Thermal protection sleeve

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal protection sleeve (1) for accommodating an object (19) to be protected from high temperatures outside (12) of the sleeve (1). In order to improve the usability of the sleeve (1) and the object (19), the invention provides a sleeve (1) comprising a side (2) having a first side wall layer (3) and a second side wall layer (4) extending along the side (2), wherein the thermal properties of the first side wall layer (3) differ from the thermal properties of the second side wall layer (4).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a thermal protection sleeve. Background Art

[0002] Thermowells for housing temperature measuring devices are well known in the art and are widely used to protect components of the temperature measuring device that may be damaged by the temperature outside the thermowell, such as when the thermowell is placed in a furnace, such as a furnace used for soldering.

[0003] To protect components of the temperature measuring device that could be damaged by the temperature outside the thermowell, known thermowells are large and / or heavy, which makes handling the thermowell difficult, are porous, which makes them unsuitable for use in a vacuum, or are made of metal, which has a high heat storage capacity but blocks wireless signals transmitted or received by the temperature measuring device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, an object of the present invention may be to provide a thermowell for housing a temperature measuring device, which thermowell can be easily handled and used in a vacuum, and which allows the passage of wireless signals.

[0005] According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the thermal protection sleeve comprises a side surface having a first side wall layer and a second side wall layer extending at least along the side surface, wherein the thermal properties of the first side wall layer differ from the thermal properties of the second side wall layer.

[0006] Due to the different thermal properties of the at least two layers, the temperature measuring device is well protected in the sleeve from excessive temperatures, wherein the sleeve can be made relatively light and can be made of a material that is substantially permeable to wireless signals in frequency bands frequently used for wireless electromagnetic communication.

[0007] The solution according to the invention can be further improved by the embodiments mentioned below, which, unless explicitly mentioned to the contrary, can be combined as required.

[0008] According to one embodiment, the first sidewall layer is formed at a first density and the second sidewall layer is formed at a second density, wherein the first density is different from the second density. For example, the amount or size or holes or cavities in the first sidewall layer can be different from the amount or size or holes or cavities in the second sidewall layer to cause a density difference.

[0009] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the sidewall layers, which already have different densities, may have different thermal properties due to the different densities, wherein the sidewall layers may be made of different types of materials or the same type of material, or even consist of different types of materials or the same type of material.

[0010] According to one embodiment, at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer is formed with a density that varies along a predetermined direction. For example, the amount or size or holes or cavities may vary along a predetermined direction to cause density variation.

[0011] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the thermal properties of the first side wall layer and / or the second side wall layer may be adapted to be adjusted in terms of positioning or location, so that thermal protection may be placed at a desired location on the sleeve.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the first sidewall layer is formed at a first filling ratio, and the second sidewall layer is formed at a second filling ratio, wherein the first filling ratio is different from the second filling ratio.

[0013] Infill rate, also known as fill volume, refers to the percentage of fill in a 3D object. The 3D object may be made by additive manufacturing such as printing, for example by using the FDM (fused deposition modeling) process.

[0014] An object with 0% infill is hollow inside, and an object with 100% infill is completely solid inside.

[0015] In particular, a higher fill rate may result in a higher heat capacity compared to a lower fill rate.

[0016] A lower fill ratio may result in higher thermal isolation and possibly lower thermal conductivity compared to a higher fill ratio.

[0017] Thus, an advantage of this embodiment may be that, for example, when constructing a 3D object by additive manufacturing such as 3D printing, the corresponding thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity, of each of the sidewall layers may be easily predetermined by constructing the corresponding sidewall layers at a predetermined filling ratio.

[0018] According to one embodiment, at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer is formed using a base material and a filler material within the base material. For example, the base material may include pores or cavities, wherein the pores or cavities are at least partially or cross-sectionally filled with the filler material. The filler material may have the same or a different chemical composition as the base material.

[0019] An advantage of this embodiment may be that, due to the combination of the matrix material and the filling material, the thermal performance of the first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer may be further optimized.

[0020] Filler materials can be particles added to a matrix material, such as a resin or binder (plastic, composite, concrete), to improve specific properties, make the product less expensive, or a combination of both.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the matrix material is a polymer and the filling material is a composite material.

[0022] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the thermal performance of the first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer may be further optimized due to the combination of the base material and the composite material. In addition, since the composite material is stronger, lighter, or less expensive than a non-composite material, the stability of the sleeve may be increased or the weight of the sleeve may be reduced without increasing material costs.

[0023] A composite material (also called a synthetic material or simply a composite, which is a common name) can be a material made from two or more constituent materials with distinct physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce properties different from those of the individual components. The individual components can remain separate and distinct in the finished structure, distinguishing composites from mixtures and solid solutions.

