wherein the top end of the cam is connected to the radiation plate, the cam includes a first side and a second side symmetrically arranged, the distance between the first side and the second side gradually decreases from the radiation plate toward the bottom plate, the first side is provided with a curved surface along the first direction, and the curved surface is convex in a direction away from the second side; and

[0021] Two second elastic members, the two second elastic members are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively operably connected to the first side and the second side in a sliding manner, and the two opposite sides of the two second elastic members respectively abut against the side plates, and the two second elastic members both provide a pushing force toward and / or away from the cam;

[0022] The positive stiffness mechanism is a first elastic member, one end of the first elastic member is against the base plate, the other end of the first elastic member is against the side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate, and the first elastic member provides a thrust force to push the radiation plate toward and / or away from the base plate.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first elastic member has a positive stiffness characteristic, and the second elastic member cooperates with the cam to have a negative stiffness characteristic.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first elastic member includes a first bearing, a first bracket and a first spring, the first bearing is connected to the base plate, one end of the first bracket is arranged in a hole of the first bearing and the other end is connected to a side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate, the first spring is sleeved on the outside of the first bearing and the first bracket, one end of the first spring is abutted against the base plate, and the other end of the first spring is abutted against a side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate.

[0025] In one embodiment, the second elastic member includes a second bearing, a second bracket, a roller mounting seat, a roller and a second spring, the second bearing is connected to the side plate, one end of the second bracket is arranged in the hole of the second bearing and the other end is connected to the roller mounting seat, the second spring is sleeved on the outside of the second bearing and the second bracket, one end of the second spring is against the side plate, and the other end of the second spring is against the roller mounting seat, the roller is pin-connected to the roller mounting seat, and the roller is operably connected to the first side or the second side in a sliding manner.

[0026] In one embodiment, the housing comprises a bottom plate and side plates connected to the bottom plate, the side plates surrounding the bottom plate forming a placement space for the magnetic drive device and the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device; the radiation plate is disposed opposite to the bottom plate; and the bottom plate is provided with a long slot extending along the first direction;

[0027] The high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device comprises:

[0028] a first long rod extending along the first direction, slidably disposed in the long slot, and connected to the radiation plate, wherein the other end of the first long rod is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the first direction; a flange is provided on the outer periphery of the first long rod;

[0029] a third elastic member, the third elastic member being sleeved on the first long rod, with two ends of the third elastic member respectively abutting against the bottom plate and the flange; the third elastic member providing a thrust for pushing the flange along the first direction;

[0030] Two fourth elastic members are arranged opposite to each other, one end of each fourth elastic member is connected to the flange, and the other end of each fourth elastic member is connected to the shell.

[0031] In one embodiment, the stator includes a magnetic cylinder and a permanent magnet, the magnetic cylinder is provided with at least one through hole, and one of the permanent magnets is inserted into one of the through holes;

[0032] The mover includes a coil, which is operable to move relative to the magnetic cylinder after an alternating current is passed through the coil. The radiation plate is connected to the coil, and the coil drives the radiation plate to move along a first direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0034] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater acoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater acoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0036] Figure 3 2. It is a structural schematic diagram of a high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an underwater acoustic transducer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6is a cross-sectional view of an underwater acoustic transducer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of an underwater acoustic transducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 10. Underwater acoustic transducer; 1. Housing; 11. Bottom plate; 111. Long slot; 12. Side plate; 13. Support frame; 2. Magnetic drive device; 21. Stator; 211. Magnetic cylinder; 212. Permanent magnet; 22. Mover; 3. Radiating plate; 4. High static and low dynamic pressure compensation device; 41. Cam; 411. First side; 4111. Plane; 4112. Arc surface; 412. Second side; 42. First elastic member; 421. First bearing; 422. First bracket; 423. First spring; 43. Second elastic member; 431. Second bearing; 432. Second bracket; 433. Roller mounting seat; 434. Roller; 435. Second spring; 44. First long rod; 45. Third elastic member; 46. Fourth elastic member; 47. Flange; X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that in each embodiment of the present invention, many technical details are provided to help readers better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can still be implemented.

[0044] In the following description, for the purpose of illustrating the various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other cases, well-known devices, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0045] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word "comprise" and variations such as "include" and "have" should be construed in an open, inclusive sense, that is, should be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to."

[0046] The following will describe in detail various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0047] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0048] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and / or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0049] In the following description, in order to clearly show the structure and working mode of the present invention, many directional words will be used for description, but words such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and should not be understood as restrictive terms.

