Zero-backlash bidirectional speed reducer

Abstract

The application discloses a zero-backlash bidirectional speed reducer, which comprises a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set which are engaged with each other; a first low-speed shaft gear is matched with a left second high-speed shaft gear and a left first high-speed shaft gear, a second low-speed shaft gear is matched with a right first high-speed shaft gear and a right second high-speed shaft gear, the right first high-speed shaft gear and the left first high-speed shaft gear are reversely engaged with the second low-speed shaft gear and the first low-speed shaft gear respectively, the right second high-speed shaft gear and the left second high-speed shaft gear are positively engaged with the second low-speed shaft gear and the first low-speed shaft gear respectively, and the installation gaps are all 0; the positive and reverse installation both satisfy the effect of zero backlashes through the misaligned contact of the tooth surfaces of the two groups of bevel gears, the coincidence degree is larger relative to other types of transmission systems, the transmission is more stable, and therefore the application is suitable for high-speed heavy-load occasions and occasions with higher requirements on vibration and noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear transmission technology, specifically to a zero-backlash bidirectional reducer. Background Technology

[0002] In today's widely used mechanical equipment, the function of a speed reducer is to connect the input and output shafts and transmit power. Its most important component is the gear transmission system. A gear transmission system consists of input and output shafts, mating gears, and bearings and other supporting components. Due to the need for gear lubrication and to prevent gear jamming that could affect transmission smoothness, the presence of clearance between the mating gears is essential. However, precisely because of this clearance, during normal operation, gear meshing inevitably produces impacts of varying degrees at the contact surfaces. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable during high-speed motion, sudden stops, or changes of direction. For speed reducers with higher input power, the impact from the clearance is even greater. For the entire transmission system, this impact causes additional vibration, significantly reducing the overall stability of the transmission system. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate or mitigate the effects of gear impact. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method that achieves zero backlash in both forward and reverse installations by using the staggered contact of two sets of helical gear tooth surfaces, thereby eliminating the impact of shocks and making the transmission smoother.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a zero-backlash bidirectional reducer, comprising:

[0005] High-speed gear sets and low-speed gear sets meshing with each other;

[0006] A high-speed shaft coaxially connected to a high-speed gear set, wherein the high-speed shaft is configured as a power input shaft;

[0007] A low-speed shaft coaxially connected to a low-speed gear set, wherein the low-speed shaft is configured as a power output shaft;

[0008] The low-speed gear set consists of a first low-speed shaft gear and a second low-speed shaft gear coaxially mounted on a low-speed shaft. The high-speed gear set consists of four high-speed shaft gears coaxially mounted on a high-speed shaft. The four high-speed shaft gears are, in order, the first high-speed shaft gear on the right, the second high-speed shaft gear on the right, the second high-speed shaft gear on the left, and the first high-speed shaft gear on the left.

[0009] The first low-speed shaft gear is matched with the second high-speed shaft gear on the left and the first high-speed shaft gear on the left. The second low-speed shaft gear is matched with the first high-speed shaft gear on the right and the second high-speed shaft gear on the right. The first high-speed shaft gear on the right and the first high-speed shaft gear on the left are respectively meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear and the first low-speed shaft gear in opposite directions. The second high-speed shaft gear on the right and the second high-speed shaft gear on the left are respectively meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear and the first low-speed shaft gear in the forward direction.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0011] The high-speed shaft consists of two sets of helical gears forming a pair of herringbone gears. The middle two gears of the four gears mesh in the forward direction with the low-speed shaft gear set, while the other two outer gears mesh in the reverse direction with the low-speed shaft gear set (the clearance can be 0). The staggered contact of the tooth surfaces of the two sets of helical gears achieves zero backlash in both forward and reverse installations. Compared with other types of transmission systems, it has a greater overlap and smoother transmission. Therefore, it is suitable for high-speed, heavy-load applications with high requirements for vibration and noise reduction, and it can also be well matched with the operating conditions of high-power reducers. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gear meshing relationship of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is the assembly drawing of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram from the axial end view of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram, 1 is the housing cover, 2 is the housing body, 3 is the first low-speed shaft gear, 4 is the second low-speed shaft gear, 5 is the low-speed shaft gasket, 6 is the low-speed shaft, 7 is the low-speed shaft bearing, 8 is the low-speed shaft end cap, 9 is the high-speed shaft bearing, 10 is the high-speed shaft cover, 11 is the high-speed shaft, 12 is the high-speed shaft oil seal felt ring, 13 is the high-speed shaft bushing, 14 is the right first high-speed shaft gear, 15 is the right second high-speed shaft gear, 16 is the left second high-speed shaft gear, 17 is the left first high-speed shaft gear, 18 is the high-speed shaft gasket, 19 is the high-speed shaft end cap, 20 is the low-speed shaft oil seal felt ring, 21 is the low-speed shaft cover, 22 is the low-speed shaft bushing, and 23 is the observation window. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 2 As shown, a zero-backlash bidirectional reducer includes:

[0018] The hollow housing 2 has fixed covers 1 on both sides of the housing 2 body. In order to withstand the pressure transmitted from the low-speed shaft gear set above the reducer, it is necessary to add reinforcing ribs to the sides of the housing 2.