[0024] According to one embodiment, a first sidewall layer is formed with a first base material and a first filler material in the first base material, and a second sidewall layer is formed with a second base material and a second filler material in the second base material, wherein the type and / or relative filling ratio of the first filler material is different from the type and / or relative filling ratio of the second filler material. For example, the filling ratio can specify the extent to which the filler material fills the hole or cavity. Alternatively or additionally, the filling ratio can specify the relative volume of space within the corresponding sidewall layer that is filled or not filled at all (in particular, not filled with base material or filler material). Thus, air can remain in the unfilled volume.

[0025] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the thermal properties may be easily and precisely influenced during the production of the first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the first matrix material comprises at least a first polymer, and / or the second matrix material comprises at least a second polymer, wherein the type of the first polymer is the same as or different from the type of the second polymer.

[0027] An advantage of this embodiment may be that not only the thermal properties but also other properties, such as chemical properties, of the respective first side wall layer or second side wall layer may be adjusted as desired.

[0028] According to an embodiment, the first filling material comprises at least a first composite material, and / or the second filling material comprises at least a second composite material, wherein the type or structural orientation of the first composite material is the same as or different from the type or structural orientation of the second composite material.

[0029] An advantage of this embodiment may be that not only the thermal properties but also other properties such as mechanical properties of the respective first side wall layer or second side wall layer can be adjusted as required.

[0030] According to an embodiment, at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer is formed with a structural orientation. The structural orientation may be caused by a preferred direction of components such as carbon fibers being implemented in the corresponding sidewall layer.

[0031] An advantage of this embodiment may be that, due to the structural orientation, the mechanical and / or thermal properties may be adjusted as desired. For example, due to the structural orientation, the thermal conductivity may be higher in one direction, such as along the orientation and transverse to the orientation.

[0032] According to an embodiment, the first layer has a first structural orientation and the second layer has a second structural orientation, wherein the first structural orientation is different from the second structural orientation.

[0033] An advantage of this embodiment may be that, due to the structural orientation, the mechanical and / or thermal properties may be adjusted as desired.

[0034] According to an embodiment, the thermal property is thermal conductivity, wherein at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer comprises a predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a predefined direction.

[0035] An advantage of this embodiment may be that heat may be effectively conducted away from heat-sensitive areas of an item placed inside the sleeve.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the first sidewall layer has a first predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a first predefined direction, and the second sidewall layer has a second predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a second predefined direction, wherein the absolute value of the first predefined maximum thermal conductivity is different from the absolute value of the second predefined maximum thermal conductivity, and / or the first direction is different from the second direction.

[0037] An advantage of this embodiment may be that heat may be conducted more effectively away from heat-sensitive areas of an item placed inside the sleeve.

[0038] Different thermal conductivities along the first predetermined direction and / or the second predetermined direction may be achieved by using a filler material, which may be carbon fibers arranged in at least one direction, which may be aligned with the predetermined direction.

[0039] According to an embodiment, the predetermined direction extends along the outer side of the respective first and second sidewall layers. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the first and / or second sidewall layers may be minimum perpendicular to the outer side of the respective one of the first and second sidewall layers.

[0040] An advantage of this embodiment may be that heat is effectively conducted along the outer side wall, rather than being conducted perpendicularly to the outer side wall, ie not into the interior of the sleeve.

[0041] According to an embodiment, the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer are arranged at a distance from each other.

[0042] An advantage of this embodiment may be that, due to the distance between the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer, a gap exists between the sidewall layers, and the gap hinders heat conduction, thereby advantageously reducing thermal conductivity from the outside to the inside.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the sleeve comprises an outer container and an inner container, wherein an outer shape of the inner container is at least cross-sectionally complementary to an inner receiving volume of the outer container, wherein a side surface of the sleeve comprises adjacent side walls of the inner container and the outer container, the adjacent side wall of the inner container comprising one of a first side wall layer and a second side wall layer, and the adjacent side wall of the outer container comprising the other of the first side wall layer and the second side wall layer.

[0044] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the article can be easily placed in the inner container without having to handle the complete sleeve, wherein the inner container can be easily placed in the outer container. For example, the outer container can be mounted inside a furnace, thereby ensuring that such a sleeve is always placed in the same position in the furnace, wherein the article can be easily placed in the inner container outside the furnace.

[0045] The inner container may be referred to as the inner shell, and the outer container may be referred to as the outer shell.

[0046] According to an embodiment, in a state in which the inner container is placed in its inserted position, wherein the inner container is at least partially arranged in the receiving volume, there is a gap between adjacent side faces.

[0047] An advantage of this embodiment may be that due to the gap, the conduction of heat is hindered, thereby advantageously reducing the thermal conductivity from the outside to the inside of the sleeve.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the sleeve has an outer contact portion for contacting an inner side of the furnace, wherein the total surface of the outer contact portion is greater than the total surface area of ​​at least one outer side of the sleeve outside the outer contact portion. The outer contact portion can be designated as a heat distribution portion or a shield.