[0050] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater acoustic transducer 10, comprising a housing 1, a magnetic drive device 2, a radiating plate 3, and a high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4. The magnetic drive device 2 is disposed within the housing 1 and includes a stator 21 and a mover 22 engaged with the stator 21. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the mover 22, which drives the radiating plate 3 to move along a first direction X. The high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4 is disposed within the housing 1 and connected to the radiating plate 3. The pressure compensation device is connected to the housing 1 at both ends perpendicular to the first direction X. The pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction X and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction X. The positive and negative stiffness mechanisms are connected in parallel, resulting in a quasi-zero stiffness characteristic for the pressure compensation device as a whole at the operating water depth.

[0052] Most of the passive pressure compensation devices in the prior art use high-pressure gas to compensate for hydrostatic pressure. This implementation has the following problems:

[0053] ① The volume of the pressure compensation device under atmospheric pressure is relatively large. For example, if the working water depth is 150m, the volume of the pressure compensation device needs to be 15 times the volume of the vibrating part of the underwater acoustic transducer 10;

[0054] ② When the working water depth is high, the gas is high-pressure gas, thereby generating a large air spring stiffness, which prevents the radiation plate 3 from obtaining a large displacement.

[0055] The high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device 4 of the underwater acoustic transducer 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can radiate sound energy when the vibrating part of the underwater acoustic transducer 10 is at atmospheric pressure, thereby greatly reducing the influence of the air spring stiffness, allowing the radiation plate 3 to obtain a larger volume displacement, and thus the underwater acoustic transducer 10 has better radiation performance.

[0056] The scope of the present invention is described in detail below through examples.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the underwater acoustic transducer 10 includes a housing 1, a magnetic drive device 2, a radiating plate 3, and two high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4. The magnetic drive device 2 is disposed within the housing 1 and includes a stator 21 and a mover 22 mating with the stator 21. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the mover 22, which drives the radiating plate 3 to move along a first direction X. The two high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 are disposed within the housing 1, and the pressure compensation devices are connected to the radiating plate 3. The pressure compensation devices are connected to the housing 1 at both ends perpendicular to the first direction X. The pressure compensation devices include a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction X and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction X. The positive and negative stiffness mechanisms are connected in parallel, resulting in a quasi-zero stiffness characteristic for the pressure compensation device as a whole at the operating water depth.

[0059] Specifically, the housing 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and side plates 12 connected to the bottom plate 11. The side plates 12 surround the bottom plate 11 to form a placement space for the magnetic drive device 2 and the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. The radiation plate 3 is disposed opposite the bottom plate 11. The stator 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped. Two placement areas are provided within the housing 1 along the second direction Y. The stator 21 is positioned between the two placement areas. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. One high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4 is placed in each placement area. Those skilled in the art can adjust the arrangement based on actual needs. It should be understood that while this embodiment shows one high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4 placed in one placement area, two or more high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating devices 4 can also be placed in one placement area. The high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating devices 4 in each placement area are arranged sequentially along the second direction Y, and the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating devices 4 in the two placement areas are symmetrically arranged, without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, although the stator 21 is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped in this embodiment, those skilled in the art may also configure the stator 21 to have an outer contour of a rectangle, a rhombus, or other shapes according to actual needs, and the two high static and low dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 may be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stator 21 without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0060] Further, combined with Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the negative stiffness mechanism includes a cam 41 and two second elastic members 43 .

[0061] The top of the cam 41 is connected to the radiation plate 3. The cam 41 includes a first side 411 and a second side 412 symmetrically arranged. The distance between the first side 411 and the second side 412 gradually decreases from the radiation plate 3 toward the base plate 11. The first side 411 is provided with an arc surface 4112 along the first direction X, and the arc surface 4112 is convex in the direction away from the second side 412.

[0062] The two second elastic members 43 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively operably connected to the first side 411 and the second side 412 for sliding connection, and the two opposite sides of the two second elastic members 43 respectively abut against the side plate 12, and the two second elastic members 43 both provide a pushing force toward and / or away from the cam 41.

[0063] The positive stiffness mechanism is a first elastic member 42, one end of which abuts against the bottom plate 11. The other end of the first elastic member 42 abuts against the side of the cam 41 facing away from the radiation plate 3, and the first elastic member 42 provides a thrust that pushes the radiation plate 3 toward and / or away from the bottom plate 11.

