Tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle, which is characterized by: the vehicle body includes a vehicle box, the vehicle box is divided into two front and rear chambers by a partition, and a tea storage box is inserted in the lower part of the vehicle box corresponding to the front chamber; the adjustment mechanism is installed on the front side wall of the vehicle box, including a horizontal motion slide, a slide left and right moving driving mechanism and a slide up and down moving driving mechanism; the picking support platform is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion slide; the picking mechanism is suspended and installed on the picking support platform; the picking mechanism adopts a circularly running picking inner and outer net matching structure; a collecting box is provided inside the picking inner and outer nets, and a discharging through hole is provided at one end of the collecting box close to the vehicle body; the tea grading mechanism is arranged in the front chamber of the vehicle box, and the driving transmission mechanism is arranged in the rear chamber of the vehicle box; the collecting and conveying mechanism is installed on the front end of the vehicle roof, and the collecting and conveying mechanism evenly conveys the tea buds in the collecting box to the front end of the tea grading mechanism. The present invention integrates tea picking, collecting and grading, simplifies the work process and improves the picking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Tea is a common drink. It contains tea polyphenols and other substances that are beneficial to the human body and have a good health-care effect. Tea can be divided into tree type, small tree type, and shrub type according to the tree type; it can be divided into large leaf type, medium leaf type, and small leaf type according to the size of the leaves; according to the different picking precision, tea can be divided into single bud, one bud and one leaf, and one bud and two leaves. Different grades of tea have different freshness and tenderness, and there are differences in taste, which leads to different market values. The existing tea picking methods are:

[0003] (1) Manual picking: Experienced pickers can accurately identify different grades of tea and pick them, but the efficiency is low and the labor cost is high.

[0004] (2) Hand-held mechanical cutting-type picking: Using a knife to cut, although the picking efficiency is high, the integrity of the tea leaves cannot be guaranteed; the cut tea leaves tend to have a rusty smell, and the roots turn dark brown after being left for a long time; and the young buds and old leaves are mixed together, increasing the difficulty of later classification. For example, Publication No.: CN112314172A (A medium-sized reciprocating cutting-type tea picking machine).

[0005] (3) Point-picking: Using visual recognition, image processing and other technologies, the young buds and old leaves are accurately identified, eliminating the need for later grading. However, the leaves need to be picked one by one, which results in high equipment costs and slow picking speed. For example, the publication number is CN112273046A (a tea picking robot).

[0006] (4) A guide rail is set up according to the terrain of the tea garden, and the picking vehicle moves along the guide rail to pick the tea. This picking method is simple to operate, but the cost is high and the process is more complicated. For example, the publication number is: CN212520049U (A guide rail type high-quality tea picking machine based on Delta parallel mechanism).

[0007] (5) Personnel driving large equipment for picking: The picking vehicle is located directly above the tea tree, and personnel drive the vehicle to pick the tea. However, there are disadvantages such as high cost and poor portability. For example, Publication No.: CN107615992A (A highly automated tea picking device).

[0008] In addition, most picking equipment only has the functions of picking and collecting, and after picking, they need to be graded and screened separately, making the processing steps lengthy. At present, mechanization, high efficiency, integration and large-scale are the development trends of tea picking. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle suitable for tea gardens with relatively flat terrain and shrub-type small-leaf tea trees. The picking height and picking position can be adaptively adjusted. The vehicle integrates tea picking, collection and grading, and can realize picking and grading at the same time, which can simplify the work process and improve picking efficiency.

[0010] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0011] A tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle, characterized by comprising a vehicle body, a collecting and conveying mechanism, a picking support platform, a picking mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a tea grading mechanism, and a driving transmission mechanism;

[0012] The vehicle body adopts a movable and steerable vehicle body structure, and the vehicle body includes a vehicle box, which is divided into two front and rear chambers by a partition, and tea storage boxes are inserted at the positions of the left and right sides of the lower part of the vehicle box corresponding to the front chamber;

[0013] The adjustment mechanism is installed on the front side wall of the vehicle box, including a horizontal motion slide located at the front, a slide left and right movement drive mechanism and a slide up and down movement drive mechanism, and the two sets of drive mechanisms both adopt a screw nut mechanism;

[0014] The picking support platform is fixedly connected to the horizontal movable slide;

