A method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline, which includes the following steps: Step 1, install a measurement auxiliary device under the center of the outer bottom of the hull at each measured baseline deflection position; Step 2, determine the erection position of the level; Step 3, obtain height data; Step 4, calculate according to the height data measured by the level in Step 2.2. After adding the obtained height level data, perform the conversion of the average value to obtain the average value of the hull baseline deflection; then, according to the data obtained from each detection, draw a curve graph of the baseline deflection. The present invention uses a measurement auxiliary device to replace the channel steel parts to measure the precision data of the baseline deflection at the center of the outer bottom of the hull, which can greatly improve the data precision and the measurement construction efficiency, and greatly facilitate the measurement construction, realizing the one-time feedback of the precision data of the baseline deflection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the integral forming of a ship during in-dock construction, and more specifically, to a method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline. Background Art

[0002] After the integral forming of the ship during in-dock construction is completed, in the stage of measuring the deflection data of the center baseline of the ship's outer bottom, it is necessary to set up vertical channel steel members at the center of the ship's outer bottom in advance. During the measurement construction process, a reference line with the same horizontal direction is made on each channel steel member by using a level, and the numerical values are measured between each line and the center of the ship's outer bottom. During the process of drawing the horizontal line, the level needs to be moved more than 15 times, and multiple reference height points need to be repeatedly made. The horizontal line at the next position is made according to the height points.

[0003] As Figures 12 to 13 shown, in the previous construction, it was necessary to set up vertical channel steel members at the center of the ship's outer bottom in advance. During the measurement construction process, a horizontal reference line 3 with the same horizontal direction was made on each channel steel member 2 by using a level 1, and the numerical values were measured between each horizontal reference line 3 and the center of the ship's outer bottom. As Figure 8 shown, since more than 800 cement steel piers 4 are arranged in the outer bottom area of the large ship and are laid in a grid pattern, the cement steel piers 4 in the longitudinal and transverse directions are all arranged parallel to the ship's transverse direction. There are a large number of cement steel piers at the position of the center 7 of the ship's outer bottom. Therefore, during the process of drawing the horizontal line on the channel steel column, the level needs to be moved more than 15 times, and multiple reference height points need to be made at the cement steel piers as the transfer reference height points 6 for the transfer of the level 1. The horizontal reference line 3 of the outer bottom center column at the next position is made according to the transfer reference height points 6. Before construction, the operator needs to set up the corresponding channel steel members 2 in advance, and then use the level 1 to draw the horizontal line of the first channel steel member 2. The height of the first point should be an integer with the center of the outer bottom. Then, the transfer reference height points 6 visible to the level 1 are drawn, and the level 1 is moved multiple times until all the horizontal reference lines 3 on the channel steel members 2 at the center of the ship's outer bottom are completely drawn. During construction, the horizontal reference line 3 is repeatedly corrected and calibrated to ensure the reliability of the data. All the above constructions require the cooperation of more than three people to complete the construction work.

[0004] Sometimes, data non-compliance is caused by instrument or human error, and errors occur at both ends of the horizontal line due to the instability of the channel steel parts, resulting in an increase in the error amount of the data. At present, during the construction of the deflection measurement of the center baseline of the ship's outer bottom, the shipowner has stricter requirements for the data. This data is directly related to the subsequent data of the ship's draft and the main ship's molded depth. At the same time, the method of using channel steel parts is too backward, with extremely poor stability and high costs. Steel parts need to be replaced for each ship, and the instrument needs to be moved multiple times during construction, and the accuracy is not high, seriously affecting the accuracy and quality of the measurement construction and slowing down the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to achieve accurate data detection of the deflection of the center baseline of the ship's outer bottom without using channel steel parts, saving labor costs.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the ship's baseline, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Install a measurement auxiliary device under the center of the ship's outer bottom at each measured baseline deflection position. The measurement auxiliary device includes a main structure in the shape of an inverted stool. A transverse long rod is provided between the two legs of the main structure. The transverse long rod can slide up and down or be fixed along the two legs through a clamping sleeve of two clamping bolts installed thereon. A digital display inclinometer is provided on the rod section of the transverse long rod. The transverse long rod extends to the outside of one of the legs, and a full-size reflection target is provided at the end of the extended section. The upper ends of the legs are fixed with two cover plates through adjustable rotation bolts. Two button magnets are arranged at intervals in the middle of any one of the cover plates. The two legs are provided with dimension scales on the same side of the full-size reflection target.

