A mode hybrid dipole antenna

Abstract

The application provides a mode-mixed dipole antenna, which comprises a mode-mixed dipole, a feeding structure and a reflecting structure; the mode-mixed dipole is horizontally fixed above the reflecting structure through the feeding structure; the mode-mixed dipole comprises a first dielectric plate printed with a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm; the second dipole arm comprises a first microstrip, a second microstrip and a third microstrip, the first microstrip has the same structure as the first dipole arm, the second microstrip and the third microstrip are connected with the starting end of the first microstrip at one end and are open at the other end; the feeding structure comprises a second dielectric plate, a balun is arranged on the surface of one side of the second dielectric plate, and a first short-circuit microstrip and a second short-circuit microstrip are arranged on the surface of the other side of the second dielectric plate; and the reflecting structure comprises a third dielectric plate printed with a metal reflecting surface. The application realizes that the antenna works in a half-wave mode and a full-wave mode at the same time under the condition that the length of the antenna is kept as half a wavelength, and improves the bandwidth of the half-wave dipole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a mode-mixing dipole antenna. Background Technology

[0002] The dipole antenna is one of the earliest, simplest, and most widely used antennas in radio communication. It consists of a pair of symmetrically placed conductors (also called "dipole arms"), with their ends connected to feed lines. When used as a transmitting antenna, the electrical signal is fed into the conductors from the center of the antenna; when used as a receiving antenna, the received signal is also obtained from the conductors at the center of the antenna. The diameter of the dipole antenna arms is much smaller than the operating wavelength and the arm length. The arms of a dipole antenna can be a pair of symmetrical thin metal tubes or a pair of symmetrical narrow microstrip lines, etc. When the arm length of the dipole antenna is half a wavelength, the gain is moderate, and the feed point current is maximum. When the arm length of the dipole antenna is one wavelength, the gain is maximum, but the feed point current is zero, resulting in infinite input impedance and making matching difficult.

[0003] There is an urgent need for a dipole antenna that is simple in structure, inexpensive, and has a wide bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a mode-mixing dipole antenna, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] This includes mode-mixing dipoles, feeding structures, and reflection structures;

[0006] The mode-mixed dipole includes a first dielectric plate, on which a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm are printed.

[0007] The second dipole arm includes a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a third microstrip. The first microstrip has the same structure as the first dipole arm. One end of the second microstrip and the third microstrip are connected to the starting end of the first microstrip, and the other end is open.

[0008] The power supply structure includes a second dielectric substrate, a balun on one side of the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and a first short-circuit microstrip and a second short-circuit microstrip on the other side of the surface.

[0009] The reflective structure includes a third dielectric plate, on which a metallic reflective surface is printed.

[0010] The second medium plate is inserted into the first medium plate and the third medium plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the first dipole arm is a rectangular microstrip line with a width of 0.03λ0 and a length of 0.2λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

[0012] Furthermore, both the second microstrip and the third microstrip are composed of two vertically connected transverse microstrip lines and longitudinal microstrip lines;

[0013] The longitudinal microstrip line is connected to the starting end of the first microstrip;

[0014] The lateral microstrip line includes a first lateral microstrip line and a second lateral microstrip line.

[0015] Furthermore, the longitudinal microstrip line connected to the starting end of the first microstrip in the second microstrip has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to this longitudinal microstrip line is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.08λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

[0016] Furthermore, the longitudinal microstrip line connected to the starting end of the first microstrip in the third microstrip has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to this longitudinal microstrip line is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.07λ0.

[0017] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate is provided with a first rectangular groove and a second rectangular groove, and the third dielectric substrate is provided with a third rectangular groove and a fourth rectangular groove;

[0018] The upper end of the second medium plate is provided with a first rectangular protrusion and a second rectangular protrusion that are adapted to the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove, and the lower end of the second medium plate is provided with a third rectangular protrusion and a fourth rectangular protrusion that are adapted to the third rectangular groove and the fourth rectangular groove.