[0015] The picking mechanism is suspended and installed on the picking support platform; the picking mechanism adopts a circularly running picking inner and outer net matching structure driven by crawlers; when the picking inner and outer nets run to the upper middle front position and the lower middle front position, the mesh holes on the picking inner and outer nets are aligned, and when the picking inner and outer nets run to the lower middle rear position and the upper middle rear position, the picking inner net moves along the left and right directions to a position that is misaligned with the mesh holes on the picking outer net, so as to pinch and lift the tea buds; a collecting box for receiving tea buds is arranged inside the picking inner and outer nets, and a discharging through hole is arranged at one end of the collecting box close to the vehicle body;

[0016] The tea grading mechanism is installed in the front chamber of the carriage, and the driving transmission mechanism is installed in the rear chamber of the carriage. The driving transmission mechanism is used to transmit the forward motion of the vehicle body to the tea grading mechanism;

[0017] The collecting and conveying mechanism is installed on the roof near the front end, and the collecting and conveying mechanism evenly conveys the tea buds in the collecting box to the front end of the tea grading mechanism through the negative pressure pipeline and the spiral conveying mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore: universal wheels are installed on both sides of the front end of the bottom of the vehicle box and driving wheels are installed on both sides of the rear end, and ventilation holes are densely arranged at the front upper corners on the left side wall or the right side wall of the vehicle box.

[0019] Further: the picking mechanism includes a picking drive motor, a picking drive shaft, a picking driven shaft, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a crawler, a picking inner net, a picking outer net, a left transverse baffle, a right transverse baffle, and a collecting box; the picking driven shaft and the picking drive shaft are arranged in parallel front and back, and both are supported on the picking bracket platform by bearings installed at both ends, the driving wheel is installed on the picking drive shaft, the driven wheel is installed on the picking driven shaft, and the crawler is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the picking outer net is formed by connecting multiple outer net sheets to form a closed outer net structure, and square mesh holes are evenly distributed on the picking outer net, and positioning columns are arranged at both ends of the net frame of each outer net sheet, and the picking outer net is fixedly installed between the crawlers on the left and right sides through the positioning columns;

[0020] Linear guide grooves are arranged on both sides of the mesh frame of each outer mesh sheet, and each outer mesh sheet corresponds to an inner mesh sheet. The inner mesh sheet is provided with square mesh holes, and the two sides of the mesh frame of the inner mesh sheet are inserted into the linear guide grooves on both sides of the corresponding outer mesh sheet, and the two form a sliding fit along the left and right directions. A raised column is arranged at one end of the mesh frame of the inner mesh sheet, and a semi-circular inner flange is arranged at the inner rear half of the transverse baffle on the side close to the raised column, and the upper and lower ends of the inner flange are provided with introduction inclined surfaces; the inner raised column contacts and cooperates with the inner flange to realize the relative movement of the inner and outer picking nets along the left and right directions; a reset spring is installed between the end of each inner mesh sheet relative to the raised column and the retaining spring part arranged at the end of the corresponding outer mesh sheet;

[0021] The left side transverse baffle and the right side transverse baffle are respectively supported on the left end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft and the right end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft through front and rear bearings, and are respectively arranged on the inner side of the left main and driven wheels and the inner side of the right main and driven wheels; a positioning hole is respectively arranged at the middle position of the left side transverse baffle and the right side transverse baffle; and protruding positioning plugs are arranged on the left and right sides of the collection box, and the positioning plugs on both sides are respectively inserted into the positioning holes on the transverse baffles on both sides to fix the collection box between the transverse baffles on both sides.

[0022] Furthermore, the collection box is a tapered box that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the bottom of the tapered box is arranged to be inclined downward from the direction away from the vehicle body to the direction close to the vehicle body.

[0023] Further: the tea grading mechanism comprises an air duct, a fan, a screen drum, and a screen drum rotating shaft; the air duct is installed at the front end of the front chamber of the vehicle body in the left-right direction, one end of the air duct is aligned with the fan fixed on the side wall of the vehicle box, and the other end of the air duct is aligned with the ventilation hole on the vehicle box; a feed port is arranged at the top of the air duct; a feed discharge inclined pipe for conveying tea materials to the front end of the screen drum is connected to the rear side of the air duct;

[0024] The screen drum is supported in the front chamber of the vehicle box along the front-to-back direction by the screen drum rotating shaft. The screen drum as a whole is a conical screen drum which is small in the front and large in the back. The cylinder wall of the screen drum is provided with a primary screen hole section, a secondary screen hole section and a tertiary screen hole section from front to back. The aperture of the screen hole increases successively from the primary screen hole section to the tertiary screen hole section.

[0025] Furthermore: two partitions are arranged in the tea storage box, dividing the tea storage box into three storage chambers, which correspond to the three-level screening positions of the screen cylinder respectively.