[0008] Step 1.1: Adjust the two clamping bolts of each measurement auxiliary device so that each transverse long rod is fixed at the same numerical value on the dimension scale.

[0009] Step 1.2: Adjust the two rotation bolts of each measurement auxiliary device, and at the same time observe the digital display of the digital display inclinometer to zero, so that each transverse long rod remains horizontal.

[0010] Step 2: Determine the erection position of the level.

[0011] Step 2.1: Determine the position of the level in the ship's transverse direction.

[0012] In Step 1, the level is erected in the space where all the full-size reflection targets of the measurement auxiliary devices can be observed at one time between the center of the ship's outer bottom and two rows of longitudinal cement steel piers on its right or left side in the longitudinal direction.

[0013] Step 2.2: Determine the position of the level instrument described in Step 2.1 in the longitudinal direction of the ship.

[0014] The distance from the level instrument to the most distal measurement point at the bow is equal to the distance from the level instrument to the most distal measurement point at the stern.

[0015] Step 3: Obtain height data;

[0016] Step 3.1: Use the most distal measurement point at the bow or the most distal measurement point at the stern of the outer bottom of the ship described in Step 2.2 as the first measurement point, and measure the value of the full-size reflection target at the first measurement point with the level instrument described in Step 2.2 as the reference height data.

[0017] Step 3.2: Let the level instrument described in Step 2.2 measure the height data of the full-size reflection targets of each measurement auxiliary device described in each Step 1.2 in turn, and record; use the first measurement point as the reference height point to observe and automatically calculate the horizontal data.

[0018] Step 4: Add up all the horizontal degree data of the center of the outer bottom of the ship detected by the level instrument described in Step 3.2 and take the average value to obtain the average value of the hull baseline deflection. Then, take any one measurement point as the reference zero point for horizontal data conversion, and draw a curve graph of the baseline deflection in the data table according to the converted horizontal data.

[0019] Preferably, the main structure of the inverted stool type is made of acrylic material.

[0020] Preferably, the cover plate is rectangular.

[0021] Preferably, the structure of the clamping bolt is that a rubber head is provided at the screwing end of the screw.

[0022] Preferably, the level instrument is a laser total station.

[0023] Preferably, the measurement of the height value includes two different detection methods: namely, the opposite side detection method in the instrument and the coordinate setting-up station detection method.

[0024] Preferably, in the opposite side detection method, the first point observed is used to set the zero point of the height data, and each subsequent measured point is compared based on the data of the first point.

[0025] Preferably, in the coordinate setting-up station detection method, the ECO-EMS two-point setting-up station function of the level instrument is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with two measured points at the bow and the stern as the base points, and the height data is also automatically calculated data based on the first point of setting up the station as the reference height point.

[0026] Preferably, limit blocks for restricting the detachment of the clamping sleeves are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two legs.

[0027] The present invention uses a measurement auxiliary device to replace the channel steel member for measuring the precision data of the deflection of the center baseline of the ship's outer bottom. By using this device, equidistant detection of the outermost measurement point a at the bow and the outermost measurement point b at the stern can be carried out, reducing the detection error of the total station. It can greatly improve the data accuracy and the measurement construction efficiency, and greatly facilitate the measurement construction, realizing the one-time feedback of the baseline deflection precision data. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a construction measurement schematic diagram of using the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary measurement device in the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary measurement device in the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary measurement device in the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the transverse long rod in the auxiliary measurement device described in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the threaded sleeves on the outer sides of the clamping sleeves on both sides of the transverse long rod in the auxiliary measurement device described in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a front view structural schematic diagram of the clamping bolt matching with the threaded sleeves on the outer sides of the clamping sleeves on both sides of the transverse long rod in

[0035] Figure 8 is a position diagram of the grid-shaped cement steel piers at the center of the existing ship's outer bottom.