[0064] When the underwater acoustic transducer 10 is working at a given water depth, it compresses the first elastic member 42 when subjected to external water pressure, so that the two second elastic members 43 slide to the arc surface 4112 of the first side 411 and the second side 412 of the cam 41, respectively, that is, the working point of the underwater acoustic transducer 10. When working at this working point, the cam 41 with a high static and low dynamic characteristic profile is at a quasi-zero stiffness point. When working on both sides of this point, the dynamic stiffness is almost zero. In the quasi-zero stiffness area, the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device 4 will not hinder the movement of the radiation plate 3. By increasing the quasi-zero stiffness area, the radiation plate 3 can obtain a larger volume displacement and a faster speed, thereby obtaining a larger sound source level.

[0065] It should be understood that two planes 4111 may be provided on the first side 411 along the first direction X, and the two planes 4111 are connected by a curved surface 4112 , and the curved surface 4112 is convex in a direction away from the second side 412 .

[0066] In addition, although in this embodiment, only two planes 4111 are provided on the first side 411 along the first direction X, those skilled in the art may further provide three or more planes 4111 on the first side 411 along the first direction X according to actual needs, and two adjacent planes 4111 are connected by an arc surface 4112, and the arc surface 4112 bulges outward in a direction away from the second side 412. In this case, the underwater acoustic transducer 10 has at least two working points, and this arrangement does not depart from the scope of the present invention.

[0067] Preferably, the first elastic member 42 has a positive rigidity characteristic, and the second elastic member 43 has a negative rigidity characteristic in cooperation with the cam 41. Those skilled in the art can make the settings according to actual needs.

[0068] Furthermore, the first elastic member 42 includes a first bearing 421, a first bracket 422, and a first spring 423. The first bearing 421 is connected to the base plate 11. One end of the first bracket 422 is positioned within the hole of the first bearing 421, and the other end is connected to the side of the cam 41 facing away from the radiant panel 3. The first spring 423 is sleeved around the first bearing 421 and the first bracket 422. One end of the first spring 423 abuts the base plate 11, and the other end of the first spring 423 abuts the side of the cam 41 facing away from the radiant panel 3. The first bracket 422 can move linearly along the hole of the first bearing 421. Simultaneously, the first spring 423 is compressed or released, and the cam 41 also moves along the first direction X. The first spring 423 provides positive stiffness, and those skilled in the art can adjust the stiffness according to actual needs.

[0069] Preferably, the second elastic member 43 includes a second bearing 431, a second bracket 432, a roller 434 mounting seat 433, a roller 434 and a second spring 435. The second bearing 431 is connected to the side plate 12, one end of the second bracket 432 is arranged in the hole of the second bearing 431 and the other end is connected to the roller 434 mounting seat 433, the second spring 435 is sleeved on the outside of the second bearing 431 and the second bracket 432, one end of the second spring 435 is against the side plate 12, and the other end of the second spring 435 is against the roller 434 mounting seat 433, the roller 434 is pin-connected to the roller 434 mounting seat 433, and the roller 434 is operably connected to the first side 411 or the second side 412 in a sliding manner. When the first elastic member 42 is compressed or restored, the cam 41 also moves along the first direction X. Since the spacing between the first side 411 and the second side 412 of the cam 41 changes in the first direction X, the first side 411 and the second side 412 of the cam 41 exert a force on the roller 434 slidably connected thereto, which is transmitted to the second spring 435, causing the second spring 435 to be compressed or restored. At the same time, the second bracket 432 can move linearly along the hole of the second bearing 431. The second spring 435 cooperates with the arc surface 4112 on the cam 41 to provide negative stiffness. Together with the first elastic member 42, low dynamic stiffness can be achieved at the working point of the cam 41. Those skilled in the art can configure it according to actual needs.