[0026] Furthermore: the driving transmission mechanism includes an input shaft, a gear 1, a gear 2, a transmission shaft 1, a gear 3, a gear 4, a transmission shaft 2, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, and an output shaft;

[0027] The input shaft is coaxially connected with the two driving wheels on the vehicle body, the transmission shaft 2, the transmission shaft 1 and the input shaft are arranged in parallel in sequence, and the bearing seats at both ends of the transmission shaft 1 and the transmission shaft 2 are supported on the side crossbeam arranged in the rear chamber of the vehicle box; the gear 1 is installed on the input shaft, the gear 2 and the gear 3 are installed on the transmission shaft 1, and the gear 4 and the bevel gear 1 are installed on the transmission shaft 2; the bevel gear 2 is installed on the output shaft, and the output shaft is coaxially driven and connected with the rotating shaft of the screen drum; the gear 1 and the gear 2, the gear 3 and the gear 4, the bevel gear 1 and the bevel gear 2 are meshed respectively.

[0028] Further: the collecting and conveying mechanism includes a collecting hose, a material discharge barrel, a vacuum device, a material discharge drive motor, a spiral conveying pipe, a spiral conveying shaft, a conveying drive motor, a sliding track, a sliding baffle, a pressure sensor, a rack, a gear, and a controller;

[0029] The material discharge barrel is connected with the spiral conveying pipe in the upper and lower parts, and the material discharge barrel is divided into two upper and lower chambers, and an intermediate material discharge port is formed between the two chambers. A sliding baffle is arranged below the intermediate material discharge port, and the sliding baffle is installed on the sliding track in a horizontal direction, and the sliding track is fixed on the material discharge barrel. The sliding baffle is integrally arranged with the rack or fixedly connected, and the rack is meshed with the gear, and the gear is connected with the material discharge drive motor. A pressure sensor is installed below the sliding baffle for detecting the weight of the material discharge, and the controller is used to control the operation of the material discharge drive motor according to the pressure sensor signal;

[0030] The screw conveying shaft is arranged in the screw conveying pipe, and one end of the screw conveying shaft away from the lower discharge port on the screw conveying pipe is connected to the conveying drive motor;

[0031] The vacuum device is communicated with the upper chamber of the lower barrel through a pipeline, one end of the collecting hose is communicated with the upper chamber of the lower barrel, and the other end is communicated with the discharge through hole of the collecting box.

[0032] The present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention can pick, grade and collect tea leaves of different heights within a certain space range through the cooperation of five major mechanisms including collecting and conveying mechanism, picking mechanism, adjusting mechanism, grading mechanism and driving transmission mechanism as well as various components, thus achieving the integrated goal of simultaneous picking and grading operations and making up for the defects of current market products.

[0034] 2. The present invention has a simple structure, and adding wheels facilitates the forward movement of the picking mechanism, and the rotation of the wheels can drive the screening barrel to perform screening work, thus saving power sources.

[0035] 3. The present invention utilizes the mutual cooperation between two layers of flexible nets to achieve picking. Before picking, the size difference between the mesh and the old leaves is utilized to exclude the old leaves from the picking mechanism, thereby improving the picking accuracy. Moreover, the picking method simulates manual pinching and lifting, which causes little damage to the tea leaves and preserves the texture of the tea leaves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collecting and conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the grading mechanism and the driving transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the tea picking mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mesh alignment of the inner picking net and the outer picking net of the present invention before picking;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mesh misalignment of the inner picking net and the outer picking net during the picking process of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the tea picking mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving transmission mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be noted that the present examples are descriptive rather than restrictive.

[0047] A tea picking and grading collection vehicle, see Figure 1-10 The invention point is: it mainly includes a vehicle body 1, a collecting and conveying mechanism 2, a picking support platform 3, a picking mechanism 4, an adjustment mechanism 5, a tea grading mechanism 6, and a driving transmission mechanism 7. The specific structure and connection relationship of each part are as follows:

[0048] 1. Car body

[0049] The car body is the body of the collection car, which is used to install other parts together to form a matching connection. Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle body is composed of universal wheels 1.1, driving wheels 1.2, a vehicle box 1.3, and a tea storage box 1.4. Universal wheels are installed on both sides of the front end of the bottom of the vehicle box and driving wheels are installed on both sides of the rear end, so that the collection vehicle can move and turn. The box body is divided into two front and rear chambers by a partition. The front chamber is used to set the tea grading mechanism, and the rear chamber is used to set the driving transmission mechanism. A collection box slot is provided at the bottom of the vehicle box corresponding to the front chamber. Two pull-out left and right tea storage boxes are symmetrically inserted into the collection box slot (only the tea storage box on the left side of the vehicle body is marked in the attached figure), and ventilation holes 1.3.1 are densely arranged at the front upper corners on the left or right wall of the vehicle box.