[0019] High-speed gear sets and low-speed gear sets mesh with each other to form a transmission unit;

[0020] The high-speed shaft 11 of the coaxial high-speed gear set is set as the power input shaft and is directly connected to the motor shaft. The high-speed shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the housing 2 through two sets of high-speed shaft bearings 9.

[0021] The low-speed shaft 6 is coaxially connected to the low-speed gear set and is set as the power output shaft. The low-speed shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the housing 2 through two sets of low-speed shaft bearings 7.

[0022] Among them, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the low-speed gear set consists of a first low-speed shaft gear 3 and a second low-speed shaft gear 4 coaxially mounted on the low-speed shaft 6 (with the same number of teeth and diameter). The high-speed gear set consists of four high-speed shaft gears coaxially mounted on the high-speed shaft 11 (with the same number of teeth and diameter). These four high-speed shaft gears are, in order, the rightmost high-speed shaft gear 14, the rightmost second high-speed shaft gear 15, the leftmost second high-speed shaft gear 16, and the leftmost high-speed shaft gear 17. The first low-speed shaft gear 3 and the second low-speed shaft gear 4 have more teeth than the high-speed shaft gears, and their diameters are also larger than those of the high-speed shaft gears, resulting in a certain transmission ratio (the transmission ratio can be flexibly set according to enterprise needs and is not limited here). This allows the rotational speed of the low-speed shaft 6 to be lower than that of the high-speed shaft 11. To reduce the weight of the low-speed shaft gear set, all low-speed gears are web-type gears.

[0023] The first low-speed shaft gear 3 is matched with the second high-speed shaft gear 16 and the first high-speed shaft gear 17 on the left. The second low-speed shaft gear 4 is matched with the first high-speed shaft gear 14 and the second high-speed shaft gear 15 on the right. The first high-speed shaft gear 14 on the right and the first high-speed shaft gear 17 on the left are respectively meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear 4 and the first low-speed shaft gear 3 in the opposite direction. The second high-speed shaft gear 15 on the right and the second high-speed shaft gear 16 on the left are respectively meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear 4 and the first low-speed shaft gear 3 in the forward direction.

[0024] The high-speed shaft consists of two sets of helical gears forming a pair of herringbone gears. The middle two gears of the four gears mesh forward with the low-speed shaft gear set, while the other two outer gears mesh in the opposite direction with the low-speed shaft gear set (the clearance can be 0). The staggered contact of the tooth surfaces of the two sets of helical gears achieves zero backlash in both forward and reverse installations. Compared with other types of transmission systems, it has a greater overlap and smoother transmission, making it suitable for high-speed, heavy-load applications with high requirements for vibration and noise.

[0025] Both the high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set are sealed and installed inside the housing 2, and the transmission ends of the high-speed shaft 11 and the low-speed shaft 6 extend out of the housing 2.

[0026] The materials for the gear sets are as follows: the high-speed gear set is made of 40Cr steel that has been quenched and tempered, the low-speed gear set is made of 45 steel that has been quenched and tempered, and the high-speed shaft 11 and the low-speed shaft 6 are made of 45 steel that has been quenched and tempered.

[0027] To achieve a sealed installation, the high-speed shaft 11 is equipped with a high-speed shaft cover 10 coaxial with it and having a through hole. The high-speed shaft cover is fixedly connected to the housing 2. The high-speed shaft 11 passes through the through hole of the high-speed shaft cover 10. A high-speed shaft oil seal felt ring 12 is installed in the gap between the high-speed shaft 11 and the through hole of the high-speed shaft cover 10 to form a sealing effect. A high-speed shaft end cap 19 is fixedly installed on the housing 2 to seal the other end of the high-speed shaft 11.

[0028] The aforementioned low-speed shaft 6 is equipped with a low-speed shaft cover 21 coaxial with it and having a through hole. The low-speed shaft cover 21 is fixedly connected to the housing 2. The low-speed shaft 6 passes through the through hole of the low-speed shaft cover 21. A low-speed shaft oil seal felt ring 20 is installed in the gap between the low-speed shaft 6 and the through hole of the low-speed shaft cover 21 to form an installation sealing effect. A low-speed shaft end cap 8 is fixedly installed on the housing 2 to seal the other shaft end of the low-speed shaft 6.

[0029] In order to limit the axial position of the low-speed gear set, an annular low-speed shaft washer 5 is provided between the first low-speed shaft gear 3 and the second low-speed shaft gear 4. The low-speed shaft washer 5 is coaxially fitted with the low-speed shaft 6 and fills the axial gap between the first low-speed shaft gear 3 and the second low-speed shaft gear 4. The low-speed shaft 6 is provided with an annular limiting protrusion coaxial with it, and a low-speed shaft sleeve 22 coaxial with it is also fixedly sleeved. The low-speed shaft sleeve 22 and the annular limiting protrusion clamp the low-speed gear set in the axial direction. The two low-speed shaft bearings 7 are respectively located at the two shaft ends of the low-speed gear set.