[0049] An advantage of this embodiment may be that, due to the total surface of the contact portion, heat may be conducted away from the interior of the bushing more effectively via the contact portion.

[0050] The thermal protection sleeve may comprise at least one electrical contact member for making electrical contact with an item inside the sleeve, for example for electrically connecting the item to another item inside and / or outside the sleeve.

[0051] An advantage of this embodiment may be that items inside the sleeve, such as a temperature measuring device or a battery, may be electrically connected.

[0052] At least two thermowells are provided, wherein the two thermowells comprise at least one electrical contact, wherein the wells are adapted to be interconnected via the electrical contact.

[0053] An advantage of this embodiment may be that several bushings may be electrically interconnected in a modular manner.

[0054] At least one electrical contact may contact a thermal insulation component, such as a thermal insulation foil, in particular at an outer side facing away from its interior. The thermal insulation component may comprise a thermal conductivity of <0.1 W / mK at room temperature and may, for example, comprise calcium magnesium silicate fibers.

[0055] An advantage of this embodiment may be that heat conduction via the electrical contact part into the interior of the bushing may be reduced.

[0056] The thermal protection sleeve may comprise at least one groove extending along its inner side and / or along its outer side, the groove providing an insertion passage for at least one cable.

[0057] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the cable may be guided so that it does not affect the handling of the bushing or that it does not contact hot surfaces of a furnace in which the bushing is arranged, which could damage the cable.

[0058] The thermal protection sleeve may include a conduit that may extend through at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer and interconnect an exterior of the sleeve with an interior thereof.

[0059] An advantage of this embodiment may be that electrical or thermal conductors and eg cables for connecting a power supply or a heat sink or a thermal sensor may extend from the outside of the bushing to the inside thereof.

[0060] The groove may be in contact with the pipe.

[0061] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the cable guided by the groove may extend from the outside to the inside of the sleeve.

[0062] The thermowell may be a thermowell for accommodating a temperature measuring device or a battery sleeve, the interior of which is at least partially formed to complement the temperature measuring device or at least one battery to be placed inside the sleeve.

[0063] An advantage of this embodiment may be that the temperature measuring device or the at least one battery may be arranged inside the casing without excessive clearances.

[0064] The thermal properties can be properties of the corresponding sidewall layer. For example, the thermal properties can be thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity, which can also be referred to as heat storage capacity.

[0065] At least some of the material included in the first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer may be a polymer that, by itself or in combination with a filler material or a composite material, has a thermal stability suitable for withstanding the processing temperatures inside a furnace, such as a tempering furnace or a soldering furnace, having a processing temperature of up to 360° C., up to 300° C., up to 260° C., or up to 250° C. For example, the polymer may be designated as a high-performance plastic and may be PEEK, PAL, PI, PPS, PPSU, PFE, PEK, PEI, PTFE, or other suitable polymers.

[0066] The polymer may be filled with a filler material such as carbon fiber or glass fiber or a phase change material that is suitable for use with the polymer or other materials of the sleeve and at the temperature the sleeve is to be used. For example, the phase change material may be a low melting point metal or paraffin wax.

[0067] The filling rate of the polymer may be between 0% and 99%, such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% or more, or 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% or 50% or less.

[0068] The porosity of the polymer may be between 3% and 100% of the polymer density, such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% or more, or 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% or 50% or less.

[0069] The sleeve may include a clamping mechanism for pressing the outer contact portion against the heat sink.

[0070] An advantage of this embodiment may be that a good mechanical contact between the outer contact portion against the heat sink and the heat sink is ensured, which improves the thermal connection between the outer contact portion against the heat sink and the heat sink.

[0071] At least the first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer can be formed by additive manufacturing (e.g., 3D printing). In particular, the 3D-printed first sidewall layer and / or the second sidewall layer can be printed with filler materials or composite materials having different thermal properties and, for example, different densities and / or amounts. The filler material can be added during the printing process.

[0072] The sleeve may be printed around the battery and optionally also around at least one electrical contact so that the battery is completely enclosed by the sleeve, which may therefore be devoid of any closure or latching mechanism to secure a lid or the like in a closed position.

[0073] A low density or fill factor may result in a low thermal conductivity, wherein a high heat capacity may be advantageously maintained.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the side surface may include more sidewall layers than the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer, for example, in addition to the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer, there is at least one other sidewall layer, whose thermal properties may be different from the thermal properties of at least one of the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer, in particular as described above with respect to the first sidewall layer and the second sidewall layer. Selected or all sidewall layers may have thermal properties that are different from the thermal properties of at least one of the other sidewall layers. In particular, the wall layers may have different filling ratios from each other. For example, the first sidewall layer may have a filling ratio of <25%. The second sidewall layer may have a filling ratio of >=25%. The third sidewall layer may have a filling ratio of <25%.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the sidewall layers may be ordered such that a sidewall layer having a relatively higher fill rate follows a sidewall layer having a relatively higher fill rate, and vice versa. Similarly, more than two sidewall layers may be stacked such that a sidewall layer having a relatively higher fill rate follows a sidewall layer having a relatively higher fill rate, and vice versa.