[0019] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate are all made of FR4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] Two open-circuit microstrips are provided on the second dipole arm, which can excite the full-wave mode and generate two resonant points operating in the full-wave mode. By merging the two resonant points with the resonant points generated by the half-wave mode of the dipole, the antenna can operate in both half-wave and full-wave modes at the same time while keeping the antenna length at half a wavelength, thereby improving the operating bandwidth of the half-wave dipole. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the mode-mixed dipole of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a current distribution diagram of the present invention at 1.8 GHz, 2 GHz and 2.15 GHz;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the S-parameter diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Mode hybrid dipole, 11-First dielectric substrate, 111-First rectangular slot, 112-Second rectangular slot, 12-First dipole arm, 13-Second dipole arm, 131-First microstrip, 132-Second microstrip, 133-Third microstrip, 2-Feeding structure, 21-Second dielectric substrate, 211-First rectangular protrusion, 212-Second rectangular protrusion, 213-Third rectangular protrusion, 214-Fourth rectangular protrusion, 22-Balon, 23-First short-circuited microstrip, 24-Second short-circuited microstrip, 3-Reflection structure, 31-Third dielectric substrate, 311-Third rectangular slot, 312-Fourth rectangular slot, 32-Metallic reflective surface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following description. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is conventionally placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship in which those skilled in the art conventionally understand it during use. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a mode-mixing dipole antenna, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a mode-mixing dipole 1, a feeding structure 2, and a reflection structure 3.

[0033] The mode hybrid dipole 1 includes a first dielectric plate 11, on which a first dipole arm 12 and a second dipole arm 13 are printed.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the second dipole arm 13 includes a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a third microstrip. The first microstrip has the same structure as the first dipole arm 12. One end of the second microstrip and the third microstrip are connected to the starting end of the first microstrip, and the other end is open.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second microstrip 132 and the third microstrip 133 are both composed of two vertically connected transverse microstrip lines and longitudinal microstrip lines.

[0036] The longitudinal microstrip line is connected to the starting end of the first microstrip 131;

[0037] The lateral microstrip line includes a first lateral microstrip line and a second lateral microstrip line.

[0038] Specifically, the longitudinal microstrip line in the second microstrip 132 connected to the starting end of the first microstrip 131 has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to this longitudinal microstrip line is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.08λ0.

[0039] In this embodiment, the longitudinal microstrip line in the third microstrip 133 connected to the starting end of the first microstrip 131 has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to this longitudinal microstrip line is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.07λ0.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the power supply structure 2 includes a second dielectric substrate 21, a balun 22 is provided on one side of the surface of the second dielectric substrate 21, and a first short-circuit microstrip 23 and a second short-circuit microstrip 24 are provided on the other side of the surface.

[0041] Among them, the balun 22 is equivalent to a quarter-wavelength impedance converter. By adjusting the size of the balun 22, the input impedance of the feed port can be changed.

[0042] Based on the balun 22, the first short-circuit microstrip 23 and the second short-circuit microstrip 24, unbalanced electromagnetic waves can be converted into balanced electromagnetic waves, which is beneficial for providing balanced current to the first dipole arm 12 and the second dipole arm 13.

[0043] The reflective structure 3 includes a third dielectric plate 31, on which a metal reflective surface 32 is printed.

[0044] The second medium plate 21 is inserted into the first medium plate 11 and the third medium plate 31;

[0045] That is, the mode mixing dipole 1 is horizontally fixed above the reflection structure 3 by the feeding structure 2. In this embodiment, the distance between the mode mixing dipole 1 and the reflection structure 3 is about 0.21λ0.

[0046] Specifically, the first medium plate 11 is provided with a first rectangular groove 111 and a second rectangular groove 112, and the third medium plate 31 is provided with a third rectangular groove 311 and a fourth rectangular groove 312.

[0047] The upper end of the second medium plate 21 is provided with a first rectangular protrusion 211 and a second rectangular protrusion 212 that are adapted to the first rectangular groove 111 and the second rectangular groove 112, and the lower end of the second medium plate 21 is provided with a third rectangular protrusion 213 and a fourth rectangular protrusion 214 that are adapted to the third rectangular groove 311 and the fourth rectangular groove 312.

[0048] The second dielectric plate 21 is connected to the first dielectric plate 11 and the third dielectric plate 31 through corresponding rectangular protrusions and rectangular slots.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first dipole arm 12 is a rectangular microstrip line with a width of 0.03λ0 and a length of 0.2λ0.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 11, the second dielectric substrate 21 and the third dielectric substrate 31 are all made of FR4 material with a relative permittivity of 4.4.