[0070] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, the stator 21 may include a magnetic cylinder 211 and a permanent magnet 212. The interior of the magnetic cylinder 211 is provided with three through-holes arranged in sequence along the second direction Y, with a permanent magnet 212 inserted into the middle through-hole. The mover 22 includes a coil, which is operable to move relative to the magnetic cylinder 211 after an alternating current is passed through it. Specifically, a magnetic field exists within the interior of the magnetic cylinder 211 and at the through-hole. The permanent magnet 212 is embedded in the magnetic cylinder 211, forming a magnetic field within the magnetic cylinder 211 and at the opening. When the coil is connected to the radiation plate 3 and an alternating current is input into it, the electromagnetic force interaction between the coil and the magnetic cylinder 211 drives the radiation plate 3 to reciprocate along the first direction X, driving the radiation plate 3 to output periodic motion outward, pushing the water surface and radiating sound energy. The driving principle is primarily electromagnetic force. The energized coil is subjected to electromagnetic force in the magnetic field, and its direction of motion can be determined by the left-hand rule. For a coil powered by direct current, to ensure that the forces acting on both sides of the wire in the magnetic field are directed in the same direction, the magnetic fields at the two openings of the magnetic cylinder 211 must be directed in opposite directions. This is achieved by designing an embedded permanent magnet 212. When an alternating current is applied to the coil, the coil drives the radiating plate 3 in reciprocating linear motion, which in turn pushes the surrounding water to radiate sound energy.

[0071] The underwater acoustic transducer 10 of this embodiment has high static stiffness at a given operating depth, preventing structural damage. After offsetting the external water pressure, it reaches a quasi-zero stiffness operating point and exhibits low dynamic stiffness. When operating within the quasi-zero stiffness range, the radiating plate 3 can achieve a larger volume displacement, a lower operating frequency, and higher acoustic performance. Furthermore, the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device 4 is combined with the magnetic drive device 2, reducing the volume of the underwater acoustic transducer 10. Precise pressure compensation can be achieved at a given water depth without the need for a separate pressure compensation device. Furthermore, the rolling friction contact between the roller 434 and the cam 41 ensures rapid pressure compensation. Upon reaching the designed operating depth, the underwater acoustic transducer 10 switches to the operating point, the quasi-zero stiffness point described above. When operating near this operating point, the dynamic stiffness is very low, presenting little hindrance to the movement of the radiating plate 3 compared to existing technologies. This allows for greater displacement of the radiating plate 3 when operating in the ultra-low frequency region.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] like Figure 4 as well as Figure 5As shown, the underwater acoustic transducer 10 includes a housing 1, a magnetic drive device 2, a radiating plate 3, and a high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4. The magnetic drive device 2 is disposed within the housing 1 and includes a stator 21 and a mover 22 that cooperates with the stator 21. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the mover 22, which drives the radiating plate 3 to move along a first direction X. A high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4 is disposed within the housing 1 and is connected to the radiating plate 3. The pressure compensation device is connected to the housing 1 at both ends perpendicular to the first direction X. The pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction X and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction X. The positive and negative stiffness mechanisms are connected in parallel, resulting in the pressure compensation device having a quasi-zero stiffness characteristic at the operating water depth.

[0074] Specifically, the stator 21 of the underwater acoustic transducer 10 is coaxially arranged with the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. The stator 21 comprises a cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211 with a through hole. A coaxial annular groove is located at the top of the stator 21, and a permanent magnet 212 is inserted into the groove. The mover 22 comprises a coil, which is operable to move relative to the magnetic cylinder 211 when an alternating current is passed through the coil. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the coil, and the coil drives the radiating plate 3 to move in a first direction X. The high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4 is disposed inside the hollow cylinder of the cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211, and the magnetic cylinder 211 is coaxially arranged with the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. The housing 1 comprises a bottom plate 11 and a side plate 12 connected to the bottom plate 11. The side plate 12 surrounds the bottom plate 11 to form a space for accommodating the magnetic drive device 2 and the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. Two supporting frames 13 are provided opposite to each other and extend from the bottom plate 11 toward the radiation plate 3 . The supporting frames 13 are also located inside the hollow cylinder of the cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211 .

[0075] The negative stiffness mechanism includes a cam 41 and two second elastic members 43 .

[0076] The top of the cam 41 is connected to the radiation plate 3. The cam 41 includes a first side 411 and a second side 412 symmetrically arranged. The distance between the first side 411 and the second side 412 gradually decreases from the radiation plate 3 toward the base plate 11. The first side 411 is provided with an arc surface 4112 along the first direction X, and the arc surface 4112 is convex in the direction away from the second side 412.

[0077] The two second elastic members 43 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively operably connected to the first side 411 and the second side 412 for sliding connection, and the two opposite sides of the two second elastic members 43 respectively abut against the side plate 12, and the two second elastic members 43 both provide a pushing force toward and / or away from the cam 41.

[0078] The positive stiffness mechanism is a first elastic member 42, one end of which abuts against the bottom plate 11. The other end of the first elastic member 42 abuts against the side of the cam 41 facing away from the radiation plate 3, and the first elastic member 42 provides a thrust that pushes the radiation plate 3 toward and / or away from the bottom plate 11.