[0076] The wall layers can be 3D printed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] The invention is described in more detail below using advantageous embodiments by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only possible configurations; however, the individual features described can be provided independently of one another or can be omitted from the drawings:

[0078] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a cannula,

[0079] Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a sleeve,

[0080] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a cannula,

[0081] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a cannula,

[0082] Figure 5 shows details of a third embodiment of the bushing,

[0083] Figure 6 showing a detail of the bushing of any of the above figures,

[0084] Figure 7 Another embodiment of a schematic cross-sectional view of a side view of a casing is shown,

[0085] Figure 8 A further embodiment is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view of the side of a bushing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] Figure 1 A first exemplary embodiment of a thermal protection sleeve 1 according to the present invention is shown. The sleeve 1 comprises a side surface 2 having at least a first sidewall layer 3 and a second sidewall layer 4. The first sidewall layer 3 and the second sidewall layer 4 extend along the side surface 2, for example, along the X-direction and / or the Y-direction of the side surface 2. The Z-direction of the side surface 2 extends perpendicularly to the side surface 2, in particular toward the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. The thermal properties (e.g., thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity) of the first sidewall layer 3 differ from the thermal properties (e.g., thermal conductivity and / or heat capacity) of the second sidewall layer 4.

[0087] For example, the first sidewall layer 3 may be formed at a first density, and the second sidewall layer 4 may be formed at a second density. In order to provide a difference in thermal properties, the first density may be different from the second density.

[0088] In order to change the thermal characteristics along any one of the X, Y, and Z directions, the density of the first side wall layer 3 and / or the second side wall layer 4 may be changed or varied along the corresponding directions X, Y, and Z.

[0089] The first sidewall layer 3 and / or the second sidewall layer 4 can be formed with a base material (e.g., a polymer) and a filler material (e.g., a composite material) in the base material. Changes or differences in the filling ratio of the filler material in the base material can cause changes or differences in thermal properties. The filling ratio can correspond to the ratio of the base material to the filler material, or vice versa.

[0090] The first sidewall layer 3 may be formed of a first base material, and the second sidewall layer may be formed of a second base material, wherein the first base material and the second base material may be the same material or different materials.

[0091] The first sidewall layer 3 may be formed of a first filling material, and the second sidewall layer 4 may be formed of a second filling material, wherein the first filling material and the second filling material may be the same material or different materials.

[0092] The first sidewall layer 3 may be formed at a first filling ratio, and the second sidewall layer 4 may be formed at a second filling ratio, wherein the first filling ratio and the second filling ratio may be the same filling ratio or may be different filling ratios.

[0093] The first side wall layer 3 can be formed with a first filling rate and / or density gradient, and the second side wall layer 4 can be formed with a second filling rate and / or density gradient, wherein the first filling rate and / or density gradient and the second filling rate and / or density gradient can be the same or different in size and / or direction.

[0094] The first sidewall layer 3 and / or the second sidewall layer 4 may be formed in a structural orientation. The structural orientation of the first sidewall layer 3 and the structural orientation of the second sidewall layer 4 may be the same or different.

[0095] In particular, the first filling material may include at least a first composite material, and / or the second filling material may include at least a second composite material. The type and / or structural orientation of the first composite material may be the same as or different from the type and / or structural orientation of the second composite material.

[0096] The first sidewall layer 3 and / or the second sidewall layer 4 may be formed in a predefined direction with a predefined maximum thermal conductivity. In particular, the predefined direction may be a direction extending substantially perpendicular to the Z direction of the side surface 2 .

[0097] The first sidewall layer 3 may have a first predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a first predefined direction, and the second sidewall layer 4 may have a second predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a second predefined direction. The absolute value of the first predefined maximum thermal conductivity may be different from the absolute value of the second predefined maximum thermal conductivity. Alternatively or additionally, the first predefined direction may be different from the second predefined direction.

[0098] For example, the second thermal conductivity of the second sidewall layer 4 may be lower than the first thermal conductivity of the first sidewall layer 3 , in particular when the second sidewall layer 4 is disposed between the first sidewall layer 3 and the interior 5 of the sleeve 1 in the Z direction.

[0099] The first sidewall layer 3 may have a first predefined heat capacity, and the second sidewall layer 4 may have a second predefined heat capacity. The absolute value of the first predefined heat capacity may be different from the absolute value of the second predefined heat capacity. In particular, the second heat capacity of the second sidewall layer 4 may be higher than the first heat capacity of the first sidewall layer 3.

[0100] The first sidewall layer 3 may be arranged at a distance D from the second sidewall layer 4 , in particular along the Z direction. Therefore, a gap 6 may exist between the first sidewall layer 3 and the second sidewall layer 4 .