[0050] 2. Collection and conveying mechanism

[0051] The collecting and conveying mechanism is used to convey the tea leaves picked by the picking mechanism to the front end of the tea grading mechanism through negative pressure adsorption.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the collecting and conveying mechanism includes a conveying drive motor 2.1, a vacuum device 2.2, a material discharge barrel 2.3, a collecting hose 2.4, a spiral conveying shaft 2.5, a spiral conveying tube 2.6, a pressure sensor 2.7, a sliding track 2.8, a material discharge drive motor 2.9, a controller 2.10, a gear 2.11, a rack 2.12, and a sliding baffle 2.13. When the vacuum device 2.2 is working, negative pressure is generated to suck tea leaves into the material discharge barrel 2.3 through the collecting hose 2.4. The material discharge barrel is divided into two upper and lower chambers, and an intermediate material discharge port is formed between the two chambers. A sliding baffle 2.13 is arranged below the intermediate material discharge port. The sliding baffle is installed on the sliding track in a horizontal direction. The sliding baffle is integrally arranged or fixedly connected with the rack. A pressure sensor 2.7 is installed below the sliding baffle. When the sliding baffle blocks the intermediate material discharge port, the weight of the tea leaves falling in the upper chamber is detected by the pressure sensor. When the weight exceeds the set value, the pressure sensor transmits the signal to the controller 2.10; the controller drives the gear 2.11 and the rack 2.12 to mesh and move by controlling the rotation of the material discharge drive motor 2.9, so that the sliding baffle moves horizontally, opens the intermediate material discharge port, and the tea leaves fall into the lower chamber, and fall into the spiral conveying pipe through the lower material discharge port connected to the spiral conveying pipe at the lower end of the lower chamber. The conveying drive motor 2.1 drives the spiral conveying shaft 2.5 in the spiral conveying pipe 2.6 to rotate, and the tea leaves are evenly delivered to the grading mechanism to achieve uniform material discharge.

[0053] 3. Picking support platform

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the function of the picking support platform is to provide a mounting platform for the picking mechanism, connect the picking mechanism with the adjustment mechanism, and play a supporting and connecting role. The lower platform of the picking support platform is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion slide 5.3 in the adjustment mechanism; the picking drive motor 4.1 is fixedly installed on the upper platform of the picking support platform, and the picking drive shaft 4.2 and the picking driven shaft 4.10 are both connected to the upper platform of the picking support platform through bearings.

[0055] 4. Picking mechanism

[0056] like Figure 5-8As shown, the picking mechanism includes a picking drive motor 4.1, a picking drive shaft 4.2, a left transverse baffle 4.3, a driving wheel 4.4, a driven wheel 4.5, a bearing 4.6, a picking inner net 4.7, a picking outer net 4.8, a return spring 4.9, a picking driven shaft 4.10, a right transverse baffle 4.11, a collecting box 4.12, and a crawler 4.13. The picking mechanism is responsible for picking tea leaves, specifically: the driving wheel 4.4 is installed on the picking drive shaft 4.2, and the driven wheel 4.5 is installed on the picking driven shaft 4.10, and rotates with the rotation of the shaft; the crawler 4.13 is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and rolls forward with the rotation of the driving wheel; the left side transverse baffle 4.3 and the right side transverse baffle 4.11 are supported on the left end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft and the right end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft through the front and rear bearings, respectively, and are respectively arranged on the inner side of the left side main and driven wheels and the inner side of the right side main and driven wheels. A positioning socket is respectively arranged in the middle position of the left side transverse baffle and the right side transverse baffle, and the positioning socket can adopt the square socket described in the attached figure. The left and right sides of the collection box are provided with protruding positioning plugs, and the positioning plugs on both sides are respectively inserted into the positioning sockets on the transverse baffles on both sides to fix the collection box between the transverse baffles on both sides. The function of the collecting box is to collect the fallen tea leaves, and its shape is preferably a conical box that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the bottom of the conical box is inclined downward from the direction away from the vehicle body to the direction close to the vehicle body, and a discharge through hole is provided on the conical box, which is connected to the lower end of the box bottom through a positioning plug on the corresponding side. The position of the discharge through hole is fixedly connected to the end of the above-mentioned collecting hose to realize the connection between the collecting box and the collecting hose.