[0079] It should be understood that although this embodiment only shows an embodiment in which the underwater acoustic transducer 10 includes only one high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4, those skilled in the art can also set two or more high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 on the underwater acoustic transducer 10, and multiple high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the stator 21, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] like Figure 6 As shown, the underwater acoustic transducer 10 includes a housing 1, a magnetic drive device 2, a radiating plate 3, and a high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4. The magnetic drive device 2 is disposed within the housing 1 and includes a stator 21 and a mover 22 that cooperates with the stator 21. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the mover 22, which drives the radiating plate 3 to move along a first direction X. A high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4 is disposed within the housing 1 and is connected to the radiating plate 3. The pressure compensation device is connected to the housing 1 at both ends perpendicular to the first direction X. The pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction X and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction X. The positive and negative stiffness mechanisms are connected in parallel, resulting in the pressure compensation device having a quasi-zero stiffness characteristic at the operating water depth.

[0082] Specifically, the stator 21 of the underwater acoustic transducer 10 is coaxially arranged with the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. The stator 21 comprises a cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211 with a through hole. A coaxial annular groove is located at the top of the stator 21, and a permanent magnet 212 is inserted into the groove. The mover 22 comprises a coil, which is operable to move relative to the magnetic cylinder 211 when an alternating current is passed through the coil. The radiating plate 3 is connected to the coil, and the coil drives the radiating plate 3 to move in a first direction X. The high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4 is disposed inside the hollow cylinder of the cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211, and the magnetic cylinder 211 is coaxially arranged with the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. The housing 1 comprises a bottom plate 11 and a side plate 12 connected to the bottom plate 11. The side plate 12 surrounds the bottom plate 11 to form a space for accommodating the magnetic drive device 2 and the high-static-low-dynamic pressure compensating device 4. Two opposing support frames 13 are provided extending from the bottom plate 11 toward the radiation plate 3 and are also located inside the hollow cylinder of the cylindrical magnetic cylinder 211. A long slot 111 extending along the first direction X is also formed on the bottom plate 11.

[0083] The high static and low dynamic pressure compensating device 4 includes a first long rod 44 , a third elastic member 45 and two fourth elastic members 46 .

[0084] The first long rod 44 extends along the first direction X and is slidably disposed in the long slot 111 and connected to the radiation plate 3. The other end of the first long rod 44 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 11 along the first direction X. A flange 47 is provided on the outer periphery of the first long rod 44.

[0085] The third elastic member 45 is sleeved on the first long rod 44 , and two ends of the third elastic member 45 respectively abut against the bottom plate 11 and the flange 47 . The third elastic member 45 provides a thrust to push the flange 47 along the first direction X.

[0086] The two fourth elastic members 46 are disposed opposite to each other, and one end of the fourth elastic member 46 is connected to the flange 47 , and the other end of the fourth elastic member 46 is connected to the support frame 13 .

[0087] It should be understood that the third elastic member 45 can be a linear spring or other elastic member that can provide a thrust force to push the flange 47 along the first direction X. The third elastic member 45 provides positive stiffness in the first direction X. The fourth elastic member 46 can be a linear spring or other elastic member that can provide a thrust force to push the flange 47 along the first direction X. Figure 6 The Euler buckled beam shown in Figure 7 The fourth elastic member 46 provides negative stiffness along the first direction X, such as the linear spring shown or other structures that can achieve high static and low dynamic.

[0088] In detail, the "high static" in the high static and low dynamic structure refers to a relatively large static stiffness under a given external load. Static stiffness refers to the ability to resist deformation under a given constant external load, and is a performance parameter of the restoring force of the spring device under a constant external force; "low dynamic" means that when near the working position, it has a smaller dynamic stiffness. Dynamic stiffness refers to the ability to resist deformation when moving near the working position, and is a performance parameter of the restoring force of the spring device near the working position.

[0089] It should be understood that although this embodiment only shows an embodiment in which the underwater acoustic transducer 10 includes only one high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation device 4, those skilled in the art can also set two or more high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 on the underwater acoustic transducer 10, and multiple high-static, low-dynamic pressure compensation devices 4 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the stator 21, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0090] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it should be understood that aspects of the embodiments can be modified, if necessary, to employ aspects, features and concepts of the various patents, applications and publications to provide further embodiments.