[0101] The first sidewall layer 3 can be part of the outer container 7, and the second sidewall layer 4 can be part of the inner container 8. The inner container 8 and / or the outer container 7 can include additional side surfaces, wherein each side surface includes an X, Y, and Z direction, with the Z direction always pointing toward the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. Selected or all side surfaces can include at least a first sidewall layer and a second sidewall layer, wherein the first sidewall layers can be identical to each other and the second sidewall layers can be identical to each other. The first sidewall layer can be a continuous layer. The second sidewall layer can be a continuous layer.

[0102] The outer shape of the inner container 8 can be formed, at least in cross section, to complement the inner receiving volume of the outer container 7 .

[0103] In particular, Figure 1 In the illustrated state of the inner container 8 placed in its inserted position, wherein the inner container 8 is at least partially, in particular completely, arranged in the receiving volume, a gap 6 may exist between lateral sides of the outer container 7 and the inner container 8, which lateral sides are opposite each other.

[0104] The sleeve 1 may have an outer contact portion 9 for contacting a heat sink (e.g., on the inner side of a furnace). The total surface area of ​​the outer contact portion 9 may be greater than the total surface area of ​​at least one outer side of the sleeve 1 outside the outer contact portion 9. The outer contact portion 9 may be formed by the first sidewall layer 3, or may be provided separately from the first sidewall layer 3 and adhered to the sidewall layer 3. In the case where the outer contact portion 9 is provided separately, the outer contact portion 9 may be formed of a material having high thermal conductivity (e.g., metal).

[0105] The sleeve 1 may include a conduit 10 extending through one of the sides of the sleeve 1, for example through side 11, which shares a corner of the sleeve 1 with side 2. The conduit 10 may extend from the interior 5 of the sleeve 1 to the exterior 12 of the sleeve 1. In particular, the conduit 10 may extend parallel to the Z direction of the side 11.

[0106] The expanded portion E1 of the side 11 schematically illustrates the structural orientation of the first sidewall layer 3 along the X direction and / or the Y direction of the side 11. The structural orientation of each side of the sleeve 1 may be similar along the corresponding directions of each side.

[0107] The sleeve 1 and in particular the outer container 7 and the inner container 8 may comprise an opening 13 for inserting items into the interior 5. For example, the sleeve 1 and in particular the outer container 7 and the inner container 8 may comprise a U-shaped cross section forming the opening 13.

[0108] In the assembled state of the sleeve 1 , the sleeve 1 may comprise at least one closing member closing the opening 13. The closing member may at least partially form the side 11 and may comprise the duct 10.

[0109] In particular, the sleeve may include a first closing member 14 and a second closing member 15 , wherein the first closing member 14 closes the opening 13 of the second side wall layer 4 and the second closing member 15 closes the opening 13 of the first side wall layer 3 .

[0110] The first closing member 14 may be formed as a plug at least in cross section, which is inserted into at least the opening 13 and may abut the interior 5. The first closing member 14 may include a stop protrusion 16 that abuts against the front surface of the leg of the U-shaped portion of the second side wall layer 4, the stop protrusion 16 preventing the first closing member 14 from being inserted too deeply into the interior 5 of the sleeve 1.

[0111] The second closure member 15 can be formed as a cap that can be placed on the first closure member 14. The outer side of the second closure member 15 can be aligned with the outer side of the first side wall layer 3, the outer side of the second closure member 15 facing away from the interior 5, in particular with respect to the corresponding Z direction, and the outer side of the first side wall layer 3 facing away from the interior 5, in particular with respect to the corresponding Z direction.

[0112] The front surface of the second sidewall layer 4 (in particular of the inner container 8) can protrude beyond the front surface of the first sidewall layer 3 (in particular of the outer container 7) in the Z direction of the side surface 11. The second closing member 15 can be in close contact with the front surface of the first sidewall layer 3 (in particular of the outer container 7) and can be placed above the front surface of the second sidewall layer 4 (in particular of the inner container 8). The second closing member 15 can be placed above the first closing member 14.

[0113] A gap 6 may exist between the closing members 14, 15. The gap 6 may be interrupted by at least one fixing portion 17 of the sleeve 1, wherein the fixing portion 17 provides a secure fixation between the closing members 14, 15. For example, the fixing portion 17 comprises a protrusion and optionally a recess in order to fix the closing members 14, 15 to each other in a form-fitting or press-fitting manner.

[0114] The first closing member 14 may include a material combination and / or structure corresponding to or different from the second sidewall layer 4. For example, the first closing member 14 may be formed of a polymer such as PEEK and / or may include a density gradient in any one of the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0115] The second closure member 15 may comprise a material combination and / or structure corresponding to or different from the first side wall layer 3. For example, the second closure member 15 may have a structural orientation extending perpendicular to the Z direction, for example caused by a preferred direction of carbon fibers in the material of the second closure member 15.