[0057] The picking outer net is formed by connecting multiple outer net sheets to form a closed outer net structure. Square mesh holes are evenly distributed on the picking outer net. Positioning columns 4.8.1 are set at both ends of the net frame of each outer net sheet to fix the picking outer net between the left and right crawlers.

[0058] The above-mentioned outer picking net has linear guide grooves on both sides of the net frame, each outer net corresponds to an inner net, and the inner net is also provided with square mesh holes. The two sides of the net frame of the inner net are inserted into the linear guide grooves on both sides of the corresponding outer net, and the two form a sliding fit along the left and right direction. A protruding column 4.7.1 is provided at one end of the net frame of the inner net, and a semi-circular inner flange 4.3.1 is provided at the inner rear half of the transverse baffle near the protruding column, and the upper and lower ends of the inner flange are provided with lead-in inclined surfaces. The inner protruding column contacts and cooperates with the inner flange, and the inner and outer picking nets can be moved relative to each other along the left and right direction. In order to realize the reset of the inner net, a reset spring is installed between the end of each inner net relative to the protruding column and the retaining spring part provided at the end of the corresponding outer net.

[0059] The above-mentioned picking inner net and picking outer net are made of plastic material with certain strength.

[0060] During operation, the picking drive motor 4.1 drives the picking drive shaft 4.2 to rotate, and the rotation of the picking drive shaft drives the driving wheel 4.4 to rotate, thereby driving the picking outer net 4.8 and the picking inner net 4.7 to roll forward along the crawler belt. The inner net sheet moving to the lower front half is aligned with the mesh of the outer net sheet, and at this time, the tea buds extend into the inside of the picking mechanism through the larger inner and outer meshes. As the inner and outer picking nets run, the raised columns on the inner net sheet contact the inner flange on the transverse baffle, and in the process of the raised columns sliding over the lower part of the inner flange and being introduced into the inclined surface, the inner net sheet moves a certain distance in the horizontal direction relative to the outer net sheet, and the meshes on the inner and outer nets are misaligned, and at this time, the tea buds are sandwiched between the meshes of the inner net and the meshes of the outer net. As the movement continues, the positions of the inner and outer nets clamping the tea buds continue to rise, and the tea buds are finally pinched and broken; when the picking inner net moves to the upper middle position, the end of the inner net frame is separated from the flange of the corresponding transverse baffle, and the reset spring is reset at this time, driving the inner net to return to its original position. The pinched tea buds fall into the collection box 4.12. This reciprocates to enter the next working cycle.

[0061] The picking mechanism can be installed on the front left or front right side of the vehicle body according to the actual picking operation environment.

[0062] 5. Adjustment mechanism

[0063] like Fig. 9 As shown, the function of the adjustment mechanism is to adjust the height and left and right position of the picking support platform, thereby adjusting the picking height of the picking mechanism and the left and right position relative to the vehicle body. It is mainly composed of a horizontal motion slide located at the front, a slide left and right movement drive mechanism, and a slide up and down movement drive mechanism. Both sets of drive mechanisms use a screw nut mechanism.

[0064] For example, the left-right moving driving mechanism of the slide includes a screw bearing seat 5.1, a base 5.2, a slider, a screw 5.4, and a screw drive motor 5.5. The horizontal motion slide 5.3 is integrally arranged with the slider or fixed to the front side of the slider. A threaded sleeve is fixedly embedded in the slider, and a screw 5.4 is connected to the threaded sleeve. The screw is connected to the base 5.2 through the screw bearing seat 5.1, and the end of the screw is connected to the screw drive motor 5.5. The slide up and down moving driving mechanism refers to the above-mentioned slide left-right moving driving mechanism, and the slider of the slide up and down moving driving mechanism is integrally arranged with or fixedly connected to the base of the slide left-right moving driving mechanism.

[0065] Before picking, the two lead screw motors are used to adjust the up and down and left and right positions of the horizontal motion slide, so that the picking support platform can move up and down and left and right, thereby adjusting the picking height and picking position. The picking mechanism is adjusted to a suitable height on the upper surface of the tea tree, so that the tea tips can just pass through the picking net, but the old leaves cannot pass because their size is larger than the mesh size. The adjustment mechanism is fixedly installed on the outside of the front side wall of the vehicle body through the base of the up and down moving drive mechanism of the slide.