[0036] Figure 9 is a detailed drawing of the arrangement direction of the grid-shaped cement steel piers.

[0037] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the measurement position of the level in the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the hull baseline deflection obtained by the method for quickly measuring the ultimate deflection of a ship hull described in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 is the construction operation drawing in the prior art.

[0040] Figure 13 is Figure 12 the enlarged schematic diagram of the component at A.

[0041] Wherein: 1. Level; 2. Grooved steel member; 3. Horizontal reference line; 4. Cement steel pier; 6. Transfer station reference height point; 7. Center of the ship's outer bottom; 8. Measuring auxiliary device; 8.1. Leg; 8.2. Cover plate; 8.3. Button magnet; 8.4. Rotating bolt; 8.5. Dimension scale; 8.6. Horizontal long rod; 8.7. Full-size reflection target; 8.8. Digital display inclinometer; 8.9. Clamping bushing; 8.11. Clamping bolt; 8.12. Rubber head; 8.13... Specific implementation method

[0042] Embodiment:

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, a method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1. Install a measuring auxiliary device 8 under the center 7 of the ship's outer bottom at each measured baseline deflection position.

[0045] As Figures 2 to 7 shown, the measuring auxiliary device 8 includes an inverted stool-shaped main structure, and the inverted stool-shaped main structure is made of acrylic. A horizontal long rod 8.6 is provided between the two legs 8.1 of the main structure, and the horizontal long rod 8.6 can slide up and down or be fixed along the two legs 8.1 through the clamping bushings 8.9 of two clamping bolts 8.11 installed thereon. The size of the horizontal long rod 8.6 is 1000 in length × 50 in width × 8 in thickness, and a marking center line 8.14 is provided at the middle position of its side.

[0046] An instrument holder 8.13 is provided on the rod section of the horizontal long rod 8.6, and the digital display inclinometer 8.8 is clamped by the instrument holder 8.13; the horizontal long rod 8.6 extends to the outside of one of the legs 8.1, and a full-size reflection target 8.7 is provided at the end of the extension section; the center of the full-size reflection target 8.7 is located on the marking center line 8.14.

[0047] The upper ends of the outriggers 8.1 are fixedly provided with two cover plates 8.2 through rotary bolts 8.4, and two button magnets 8.3 are arranged at intervals in the middle of any one of the cover plates 8.2; the cover plates 8.2 are rectangular. On the same side of the full-size reflection target 8.7, the two outriggers 8.1 are provided with a dimension scale 8.5. On the outer sides of the two outriggers 8.1, limit blocks 8.10 for restricting the clamping sleeve 8.9 from coming off are respectively arranged. The distances between the positions of the two clamping sleeves 8.9 on the transverse long rod 8.6 and both sides of the two outriggers 8.1 are both 2 mm.

[0048] Step 1.1: Adjust the two clamping bolts 8.11 of each of the measurement auxiliary devices 8 so that each of the transverse long rods 8.6 is fixed at the same numerical value on the dimension scale 8.5. The size of the clamping bolt 8.11 Its specific structure is that a rubber head 8.12 is provided at the screwed-in end of the screw.

[0049] Step 1.2: Adjust the two rotary bolts 8.4 of each of the measurement auxiliary devices 8, and at the same time observe the digital display of the digital display inclinometer 8.8 to zero, so that each of the transverse long rods 8.6 is kept horizontal;

[0050] Step 2: Determine the erection position of the level 1; the level 1 is a laser total station.

[0051] Step 2.1: Determine the position of the level 1 in the transverse direction of the ship;

[0052] As Figures 8 to 9 shown, in Step 1, the level 1 is erected in the space where all the full-size reflection targets 8.7 of the measurement auxiliary devices 8 can be observed at one time between the center 7 of the outer bottom of the ship and two rows of longitudinal cement steel piers 4 on its right or left longitudinal side;

[0053] Step 2.2: Determine the position of the level 1 in the longitudinal direction of the ship in Step 2.1;

[0054] The distance from the level 1 to the most distal measurement point a at the bow is equal to the distance from the level 1 to the most distal measurement point b at the stern;

[0055] Step 3: Obtain height data;