[0116] Figure 2 Another exemplary embodiment of the sleeve 1 is shown in cross-section. For components that correspond in form and / or function to components of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are used. For the sake of brevity, only the differences between the embodiments will be discussed.

[0117] Figure 2The sleeve 1 of the exemplary embodiment is formed with a gap 6, wherein the sleeve 1 includes a spacer 18 that provides a distance D that forms the gap 6. The spacer 18 can be disposed on a side of the second sidewall layer 4 or the inner container 8 that faces away from the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. Alternatively, the spacer 18 can be disposed on a side of the first sidewall layer 3 or the outer container 7 that faces the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. The sleeve 1 can include more than one spacer 18, wherein the spacer 18 can be disposed on a side facing away from the interior 5 of the sleeve 1 or on a side facing toward the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. In particular, the sleeve 1 can include at least two spacer members 18 disposed on opposing sides, with the interior 5 of the sleeve 1 disposed between the opposing sides. At least one spacer member 18 can protrude into the gap 6.

[0118] E2 designates an enlarged portion of the first sidewall layer 3, wherein the enlarged portion E2 schematically illustrates the structural orientation of the first sidewall layer 3. The structural orientation may extend substantially along the Y direction and / or the X direction and may correspond to the conventional alignment of the carbon fibers arranged inside the second sidewall layer 4.

[0119] An item 19 is disposed in the interior 5 of the sleeve 1. The item 19 may be a temperature measuring device or any other component to be protected from high temperatures outside the sleeve 1, such as a PCB, battery, or other electronic component. The sleeve 1 may include a retaining structure 20 for retaining the item 19.

[0120] Figures 3 to 5 Another exemplary embodiment of the sleeve 1 is shown in perspective and cross-sectional views. For components corresponding in form and / or function to those of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are used. For the sake of brevity, only the differences between the embodiments are discussed.

[0121] Figures 3 to 5 The thermal protection sleeve 1 of the exemplary embodiment may be a sleeve for receiving at least one battery, which may be a cylindrical battery. Therefore, the article 19 may be a battery.

[0122] The sleeve 1 may be formed with opposing side surfaces 21, 22, hereinafter designated as contact sides. The contact sides 21, 22 are adapted to receive contact components for electrically contacting the battery. Contact holders 23, 24 are provided at the contact sides 21, 22, into which the contact components can be inserted and retained, respectively. The contact components may be, at least in part, contact plates 25. A thermal insulation component 26 (e.g., a thermal insulation foil) may be placed in the respective contact holders 23, 24 between the contact plates 25 and the first sidewall layer 3.

[0123] The gap 6 can at least partially continue the contact holders 23 , 24 .

[0124] E3 designates an enlarged portion of the first sidewall layer 3, wherein the enlarged portion E3 schematically illustrates the structural orientation of the first sidewall layer 3. The structural orientation may extend substantially along the Y and / or X directions and may correspond to a conventional alignment of carbon fibers disposed within the second sidewall layer 4.

[0125] Figure 6 Possible details of the bushing 1 of the previous embodiment are shown. For components which correspond in form and / or function to components of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are used.

[0126] The thermal protection sleeve 1 may comprise at least one groove 27 extending along its inner side and / or along its outer side. The groove may provide an insertion channel for at least one cable.

[0127] The groove 27 can contact the pipe 10. Figure 6 In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 , however, the groove 27 contacts the contact holder 23 , so that a portion of the contact plate 25 can be disposed in the groove 27 .

[0128] Figure 7 Another exemplary embodiment of a cannula 1 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view. For components corresponding in form and / or function to those of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are used. For the sake of brevity, only the differences between the embodiments are discussed.

[0129] Figure 7 The exemplary embodiment of the present invention shows a sleeve 1 having three sidewall layers 3, 4, and 28, which are stacked in the Z direction, i.e., arranged one behind the other. For example, the sidewall layer with the reference numeral 28 can be designated as the third sidewall layer. The second sidewall layer 4 can be arranged between the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28.

[0130] The thermal properties of at least one of the sidewall layers 3, 4, and 28 may be different from the thermal properties of at least one of the sidewall layers 3, 4, and 28. Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the thermal properties of the second sidewall layer 4 are different from the thermal properties of the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28. The thermal properties of the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28 may be different from each other. Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the thermal properties of the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28 are similar or even identical.

[0131] At least selected or all layers 3 and 4 and optionally also 28 may comprise a framework having an insert forming compartments. Depending on their size, the compartments may be designated as holes or cavities. The inserts may be formed from a matrix material.

[0132] The cell size of at least one of the sidewall layers 3, 4 and 28 may be different from the cell size of at least one of the sidewall layers 3, 4 and 28. Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cell size of the second sidewall layer 4 is different from the cell size of the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28. The cell size of the first sidewall layer 3 and the third sidewall layer 28 may be different from each other. However, in Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cells of the first side wall layer 3 and the third side wall layer 28 have similar or even identical dimensions.