[0051] In this embodiment, the antenna operates in the frequency band of 1.71-2.17GHz, with a center frequency of 1.94GHz. The free space wavelength λ0 corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna is 154mm.

[0052] The total length of the first dipole arm 12 and the first microstrip 131 is approximately half the free space wavelength corresponding to 1.8 GHz;

[0053] like Figure 4 The image shows the current distribution of the antenna at 1.8 GHz, 2 GHz, and 2.15 GHz. Figure 4 As can be seen, at 1.8 GHz, the currents on the first dipole arm 12 and the first microstrip 131 are in the same direction and reach their maximum in the middle, which is consistent with the current distribution of a half-wave dipole.

[0054] That is, the antenna operates in half-wavelength mode at 1.8 GHz;

[0055] By setting the second microstrip 132 and the third microstrip 133 at the starting end of the first microstrip 131, two additional resonant points are excited, located at 2 GHz and 2.15 GHz respectively. At this time, the current on the second dipole arm 13 exhibits a current distribution similar to that of a full-wave dipole.

[0056] Combination Figure 4 As shown, at 2 GHz and 2.15 GHz, the current directions on the first dipole arm 12 and the first microstrip 131 are opposite, and the current reaches its maximum at the center of the first dipole arm 12 and the center of the first microstrip 131, respectively, which conforms to the current distribution of a full-wave dipole.

[0057] This means that the antenna operates in full-wave mode at 2 GHz and 2.15 GHz.

[0058] like Figure 5 The figure shows the S-parameter diagram of the antenna in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, when |S11| < -10dB, the antenna generates three resonant points of 1.8GHz, 2GHz and 2.15GHz, covering the 1.71-2.17GHz frequency band. Compared with the single half-wavelength working mode of the traditional half-wave dipole antenna, it excites an additional full-wavelength working mode, thereby improving the bandwidth.

[0059] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A mode-mixing dipole antenna, characterized in that, This includes mode-mixing dipoles, feeding structures, and reflection structures; The mode-mixed dipole includes a first dielectric plate, on which a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm are printed. The second dipole arm includes a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a third microstrip. The first microstrip has the same structure as the first dipole arm. One end of the second microstrip and the third microstrip are connected to the starting end of the first microstrip, and the other end is open. The first dipole arm is a rectangular microstrip line with a width of 0.03λ0 and a length of 0.2λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna. Both the second microstrip and the third microstrip are composed of two vertically connected transverse microstrip lines and longitudinal microstrip lines; The longitudinal microstrip line is connected to the starting end of the first microstrip; The transverse microstrip line includes a first transverse microstrip line and a second transverse microstrip line; The longitudinal microstrip line in the second microstrip connected to the starting end of the first microstrip has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to the longitudinal microstrip line in the second microstrip that connects to the starting end of the first microstrip is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.08λ0. λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna. The longitudinal microstrip line connected to the starting end of the first microstrip in the third microstrip has a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.019λ0. The microstrip line perpendicularly connected to the longitudinal microstrip line connecting the starting end of the first microstrip in the third microstrip is composed of a first transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.003λ0 and a length of 0.032λ0 and a second transverse microstrip line with a width of 0.013λ0 and a length of 0.07λ0. The power supply structure includes a second dielectric substrate, a balun on one side of the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and a first short-circuit microstrip and a second short-circuit microstrip on the other side of the surface. The reflective structure includes a third dielectric plate, on which a metallic reflective surface is printed. The second medium plate is inserted into the first medium plate and the third medium plate.

2. The mode-mixing dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate is provided with a first rectangular slot and a second rectangular slot, and the third dielectric substrate is provided with a third rectangular slot and a fourth rectangular slot; The upper end of the second medium plate is provided with a first rectangular protrusion and a second rectangular protrusion that are adapted to the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove, and the lower end of the second medium plate is provided with a third rectangular protrusion and a fourth rectangular protrusion that are adapted to the third rectangular groove and the fourth rectangular groove.

3. The mode-mixing dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate are all made of FR4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4.

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