[0091] These and other changes can be made to the embodiments in light of the above detailed description.In general, in the claims, the terms used should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and claims, but should be construed to include all possible embodiments along with the full scope of equivalents to which these claims are entitled.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater acoustic transducer, characterized in that: include: a housing having a bottom plate and side plates connected to the bottom plate; A magnetic drive device is arranged in the housing, and the magnetic drive device includes: a stator and a mover matched with the stator; a radiation plate, the radiation plate being connected to the mover, and the mover drives the radiation plate to move along a first direction; and At least one high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device is disposed in the housing and connected to the radiation panel; the pressure compensation device is connected to the housing at both ends perpendicular to the first direction, and the pressure compensation device includes a positive stiffness mechanism along the first direction and a negative stiffness mechanism along the first direction, the positive stiffness mechanism and the negative stiffness mechanism being connected in parallel; Wherein, the negative stiffness mechanism includes: a cam, wherein the top end of the cam is connected to the radiation plate, the cam includes a first side and a second side symmetrically arranged, the distance between the first side and the second side gradually decreases from the radiation plate toward the bottom plate, the first side is provided with a curved surface along the first direction, and the curved surface is convex in a direction away from the second side; and Two second elastic members, the two second elastic members are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively operably connected to the first side and the second side in a sliding manner, and the two opposite sides of the two second elastic members respectively abut against the side plates, and the two second elastic members both provide a pushing force toward and / or away from the cam; The positive stiffness mechanism is a first elastic member, one end of the first elastic member is against the base plate, the other end of the first elastic member is against the side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate, and the first elastic member provides a thrust force to push the radiation plate toward and / or away from the base plate.

2. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater acoustic transducer includes a high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device, and the stator is coaxially arranged with the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device.

3. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater acoustic transducer includes at least two high static and low dynamic pressure compensation devices, which are evenly distributed on the periphery of the stator.

4. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side panels surround the bottom plate to form a placement space for the magnetic drive device and the high static and low dynamic pressure compensating device, and the radiation panel is arranged opposite to the bottom plate; wherein the stator is a rectangular parallelepiped, two placement areas are provided in the housing along the second direction, the stator is arranged between the two placement areas, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and at least one high static and low dynamic pressure compensating device is placed in one of the placement areas; or Wherein, the stator is a cylinder.

5. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first elastic member has a positive rigidity characteristic, and the second elastic member cooperates with the cam to have a negative rigidity characteristic.

6. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first elastic member includes a first bearing, a first bracket and a first spring. The first bearing is connected to the base plate. One end of the first bracket is arranged in the hole of the first bearing and the other end is connected to the side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate. The first spring is sleeved on the outside of the first bearing and the first bracket. One end of the first spring is in contact with the base plate, and the other end of the first spring is in contact with the side of the cam facing away from the radiation plate.

7. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second elastic member includes a second bearing, a second bracket, a roller mounting seat, a roller and a second spring. The second bearing is connected to the side plate. One end of the second bracket is arranged in the hole of the second bearing and the other end is connected to the roller mounting seat. The second spring is sleeved on the outside of the second bearing and the second bracket. One end of the second spring is against the side plate, and the other end of the second spring is against the roller mounting seat. The roller is pin-connected to the roller mounting seat, and the roller is operably connected to the first side or the second side in a sliding manner.

8. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plates surround the bottom plate to form a placement space for the magnetic drive device and the high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device; The radiation plate is arranged opposite to the bottom plate; a long groove extending along the first direction is formed on the bottom plate; The high static and low dynamic pressure compensation device comprises: a first long rod extending along the first direction, slidably disposed in the long slot, and connected to the radiation plate, wherein the other end of the first long rod is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the first direction; a flange is provided on the outer periphery of the first long rod; a third elastic member, the third elastic member being sleeved on the first long rod, with two ends of the third elastic member respectively abutting against the bottom plate and the flange; the third elastic member providing a thrust for pushing the flange along the first direction; Two fourth elastic members are arranged opposite to each other, one end of each fourth elastic member is connected to the flange, and the other end of each fourth elastic member is connected to the shell.

9. The underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator includes a magnetic cylinder and a permanent magnet. The magnetic cylinder is provided with at least one through hole, and one permanent magnet is inserted into one of the through holes. The mover includes a coil, which is operable to move relative to the magnetic cylinder after an alternating current is passed through the coil. The radiation plate is connected to the coil, and the coil drives the radiation plate to move along a first direction.

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