[0133] Due to the differences in cell size, the density of each sidewall layer may be different.

[0134] exist Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for example, only 5% of the total volume of the first sidewall layer 3 is filled with the matrix material, resulting in a filling rate of 5%. Similarly, in the third sidewall layer 28, for example, only 5% of the total volume of the third sidewall layer 28 is filled with the matrix material, resulting in a filling rate of 5%. The second sidewall layer 4 has a filling rate of 50% because, for example, 50% of the volume of the second sidewall layer 4 is filled with the matrix material.

[0135] The thermal conductivity of the first sidewall layer 3 and / or the third sidewall layer 28 may be lower than that of the second sidewall layer 4 . However, the heat or heat capacity of the second sidewall layer 4 may be higher than that of the first sidewall layer 3 and / or the third sidewall layer 28 .

[0136] Heat or thermal energy T acting on the side 2 on the exterior 12 of the sleeve 1 (e.g., heat from a furnace at 250°C) is slowly conducted along the Z direction by the first sidewall layer 3. Heat or thermal energy reaching the second sidewall layer 4 can be stored in the second sidewall layer 4, thereby slowly increasing the temperature of the second sidewall layer 4. The third sidewall layer 28 prevents the heat or thermal energy emitted by the second sidewall layer 4 from entering the interior 5 of the sleeve 1.

[0137] Figure 8 Another exemplary embodiment of a cannula 1 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view. For components corresponding in form and / or function to those of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals are used. For the sake of brevity, only the differences between the embodiments are discussed.

[0138] Figure 8 Side 2 shown in Figure 7 The side 2 depicted in is different because Figure 8 The side surface 2 comprises a further side wall layer 29. The further side wall layer 29 can be arranged somewhere in the layer stack forming the side surface 2, the layer stack also comprising the first side wall layer 3, the second side wall layer 4 and the third side wall layer 28. Figure 8In an exemplary embodiment, another side wall layer 29 is arranged between the first side wall layer 3 and the second side wall layer 4, so that the order of the side wall layers along the Z direction and from the outer part 12 to the inner part 5 can be the first side wall layer, the other side wall layer, the second side wall layer, and the third side wall layer.

[0139] The thermal properties of at least one of the sidewall layers 3, 4 and 28 may be different from or the same as the thermal properties of the other sidewall layer 29. Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the thermal properties of the further sidewall layer 28 are different from the thermal properties of the first sidewall layer 3 , the second sidewall layer 4 , and the third sidewall layer 28 .

[0140] In addition, the other side wall layer 29 may comprise a frame structure with inserts forming compartments. Depending on their size, the compartments may be designated as holes or cavities. The inserts may be formed from a matrix material.

[0141] The cell size of at least one of the side wall layers 3, 4 and 28 may be different from or the same as the cell size of the other side wall layer 29. Figure 7 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cell size of the further sidewall layer 28 is different from the cell sizes of the first sidewall layer 3 , the second sidewall layer 4 and the third sidewall layer 28 .

[0142] Due to the differences in cell size, the density of each sidewall layer may be different.

[0143] exist Figure 8 In the other side wall layer 29 of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 , for example, only 25% of the total volume of the other side wall layer 29 is filled with the matrix material, so that the filling rate is 25%.

[0144] The heat or heat capacity of the other sidewall layer 29 may be higher than the heat or heat capacity of the first sidewall layer 3 and / or the second sidewall layer 4. The heat or heat capacity of the other sidewall layer 29 may be lower than the heat or heat capacity of the third sidewall layer 28.

[0145] The thermal conductivity of the other sidewall layer 29 may be lower than the thermal conductivity of the first sidewall layer 3 and / or the second sidewall layer 4. The thermal conductivity of the other sidewall layer 29 may be higher than the thermal conductivity of the third sidewall layer 28.

[0146] Heat T acting on the side 2 on the exterior 12 of the sleeve 1 (e.g., heat in a furnace at, for example, 250° C.) will be slowly conducted along the Z direction by the first side wall layer 3. The heat or thermal energy reaching the other side wall layer 29 can be stored in the other side wall layer 29, so that the temperature of the other side wall layer 28 slowly rises.

[0147] The heat or thermal energy reaching the second sidewall layer 4 can be stored in the second sidewall layer 4, so that the temperature of the second sidewall layer 4 rises more slowly than that of the other sidewall layer 28. The third sidewall layer 28 blocks the heat or thermal energy emitted by the second sidewall layer 4 from entering the interior 5 of the sleeve 1.