[0056] Step 3.1: Take the most distal measurement point a at the bow or the most distal measurement point b at the stern of the outer bottom of the ship in Step 2.2 as the first measurement point, and use the level 1 in Step 2.2 to measure the value of the full-size reflection target 8.7 at the first measurement point as the reference height data;

[0057] Step 3.2: Let the level 1 described in step 2.2 measure the height data of the full-size reflection targets 8.7 of each measurement auxiliary device 8 described in step 1.2 in sequence and record them. The measurement of the height values includes two different detection methods: namely, the opposite side detection method and the coordinate setting-up station detection method in the instrument. For the opposite side detection method, the first observed point is used to set the zero point of the height data, and each subsequent measured point is compared based on the data of the first point. For the coordinate setting-up station detection method, the ECO-EMS two-point setting-up station function of the level 1 is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the two measured points at the bow and the stern as the base points, and the height data is also automatically calculated based on the first point of the set-up station as the reference height point. The horizontal data is observed and automatically calculated with the first measurement point as the reference height point.

[0058] Step 4: Add up all the horizontal degree data of the outer bottom center of the hull detected by the total station in step 3.2 and take the average value to obtain the average value of the hull baseline deflection. Then, take any one measurement point as the reference zero point for horizontal data conversion, and draw a curve graph of the baseline deflection in the data table according to the converted horizontal data.

[0059] The specific method for taking the average value is as follows: According to the level 1 described in step 3.2, make horizontal lines of the same height on each cement steel pier 4, and then use a tape measure tool to measure the distance data between each horizontal line and the outer bottom center of the hull for calculation. After adding up the obtained distance data, divide by the number of channel steel columns to obtain the average value of the hull baseline deflection; then, based on the data obtained from each detection in step 3.2, take any one point as the reference 0 point for horizontal data conversion, and convert the values such as 0, +5, +9, -8, -6. Draw a curve graph of the baseline deflection in the data table according to the converted horizontal data, as Figure 6As shown. The average value of the hull baseline deflection is used as the height data reference for subsequent ship outer plate waterline marking and ship main dimension detection. The technical advantage of the present invention lies in making full use of the advantages of the total station, reasonably applying the functions of the instrument itself, and combining the characteristics of the special device, enabling the two to cooperate organically. The special device is simple and convenient to adjust, solving the problem that multiple channel steel parts need to be set up for the previous baseline deflection measurement in the dock, saving a large amount of material costs; the instrument operation does not require multiple instrument relocations, solving the problem that the instrument needed to be relocated up to more than 15 times in the past, and multiple reference points needed to be set repeatedly, resulting in a large precision error; the instrument only needs to be set up once to complete the data measurement construction of the entire ship's baseline deflection, avoiding the data error phenomenon caused by multiple instrument relocations in the past, improving the data accuracy, making the data more intuitive and reliable, and the full-size reflection target has high precision; this method can be used for data measurement for different ship types; two people can complete the data measurement work of the entire ship's baseline deflection, while reducing the cost of using materials, greatly reducing the construction difficulty and comprehensive cost.

[0060] The method of the present invention uses a special device to make the horizontal rod of the device extend exactly into the space between the center of the ship's outer bottom and the two longitudinal rows of cement steel piers on the right (or left) side (as Figure 4 shown), so that the total station can observe all the horizontal extension points at the center position of the ship's outer bottom, thereby measuring the data of the baseline at all the hull centers at one time without the need to move the instrument. The instrument only needs to be set up once to complete this construction operation, avoiding the data error phenomenon caused by multiple instrument relocations in the past, while reducing the cost of using materials, reducing the construction difficulty, and improving the construction precision.

[0061] Alternative solution of the present invention: Similar principle devices made of different materials and types can also be used for measurement; the shape or function of the auxiliary measurement device can be changed to achieve the purpose of rapid measurement, such as using an intelligent lifting device, etc. The instrument relocation measurement can be carried out by using the spatial data function, and the measurement data effect can also be achieved. By setting multiple height reference points on the same horizontal plane for the detection of baseline deflection, setting reference lines or points on both sides in the dock, no matter which position of the ship's outer bottom center horizontal data the total station or level needs to observe, it can be based on the set horizontal height reference points. The disadvantage of this method is that multiple instrument relocations are still required, and the advantage is that the observation conditions are better.