[0066] 6. Rating Agency

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the function of the grading mechanism is to use the wind selection mechanism in conjunction with the screening mechanism. According to the weight of the tea leaves and the tea residue, the residue is removed by wind selection; according to the size of the single bud, one bud and one leaf, and one bud and two leaves, the tea leaves are screened and subdivided to improve the accuracy of tea grading. Specifically:

[0068] The grading mechanism includes an air duct 6.1, a fan 6.2, a screen drum 6.3, and a screen drum rotating shaft 6.4. The air duct is installed at the front end of the front chamber of the vehicle body in the left-right direction, one end of the air duct is aligned with the fan fixed on the side wall of the vehicle box, and the other end of the air duct is aligned with the ventilation hole on the vehicle box. A feed port is arranged at the upper part of the air duct, and the feed port is aligned with the discharge port 2.6.1 arranged at the lower part of the spiral conveying pipe. The tea material is transported into the air duct, and the tea material entering the air duct is separated from the tea leaves by the action of the fan. The tea leaves are discharged through the ventilation holes on the vehicle box, and the tea leaves are transported to the sieve drum through the discharge inclined pipe connected to the rear side of the air duct.

[0069] The sieve drum is supported in the front chamber of the vehicle box along the front-to-back direction by the sieve drum rotating shaft. The sieve drum as a whole is a conical sieve drum that is small in the front and large in the back. The cylinder wall of the sieve drum is provided with a primary sieve hole section, a secondary sieve hole section and a tertiary sieve hole section from front to back. From the primary sieve hole section to the tertiary sieve hole section, the aperture of the sieve hole increases successively, and each sieve hole section forms a primary screening position. When the sieve drum rotates with the movement of the wheel, three-level screening of fresh tea leaves can be achieved. After screening, the tea leaves fall into the tea storage box 1.4, and two partitions are correspondingly provided in the tea storage box, which divides the tea storage box into three storage chambers, corresponding to the three-level screening positions respectively.

[0070] 7. Drive transmission mechanism

[0071] like Figure 4 , Fig.10 As shown, the function of the drive transmission mechanism is to transmit the power of the wheel to the rotating shaft of the screen drum, so that the screen drum can rotate. Specifically:

[0072] The drive transmission mechanism includes an input shaft 7.1, gear one 7.2, gear two 7.3, transmission shaft one 7.4, gear three 7.5, gear four 7.6, transmission shaft two 7.7, bevel gear one 7.8, bevel gear two 7.9, output shaft 7.10, output shaft bearing seat 7.11, and transmission shaft bearing seat 7.12.

[0073] The input shaft is coaxially connected to the two driving wheels to transmit the rotation of the driving wheels to the input shaft. Transmission shaft 2, transmission shaft 1, and input shaft are arranged in parallel up and down, and the bearing seats at both ends of transmission shaft 1 and transmission shaft 2 are supported on the side crossbeams arranged in the rear chamber of the car box. The gear 1 7.2 is installed on the input shaft 7.1, gear 2 7.3 and gear 3 7.5 are installed on transmission shaft 1 7.4, gear 4 7.6 and bevel gear 1 7.8 are installed on transmission shaft 2 7.7; bevel gear 2 is installed on the output shaft, and the output shaft is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the screen drum. The movement of the driving wheel 1.2 drives the input shaft 7.1 to rotate, and drives the transmission shaft 1 to rotate through the meshing gears 1 and 2; then drives the transmission shaft 2 to rotate through the meshing gears 3 and 4; the meshing bevel gears 1 and 2 transmit the power to the output shaft. The output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the screen drum to drive the rotation of the screen drum.

[0074] The working principle of this tea picking, sorting and collecting vehicle:

[0075] Before using the tea picking, sorting and collecting vehicle, the picking height and picking position are adjusted by adjusting the mechanism according to the terrain of the tea garden, so that the tea leaves to be picked pass through the meshes of the picking net to achieve the best picking effect.

[0076] When the equipment is in working state, the picking drive motor drives the picking drive shaft to work, and the picking inner net and the picking outer net roll forward with the crawler. The inner net sheet moving to the lower front half is aligned with the mesh of the outer net sheet. At this time, the tea buds extend into the picking mechanism through the larger inner and outer mesh holes. As the inner and outer picking nets run, the raised columns on the inner net sheet contact the inner flange on the transverse baffle. In the process of the raised columns sliding over the lower part of the inner flange and introducing the inclined surface, the inner net sheet moves a certain distance in the horizontal direction relative to the outer net sheet, and the mesh holes on the inner and outer nets are misaligned. At this time, the tea buds are clamped between the mesh holes of the inner net and the mesh holes of the outer net. As the movement continues, the positions of the inner and outer nets that clamp the tea buds continue to rise, and finally the tea buds are pinched and lifted off; when the aforementioned picking inner net moves to the upper middle position, the end of the inner net frame is separated from the flange of the corresponding transverse baffle, and the reset spring is reset at this time, driving the inner net to return to its original position. The aforementioned pinched tea buds fall into the collection box. This process repeats itself and enters the next working cycle.