[0148] Reference numerals

[0149] 1 Thermal protection sleeve

[0150] 2 Side

[0151] 3. First sidewall layer

[0152] 4 Second sidewall layer

[0153] 5Inside of casing 1

[0154] 6 gaps

[0155] 7 Outer container

[0156] 8 containers

[0157] 9 External contact part

[0158] 10 pipelines

[0159] 11 Side

[0160] 12 External part of casing 1

[0161] 13 Opening

[0162] 14 first closing member

[0163] 15 Second closing member

[0164] 16 stop protrusion

[0165] 17 Fixed part

[0166] 18 spacer components

[0167] 19 Items in the casing

[0168] 20 Holding structure of item 19

[0169] 21, 22 contact side

[0170] 23, 24 contact retaining parts

[0171] 25 contact plate

[0172] 26 thermal insulation components

[0173] 27 grooves

[0174] 28 third side wall layer

[0175] 29 The other side wall layer

[0176] E1, 2, 3 expansion

[0177] D distance

[0178] Theat

[0179] X, Y, Z directions

Claims

1. A thermal protection sleeve comprising a side surface (2), the side surface (2) having a first side wall layer (3) and a second side wall layer (4) extending at least along the side surface (2), wherein the thermal properties of the first side wall layer (3) are different from the thermal properties of the second side wall layer (4); At least one of the first sidewall layer (3) and the second sidewall layer (4) is formed with a density that varies along a predetermined direction, and the number or size of the holes or cavities varies along the predetermined direction, thereby causing the density to vary.

2. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sidewall layer (3) is formed at a first density, and the second sidewall layer (4) is formed at a second density, wherein the first density is different from the second density.

3. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first sidewall layer (3) is formed at a first filling rate, and the second sidewall layer (4) is formed at a second filling rate, wherein the first filling rate is different from the second filling rate, and the first filling rate and the second filling rate are respectively the extent to which the filling material fills the holes or cavities of the corresponding sidewall layers.

4. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least one of the first side wall layer (3) and the second side wall layer (4) is formed using a base material and a filling material in the base material.

5. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The matrix material is a polymer and the filling material is a composite material.

6. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first side wall layer (3) is formed by a first base material and a first filling material in the first base material, and the second side wall layer (4) is formed by a second base material and a second filling material in the second base material, wherein the type and / or relative filling rate of the first filling material is different from the type and / or relative filling rate of the second filling material, and the relative filling rate is the relative space volume filled with or not filled with the corresponding filling material inside the corresponding side wall layer.

7. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one or each of the first sidewall layer (3) and the second sidewall layer (4) is formed by additive manufacturing.

8. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 6, characterized in that The first matrix material includes at least a first polymer and the second matrix material includes at least a second polymer, wherein the first polymer is of the same type or a different type than the second polymer.

9. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least one of the first sidewall layer (3) and the second sidewall layer (4) is formed with a structural orientation caused by a preferred direction of realizing a component in the corresponding sidewall layer; due to the structural orientation, mechanical properties and / or thermal properties can be adjusted as required.

10. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first sidewall layer (3) has a first structural orientation and the second sidewall layer (4) has a second structural orientation, wherein the first structural orientation is different from the second structural orientation, and the structural orientation is caused by a preferred direction of realizing the component in the corresponding sidewall layer; due to the structural orientation, the mechanical properties and / or thermal properties can be adjusted as required.

11. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first filling material includes at least a first composite material, and the second filling material includes at least a second composite material, wherein the type or structural orientation of the first composite material is the same as or different from the type or structural orientation of the second composite material, and the structural orientation is caused by the preferred direction of the component in the corresponding sidewall layer; due to the structural orientation, the mechanical properties and / or thermal properties can be adjusted as needed.

12. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least one of the first sidewall layer (3) and the second sidewall layer (4) comprises a predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a predefined direction.

13. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermal property is thermal conductivity, wherein the first sidewall layer has a first predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a first predefined direction and the second sidewall layer has a second predefined maximum thermal conductivity in a second predefined direction, wherein an absolute value of the first predefined maximum thermal conductivity is different from an absolute value of the second predefined maximum thermal conductivity, and / or wherein the first predefined direction is different from the second predefined direction.

14. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first side wall layer (3) and the second side wall layer (4) are arranged at a distance (D) from each other.

15. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermal protection sleeve (1) comprises an outer container (7) and an inner container (8), wherein the outer shape of the inner container (8) is complementary to the inner receiving volume of the outer container (7) in at least cross-section.

16. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 15, characterized in that In a state in which the inner container (8) is placed in its inserted position, wherein the inner container (8) is at least partially arranged in the receiving volume, a gap (6) is present between the inner container (8) and the outer container (7).

17. The thermal protection sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermal protection sleeve (1) has an outer contact portion (9) for contacting a heat sink, wherein the total surface area of ​​the outer contact portion (9) is greater than the surface area of ​​at least one outer side surface of the thermal protection sleeve (1), and at least one outer side surface of the sleeve (1) is outside the outer contact portion (9).

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