[0062] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Install a measurement auxiliary device (8) under the center (7) of the outer bottom of the ship at each measured baseline flexure position; The measurement auxiliary device (8) includes a main structure in the shape of an inverted stool. A transverse long rod (8.6) is provided between the two legs (8.1) of the main structure. The transverse long rod (8.6) slides up and down or is fixed along the two legs (8.1) through the clamping sleeves (8.9) of two clamping bolts (8.11) installed thereon; A digital display inclinometer (8.8) is arranged on the rod section of the transverse long rod (8.6); the transverse long rod (8.6) extends to the outside of one of the legs (8.1), and a full-size reflection target (8.7) is arranged at the end of the extended section; The upper ends of the legs (8.1) are fixedly provided with two cover plates (8.2) adjustably through rotating bolts (8.4). Two button magnets (8.3) are arranged at intervals in the middle of any one of the cover plates (8.2); the two legs (8.1) are provided with a size scale (8.5) on the same side of the full-size reflection target (8.7); Step 1.1: Adjust the two clamping bolts (8.11) of each measurement auxiliary device (8) so that each transverse long rod (8.6) is fixed at the same numerical value on the size scale (8.5); Step 1.2: Adjust the two rotating bolts (8.4) of each measurement auxiliary device (8), and at the same time observe the digital display of the digital display inclinometer (8.8) to zero, so that each transverse long rod (8.6) remains horizontal; Step 2: Determine the erection position of the level (1); Step 2.1: Determine the position of the level (1) in the transverse direction of the ship; In Step 1, the level (1) is erected in the space where all the full-size reflection targets (8.7) of the measurement auxiliary devices (8) can be observed at one time between the center (7) of the outer bottom of the ship and two rows of longitudinal cement steel piers (4) on its right longitudinal side or left longitudinal side; Step 2.2: Determine the position of the level (1) in the longitudinal direction of the ship in Step 2.1; The distance from the level (1) to the most distal measurement point (a) at the bow is equal to the distance from the level (1) to the most distal measurement point (b) at the stern; Step 3: Obtain height data; Step 3.1: Take the most distal measurement point (a) or the most distal measurement point (b) at the stern of the outer bottom of the ship in Step 2.2 as the first measurement point, and use the level (1) in Step 2.2 to measure the value of the full-size reflection target (8.7) at the first measurement point as the reference height data; Step 3.2: Let the level (1) in Step 2.2 measure the height data of the full-size reflection target (8.7) of each measurement auxiliary device (8) in Step 1.2 in turn and record it; use the first measurement point as the reference height point to observe and automatically calculate the levelness data of the center of the outer bottom of the ship; Step 4: Add up the levelness data of all the bottom center points of the hull detected by the level (1) described in Step 3.2, take the average value to obtain the average value of the hull baseline deflection, then convert the level data with any one measurement point as the reference zero point, and draw the curve graph of the baseline deflection in the data table according to the converted level data.

2. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the hull baseline deflection according to claim 1, characterized in that The main structure of the inverted stool shape is made of acrylic.

3. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 1, wherein The cover plate (8.2) is rectangular.

4. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the clamping bolt (8.11), a rubber head (8.12) is provided at the screwed-in end of the screw.

5. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 1, characterized in that The level (1) is a laser total station.

6. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement of the height value includes two different detection methods: namely, the opposite side detection method and the coordinate setting-up station detection method in the instrument.

7. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 6, characterized in that, For the opposite side detection method, the height data is set to zero using the first observed point, and each subsequent measured point is compared based on the data of the first point.

8. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 6, characterized in that, For the coordinate setting-up station detection method, the ECO-EMS two-point station setting-up function of the level (1) is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with two measured points at the bow and stern as the base points, and the height data is also automatically calculated based on the first point of the station set-up as the reference height point.

9. The method for conveniently and quickly measuring the deflection of the hull baseline according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the outer sides of the two legs (8.1), limit blocks (8.10) for restricting the removal of the clamping collar (8.9) are respectively provided.

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