[0077] After the tea leaves fall, the vacuum device generates negative pressure, causing the tea leaves to enter the discharge barrel through the collection hose. When the tea leaves on the sliding baffle plate accumulate to a certain weight, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the controller, which controls the drive motor to work, so that the gear rack engages, drives the sliding baffle plate to move along the sliding track, and causes the tea leaves to fall into the spiral conveying tube. After a certain time interval, the drive motor runs in the opposite direction to reset the sliding baffle plate to ensure the sealing of the upper chamber of the discharge barrel. The conveying drive motor works, and the tea leaves are evenly delivered to the sorting mechanism through the spiral conveying shaft to achieve uniform material discharge. After the tea leaves enter the sorting mechanism, the wind generated by the fan separates the tea leaves from the tea dregs to achieve dregs removal.

[0078] The tea picking, sorting and collecting vehicle is pushed forward by the operator at a speed lower than the running speed of the picking mechanism. The rotation of the driving wheel transmits power to the rotating shaft of the screen drum through the driving transmission mechanism, driving the rotation of the screen drum. After the tea leaves are removed from the dregs, they enter the screen drum and pass through three-level screens with different mesh sizes to achieve fine classification.

[0079] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle, characterized by: It includes a vehicle body, a collecting and conveying mechanism, a picking support platform, a picking mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a tea grading mechanism, and a driving transmission mechanism; The vehicle body adopts a movable and steerable vehicle body structure, and the vehicle body includes a vehicle box, which is divided into two front and rear chambers by a partition, and tea storage boxes are inserted at the positions of the left and right sides of the lower part of the vehicle box corresponding to the front chamber; The adjustment mechanism is installed on the front side wall of the vehicle box, including a horizontal motion slide located at the front, a slide left and right movement drive mechanism and a slide up and down movement drive mechanism, and both sets of drive mechanisms adopt a screw nut mechanism; The picking support platform is fixedly connected to the horizontal movable slide; The picking mechanism is suspended and installed on the picking support platform; the picking mechanism adopts a circularly running picking inner and outer net matching structure driven by crawlers; when the picking inner and outer nets run to the upper middle front position and the lower middle front position, the mesh holes on the picking inner and outer nets are aligned, and when the picking inner and outer nets run to the lower middle rear position and the upper middle rear position, the picking inner net moves along the left and right directions to a position that is misaligned with the mesh holes on the picking outer net, so as to pinch and lift the tea buds; a collecting box for receiving tea buds is arranged inside the picking inner and outer nets, and a discharging through hole is arranged at one end of the collecting box close to the vehicle body; The picking mechanism includes a picking drive motor, a picking drive shaft, a picking driven shaft, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a crawler, a picking inner net, a picking outer net, a left transverse baffle, a right transverse baffle, and a collecting box; the picking driven shaft and the picking drive shaft are arranged in parallel front and back, and both are supported on the picking bracket platform by bearings installed at both ends, the driving wheel is installed on the picking drive shaft, the driven wheel is installed on the picking driven shaft, and the crawler is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the picking outer net is formed by connecting multiple outer net sheets to form a closed outer net structure, and square mesh holes are evenly distributed on the picking outer net, and positioning columns are arranged at both ends of the net frame of each outer net sheet, and the picking outer net is fixedly installed between the crawlers on the left and right sides through the positioning columns; Linear guide grooves are arranged on both sides of the mesh frame of each outer mesh sheet, and each outer mesh sheet corresponds to an inner mesh sheet. The inner mesh sheet is provided with square mesh holes, and the two sides of the mesh frame of the inner mesh sheet are inserted into the linear guide grooves on both sides of the corresponding outer mesh sheet, and the two form a sliding fit along the left and right directions. A raised column is arranged at one end of the mesh frame of the inner mesh sheet, and a semi-circular inner flange is arranged at the inner rear half of the transverse baffle on the side close to the raised column, and the upper and lower ends of the inner flange are provided with introduction inclined surfaces; the inner raised column contacts and cooperates with the inner flange to realize the relative movement of the inner and outer picking nets along the left and right directions; a reset spring is installed between the end of each inner mesh sheet relative to the raised column and the retaining spring part arranged at the end of the corresponding outer mesh sheet; The tea grading mechanism is installed in the front chamber of the carriage, and the driving transmission mechanism is installed in the rear chamber of the carriage. The driving transmission mechanism is used to transmit the forward motion of the vehicle body to the tea grading mechanism; The collecting and conveying mechanism is installed on the roof of the vehicle near the front end, and the collecting and conveying mechanism evenly conveys the tea buds in the collecting box to the front end of the tea grading mechanism through the negative pressure pipeline and the screw conveying mechanism.

2. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Universal wheels are installed on both sides of the front end of the bottom of the vehicle box and driving wheels are installed on both sides of the rear end. Ventilation holes are densely arranged at the front upper corners on the left side wall or the right side wall of the vehicle box.

3. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side transverse baffle and the right side transverse baffle are respectively supported on the left end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft and the right end of the driving shaft and the driven shaft through front and rear bearings, and are respectively arranged on the inner side of the left main and driven wheels and the inner side of the right main and driven wheels; a positioning hole is respectively arranged at the middle position of the left side transverse baffle and the right side transverse baffle; and protruding positioning plugs are arranged on the left and right sides of the collection box, and the positioning plugs on both sides are respectively inserted into the positioning holes on the transverse baffles on both sides to fix the collection box between the transverse baffles on both sides.

4. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting box is a tapered box that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the bottom of the tapered box is arranged to be inclined downward from a direction away from the vehicle body to a direction close to the vehicle body.

5. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tea grading mechanism comprises an air duct, a fan, a screen drum, and a screen drum rotating shaft; the air duct is installed at the front end of the front chamber of the vehicle body in the left-right direction, one end of the air duct is aligned with the fan fixed on the side wall of the vehicle box, and the other end of the air duct is aligned with the ventilation hole on the vehicle box; a feed port is arranged at the top of the air duct; a feed discharge inclined pipe for conveying tea materials to the front end of the screen drum is connected to the rear side of the air duct; The screen drum is supported in the front chamber of the vehicle box along the front-to-back direction by the screen drum rotating shaft. The screen drum as a whole is a conical screen drum which is small in the front and large in the back. The cylinder wall of the screen drum is provided with a primary screen hole section, a secondary screen hole section and a tertiary screen hole section from front to back. The aperture of the screen hole increases successively from the primary screen hole section to the tertiary screen hole section.

6. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two partitions are arranged in the tea storage box, dividing the tea storage box into three storage chambers, which respectively correspond to the three-level screening positions of the screen cylinder.

7. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive transmission mechanism comprises an input shaft, a gear 1, a gear 2, a transmission shaft 1, a gear 3, a gear 4, a transmission shaft 2, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, and an output shaft; The input shaft is coaxially connected with the two driving wheels on the vehicle body, the transmission shaft 2, the transmission shaft 1 and the input shaft are arranged in parallel in sequence, and the two ends of the transmission shaft 1 and the transmission shaft 2 are supported on the side crossbeam arranged in the rear chamber of the vehicle box through bearing seats; the gear 1 is installed on the input shaft, the gear 2 and the gear 3 are installed on the transmission shaft 1, and the gear 4 and the bevel gear 1 are installed on the transmission shaft 2; the bevel gear 2 is installed on the output shaft, and the output shaft is coaxially driven and connected with the rotating shaft of the screen drum; the gear 1 and the gear 2, the gear 3 and the gear 4, the bevel gear 1 and the bevel gear 2 are meshed respectively.

8. The tea picking, grading and collecting vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting and conveying mechanism includes a collecting hose, a material discharge barrel, a vacuum device, a material discharge drive motor, a spiral conveying pipe, a spiral conveying shaft, a conveying drive motor, a sliding track, a sliding baffle, a pressure sensor, a rack, a gear, and a controller; The material discharge barrel is connected with the spiral conveying pipe in the upper and lower parts, and the material discharge barrel is divided into two upper and lower chambers, and an intermediate material discharge port is formed between the two chambers. A sliding baffle is arranged below the intermediate material discharge port, and the sliding baffle is installed on the sliding track in a horizontal direction, and the sliding track is fixed on the material discharge barrel. The sliding baffle is integrally arranged with the rack or fixedly connected, and the rack is meshed with the gear, and the gear is connected with the material discharge drive motor. A pressure sensor is installed below the sliding baffle for detecting the weight of the material discharge, and the controller is used to control the operation of the material discharge drive motor according to the pressure sensor signal; The screw conveying shaft is arranged in the screw conveying pipe, and one end of the screw conveying shaft away from the lower discharge port on the screw conveying pipe is connected to the conveying drive motor; The vacuum device is communicated with the upper chamber of the lower barrel through a pipeline, one end of the collecting hose is communicated with the upper chamber of the lower barrel, and the other end is communicated with the discharge through hole of the collecting box.

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