[0030] To limit the axial position of the high-speed gear set, the high-speed gear set is equipped with three high-speed shaft shims 18 coaxially fitted onto the high-speed shaft 11. The high-speed shaft shims 18 fill the axial gap between any two adjacent high-speed shaft gears. The high-speed shaft 11 is provided with a coaxial annular axial limiting protrusion, and a high-speed shaft sleeve 13 coaxially fitted thereto is also fixedly fitted. The high-speed shaft sleeve 13 and the axial limiting protrusion clamp the high-speed gear set axially. Two high-speed shaft bearings 9 are respectively located at the two ends of the high-speed gear set.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the side wall of the housing 2 is conventionally provided with a transparent observation window 23, which faces the high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set so as to observe the working status of the high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set.

[0032] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or improvements based on these embodiments. Without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, such modifications or improvements should fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-backlash bidirectional speed reducer characterized by, It comprises: a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set intermeshing; a high-speed shaft (11) coaxially connected with the high-speed gear set, the high-speed shaft (11) being arranged as a power input shaft; a low-speed shaft (6) coaxially connected with the low-speed gear set, the low-speed shaft (6) being arranged as a power output shaft; wherein the low-speed gear set is composed of a first low-speed shaft gear (3) and a second low-speed shaft gear (4) coaxially sleeved with the low-speed shaft (6), and the high-speed gear set is composed of four high-speed shaft gears coaxially sleeved with the high-speed shaft (11), the four high-speed shaft gears being a right one high-speed shaft gear (14), a right two high-speed shaft gear (15), a left two high-speed shaft gear (16) and a left one high-speed shaft gear (17) in sequence; the first low-speed shaft gear (3) is matched with the left two high-speed shaft gear (16) and the left one high-speed shaft gear (17), the second low-speed shaft gear (4) is matched with the right one high-speed shaft gear (14) and the right two high-speed shaft gear (15), the right one high-speed shaft gear (14) and the left one high-speed shaft gear (17) are reversely meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear (4) and the first low-speed shaft gear (3) respectively, and the right two high-speed shaft gear (15) and the left two high-speed shaft gear (16) are forwardly meshed with the second low-speed shaft gear (4) and the first low-speed shaft gear (3) respectively; a low-speed shaft gasket (5) is arranged between the first low-speed shaft gear (3) and the second low-speed shaft gear (4), the low-speed shaft gasket (5) is coaxially sleeved with the low-speed shaft (6) and fills the axial gap of the first low-speed shaft gear (3) and the second low-speed shaft gear (4); the high-speed gear set is provided with a high-speed shaft gasket (18) coaxially sleeved with the high-speed shaft (11), the high-speed shaft gasket (18) fills the axial gap of any two adjacent high-speed shaft gears; the low-speed shaft (6) is provided with a ring-shaped limiting convex ring coaxial therewith, and is further fixedly sleeved with a low-speed shaft sleeve (22) coaxial therewith, the low-speed shaft sleeve (22) and the ring-shaped limiting convex ring axially clamp the low-speed gear set; the high-speed shaft (11) is provided with a circular ring-shaped axial limiting convex ring coaxial therewith, and is further fixedly sleeved with a high-speed shaft sleeve (13) coaxial therewith, the high-speed shaft sleeve (13) and the axial limiting convex ring axially clamp the high-speed gear set.

2. A zero-backlash bidirectional speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further comprises a hollow box (2), the high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set are both sealingly installed in the box (2), and the transmission ends of the high-speed shaft (11) and the low-speed shaft (6) both pass through the box (2).

3. The zero-backlash bidirectional speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the high-speed shaft (11) is provided with a high-speed shaft cover (10) coaxial therewith and provided with a through hole, the high-speed shaft cover is fixedly connected with the box (2), the high-speed shaft (11) penetrates through the through hole of the high-speed shaft cover (10), and a high-speed shaft oil seal felt ring (12) is installed in the gap between the high-speed shaft (11) and the through hole of the high-speed shaft cover (10). The low-speed shaft (6) is provided with a low-speed shaft cover (21) coaxial with the low-speed shaft (6) and provided with a through hole, the low-speed shaft cover (21) is fixedly connected with the box (2), the low-speed shaft (6) penetrates through the through hole of the low-speed shaft cover (21), and a low-speed shaft oil seal felt ring (20) is arranged in the gap between the low-speed shaft (6) and the through hole of the low-speed shaft cover (21).

4. A zero-backlash bi-directional speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The high-speed gear set is made of 40Cr steel after quenching and tempering treatment, the low-speed gear set is made of No.45 steel after quenching and tempering treatment, and the high-speed shaft (11) and the low-speed shaft (6) are made of No.45 steel after quenching and tempering treatment.

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